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Yanar N, Park S, Yang E, Choi H. Surface Fouling Characterization Methods for Polymeric Membranes Using a Short Experimental Study. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2124. [PMID: 39125150 PMCID: PMC11314550 DOI: 10.3390/polym16152124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Membrane surface fouling has always been a critical issue for the long-term operation of polymeric membranes. Therefore, it is crucial to develop new approaches to prevent fouling. While developing new approaches, characterization methods are greatly important for understanding the distribution of fouling on the membrane surface. In this work, a cellulose acetate membrane was fouled by the filtration of artificial wastewater based on alginate. The surfaces of fouled membranes were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and white light interferometry (WLI). The results were then compared in terms of the resolution, accuracy, feasibility, and cost-efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Numan Yanar
- R&D Center, NAiEEL Technology, 6-2 Yuseongdaero 1205, Daejeon 34104, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinyun Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Eunmok Yang
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea;
| | - Heechul Choi
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea;
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2
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Xiong Q, Zhang L, Zhu Z, Xu G, Jing J, Zhang W, Zhang C, Ye X. Polypyrrole-Modified Nanocellulose Exhibits Superior Performance for Hg(II) Adsorption. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2735. [PMID: 37376382 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose, a kind of polymer containing abundant functional groups, has widespread use in the adsorptive removal of environmental pollutants. An efficient and environmental friendly polypyrrole (PPy) coating approach is employed to modify the agricultural by-product straw derived cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) into excellent property adsorbents for removing the heavy metal ion of Hg(II). The FT-IR and SEM-EDS results demonstrated that PPy is formed on the surface of CNC. Consequently, the adsorption measurements proved that the obtained PPy-modified CNC (CNC@PPy) possesses a remarkably enhanced Hg(II) adsorption capacity of 1095 mg g-1, owing to a plentiful functional group of doped Cl element on the surface of CNC@PPy by forming Hg2Cl2 precipitate. The results of the study suggest that the Freundlich model is more effective than the Langmuir model at describing the isotherms, while the pseudo-second order kinetic model is better suited to correlating with the experimental data compared to the pseudo-first order model. Further, the CNC@PPy exhibits an outstanding reusability, capable of maintaining 82.3% of its original Hg(II) adsorption capacity after five successive adsorption cycles. The findings of this work reveal a method to convert the agricultural by-product into high performance environmental remediation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhong Xiong
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zijun Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jianyuan Jing
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chaochun Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xinxin Ye
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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Plisko T, Burts K, Penkova A, Dmitrenko M, Kuzminova A, Ermakov S, Bildyukevich A. Effect of the Addition of Polyacrylic Acid of Different Molecular Weights to Coagulation Bath on the Structure and Performance of Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membranes. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071664. [PMID: 37050278 PMCID: PMC10097043 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane fouling is a serious issue in membrane technology which cannot be completely avoided but can be diminished. The perspective technique of membrane modification is the introduction of hydrophilic polymers or polyelectrolytes into the coagulation bath during membrane preparation via non-solvent-induced phase separation. The influence of polyacrylic acid (PAA) molecular weight (100,000, 250,000 and 450,000 g·mol−1) added to the aqueous coagulation bath (0.4–2.0 wt.%) on the polysulfone membrane structure, surface roughness, water contact angle and zeta potential of the selective layer, as well as the separation and antifouling performance, was systematically studied. It was found that membranes obtained via the addition of PAA with higher molecular weight feature smaller pore size and porosity, extremely high hydrophilicity and higher values of negative charge of membrane surface. It was shown that the increase in PAA concentration from 0.4 wt.% to 2.0 wt.% for all studied PAA molecular weights yielded a substantial decrease in water contact angle compared with the reference membrane (65 ± 2°) (from 27 ± 2° to 17 ± 2° for PAA with Mn = 100,000 g·mol−1; from 25 ± 2° to 16 ± 2° for PAA with Mn = 250,000 g·mol−1; and from 19 ± 2° to 10 ± 2° for PAA with Mn = 450,000 g·mol−1). An increase in PAA molecular weight from 100,000 to 450,000 g·mol−1 led to a decrease in membrane permeability, an increase in rejection and tailoring excellent antifouling performance in the ultrafiltration of humic acid solutions. The fouling recovery ratio increased from 73% for the reference membrane up to 91%, 100% and 136% for membranes modified with the addition to the coagulation bath of 1.5 wt.% of PAA with molecular weights of 100,000 g·mol−1, 250,000 g·mol−1 and 450,000 g·mol−1, respectively. Overall, the addition of PAA of different molecular weights to the coagulation bath is an efficient tool to adjust membrane separation and antifouling properties for different separation tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Plisko
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Katsiaryna Burts
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia Penkova
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mariia Dmitrenko
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna Kuzminova
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey Ermakov
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexandr Bildyukevich
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
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Koyama H, Mori T, Nagai K, Shimamoto S. Exploration of advanced cellulosic material for membrane filtration with outstanding antifouling property. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7490-7502. [PMID: 36908546 PMCID: PMC9993463 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08165b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Membranes, at times, have issues due to membrane fouling. The membrane fouling leads to performance deterioration and poses a potential to clog the membrane. Here we present experimental works carried out with emphasis on the antifouling properties, chlorine resistance, and mechanical properties of cellulose triacetate (CTA) and cellulose esters. We present that antifouling performance of cellulose esters evaluated by means of the VCG theory decreases with increasing carbon number in the substituent because of the high electron-donating nature of short aliphatic ester groups. When a long aliphatic ester group is required in terms of other properties such as resistance to chlorine, introducing it together with another substituent with an electron-donating nature such as an ethylene glycol moiety may strike a balance between antifouling and other performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Koyama
- Business Development Center, Innovation and Business Development Headquarters, Daicel Corporation Japan.,Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University Japan
| | - Taro Mori
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University Japan.,Biomass Innovation Center, Daicel Corporation Japan
| | - Kanji Nagai
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University Japan.,Life Sciences R&D Center, CPI Company, Daicel Corporation Japan
| | - Shu Shimamoto
- Business Development Center, Innovation and Business Development Headquarters, Daicel Corporation Japan.,Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University Japan
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Rodríguez MDP, Vázquez‐Vélez E, Galván‐Hernández A, Martinez H, Torres A. Surface modification of the Nylon 6,6 and wasted glass fiber‐Nylon 6.6 coatings using atmospheric plasma treatment. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María del Pilar Rodríguez
- Instituto de Ciencias Físicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuernavaca Morelos México
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería (FCQeI) UAEMor Cuernavaca Mexico
| | - Edna Vázquez‐Vélez
- Instituto de Ciencias Físicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuernavaca Morelos México
| | - Arturo Galván‐Hernández
- Instituto de Ciencias Físicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuernavaca Morelos México
| | - Horacio Martinez
- Instituto de Ciencias Físicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuernavaca Morelos México
| | - Alvaro Torres
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería (FCQeI) UAEMor Cuernavaca Mexico
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Wang A, Xu H, Fu J, Lin T, Ma J, Ding M, Gao L. Enhanced high-salinity brines treatment using polyamide nanofiltration membrane with tunable interlayered MXene channel. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:158434. [PMID: 36075431 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The introduce of a nanomaterial interlayer between the substrate and polyamide is identified as a promising strategy to construct highly performed membranes. Two-dimensional (2D) materials are potential candidates as interlayer for advanced thin-film nanocomposite interlayer (TFNi) membranes. Nevertheless, low permeability, selectivity and long-term stability are still critical issues in TFNi membrane manufacture. Herein, a scalable approach for constructing TFNi membranes was implemented using stacked MXene nanosheets as interlayer, wherein the Fe3O4 nanoparticles worked as the sacrificial template to regulate the interlayer spacing of the 2D channels. SEM, XPS, water contact angle, and zeta potential were used to characterize the physical and chemical properties of prepared TFNi membranes, and the results shows that the presence of MXene interlayer increased the hydrophilicity, thinness and roughness of polyamide layer compared to that of pure TFC membranes. Besides, the enlarged interlayer channel after the sacrifice of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles greatly boosted the transport of the water molecules. The resultant membranes exhibited nearly double fold of water flux (66.4 ± 3.45 L·m-2·h-1) and higher selective separation factor (48.4) compared with those prepared without interlayer, while the outstanding salt rejection (>97 %) was maintained. This work achieves an innovative strategy for multifunctional polyamide nanofiltration membrane construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Hang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Jiawei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Mingmei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Li Gao
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia
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Chen Y, Cohen Y. Calcium Sulfate and Calcium Carbonate Scaling of Thin-Film Composite Polyamide Reverse Osmosis Membranes with Surface-Tethered Polyacrylic Acid Chains. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1287. [PMID: 36557193 PMCID: PMC9783167 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12121287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The gypsum and calcite scaling propensities of the thin-film composite polyamide (PA-TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membrane, modified with a tethered surface layer of polyacrylic acid (PAA) chains, was evaluated and compared to the scaling of selected commercial RO membranes. The tethered PAA layer was synthesized onto a commercial polyamide membrane (i.e., base-PA) via atmospheric pressure plasma-induced graft polymerization (APPIGP). The PAA nano-structured (SNS) base-PA membrane (SNS-PAA-PA) was scaled to a lesser degree, as quantified by a lower permeate flux decline and surface imaging, relative to the tested commercial membranes (Dow SW30, Toray SWRO, and BWRO). The cleaning of gypsum-scaled membranes with D.I. water flushing achieved 100% water permeability recovery for both the SNS-PAA-PA and Dow SW30 membranes, relative to 92-98% permeability restoration for the Toray membranes. The calcium carbonate scaling of SNS-PAA-PA membranes was also lower relative to the commercial membranes, but permeability recovery after D.I. water cleaning was somewhat lower (94%) but consistent with the level of surface scale coverage. In contrast, the calcite and gypsum-scaled membrane areas of the commercial membranes post-cleaning were significantly higher than for the SNS-PAA-PA membrane but with 100% permeability recovery, suggesting the potential for membrane damage when mineral scaling is severe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yian Chen
- Water Technology Research Center, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Renewable Resources & Enabling Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Yoram Cohen
- Water Technology Research Center, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Jia X, Cheng Q, Tang T, Xia M, Zhou F, Wu Y, Cheng P, Xu J, Liu K, Wang D. Facile plasma grafting of zwitterions onto nanofibrous membrane surface for improved antifouling properties and filtration performance. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Huang S, Chen Y, Wang X, Guo J, Li Y, Dai L, Li S, Zhang S. Preparation of antifouling ultrafiltration membranes from copolymers of polysulfone and zwitterionic poly(arylene ether sulfone)s. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2022.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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