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McIntosh LA, Burns JD, Tereshatov EE, Muzzioli R, Hagel K, Jinadu NA, McCann LA, Picayo GA, Pisaneschi F, Piwnica-Worms D, Schultz SJ, Tabacaru GC, Abbott A, Green B, Hankins T, Hannaman A, Harvey B, Lofton K, Rider R, Sorensen M, Tabacaru A, Tobin Z, Yennello SJ. Production, isolation, and shipment of clinically relevant quantities of astatine-211: A simple and efficient approach to increasing supply. Nucl Med Biol 2023; 126-127:108387. [PMID: 37837782 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2023.108387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
The alpha emitter astatine-211 (211At) is a promising candidate for cancer treatment based on Targeted Alpha (α) Therapy (TAT). A small number of facilities, distributed across the United States, are capable of accelerating α-particle beams to produce 211At. However, challenges remain regarding strategic methods for shipping 211At in a form adaptable to advanced radiochemistry reactions and other uses of the radioisotope. PURPOSE Our method allows shipment of 211At in various quantities in a form convenient for further radiochemistry. PROCEDURES For this study, a 3-octanone impregnated Amberchrom CG300M resin bed in a column cartridge was used to separate 211At from the bismuth matrix on site at the production accelerator (Texas A&M) in preparation for shipping. Aliquots of 6 M HNO3 containing up to ≈2.22 GBq of 211At from the dissolved target were successfully loaded and retained on columns. Exempt packages (<370 MBq) were shipped to a destination radiochemistry facility, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, in the form of a convenient air-dried column. Type A packages have been shipped overnight to University of Alabama at Birmingham. MAIN FINDINGS Air-dried column hold times of various lengths did not inhibit simple and efficient recovery of 211At. Solution eluted from the column was sufficiently high in specific activity to successfully radiolabel a model compound, 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)aniline (1), with 211At. The method to prepare and ship 211At described in this manuscript has also been used to ship larger quantities of 211At a greater distance to University of Alabama at Birmingham. PRINCIPAL CONCLUSIONS The successful proof of this method paves the way for the distribution of 211At from Texas A&M University to research institutions and clinical oncology centers in Texas and elsewhere. Use of this simple method at other facilities has the potential increase the overall availability of 211At for preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A McIntosh
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Jonathan D Burns
- Chemistry Department, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35924, USA.
| | | | - Riccardo Muzzioli
- Department of Cancer System Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kris Hagel
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Noimat A Jinadu
- Chemistry Department, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35924, USA
| | - Laura A McCann
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Gabriela A Picayo
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Federica Pisaneschi
- Department of Cancer System Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases (IMM) at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA
| | - David Piwnica-Worms
- Department of Cancer System Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Steven J Schultz
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Gabriel C Tabacaru
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Austin Abbott
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Brooklyn Green
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Travis Hankins
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Andrew Hannaman
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Bryan Harvey
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Physics Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Kylie Lofton
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Robert Rider
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Maxwell Sorensen
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Alexandra Tabacaru
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Zachary Tobin
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Sherry J Yennello
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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2
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Zhu J, Wang G, Zhu W, Ou L, Zheng L, Zhang J, Chen J, Pan J, Wang R. Efficient Separation and Purification Method for Recovering Valuable Elements from Bismuth Telluride Refrigeration Chip Waste. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:39222-39232. [PMID: 37901560 PMCID: PMC10601438 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Bismuth telluride and its alloys are widely utilized in thermoelectric refrigeration and power generation devices. Waste bismuth telluride-based cooling chips contain valuable elements; however, recycling processes for these materials remain underdeveloped due to their complexity. In this study, we developed a concise and efficient chemical method that does not require expensive reagents or equipment, enabling the separation and purification of tellurium, bismuth, selenium, and antimony from waste bismuth telluride-based cooling chips. Initially, the waste was leached with HCl and NaClO3 to dissolve primary elements and recover 99.9% of selenium using hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Subsequently, Na2S and NaOH were employed for precipitation and leaching, resulting in a solution containing tellurium. The precipitated residue was treated with HNO3 to oxidize antimony into insoluble SbOHN and dissolve bismuth completely. 99.8% of the bismuth telluride waste was dissolved via oxidative leaching through hydrolysis. A small amount of sodium sulfide reduced the precipitation percentage of tellurium from 11.9% to 7.5% in an alkaline solution, and the direct recovery percentage of tellurium in the form of TeO2 exceeded 90%, while the purity of TeO2 reached 99.9%. By adjusting the pH of the bismuth solution to 0.15, 98.9% of the bismuth was able to precipitate and be recovered as BiOCl, with the purity also reaching 99.9%. In summary, this study presents an efficient hydrometallurgical method for treating bismuth telluride waste and provides theoretical guidance for reagent dosage, demonstrating the significant potential for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangling Zhu
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan
University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Gang Wang
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan
University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wenjun Zhu
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan
University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Linrui Ou
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan
University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Faulty
of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan
University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jinwei Chen
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan
University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jingong Pan
- CNBM
(Chengdu) Optoelectronic Material Co., LTD., Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan
University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Liu L, Maurice R, Galland N, Moisy P, Champion J, Montavon G. Pourbaix Diagram of Astatine Revisited: Experimental Investigations. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:13462-13470. [PMID: 35977097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Pourbaix diagram of an element displays its stable chemical forms with respect to the redox potential and pH of the solution, whose knowledge is fundamental for understanding and anticipating the chemistry of the element in a specified solution. Unlike most halogens, the Pourbaix diagram in the aqueous phase for astatine (At, Z = 85) is still under construction. In particular, the predominant domains of two astatine species assumed to exist under alkaline conditions, At- and AtO(OH)2-, need to be refined. Through high-performance ion-exchange chromatography, electromobility measurements, and competition experiments, the existence of At- and AtO(OH)2- has been confirmed and the associated standard potential has been determined for the first time (0.86 ± 0.05 V vs the standard hydrogen electrode). On the basis of these results, a revised version of astatine's Pourbaix diagram is proposed, covering the three oxidation states of astatine that exist in the thermodynamic stability range of water: At(-I), At(I), and At(III) (as At-, At+, AtO+, AtO(OH), and AtO(OH)2-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS, SUBATECH, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Rémi Maurice
- IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS, SUBATECH, F-44000 Nantes, France.,Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Nicolas Galland
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Moisy
- CEA, DES, ISEC, DMRC, Univ Montpellier, F-30207 Marcoule, France
| | - Julie Champion
- IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS, SUBATECH, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Gilles Montavon
- IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS, SUBATECH, F-44000 Nantes, France
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Burns JD, Tereshatov EE, Zhang B, Tabacaru GC, McIntosh LA, Schultz SJ, McCann LA, Harvey BM, Hannaman A, Lofton KN, Sorensen MQ, Vonder Haar AL, Hall MB, Yennello SJ. Complexation of Astatine(III) with Ketones: Roles of NO 3– Counterion and Exploration of Possible Binding Modes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:12087-12096. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Burns
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Evgeny E. Tereshatov
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Gabriel C. Tabacaru
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Lauren A. McIntosh
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Steven J. Schultz
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Laura A. McCann
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Bryan M. Harvey
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Andrew Hannaman
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Kylie N. Lofton
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Maxwell Q. Sorensen
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Amy L. Vonder Haar
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Michael B. Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Sherry J. Yennello
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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