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Chen JS, Wang J, Zhang JH, Guo ZY, Zhang PP, Guo XF, Liu J, Ji ZY. Electronanofiltration Membranes with a Bilayer Charged Structure Enable High Li +/Mg 2+ Selectivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:6632-6643. [PMID: 38272023 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Achieving separation of lithium and magnesium with similar radii is crucial for the current lithium extraction technology from salt lakes, which usually possess a high lithium-to-magnesium ratio. Herein, we proposed the facile sequential interfacial polymerization (SIP) approach to construct electronanofiltration membranes (ENFMs) with a bilayer charged structure consisting of a high positively charged surface and a negatively charged sublayer. The trimesoyl chloride (TMC) concentration was adjusted to enhance the -COOH content and negative charge of the polyamide sublayer to promote Li+ migration, and then the quaternized polyethylenimine was introduced to the membrane surface by the SIP process to increase the positive charge density on the surface of the ENFMs, which would block the migration of Mg2+ and enhance the Li+/Mg2+ selectivity of the ENFMs. The optimal quaternary-modified ENFMs achieved outstanding selectivity for Li+/Mg2+ (49.85) and high Li+ flux (4.10 × 10-8 mol cm-2 s-1) at a current density of 10 mA cm-2. Moreover, in simulated brines with low lithium concentration and high Mg2+/Li+ ratio, the optimal ENFMs also displayed elevated Li+/Mg2+ selectivity (>45), highlighting the substantial promise of the membranes for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Shuai Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Ji-Hong Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Guo
- Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Pan-Pan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Xiao-Fu Guo
- Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Ji
- Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
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2
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Imidazolium functionalized polysulfone/DTPA-chitosan composite beads for simultaneous removal of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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3
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Ren Y, Zhang A, Li L, Ma L, Jin Q, Yuan M, He G, Zhang F. Hydrogen bonding promoted electrodialysis performance of a novel blend anion exchange membrane. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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4
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Investigation on flexible and thermally crosslinked bis-piperidinium-PPO anion exchange membrane (AEM) for electro-kinetic desalination and acid recovery. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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5
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Ayaz S, Yao ZY, Chen YJ, Yu HY. Preparation of poly(arylene ether ketone) based anion exchange membrane with pendant pyrimidinium and pyridazinium cation derivatives for alkaline fuel cell. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Ruan H, Yu L, Yao Y, Li J, Yan J, Liao J, Shen J. Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)-Based Anion Exchange Membranes with Improved Antifouling Potentials and Reduced Swelling Ratios for Electrodialysis Application. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Ruan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lu Yu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yuyang Yao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Junhua Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jianlang Yan
- Shaoxing Zhongchang Chemical Co., Ltd., Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Junbin Liao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jiangnan Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Yu S, Qian H, Liao J, Dong J, Yu L, Liu C, Shen J. Proton blockage PVDF-co-HFP-based anion exchange membrane for sulfuric acid recovery in electrodialysis. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Liu Q, Wang Z, Sui Z, Shui T, Wang S. A novel anion exchange membrane based on silicone/polyphenylene oxide with excellent ionic conductivity for
AEMFC. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Zhe Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
- School of Chemistry and Life Science Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Zhiyin Sui
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Tianen Shui
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Song Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
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9
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Tailor the gas transport properties of network polyimide membranes via crosslinking center structure variation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Zhang S, Dai F, Ke Z, Wang Q, Chen C, Qian G, Yu Y. A novel porous hollow carboxyl-polysulfone microsphere for selective removal of cationic dyes. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 289:133205. [PMID: 34890624 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we obtained porous hollow carboxyl-polysulfone (PH-CPSF) microspheres through non-solvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) method and simple modification, used as highly efficient adsorbents for removing cationic dyes from sewage. The resulting PH-CPSF microspheres possess a hollow core and sponge-like shell structure, with high surface area, durable chemical inertness and structural stability. The as-synthesized PH-CPSF microspheres deliver a desirable adsorption effect after deprotonation treatment, with an adsorption capacity reaching up to 154.5 mg g-1 at 25 °C (pH = 7) of methylene blue (MB). The inter-molecular interactions between MB and the surface of the PH-CPSF, including π-π interaction, hydrogen bonding, strong charge attraction and weak charge attraction endow the adsorption ability of the PH-CPSF. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model pronounces in the adsorption behavior, and the adsorption equilibrium data is fitted to the Langmuir model. Moreover, PH-CPSF microspheres can also be used as adsorption fillers for large-scale water purification, and a removal rate of 94.0% for MB can be achieved under a flow rate of 8000 L m-3 h-1. The reusability of 95.3% removal effect for PH-CPSF microspheres after 20 consecutive cycles can be attained by a simple regeneration treatment. The adsorption efficiency of the PH-CPSF microspheres was evaluated by variety of cationic and anionic dyes, with high adsorption capacity toward cationic dyes (100%) and less than 10% toward anionic dyes. These results manifest that PH-CPSF microspheres are a potential adsorbent with long-term purification capabilities, which are expected to be used in small and large-scale sewage treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangying Zhang
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Fengna Dai
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zhao Ke
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Chunhai Chen
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Guangtao Qian
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Youhai Yu
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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11
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Accelerated Degradation of Quaternary Ammonium Functionalized Anion Exchange Membrane in Catholyte of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.109864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Burts KS, Plisko TV, Sjölin M, Rodrigues G, Bildyukevich AV, Lipnizki F, Ulbricht M. Development of Antifouling Polysulfone Membranes by Synergistic Modification with Two Different Additives in Casting Solution and Coagulation Bath: Synperonic F108 and Polyacrylic Acid. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:359. [PMID: 35009502 PMCID: PMC8746107 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study deals with the development of antifouling ultrafiltration membranes based on polysulfone (PSF) for wastewater treatment and the concentration and purification of hemicellulose and lignin in the pulp and paper industry. The efficient simple and reproducible technique of PSF membrane modification to increase antifouling performance by simultaneous addition of triblock copolymer polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol-polyethylene glycol (Synperonic F108, Mn =14 × 103 g mol-1) to the casting solution and addition of polyacrylic acid (PAA, Mn = 250 × 103 g mol-1) to the coagulation bath is proposed for the first time. The effect of the PAA concentration in the aqueous solution on the PSF/Synperonic F108 membrane structure, surface characteristics, performance, and antifouling stability was investigated. PAA concentrations were varied from 0.35 to 2.0 wt.%. Membrane composition, structure, and topology were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The addition of PAA into the coagulation bath was revealed to cause the formation of a thicker and denser selective layer with decreasing its pore size and porosity; according to the structural characterization, an interpolymer complex of the two additives was formed on the surface of the PSF membrane. Hydrophilicity of the membrane selective layer surface was shown to increase significantly. The selective layer surface charge was found to become more negative in comparison to the reference membrane. It was shown that PSF/Synperonic F108/PAA membranes are characterized by better antifouling performance in ultrafiltration of humic acid solution and thermomechanical pulp mill (ThMP) process water. Membrane modification with PAA results in higher ThMP process water flux, fouling recovery ratio, and hemicellulose and total lignin rejection compared to the reference PSF/Synperonic F108 membrane. This suggests the possibility of applying the developed membranes for hemicellulose concentration and purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsiaryna S. Burts
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus; (K.S.B.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Tatiana V. Plisko
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus; (K.S.B.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Mikael Sjölin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (M.S.); (G.R.); (F.L.)
| | - Goncalo Rodrigues
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (M.S.); (G.R.); (F.L.)
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandr V. Bildyukevich
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus; (K.S.B.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Frank Lipnizki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (M.S.); (G.R.); (F.L.)
| | - Mathias Ulbricht
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie II, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany;
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Duan X, Wang CW, Wang T, Xie X, Zhou X, Ye Y. Removal of Metal Ions in Phosphoric Acid by Electro-Electrodialysis with Cross-Linked Anion-Exchange Membranes. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:32417-32430. [PMID: 34901593 PMCID: PMC8655774 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There are numerous metallic impurities in wet phosphoric acid, which causes striking negative effects on industrial phosphoric acid production. In this study, the purification behavior of metallic impurities (Fe, Mg, Ca) from a wet phosphoric acid solution employing the electro-electrodialysis (EED) technology was investigated. The cross-linked polysulfone anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) for EED were prepared using N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine (TMHDA) to achieve simultaneous cross-linking and quaternization without any cross-linkers or catalysts. The performance of the resulting membranes can be determined using quaternization reagents. When the molar ratio of trimethylamine/TMHDA/chloromethylated polysulfone is 3:1:1, the cross-linked membrane CQAPSU-3-1 exhibits lower water swelling and membrane area resistance than the non-cross-linked membrane. The low membrane area resistance of CQAPSU-3-1 with long alkyl chains is obtained due to the hydrophilic-hydrophobic microphase separation structure formed by TMHDA. EED experiments with different initial phosphoric acid concentrations of 0.52 and 1.07 M were conducted to evaluate the phosphoric acid purification of different AEMs. The results show that the EED experiments were more suitable for the purification of wet phosphoric acid solution at low concentrations. It was found that the phosphoric acid concentration in the anode compartment could be increased from 0.52 to 1.04 M. Through optimization, with an initial acid concentration of 0.52 M, CQAPSU-3-1 exhibits an enhanced metallic impurity removal ratio of higher than 72.0%, the current efficiency of more than 90%, and energy consumption of 0.48 kWh/kg. Therefore, CQAPSU-3-1 exhibits much higher purification efficiency than other membranes at a low initial phosphoric acid concentration, suggesting its potential in phosphoric acid purification application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Duan
- Hubei
Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of Plant Anti-Cancer
Active Ingredients, School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan 430205, China
- Key
Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage,
Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Cun-Wen Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Tielin Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- Key
Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage,
Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xingping Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage,
Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yunsheng Ye
- Key
Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage,
Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Pan J, Tao Y, Zhao L, Yu X, Zhao X, Wu T, Liu L. Green preparation of quaternized vinylimidazole-based anion exchange membrane by photopolymerization. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Pan J, Wei B, Xie H, Feng J, Liao S, Li X, Yu Y. Hexyl-modified series-connected bipyridine and DABCO di-cations functionalized anion exchange membranes for electrodialysis desalination. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Sarapulova V, Pismenskaya N, Titorova V, Sharafan M, Wang Y, Xu T, Zhang Y, Nikonenko V. Transport Characteristics of CJMAED™ Homogeneous Anion Exchange Membranes in Sodium Chloride and Sodium Sulfate Solutions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1415. [PMID: 33572516 PMCID: PMC7866833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between the ion exchange capacity, water content and concentration dependences of conductivity, diffusion permeability, and counterion transport numbers (counterion permselectivity) of CJMA-3, CJMA-6 and CJMA-7 (Hefei Chemjoy Polymer Materials Co. Ltd., China) anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) is analyzed using the application of the microheterogeneous model to experimental data. The structure-properties relationship for these membranes is examined when they are bathed by NaCl and Na2SO4 solutions. These results are compared with the characteristics of the well-studied homogenous Neosepta AMX (ASTOM Corporation, Japan) and heterogeneous AMH-PES (Mega a.s., Czech Republic) anion-exchange membranes. It is found that the CJMA-6 membrane has the highest counterion permselectivity (chlorides, sulfates) among the CJMAED series membranes, very close to that of the AMX membrane. The CJMA-3 membrane has the transport characteristics close to the AMH-PES membrane. The CJMA-7 membrane has the lowest exchange capacity and the highest volume fraction of the intergel spaces filled with an equilibrium electroneutral solution. These properties predetermine the lowest counterion transport number in CJMA-7 among other investigated AEMs, which nevertheless does not fall below 0.87 even in 1.0 eq L-1 solutions of NaCl or Na2SO4. One of the reasons for the decrease in the permselectivity of CJMAED membranes is the extended macropores, which are localized at the ion-exchange material/reinforcing cloth boundaries. In relatively concentrated solutions, the electric current prefers to pass through these well-conductive but nonselective macropores rather than the highly selective but low-conductive elements of the gel phase. It is shown that the counterion permselectivity of the CJMA-7 membrane can be significantly improved by coating its surface with a dense homogeneous ion-exchange film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Sarapulova
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia; (V.S.); (N.P.); (V.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Natalia Pismenskaya
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia; (V.S.); (N.P.); (V.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Valentina Titorova
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia; (V.S.); (N.P.); (V.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Mikhail Sharafan
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia; (V.S.); (N.P.); (V.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Yaoming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (Y.W.); (T.X.)
| | - Tongwen Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (Y.W.); (T.X.)
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhenzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, China;
| | - Victor Nikonenko
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia; (V.S.); (N.P.); (V.T.); (M.S.)
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