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Panahi R, Ravi M, Abdollahi K. The concentrated polyaluminum chloride with tailor-made distribution of Al species: synthesis, distribution and transformation of Al species, and coagulation performance. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:3215-3228. [PMID: 35298360 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2055497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Production of concentrated polyaluminum chloride (PACl) with the proper distribution of Al species (Ala, Alb, and Alc) is still a challenging issue on both industrial and laboratory scale. Hence, the effects of total aluminum concentration (AlT) at high levels, regular basicity values, and low base injection rates on the distribution of Al species in PACl solutions were investigated using quadratic models. The results confirmed the possibility to synthesize tailor-made PACl solutions with a specified value of either Ala, Alb, or Alc within the range of 22-51%, 4-51%, or 0.5-74%, respectively. For instance, in agreement with the predicted value, a PACl sample rich in both Alb (42,200 ppm) and AlT was produced by applying the basicity of 1.7, AlT of 9.07% as Al2O3, and basification rate of 0.48 ml/h. In addition, the maximum Alc could be acquired by exploiting the highest C, B, and Q values. This condition also minimized both Ala and Alb. The trends of Ala and Alc changes by the increment of basicity were concave and convex, respectively, while Alb showed either a decreasing trend or a concave pattern based on the values of injection rate and AlT. The Alb-rich PACl sample was effectively applied for turbidity removal from synthetic wastewater at various pHs and initial turbidities. At best, residual turbidity of about 1% was observed after the coagulation process. These findings can be constructive for the production and application of tailor-made PACl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Panahi
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ravi
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kourosh Abdollahi
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, Melbourne, Australia
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A novel magnetically oscillatory fluidized bed using micron-sized magnetic particles for continuous capture of emulsified oil droplets. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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Li JP, Zhao W, Li SH, Yang XJ, Lyu SG, Liu YD, Wang HL. A novel hydrocyclone for use in underground DNAPL phase separation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156866. [PMID: 35753481 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Halogenated organic solvents are the most commonly detected pollutants in groundwater and are particularly toxic and harmful. How to separate these dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) pollutants efficiently from groundwater has become an important research question. Here, a novel hydrocyclone with annular overflow structure was designed, which eliminated the short-circuit flow of the traditional hydrocyclone and solved the problem of overflow entrainment caused by the enrichment of droplets near the locus of zero vertical velocities (LZVV) into turbulence. The flow field characteristics of this novel hydrocyclone were studied using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation and compared with the traditional hydrocyclone. It was found that the annular gap structure of the novel hydrocyclone increased the tangential velocity of the outer vortex. Moreover, the radius of the LZVV was expanded outward by 0.17 mm, which reduced the possibility of droplets with small particle sizes in the second phase escaping from the overflow pipe. The collective effect was to eliminate the short-circuit flow. This novel hydrocyclone was able to separate DNAPL pollutants with low consumption and high efficiency, across a range of inlet velocity from 4 to 6 m/s. The maximum separation efficiency was 99.91 %. In addition, with trichloroethylene (TCE) as the target pollutant, the maximum volume fraction of the dispersed phase in the hydrocyclone was located on the side wall of the hydrocyclone. Taken together, we believe that this work will provide a low-cost, efficient separation method for the separation of groundwater- contaminated liquid mixtures. Furthermore, it has broad application prospects in the field of heterotopic remediation of groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for High Concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shi-Hao Li
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xue-Jing Yang
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shu-Guang Lyu
- National Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control for Chemical Processes in Environmental Protection, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, China
| | - Yong-di Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for High Concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hua-Lin Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for High Concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Yang C, Liu F, Zhang C, Offiong NA, Dong J. Density-modification displacement using colloidal biliquid aphron for entrapped DNAPL contaminated aquifer remediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128641. [PMID: 35339835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal biliquid aphron (CBLA) is a strong density modifier for dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for density modification and displacement is not yet clear. Here, a series of batch column and sandbox experiments were conducted to achieve substantial removal and irreversible density reduction of tetrachloroethylene (PCE). The mass of PCE retained in the column and sandbox was less than 1% under suitable injection conditions, and the density of PCE in the effluent was less than that of water (fluctuated in the range of 0.74-0.96 g/cm3). The displacement process was controlled by the high viscosity ratio of CBLA to PCE (52.3). The emulsified and dissolved phase of PCE formed after reaction with CBLA, and the light nonaqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) phase formed after injecting demulsifier solution. The phase analysis played a significant role in monitoring the changes in concentration and density of PCE. The density-modification displacement technique using CBLA reduced the mass of residual PCE by a factor of 165 compared to surfactant flushing, and there was no risk of downward migration of PCE. This study contributes to a better remediation of entrapped DNAPL in contaminated aquifer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoge Yang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Fangyuan Liu
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Chunpeng Zhang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Nnanake-Abasi Offiong
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun 130021, China; Department of Chemical Sciences, Topfaith University, Mkpatak, Nigeria
| | - Jun Dong
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun 130021, China.
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Yang C, Offiong NA, Zhang C, Liu F, Zhang W, Dong J. Density-regulated remediation of dense non-aqueous phase liquids using colloidal biliquid aphrons (CBLA): Force model of transport and distribution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:151057. [PMID: 34710427 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Using colloidal biliquid aphrons (CBLAs) for density control has been proved to a promising technology in dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) contaminated aquifer remediation. However, the transport and distribution of CBLAs in aquifer is an urgent issue for actual application in groundwater. Especially considering the fact that CBLAs have a lower density than water. In this work, the role of buoyancy force on CBLA transport in water-saturated sandbox was investigated, and the force model of CBLA in pore space was developed. Furthermore, the density regulation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in sandbox was studied using CBLA. We found that buoyancy plays a significant role compared with other interaction forces in the transport of CBLA, and the sine of the rising angle of CBLA has a significant correlation with the force on CBLA. CBLA at 5 times the volume of TCE displaced the TCE at the bottom of the tank by upward mobility and the maximum concentration dramatically decreased to 31.23 mg/L. These results can be used for predicting the transport of CBLA (as well as other remediation reagents that are less dense than water) in aquifer and are beneficial to the subsequent remediation application of CBLA in actual contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoge Yang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Nnanake-Abasi Offiong
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Chunpeng Zhang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Fangyuan Liu
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Weihong Zhang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Jun Dong
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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Feng X, Jiang S, Li B, Yang Y, Shen L, Zhang Z, Yuan H, Ye F, Mi Y. Synthesis of a hyperbranched polymer with a dihydroxyl nucleus and its demulsifying performance. Chem Eng Res Des 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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