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Yao C, Wu H, Li X, Chen Q, Zhang W, Yu G, Liu H, Miao Y, Wu W. Molecular insights into dicationic versus monocationic ionic liquids as a high hydrophobic alternative for the separation of phenol from waters. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 248:118420. [PMID: 38316384 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The hydrophobic nature of an extractant is particularly critical in the treatment of wastewater. Considering that dicationic ionic liquids (DILs) are likely to be more hydrophobic, a comparative study of the separation of phenol from waters using [NTf2]- based monocationic ionic liquids (MILs) and DILs is carried out both from experimental and theoretical analysis perspectives. Experimental results revealed that DILs exhibited superior extraction ability compared to MILs, with extraction efficiencies of 93.7% and 97.4% using [BMIM][NTf2] and [C6(MIM)2][NTf2]2 as extractants, respectively. The microscopic examination through theoretical calculations elucidated the higher hydrophobicity and extraction efficiency of DILs over MILs. The results indicated that the DIL showed stronger hydrophobicity than the MIL because the hydrogen bond strength between the DIL and water was lower than that of the MIL. Although the hydrogen bond strength between the DIL and phenol was lower than that of the MIL, the stronger van der Waals forces existed between DIL and phenol, so DIL was more efficient in extracting phenol. In addition, the experimental parameters were optimized to provide basic data for application, such as mass ratio of ILs to water, extraction time and temperature, pH, and initial phenol content. Finally, the DILs were recovered using rotary evaporation apparatus, and the results demonstrated that DILs had good recovery and reuse performance. In brief, this work could provide an effective method for the treatment of phenol-containing wastewater. And the revelation of molecular mechanism is expected to positively impact the design of high-performance task-specific ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congfei Yao
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Haisong Wu
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Qiuyu Chen
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Wanxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Gangqiang Yu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Hongqi Liu
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yuqing Miao
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Weize Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
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2
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Joaquin HF, Jaime PM, Rodrigo OT. Applying a Green Solvent with Microwave, Ultrasound, and Soxhlet Extraction Techniques to Quantify the Slip Additive cis-1,3-Docosenamide and Nine Oxidative Degradation Byproducts in Polypropylene Samples. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3457. [PMID: 37631513 PMCID: PMC10458392 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Erucamide is used as an important slip agent for polymers. However, erucamide can degrade during processing and long-term storage, forming various oxidation products. These degradation products can affect the recovery rates of erucamide. In this study, investigated different solid-liquid extraction methods (Soxhlet, microwave, and ultrasound) and used gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to quantify erucamide and its degradation byproducts in polypropylene (PP). A multivariable experiment was designed, and a mixed-effect approach was used to analyze the results. Various extraction variables were examined, such as temperature, time, solvents, and PP pretreatments. Using a mixed-effect model with a Kenward-Roger approximation, an R2 of the model of 97% and p values of 0.168, 0.000, and 0.000 were obtained for the technical, solvent, and type of PP pretreatment variables, respectively. The highest average recoveries of erucamide were found with the microwave technique and were 96.4% using dichloromethane, 94.57% using cyclohexane, and 93.05% using limonene. With ultrasound, recoveries ranged between 85 and 92% for dichloromethane and limonene. In addition, it was observed that the extraction method had better recovery results in ground PP than in films and in pellets. Nine oxidative degradation byproducts of erucamide were identified and semi-quantified by GC-MS. The reaction mechanisms for forming each byproduct were proposed. The byproducts that experienced a higher rate of degradation of erucamide were erucamide with a hydroxyl group at position one and 12-amino-6-12-oxo-dodecanoic acid, showing more prominent peaks using the Soxhlet method with cyclohexane and dichloromethane as solvents and polypropylene (PP) films as the type of material used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernández Fernández Joaquin
- Chemistry Program, Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, San Pablo Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130015, Colombia
- Chemical Engineering Program, School of Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolivar, Parque Industrial y Tecnológico Carlos Vélez Pombo Km 1 Vía Turbaco, Cartagena 130001, Colombia
- Department of Natural and Exact Science, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Pérez Mendoza Jaime
- Complex Fluid Engineering and Food Rheology Research Group (IFCRA), Food Engineering Department, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias 130015, Colombia;
| | - Ortega-Toro Rodrigo
- Food Packaging and Shelf-Life Research Group (FP&SL), Food Engineering Department, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias 130015, Colombia;
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3
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Abranches DO, Coutinho JAP. Everything You Wanted to Know about Deep Eutectic Solvents but Were Afraid to Be Told. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2023; 14:141-163. [PMID: 36888992 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-101121-085323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Are deep eutectic solvents (DESs) a promising alternative to conventional solvents? Perhaps, but their development is hindered by a plethora of misconceptions. These are carefully analyzed here, beginning with the very meaning of DESs, which has strayed far beyond its original scope of eutectic mixtures of Lewis or Brønsted acids and bases. Instead, a definition that is grounded on thermodynamic principles and distinguishes between eutectic and deep eutectic is encouraged, and the types of precursors that can be used to prepare DESs are reviewed. Landmark works surrounding the sustainability, stability, toxicity, and biodegradability of these solvents are also discussed, revealing piling evidence that numerous DESs reported thus far, particularly those that are choline based, lack sufficient sustainability-related traits to be considered green solvents. Finally, emerging DES applications are reviewed, emphasizing their most remarkable feature: the ability to liquefy a solid compound with a target property, allowing its use as a liquid solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinis O Abranches
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; ,
| | - João A P Coutinho
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; ,
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4
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Rodríguez-Llorente D, Martín-Gutiérrez D, Suárez-Rodríguez P, Navarro P, Álvarez-Torrellas S, García J, Larriba M. Sustainable recovery of phenolic antioxidants from real olive vegetation water with natural hydrophobic eutectic solvents and terpenoids. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 220:115207. [PMID: 36603659 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Olive oil production leads to the generation of olive mill wastewater (OMWW). Due to the presence of phenolic compounds, they are difficult to process, but they represent a source of high-added value chemicals since they have antioxidant and therapeutic properties. This work has studied the extraction of phenolic compounds from a type of OMWW, olive vegetation water, which presents these compounds in a more diluted dosage than in other studied to date, to revalue this waste stream. A real olive vegetation water from a Spanish olive oil producer was used, and liquid-liquid extraction was applied. Terpenoids and terpene-based hydrophobic eutectic solvents were systematically used to extract phenolic compounds following the concentrations of tyrosol, catechol, caffeic acid, and total phenolic content. By molecular simulation with the COSMO-RS method, 4 terpenoids, and 2 eutectic solvents were selected and compared with 2 conventional solvents. The Solvent/Feed ratio in the extraction of phenolic compounds was studied, showing that the solvents with the highest extraction results were geraniol, eucalyptol, and eutectic solvent menthol + camphor, which outperformed conventional solvents methyl isobutyl ketone and diisopropyl ether. Menthol + camphor gave total phenol extraction yields of 88.73% at a Solvent/Feed ratio in volume of 0.50, surpassing all solvents tested. A solvent reuse and regeneration process was applied by back-extraction of the 4 solvents: FTIR results showed the stability of the solvents while maintaining yields in the solvent reuse process. The phenolic compounds could be concentrated in the alkaline phase to factors up to 49.3 to the initial concentration in olive vegetation water. The alkaline phases were neutralized to obtain a precipitate with a caffeic acid content of up to 26 % wt%, and a tyrosol-rich supernatant with a concentration of up to 6.54 g/L. This work proposes a process using natural solvents to extract phenolic compounds from olive vegetation water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Rodríguez-Llorente
- Catalysis and Separation Processes Research Group (CyPS), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Complutense S/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Martín-Gutiérrez
- Catalysis and Separation Processes Research Group (CyPS), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Complutense S/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Suárez-Rodríguez
- Catalysis and Separation Processes Research Group (CyPS), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Complutense S/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Navarro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Autonomous University of Madrid, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Álvarez-Torrellas
- Catalysis and Separation Processes Research Group (CyPS), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Complutense S/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan García
- Catalysis and Separation Processes Research Group (CyPS), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Complutense S/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos Larriba
- Catalysis and Separation Processes Research Group (CyPS), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Complutense S/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Extraction performance evaluation of amide-based deep eutectic solvents for carboxylic acid: Molecular dynamics simulations and a mini-pilot study. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Cheng H, Huang Y, Lv H, Li L, Meng Q, Yuan M, Liang Y, Jin M. Insights into the liquid extraction mechanism of actual high-strength phenolic wastewater by hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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7
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Gutiérrez-Sánchez P, Navarro P, Álvarez-Torrellas S, García J, Larriba M. Extraction of neonicotinoid pesticides from aquatic environmental matrices with sustainable terpenoids and eutectic solvents. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Kostanyan AE, Belova VV, Voshkin AA. Three- and Multi-Phase Extraction as a Tool for the Implementation of Liquid Membrane Separation Methods in Practice. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12100926. [PMID: 36295685 PMCID: PMC9608080 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To promote the implementation of liquid membrane separations in industry, we have previously proposed extraction methods called three- and multi-phase extraction. The three-phase multi-stage extraction is carried out in a cascade of bulk liquid membrane separation stages, each comprising two interconnected (extraction and stripping) chambers. The organic liquid membrane phase recycles between the chambers within the same stage. In multi-phase extraction, each separation stage includes a scrubbing chamber, located between the extraction and stripping chambers. The three- and multi-phase multi-stage extraction technique can be realized either in a series of mixer-settler extractors or in special two- or multi-chamber extraction apparatuses, in which the convective circulation of continuous membrane phase between the chambers takes place due to the difference in emulsion density in the chambers. The results of an experimental study of the extraction of phenol from sulfuric acid solutions in the three-phase extractors with convective circulation of continuous membrane phase are presented. Butyl acetate was used as an extractant. The stripping of phenol from the organic phase was carried out with 5-12% NaOH aqueous solutions. The prospects of using three-phase extractors for wastewater treatment from phenol are shown. An increase in the efficiency of three-phase extraction can be achieved by carrying out the process in a cascade of three-phase apparatuses.
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Malik A, Dhattarwal HS, Kashyap HK. An Overview of Structure and Dynamics Associated with Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents and Their Applications in Extraction Processes. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200239. [PMID: 35702808 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Recent development of novel water-immiscible green solvents known as hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) has opened the gates for applications requiring media where presence of water is undesirable. Ever since they were prepared, researchers have used HDESs in diverse fields such as extraction processes, CO 2 sequestration, membrane formation, and catalysis. The microstructure and dynamics associated with the species comprising HDESs guide their suitability for specific applications. For example, varying the alkyl tail length of HDES components significantly affects the dynamics of the components and thus helps in tuning the efficiency of extraction processes. The development of HDESs is still in infancy and very few theoretical studies are available in the literature that help in understanding the structure and dynamics of HDESs. This review highlights the recent work focused on the microscopic structure and dynamics of HDESs and their potential applications, particularly in extraction processes. We have also provided a glimpse of how the integration of experiments and computational techniques can help understand the mechanism of extraction processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Malik
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Chemistry, Hauz Khas, 110016, New Delhi, INDIA
| | - Harender S Dhattarwal
- IIT Delhi: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Chemistry, Hauz Khas, 110016, New Delhi, INDIA
| | - Hemant Kumar Kashyap
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, 110016, New Delhi, INDIA
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10
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Extraction of antibiotics identified in the EU Watch List 2020 from hospital wastewater using hydrophobic eutectic solvents and terpenoids. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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11
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Zainal-Abidin MH, Hayyan M, Wong WF. Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents: Current progress and future directions. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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S Salehi H, Celebi AT, Vlugt TJH, Moultos OA. Thermodynamic, transport, and structural properties of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents composed of tetraalkylammonium chloride and decanoic acid. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:144502. [PMID: 33858163 DOI: 10.1063/5.0047369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the emergence of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs), the scope of applications of DESs has been expanded to include situations in which miscibility with water is undesirable. Whereas most studies have focused on the applications of hydrophobic DESs from a practical standpoint, few theoretical works exist that investigate the structural and thermodynamic properties at the nanoscale. In this study, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed to model DESs composed of tetraalkylammonium chloride hydrogen bond acceptor and decanoic acid hydrogen bond donor (HBD) at a molar ratio of 1:2, with three different cation chain lengths (4, 7, and 8). After fine-tuning force field parameters, densities, viscosities, self-diffusivities, and ionic conductivities of the DESs were computed over a wide temperature range. The liquid structure was examined using radial distribution functions (RDFs) and hydrogen bond analysis. The MD simulations reproduced the experimental density and viscosity data from the literature reasonably well and were used to predict diffusivities and ionic conductivities, for which experimental data are scarce or unavailable. It was found that although an increase in the cation chain length considerably affected the density and transport properties of the DESs (i.e., yielding smaller densities and slower dynamics), no significant influence was observed on the RDFs and the hydrogen bonds. The self-diffusivities showed the following order for the mobility of the various components: HBD > anion > cation. Strong hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl and carbonyl groups of decanoic acid and between the hydroxyl group of decanoic acid and chloride were observed to dominate the intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirad S Salehi
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process and Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Alper T Celebi
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process and Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Thijs J H Vlugt
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process and Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Othonas A Moultos
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process and Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
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Malik A, Kashyap HK. Heterogeneity in hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents: SAXS prepeak and local environments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:3915-3924. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05407k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The observation of the prepeak in the simulated total X-ray scattering structure function (S(q)) reveals the presence of intermediate-range structural heterogeneity in hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Malik
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- Hauz Khas
- India
| | - Hemant K. Kashyap
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- Hauz Khas
- India
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A Review of the Use of Eutectic Solvents, Terpenes and Terpenoids in Liquid–liquid Extraction Processes. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8101220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse and abundant applications of the eutectic solvents have appeared in the last years. Their promising tunable properties, eco-friendly character and the possibility of being prepared from numerous compounds have led to the publication of numerous papers addressing their use in different areas. Terpenes and terpenoids have been employed in the formulation of eutectic solvents, though they also have been applied as solvents in extraction processes. For their hydrophobic nature, renewable character, low environmental impact, cost and being non-hazardous, they have also been proposed as possible substitutes of conventional solvents in the separation of organic compounds from aqueous streams, similarly to hydrophobic eutectic solvents. The present work reviews the application of eutectic solvents in liquid–liquid extraction and terpenes and terpenoids in extraction processes. It has been made a research in the current state-of-the-art in these fields, describing the proposed applications of the solvents. It has been highlighted the scale-up feasibility, solvent regeneration and reuse procedures and the comparison of the performance of eutectic solvents, terpenes and terpenoids in extraction with conventional organic solvents or ionic liquids. Ultimately, it has been also discussed the employ of predictive methods in extraction, the reliability of thermodynamic models in correlation of liquid–liquid equilibria and simulation of liquid–liquid extraction processes.
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