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Mo Q, Liu Y, Wei H, Jiang L, Wu E, Lin L, Yang Q, Yu X, Yan L, Li Y. Salt Tolerance in Machilus faberi: Elucidating Growth and Physiological Adaptations to Saline Environments. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:75. [PMID: 38392294 PMCID: PMC10886294 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Adversity stress is the main environmental factor limiting plant growth and development, including salt and other stress factors. This study delves into the adaptability and salt tolerance mechanisms of Machilus faberi Hemsl, a species with potential for cultivation in salinized areas. We subjected the plants to various salt concentrations to observe their growth responses and to assess key physiological and biochemical indicators. The results revealed that under high salt concentrations (500 and 700 mmol-1/L), symptoms such as leaf yellowing, wilting, and eventual death were observed. Notably, plant height and shoot growth ceased on the 14th day of exposure. Chlorophyll content (a, b, total a + b, and the a/b ratio) initially increased but subsequently decreased under varying levels of salt stress. Similarly, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, leaf water content, and root activity significantly declined under these conditions. Moreover, we observed an increase in malondialdehyde levels and relative conductivity, indicative of cellular damage and stress. The activity of superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase initially increased and then diminished with prolonged stress, whereas peroxidase activity consistently increased. Levels of proline and soluble protein exhibited an upward trend, contrasting with the fluctuating pattern of soluble sugars, which decreased initially but increased subsequently. In conclusion, M. faberi exhibits a degree of tolerance to salt stress, albeit with growth limitations when concentrations exceed 300 mmol-1/L. These results shed light on the plant's mechanisms of responding to salt stress and provide a theoretical foundation for its cultivation and application in salt-affected regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Mo
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Botanical Garden, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha 410005, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha 410005, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Haohui Wei
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha 410005, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410128, China
| | | | - En Wu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha 410005, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ling Lin
- School of Economics, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qihong Yang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha 410005, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiaoying Yu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha 410005, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Lihong Yan
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Botanical Garden, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yanlin Li
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha 410005, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410128, China
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
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