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Sinenko IL, Kuttler F, Simeonov V, Moulin A, Aouad P, Stathopoulos C, Munier FL, Berger A, Dyson PJ. Translational screening platform to evaluate chemotherapy in combination with focal therapy for retinoblastoma. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:3728-3739. [PMID: 37340597 PMCID: PMC10475790 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma is the most common pediatric eye cancer. It is currently treated with a limited number of drugs, adapted from other pediatric cancer treatments. Drug toxicity and relapse of the disease warrant new therapeutic strategies for these young patients. In this study, we developed a robust tumoroid-based platform to test chemotherapeutic agents in combination with focal therapy (thermotherapy) - a treatment option widely used in clinical practice - in accordance with clinically relevant trial protocols. The model consists of matrix-embedded tumoroids that retain retinoblastoma features and respond to repeated chemotherapeutic drug exposure similarly to advanced clinical cases. Moreover, the screening platform includes a diode laser (810 nm, 0.3 W) to selectively heat the tumoroids, combined with an on-line system to monitor the intratumoral and surrounding temperatures. This allows the reproduction of the clinical settings of thermotherapy and combined chemothermotherapy treatments. When testing the two main drugs currently used in clinics to treat retinoblastoma in our model, we observed results similar to those clinically obtained, validating the utility of the model. This screening platform is the first system to accurately reproduce clinically relevant treatment methods and should lead to the identification of more efficient drugs to treat retinoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina L. Sinenko
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
- Ophthalmology DepartmentUniversity of Lausanne, Jules‐Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des AveuglesLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Fabien Kuttler
- Biomolecular Screening Facility, School of Life SciencesÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Valentin Simeonov
- Laboratory of Environmental Remote SensingÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Alexandre Moulin
- Ophthalmology DepartmentUniversity of Lausanne, Jules‐Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des AveuglesLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Patrick Aouad
- Ophthalmology DepartmentUniversity of Lausanne, Jules‐Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des AveuglesLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Christina Stathopoulos
- Ophthalmology DepartmentUniversity of Lausanne, Jules‐Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des AveuglesLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Francis L. Munier
- Ophthalmology DepartmentUniversity of Lausanne, Jules‐Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des AveuglesLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Adeline Berger
- Ophthalmology DepartmentUniversity of Lausanne, Jules‐Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des AveuglesLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
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Singhal SS, Garg R, Mohanty A, Garg P, Ramisetty SK, Mirzapoiazova T, Soldi R, Sharma S, Kulkarni P, Salgia R. Recent Advancement in Breast Cancer Research: Insights from Model Organisms-Mouse Models to Zebrafish. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112961. [PMID: 37296923 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models have been utilized for decades to investigate the causes of human diseases and provide platforms for testing novel therapies. Indeed, breakthrough advances in genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models and xenograft transplantation technologies have dramatically benefited in elucidating the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, including cancer. The currently available GEM models have been employed to assess specific genetic changes that underlay many features of carcinogenesis, including variations in tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. In addition, mice models render it easier to locate tumor biomarkers for the recognition, prognosis, and surveillance of cancer progression and recurrence. Furthermore, the patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model, which involves the direct surgical transfer of fresh human tumor samples to immunodeficient mice, has contributed significantly to advancing the field of drug discovery and therapeutics. Here, we provide a synopsis of mouse and zebrafish models used in cancer research as well as an interdisciplinary 'Team Medicine' approach that has not only accelerated our understanding of varied aspects of carcinogenesis but has also been instrumental in developing novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharad S Singhal
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutic Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Rachana Garg
- Department of Surgery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Atish Mohanty
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutic Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Pankaj Garg
- Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sravani Keerthi Ramisetty
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutic Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Tamara Mirzapoiazova
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutic Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Raffaella Soldi
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85338, USA
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85338, USA
| | - Prakash Kulkarni
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutic Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutic Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Looking for In Vitro Models for Retinal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910334. [PMID: 34638674 PMCID: PMC8508697 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Retina is a layered structure of the eye, composed of different cellular components working together to produce a complex visual output. Because of its important role in visual function, retinal pathologies commonly represent the main causes of visual injury and blindness in the industrialized world. It is important to develop in vitro models of retinal diseases to use them in first screenings before translating in in vivo experiments and clinics. For this reason, it is important to develop bidimensional (2D) models that are more suitable for drug screening and toxicological studies and tridimensional (3D) models, which can replicate physiological conditions, for investigating pathological mechanisms leading to visual loss. This review provides an overview of the most common retinal diseases, relating to in vivo models, with a specific focus on alternative 2D and 3D in vitro models that can replicate the different cellular and matrix components of retinal layers, as well as injury insults that induce retinal disease and loss of the visual function.
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Comprehensive characterization of RB1 mutant and MYCN amplified retinoblastoma cell lines. Exp Cell Res 2018; 375:92-99. [PMID: 30584916 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In retinoblastoma research tumor-derived cell lines remain an important model to investigate tumorigenesis and new therapy options, due to limited tumor material and lack of adequate animal models. A panel of 10 retinoblastoma cell lines was characterized with respect to mutation, methylation and expression of RB1 and MYCN. These established retinoblastoma cell lines represent the most frequent types of RB1 inactivation and together with the MYCN amplification status, three classes can be distinguished: RB1mut/MYCNnonA, RB1mut/MYCNA and RB1wt/MYCNA. MYCN amplification was identified in five cell lines, whereby two of them, RB522 and RB3823, harbor no aberration in RB1. Targeted sequencing of 160 genes often mutated in cancer identified only few variants in tumor-associated genes other than in RB1. None of these variants was recurrent. mRNA expression analyses of retinal markers, cell cycle regulators and members of the TP53 signaling pathway revealed a high variability between cell lines but no class-specific differences. The here presented thorough validation of retinoblastoma cell lines, including microsatellite analysis for cell line authentication, provides the basis for further in vitro studies on retinoblastoma.
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Shi P, Tan YSE, Yeong WY, Li HY, Laude A. A bilayer photoreceptor-retinal tissue model with gradient cell density design: A study of microvalve-based bioprinting. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:1297-1306. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pujiang Shi
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Yong Sheng Edgar Tan
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Wai Yee Yeong
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Hoi Yeung Li
- School of Biological Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Augustinus Laude
- National Healthcare Group Eye Institute; Tan Tock Seng Hospital; Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute; Singapore
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Lansingh VC, Eckert KA, Haik BG, Phillipps BX, Bosch-Canto V, Leal-Leal C, Ramírez-Ortiz MA. Retinoblastoma in Mexico: part I. A review of general knowledge of the disease, diagnosis, and management. BOLETIN MEDICO DEL HOSPITAL INFANTIL DE MEXICO 2015; 72:299-306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmhimx.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Wenzel AA, O’Hare MN, Shadmand M, Corson TW. Optical coherence tomography enables imaging of tumor initiation in the TAg-RB mouse model of retinoblastoma. Mol Vis 2015; 21:515-22. [PMID: 25999678 PMCID: PMC4440496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children. Although significant advances in treatment have decreased mortality in recent years, morbidity continues to be associated with these therapies, and therefore, there is a pressing need for new therapeutic options. Transgenic mouse models are popular for testing new therapeutics as well as studying the pathophysiology of retinoblastoma. The T-antigen retinoblastoma (TAg-RB) model has close molecular and histological resemblance to human retinoblastoma tumors; these mice inactivate pRB by retinal-specific expression of the Simian Virus 40 T-antigens. Here, we evaluated whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging could be used to document tumor growth in the TAg-RB model from the earliest stages of tumor development. METHODS The Micron III rodent imaging system was used to obtain fundus photographs and OCT images of both eyes of TAg-RB mice weekly from 2 to 12 weeks of age and at 16 and 20 weeks of age to document tumor development. Tumor morphology was confirmed with histological analysis. RESULTS Before being visible on funduscopy, hyperreflective masses arising in the inner nuclear layer were evident at 2 weeks of age with OCT imaging. After most of these hyperreflective cell clusters disappeared around 4 weeks of age, the first tumors became visible on OCT and funduscopy by 6 weeks. The masses grew into discrete, discoid tumors, preferentially in the periphery, that developed more irregular morphology over time, eventually merging and displacing the inner retinal layers into the vitreous. CONCLUSIONS OCT is a non-invasive imaging modality for tracking early TAg-RB tumor growth in vivo. Using OCT, we characterized TAg-positive cells as early as 2 weeks, corresponding to the earliest stages at which tumors are histologically evident, and well before they are evident with funduscopy. Tracking tumor growth from its earliest stages will allow better analysis of the efficacy of novel therapeutics and genetic factors tested in this powerful mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea A. Wenzel
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Michael N. O’Hare
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN,School of Biomedical Science, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Mehdi Shadmand
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Timothy W. Corson
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN,Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
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