The outcome of congenital cataract surgery in Kuwait

Outcomes of the infantile cataract surgery: case series with a 5-year follow-up

PURPOSE

To present the 5-year outcomes obtained from the infantile cataract surgery in pediatric population.

METHODS

Medical records of all patients with unilateral or bilateral infantile cataract who had undergone lensectomy and anterior vitrectomy with or without intraocular lens implantation before 10 years of age were evaluated. Patients with any history of ocular trauma, retinal or corneal dystrophy, ocular or orbital surgery, retinopathy of prematurity, raised intraocular pressure at the time of diagnosis, or incomplete follow-up sessions were excluded from the research.

RESULTS

A total of 85 eyes belonged to 52 patients were analyzed. Bilateral and unilateral diseases were present in 33 (63.5%) and 19 (36.5%) patients, respectively. After performing the first operation, 43 (50.6%) eyes still remained aphakic. The mean corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) of the aphakic and pseudophakic eyes was estimated as 0.77 ± 0.52 and 0.43 ± 0.39 logMAR with no statistical difference. The age at the time of performing the cataract surgery was not associated with the final CDVA in either group. Complications in the anterior segment structures were noted in 39 (45%) eyes. Strabismus and amblyopia were noted in 52 (61%) and 75 (88.2%) eyes, respectively. Glaucoma was found in 17 (20%) eyes with no correlation with the final CDVA, age at the time of cataract surgery, or the status of the lens.

CONCLUSION

Due to high prevalence rates of amblyopia, strabismus, and glaucoma after the infantile cataract surgery, specific attention should be paid to these complications in each follow-up examination.

Outcomes of cataract surgery in Microophthalmia

Objective

To find out outcomes of cataract surgery with Microophthalmia in children less than two years.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital, Karachi from January 2016 to August 2017. It included thirty micro ophthalmic eyes of infants with visually significant cataract of age less than two years who had cataract surgery without intraocular lens implantation. Axial length of globe was 19 mm or less in all thirty eyes of seventeen infants. in which thirteen infants had bilateral cataract and four had unilateral cataract.

Result

Thirty Simple Micro ophthalmic eyes from seventeen patients having visually significant congenital cataract were studied. Thirteen had bilateral cataract and four had unilateral cataract. Mean preoperative IOP was 9.0±1.2 mmHg and postoperative IOP after three months was 10.9±3.2 mmHg. Three patients had secondary capsular opacification 17.6%. Two patients had posterior synachae 11.8% after three months.

Conclusion

The results suggest that cataract surgery in simple microophthalmia is safe procedure. Postoperative complications in this study were within acceptable limits. Long term study with intraocular lens is required to confirm our observation.

Long-term visual outcome of congenital cataract at a Tertiary Referral Center from 2004 to 2014

Purpose

To assess the long-term visual acuity (VA) outcome after congenital cataract surgery at Imam Hossein Medical Center (Tertiary Referral Center) (2004–2014).

Methods

In this descriptive study, records of 120 patients with a history of congenital cataract surgery were studied. Those with traumatic, metabolic cataract, aged <5 years at the last visit who were not able to respond VA testing accurately and follow-up < 6 months were excluded. Cases with incomplete files were recalled and reexamined. Finally, the records of 42 patients (71 eyes) were included.

Results

In this study, 20 males and 22 females with a mean age of 11.80 ± 6 years at their last visit were studied. Bilateral and unilateral cataract was seen in 69% and 31% of cases, respectively. Posterior and anterior subcapsular opacity was the most common (53.70%) and rarest (1.90%) type of congenital cataract, respectively. The mean age at the time of operation and surgical interval was 65 ± 66.6 (range: 1–200) and 12.9 ± 23.5 (range: 0–96) months, respectively. The most common method of refractive error correction was pseudophakia plus glasses (56.3%) with the mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 0.29 ± 0.28 LogMAR., The mean BCVA was 0.7 ± 0.53 LogMAR for aphakic patients correcting by glasses. In our study, amblyopia (56%), glaucoma (23.90%), and posterior capsular opacity (16.40%) were observed during their follow-ups on an average of 76 ± 65 months (median: 60, range: 6–240). Unilateral cataract, aphakia, nystagmus, female gender, and strabismus were risk factors of VA loss.

Conclusion

Based on our results, 56% of cases showed amblyopia. It could be due to late operation (especially in unilateral cases), longer surgical interval between two eyes, and no compliance of amblyopia therapy. Early detection through screening may reduce the rate of amblyopia. Refractive errors, visual acuity, amblyopia, glaucoma, posterior capsular opacity, and compliance of amblyopia therapy should be checked regularly at follow-up visits.

Pediatric cataract surgery in National Eye Centre Kaduna, Nigeria: outcome and challenges

PURPOSE

To assess the outcomes of congenital/developmental cataract from a tertiary eye care hospital in Northwest Nigeria.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A retrospective chart review was performed of all patients diagnosed with congenital or developmental cataract who underwent surgery from January 2008 to December 2009. Data were collected on patient demographics, preoperative characteristics, intraoperative complications, and postoperative outcomes as well as complications.

RESULTS

A total of 181 eyes of 102 patients underwent surgery. There were 95 (52.5%) right eyes. There were 64 (62.7%) males. The mean age of the patients was 6.88 ± 7.97 years. Fifty-four (51.3%) patients were below 3 years old. Most (62%) patients had congenital cataract with a history of onset within the first year of life [39 (62.9%) patients]. Amblyopia, nystagmus, and strabismus were the most frequent ocular comorbidities accounting for 50.3%, 36.5%, and 35.4% of eyes respectively. The majority (84.3%) of the patients had surgery within 6 months of presentation. All patients underwent manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS). Seventy-nine (77.5%) patients underwent simultaneous bilateral surgery. Intraocular lens implantation was performed in 83.4% eyes. The most common early and late postoperative complication was, posterior capsular opacity which occurred in 65 eyes of 43 children. In these cases, moderate visual acuity was predominant visual outcome.

CONCLUSION

Treatment of pediatric cataract in our setting is complicated by demographic factors which results in late presentation and consequently, late treatment of children. Short-term visual outcome is fair. Data on long term postoperative outcomes could not be acquired due to poor follow-up.