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Wang JY, Tsai YF, Wang TH, Wang SJ. Relieving patent-eligibility barriers in biotech with a preparation or treatment method. Nat Biotechnol 2022; 40:651-653. [PMID: 35577940 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jir-You Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Hsiang Wang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Jen Wang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Rehabilitation and Technical Aids Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Wang Z, Cheng L, Wei X, Cai B, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Liao L, Zhao XZ. High-throughput isolation of fetal nucleated red blood cells by multifunctional microsphere-assisted inertial microfluidics. Biomed Microdevices 2020; 22:75. [PMID: 33079273 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-020-00531-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Being easy, safe and reliable, non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) has been greatly pursued in recent years. Holding the complete genetic information of the fetus, fetal nucleated red blood cells (fNRBCs) are viewed as a suitable target for NIPD application. However, effective separating fNRBCs from maternal peripheral blood for clinic use still faces great challenges, given that fNRBCs are extremely rare in maternal blood circulation. Here, by combining the high-throughput inertial microfluidic chip with multifunctional microspheres as size amplification, we develop a novel method to isolate fNRBCs with high performance. To enlarge the size difference between fNRBCs and normal blood cells, we use the gelatin coated microspheres to capture fNRBCs with anti-CD147 as specific recognizer at first. The size difference between fNRBCs captured by the microspheres and normal blood cells makes it easy to purify the captured fNRBCs through the spiral microfluidic chip. Finally, the purified fNRBCs are mildly released from the microspheres by enzymatically degrading the gelatin coating. Cell capture efficiency about 81%, high purity of 83%, as well as cell release viability over 80% were achieved using spiked samples by this approach. Additionally, fNRBCs were successfully detected from peripheral blood of pregnant women with an average of 24 fNRBCs per mL, suggesting the great potential of this method for clinical non-invasive prenatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Bo Cai
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yuanzhen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Liao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Xing-Zhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Shafei N, Hakhamaneshi MS, Houshmand M, Gerayeshnejad S, Fathi F, Sharifzadeh S. Diagnostic Value of Non-Invasive Prenatal Screening of β-thalassemia by Cell Free Fetal DNA and Fetal NRBC. Curr Mol Med 2020; 19:105-111. [PMID: 30813874 DOI: 10.2174/1566524019666190226124135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beta thalassemia is a common disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance. The most prenatal diagnostic methods are the invasive techniques that have the risk of miscarriage. Now the non-invasive methods will be gradually alternative for these invasive techniques. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the diagnostic value of two non-invasive diagnostic methods for fetal thalassemia using cell free fetal DNA (cff-DNA) and nucleated RBC (NRBC) in one sampling community. METHODS 10 ml of blood was taken in two k3EDTA tube from 32 pregnant women (mean of gestational age = 11 weeks), who themselves and their husbands had minor thalassemia. One tube was used to enrich NRBC and other was used for cff-DNA extraction. NRBCs were isolated by MACS method and immunohistochemistry; the genome of stained cells was amplified by multiple displacement amplification (MDA) procedure. These products were used as template in b-globin segments PCR. cff-DNA was extracted by THP method and 300 bp areas were recovered from the agarose gel as fetus DNA. These DNA were used as template in touch down PCR to amplify b-globin gen. The amplified b-globin segments were sequenced and the results compared with CVS resul. RESULTS The data showed that sensitivity and specificity of thalassemia diagnosis by NRBC were 100% and 92% respectively and sensitivity and specificity of thalassemia diagnosis by cff-DNA were 100% and 84% respectively. CONCLUSION These methods with high sensitivity can be used as screening test but due to their lower specificity than CVS, they cannot be used as diagnostic test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Shafei
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | - Massoud Houshmand
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavash Gerayeshnejad
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Fathi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Sardar Sharifzadeh
- PhD student, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Wei X, Ao Z, Cheng L, He Z, Huang Q, Cai B, Rao L, Meng Q, Wang Z, Sun Y, Liu W, Zhang Y, Guo S, Guo F, Zhao XZ. Highly sensitive and rapid isolation of fetal nucleated red blood cells with microbead-based selective sedimentation for non-invasive prenatal diagnostics. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:434001. [PMID: 30087212 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aad8c4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive prenatal diagnostics (NIPD) has been an emerging field for prenatal diagnosis research. Carrying the whole genome coding of the fetus, fetal nucleated red blood cells (FNRBCs) have been pursued as a surrogate biomarker traveling around in maternal blood. Here, by combining a unique microbead-based centrifugal separation and enzymatic release, we demonstrated a novel method for FNRBC isolation from the blood samples. First, the gelatin-coated silica microbeads were modified with FNRBC-specific antibody (anti-CD147) to capture the target cells in the blood samples. Then, the density difference between microbead-bound FNRBCs and normal blood cells enables the purification of FNRBCs via an improved high-density percoll-based separation. The non-invasive release of FNRBCs can then be achieved by enzymatically degrading the gelatin film on the surface of the microbeads, allowing a gentle release of the captured target cells with as high as 84% efficiency and ∼80% purity. We further applied it to isolate fetal cells from maternal peripheral blood. The released cells were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction to verify their fetal origin and fluorescent in situ hybridization to detect fetal chromosome disorders. This straightforward and reliable alternative platform for FNRBC detection may have the potential for realizing facile NIPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
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5
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Zhang J, Zhang B. Second-generation non-invasive high-throughput DNA sequencing technology in the screening of Down's syndrome in advanced maternal age women. Biomed Rep 2016; 4:715-718. [PMID: 27313855 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of using non-invasive DNA testing technology in screening Down's syndrome among women of advanced maternal age (AMA) and to provide evidence for prenatal screening of Down's syndrome. With a double-blind design, 8 ml of peripheral venous blood samples were collected from 87 women aged ≥35 years after 12 weeks of pregnancy. All cases were recorded with unique identification cards with clinical details and followed up until delivery. All the non-invasive prenatal testing results were confirmed by amniotic fluid fetal karyotyping (the gold standard of aneuploidy test), follow-up examination by neonatologists or neonatal blood karyotyping. The sensitivity, specificity and other indicators of non-invasive DNA testing technology were calculated based on the data of 87 women of AMA. Among the 87 women of AMA, 5 were cases with abnormal numbers of chromosomes (3 cases of trisomy 21, 1 case of trisomy 18 and 1 case of 47, XXX). The sensitivity and specificity reached 100% for trisomy 21, trisomy 18 and 47, XXX. The present study supports that non-invasive DNA testing is a useful method of AMA screening of Down's syndrome with 100% accuracy. Therefore, it can be used as an important alternative screening method for Down's syndrome in women of AMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhang
- Obstetrics Department, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Obstetrics Department, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of β-thalassemia by detection of the cell-free fetal DNA in maternal circulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Hematol 2016; 95:1341-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-016-2620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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LaBreche HG, Sebastian S. A Proof-of-Concept Case Study for Personalized Noninvasive Prenatal Diagnosis: Can We Put It to Work? J Mol Diagn 2015. [PMID: 26213319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This commentary highlights the article by van den Oever et al that describes a new method of prenatal diagnosis of single-mutation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather G LaBreche
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Siby Sebastian
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
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Gregg AR, Van den Veyver IB, Gross SJ, Madankumar R, Rink BD, Norton ME. Noninvasive prenatal screening by next-generation sequencing. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2014; 15:327-47. [PMID: 24849140 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-090413-025341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS) has emerged as a highly accurate method of screening for fetal Down syndrome, with a detection rate and specificity approaching 100%. Challenging the widespread use of this technology are cost and the paradigm shift in counseling that accompanies any emerging technology. The expense of the test is expected to decrease with increased utilization, and well beyond the current NIPS technology, its components (fetal genome measurements, sequencing technology, and bioinformatics) will be utilized alone or in combinations to interrogate the fetal genome. The end goal is simple: to offer patients information early in pregnancy about fetal genomes without incurring procedural risks. This will allow patients an opportunity to make informed reproductive and pregnancy management decisions based on precise fetal genomic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Gregg
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610;
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Intrauterine Diagnosis of Genodermatoses. CURRENT DERMATOLOGY REPORTS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13671-013-0060-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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10
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Holmberg RC, Gindlesperger A, Stokes T, Lopez D, Hyman L, Freed M, Belgrader P, Harvey J, Li Z. Akonni TruTip(®) and Qiagen(®) methods for extraction of fetal circulating DNA--evaluation by real-time and digital PCR. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73068. [PMID: 23936545 PMCID: PMC3735556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the low percentage of fetal DNA present in maternal plasma (< 10%) during early gestation, efficient extraction processes are required for successful downstream detection applications in non-invasive prenatal diagnostic testing. In this study, two extraction methods using similar chemistries but different workflows were compared for isolation efficiency and percent fetal DNA recovery. The Akonni Biosystems TruTip technology uses a binding matrix embedded in a pipette tip; the Circulating Nucleic Acids Kit from Qiagen employs a spin column approach. The TruTip method adds an extra step to decrease the recovery of DNA fragments larger than 600 bp from the sample to yield an overall higher percentage of smaller molecular weight DNA, effectively enriching for fetal DNA. In this evaluation, three separate extraction comparison studies were performed - a dilution series of fragmented DNA in plasma, a set of clinical maternal samples, and a blood collection tube time point study of maternal samples. Both extraction methods were found to efficiently extract small fragment DNA from large volumes of plasma. In the amended samples, the TruTip extraction method was ~15% less efficient with overall DNA recovery, but yielded an 87% increase in % fetal DNA relative to the Qiagen method. The average percent increase of fetal DNA of TruTip extracted samples compared to the Qiagen method was 55% for all sets of blinded clinical samples. A study comparing extraction efficiencies from whole blood samples incubated up to 48 hours prior to processing into plasma resulted in more consistent % fetal DNA recoveries using TruTip. The extracted products were tested on two detection platforms, quantitative real-time PCR and droplet digital PCR, and yielded similar results for both extraction methods.
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Papageorgiou EA, Patsalis PC. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidies: new technologies and clinical applications. Genome Med 2012; 4:46. [PMID: 22640877 PMCID: PMC3506912 DOI: 10.1186/gm345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) has substantial medical importance as it targets the development of safer and more effective methods to avoid the risk of fetal loss associated with currently used invasive methods. Several approaches have been demonstrated as being proof-of concept for NIPD of chromosomal aneuploidies. These approaches include cell-based and cell-free detection methods, involving the investigation of fetal cells in the maternal circulation, formaldehyde treatment of maternal plasma, DNA methylation studies using sodium bisulfite or restriction enzymes, protein-based studies, identification of fetal-specific mRNAs and digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approaches, and recently next-generation sequencing and methylated DNA immunoprecipitation real-time quantitative PCR-based approaches. Although all these NIPD methods have both advantages and limitations, some are moving closer to clinical implementation. Biotechnology companies dedicated to the development of NIPD tests such as the sequencing- or methylation-based approaches are finalizing large clinical trials. It is expected that these new technologies will facilitate safer, more sensitive and accurate prenatal diagnostic tests in the near future. In this review, we highlight the most recent advances in methods for NIPD of aneuploidies, and we discuss their future implications in clinical practice.
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Brinch M, Hatt L, Singh R, Møller K, Sommer S, Uldbjerg N, Christensen B, Kølvraa S. Identification of circulating fetal cell markers by microarray analysis. Prenat Diagn 2012; 32:742-51. [PMID: 22570279 DOI: 10.1002/pd.3894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Different fetal cell types have been found in the maternal blood during pregnancy in the past, but fetal cells are scarce, and the proportions of the different cell types are unclear. The objective of the present study was to identify specific fetal cell markers from fetal cells found in the maternal blood circulation at the end of the first trimester. METHOD Twenty-three fetal cells were isolated from maternal blood by removing the red blood cells by lysis or combining this with removal of large proportions of maternal white blood cells by magnetic-activated cell sorting. Fetal cells identified by XY fluorescence in situ hybridization and confirmed by reverse-color fluorescence in situ hybridization were shot off microscope slides by laser capture microdissection. The expression pattern of a subset of expressed genes was compared between fetal cells and maternal blood cells using stem cell microarray analysis. RESULTS Twenty-eight genes were identified as fetal cell marker candidates. CONCLUSION Of the 28 fetal marker candidate genes, five coded for proteins, which are located on the outer surface of the cell membrane and not expressed in blood. The protein product of these five genes, MMP14, MCAM, KCNQ4, CLDN6, and F3, may be used as markers for fetal cell enrichment.
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Geigl J, Speicher M. Nichtinvasive molekulargenetische Methoden in der pränatalen Diagnostik. MED GENET-BERLIN 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11825-011-0304-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Seit vielen Jahren wird an der Entwicklung nichtinvasiver pränataler Untersuchungen gearbeitet, um die Risiken für den Fetus bei der traditionellen Amniozentese oder Choriozottenbiopsie zu umgehen. Bis vor Kurzem waren die meisten Ansätze extrem aufwendig und nur auf ausgewählte Fragestellungen limitiert, sodass sie nicht über einen „Proof-of-principle-Status“ hinauskamen. Dies hat sich durch Einführung neuer Sequenzierverfahren grundlegend geändert, weil erste Studien belegten, dass fetale Aneuploidien aus mütterlicher Plasma-DNA korrekt identifiziert werden können. Darüber hinaus erlauben diese Techniken auch den Mutationsstatus des Fetus zu erheben, sodass sich einerseits in der pränatalen Diagnostik ganz neue Möglichkeiten ergeben, die andererseits aber auch mit erheblichen ethischen Herausforderungen verbunden sind. In dieser Übersicht wird die Entwicklung zu diesen neuen Verfahren dargestellt.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.B. Geigl
- Aff1_304 grid.11598.34 0000000089882476 Institut für Humangenetik Medizinische Universität Graz Harrachgasse 21/8 8010 Graz Österreich
| | - M.R. Speicher
- Aff1_304 grid.11598.34 0000000089882476 Institut für Humangenetik Medizinische Universität Graz Harrachgasse 21/8 8010 Graz Österreich
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Traeger-Synodinos J, Vrettou C, Kanavakis E. Prenatal, noninvasive and preimplantation genetic diagnosis of inherited disorders: hemoglobinopathies. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2011; 11:299-312. [PMID: 21463239 DOI: 10.1586/erm.11.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Disorders of hemoglobin synthesis have been used as a prototype for the development of most approaches for prenatal diagnosis (PND). PND for hemoglobinopathies based on molecular analysis of trophoblast or amniocyte DNA has accumulated approximately 30 years of experience. Disadvantages with conventional PND include 'invasive' fetal sampling and the need to terminate affected ongoing pregnancies. New developments are directed towards improving both the timing and/or safety of procedures. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis, an established procedure with 20 years of clinical application, avoids the need to terminate affected pregnancies through the identification and selective transfer of unaffected in vitro fertilization embryos. Approaches towards 'noninvasive' PND, through analyzing fetal cells or free fetal DNA present in the circulation of pregnant women, are a focus of ongoing research. Overall, PND, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (and potentially 'noninvasive' PND) represent valuable reproductive options for couples at risk of having a child affected with a severe inherited disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Traeger-Synodinos
- Department of Medical Genetics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, St Sophia's Children's Hospital, Athens 11527, Greece.
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Huang Z, Fong CY, Gauthaman K, Sukumar P, Choolani M, Bongso A. Novel approaches to manipulating foetal cells in the maternal circulation for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of the unborn child. J Cell Biochem 2011; 112:1475-85. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.23084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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16
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Yi P, Chen Z, Yu L, Zheng Y, Liu G, Xie H, Zhou Y, Zheng X, Han J, Li L. Development of a PCR/LDR/capillary electrophoresis assay with potential for the detection of a beta-thalassemia fetal mutation in maternal plasma. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2010; 23:920-7. [DOI: 10.3109/14767050903387060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Litton C, Stone J, Eddleman K, Lee MJ. Noninvasive Prenatal Diagnosis: Past, Present, and Future. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 76:521-8. [DOI: 10.1002/msj.20153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Hahn S, Jackson LG, Kolla V, Mahyuddin AP, Choolani M. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of fetal aneuploidies and Mendelian disorders: new innovative strategies. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2009; 9:613-21. [PMID: 19732005 DOI: 10.1586/erm.09.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The application of recent technical developments, such as digital PCR or shot-gun sequencing, for the analysis of cell-free fetal DNA, have indicated that the long-sought goal of the noninvasive detection of Down syndrome may finally be attained. Although these methods are still cumbersome and not high throughput, they provide a paradigm shift in prenatal diagnosis, as they could effectively pronounce the end of invasive procedures, such as amniocentesis or chorionic villous sampling for the detection of such fetal anomalies. However, it remains to be determined how suitable these approaches are for the detection of more subtle fetal genetic alterations, such as those involved in hereditary Mendelian disorders (e.g., thalassemia and cystic fibrosis). New technical developments, such as microfluidics and reliable automated scanning microscopes, have indicated that it may be possible to efficiently retrieve and examine circulating fetal cells. As these contain the entire genomic complement of the fetus, future developments may include the noninvasive determination of the fetal karyotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinuhe Hahn
- University Women's Hospital/Department of Biomedicine, Hebelstrasse 20, CH 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
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Zhong XY, Holzgreve W. MALDI-TOF MS in Prenatal Genomics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 36:263-272. [PMID: 21049077 DOI: 10.1159/000223098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal diagnosis aims either to provide the reassurance to the couples at risk of having an affected child by timely appropriate therapy or to give the parents a chance to decide the fate of the unborn babies with health problems. Invasive prenatal diagnosis (IPD) is accurate, however, carrying a risk of miscarriage. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) has been developed based on the existing of fetal genetic materials in maternal circulation; however, a minority fetal DNA in majority maternal background DNA hinders the detections of fetal traits. Different protocols and assays, such as homogenous MassEXTEND (hME), single allele base extension reaction (SABER), precise measuring copy number variation of each allele, and quantitative methylation and expression analysis using the high-throughput sensitive matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), allow NIPD for single gene disorders, fetal blood group genotyping and fetal aneuploidies as well as the development of fetal gender-independent biomarkers in maternal circulation for management of pathological pregnancies. In this review, we summarise the use of MALDI-TOF MS in prenatal genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yan Zhong
- Laboratory for Prenatal Medicine and Gynaecological Oncology, University Women's Hospital /Department Research, University of Basel, Switzerland
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