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Romeo DM, Arpaia C, Lala MR, Cordaro G, Gallini F, Vento G, Mercuri E, Chiaretti A. Sleep Disorders in Low-Risk Preterm Infants and Toddlers. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1091. [PMID: 37511704 PMCID: PMC10381444 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13071091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep disorders are particularly important in the development of children, affecting the emotional, behavioural, and cognitive spheres. The incidence of these disorders has been assessed in different types of populations, including patients with a history of premature birth, who, from the literature data, would seem to have an increased incidence of sleep disorders at school age. The aims of the present study are: (i.) to assess the presence of sleep disorders in a population of very preterm infants at 6-36 months who are at low risk of neurological impairments using the Italian version of the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) adapted for this age group, and (ii.) to identify possible differences from a control group of term-born infants. A total of 217 low-risk preterm and 129 typically developing infants and toddlers were included in the study. We found no differences in the SDSC total and the factor scores between these two populations of infants. Low-risk preterm infants and toddlers showed similar incidences of sleep disorders to their term-born peers. Further clinical assessments will be needed to confirm these data at school age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico M Romeo
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, L.argo A. Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Arpaia
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, L.argo A. Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Lala
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, L.argo A. Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Cordaro
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, L.argo A. Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gallini
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vento
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Mercuri
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, L.argo A. Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Chiaretti
- Department of Pediatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Bijlsma A, Beunders VA, Dorrepaal DJ, Joosten KF, van Beijsterveldt IA, Dudink J, Reiss IK, Hokken-Koelega AC, Vermeulen MJ. Sleep and 24-hour rhythm characteristics in preschool children born very preterm and full term. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:685-693. [PMID: 36661086 PMCID: PMC10071387 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep impacts the quality of life and is associated with cardiometabolic and neurocognitive outcomes. Little is known about the sleep of preterm-born children at preschool age. We, therefore, studied sleep and 24-hour rhythms of preschool children born very preterm compared with full-term children. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study comparing sleep quality and quantity of children born very preterm (gestational age [GA] < 30 weeks) with full-term children at the (corrected) age of 3 years, using (1) 2 parent-reported questionnaires (Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire and The Munich Chronotype Questionnaire) and (2) at least 3 days of triaxial wrist actigraphy combined with sleep diary. We performed regression analyses with adjustment for sex (corrected), age, and birth weight standard deviation (SD) score. RESULTS Ninety-seven very-preterm-born (median GA 27+5; interquartile range 26 + 3;29 + 0 weeks) and 92 full-term children (GA 39 + 3; 38 + 4;40 + 4 weeks) were included. Sleep problems and other reported sleep parameters were not different between groups. As measured with actigraphy, sleep and 24-hour rhythm were similar between groups, except for very-preterm born children waking up 21 minutes (4;38) minutes later than full-term children (adjusted P = .001). CONCLUSIONS Based on parent reports and actigraphy, very-preterm-born children sleep quite similar to full-term controls at the corrected age of 3 years. Reported sleep problems were not different between groups. Actigraphy data suggest that preterm-born children may wake up later than children born full term. Further studies are needed to explore how sleep relates to cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes after preterm birth and whether early interventions are useful to optimize 24-hour rhythm and sleep. CITATION Bijlsma A, Beunders VAA, Dorrepaal DJ, et al. Sleep and 24-hour rhythm characteristics in preschool children born very preterm and full term. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(4):685-693.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alja Bijlsma
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victoria A.A. Beunders
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Demi J. Dorrepaal
- Subdivision of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Koen F.M. Joosten
- Department of Pediatrics, Intensive Care Unit, Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge A.L.P. van Beijsterveldt
- Subdivision of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Dudink
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Irwin K.M. Reiss
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita C.S. Hokken-Koelega
- Subdivision of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marijn J. Vermeulen
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Trickett J, Hill C, Austin T, Johnson S. The Impact of Preterm Birth on Sleep through Infancy, Childhood and Adolescence and Its Implications. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9050626. [PMID: 35626803 PMCID: PMC9139673 DOI: 10.3390/children9050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is emergent literature on the relationship between the development of sleep-wake cycles, sleep architecture, and sleep duration during the neonatal period on neurodevelopmental outcomes among children born preterm. There is also a growing literature on techniques to assess sleep staging in preterm neonates using either EEG methods or heart and respiration rate. Upon discharge from hospital, sleep in children born preterm has been assessed using parent report, actigraphy, and polysomnography. This review describes the ontogeny and measurement of sleep in the neonatal period, the current evidence on the impact of preterm birth on sleep both in the NICU and in childhood and adolescence, and the interaction between sleep, cognition, and social-emotional outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayne Trickett
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Catherine Hill
- School of Clinical Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK;
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Southampton Children’s Hospital, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Topun Austin
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Rosie Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Samantha Johnson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK;
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