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Kona SSR, Kumar AVNS, Punyakumari B, Kumar RVS, Rao VH. Influence of TCM 199B, α-MEM, Waymouth MB 752/1 culture media, VEGF, Estradiol-17 β, GDF-9 and FGF on in vitro development of preantral follicles in sheep. Vet Anim Sci 2021; 13:100189. [PMID: 34286159 PMCID: PMC8274335 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2021.100189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 2792 preantral follicles (PFs') isolated from 750 ovaries of sheep were cultured in four different experiments. The efficacy of three commercially available culture media viz., TCM 199B, α-MEM and Waymouth MB 752/1 on the growth of sheep PFs' was tested in experiment I. Among the three media TCM 199B supported better development of PFs' in culture. The remaining experiments established the best concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Estradiol-17β (E2), GDF-9, Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and their best combinations for the in-vitro development of PFs'. Inclusion of VEGF at 10 ng/mL, Estradiol-17β at 5 ng/mL, GDF-9 at 10 ng/mL or FGF at 10 ng/mL individually in a standard medium (SM) (containing FSH, IGF-I, GH and T4) supported better nuclear maturation of the oocytes to MII stage. Different combinations of VEGF, Estradiol-17β, GDF-9 and FGF supplemented in the SM promoted similar overall follicular growth. However, (a) SM + VEGF(10 ng/mL) + E2(5 ng/mL) supported higher increase in the diameter, (b) SM without any supplements induced antrum formation in greater proportion of follicles, and (c) SM + VEGF(10 ng/mL) + GDF 9(10 ng/mL) or SM + E2 (5 ng/mL) + FGF(10 ng/mL) supported high proportion of oocytes to reach MII stage. To conclude, TCM 199B appeared to be a better medium for development of sheep PFs'. VEGF, Estradiol-17 β, GDF-9 and FGF have beneficial influence on the development of sheep PFs' when supplemented in TCM 199B.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S R Kona
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, India
| | - A V N Siva Kumar
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, India
| | | | - R V Suresh Kumar
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati, 517502, India
| | - V H Rao
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, India
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Chakravarthi VP, Ratri A, Masumi S, Borosha S, Ghosh S, Christenson LK, Roby KF, Wolfe MW, Rumi MAK. Granulosa cell genes that regulate ovarian follicle development beyond the antral stage: The role of estrogen receptor β. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 528:111212. [PMID: 33676987 PMCID: PMC8916094 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Follicle development beyond the preantral stage is dependent on gonadotropins. FSH signaling is crucial for the advancement of preantral follicles to the antral stage, and LH signaling is essential for further maturation of preovulatory follicles. Estrogen is intricately tied to gonadotropin signaling during the advanced stages of folliculogenesis. We observed that Erβnull ovarian follicles fail to develop beyond the antral stage, even after exogenous gonadotropin stimulation. As ERβ is primarily expressed in the granulosa cells (GCs), we explored the gonadotropin-regulated GC genes that induce maturation of antral follicles. Synchronized follicle development was induced by administration of exogenous gonadotropins to wildtype 4-wk-old female rats. The GC transcriptome was analyzed via RNA-sequencing before and after gonadotropin stimulation. An Erβnull mutant model that fails to show follicle maturation was also included in order to identify the ERβ-regulated genes involved at this step. We observed that specific groups of genes were differentially expressed in response to PMSG or hCG administration in wildtype rats. While some of the PMSG or hCG-induced genes showed a similar expression pattern in Erβnull GCs, a subset of PMSG- or hCG-induced genes showed a differential expression pattern in Erβnull GCs. These latter ERβ-regulated genes included previously known FSH or LH target genes including Lhcgr, Cyp11a1, Cyp19a1, Pgr, Runx2, Egfr, Kiss1, and Ptgs2, which are involved in follicle development, oocyte maturation, and ovulation. We also identified novel ERβ-regulated genes including Jaml, Galnt6, Znf750, Dusp9, Wnt16, and Mageb16 that failed to respond to gonadotropin stimulation in Erβnull GCs. Our findings indicate that the gonadotropin-induced spatiotemporal pattern of gene expression is essential for ovarian follicle maturation beyond the antral stage. However, expression of a subset of those gonadotropin-induced genes is dependent on transcriptional regulation by ERβ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anamika Ratri
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Saeed Masumi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Shaon Borosha
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Subhra Ghosh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Lane K Christenson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Kansas City, KS, USA; Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Katherine F Roby
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kansas City, KS, USA; Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Michael W Wolfe
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Kansas City, KS, USA; Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - M A Karim Rumi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA; Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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De Los Reyes M, Palomino J, Gallegos C, Espinoza R, Dettleff P, Peralta OA, Parraguez VH, Ramirez G. Gene and protein expression of connexins 37 and 43 in cumulus-oocytes complexes throughout the canine oestrous cycle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 32:976-987. [PMID: 32693910 DOI: 10.1071/rd20126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of connexin (Cx) 37 and Cx43 in canine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) during the oestrous cycle. Cx localisation was analysed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, whereas protein and gene expression was evaluated by western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction respectively; comparisons were made using analysis of variance. Both Cx37 and Cx43 were expressed in all follicular stages; Cx43 was identified in cumulus cells and Cx37 was identified in cumulus cells, zonae pellucida and oocytes. Immunofluorescence analyses showed that Cx37 remained unchanged during the preovulatory stage but decreased after ovulation, whereas Cx43 remained unchanged before and after ovulation. Cx43 transcripts increased (P<0.05) during anoestrus and dioestrus in medium-sized follicles but remained unaltered during the pro-oestrus and antral stages during oestrus, before and after ovulation. Cx37 mRNA levels decreased in ovulated COCs (P<0.05). The highest levels of Cx37 protein (P<0.05) were detected in the preantral stage during anoestrus. In contrast, strong Cx43 signals were detected in oestrus and in medium-sized antral follicles in dioestrus (P<0.05). Overall, we demonstrated that Cx37 and Cx43 exhibit different expression patterns, suggesting specific roles throughout growth. Maintenance of Cx expression before ovulation indicates the involvement of Cx37 and Cx43 in the prolonged meiotic arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica De Los Reyes
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Production Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile; and Corresponding author.
| | - Jaime Palomino
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Production Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carola Gallegos
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Production Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto Espinoza
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Production Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
| | - Phillipe Dettleff
- Laboratory Inviogen, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
| | - Oscar A Peralta
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Production Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victor H Parraguez
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
| | - George Ramirez
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Production Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
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Kumar PA, Sivakumar AVN, Pathipati D, Chakravarthi VP, Brahmaiah KV, Rao VH. Leptin induced in vitro development of ovarian follicles in sheep is related to the expression of P450 aromatase and steroidogenesis. Theriogenology 2019; 136:1-6. [PMID: 31229779 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that Leptin induced in vitro growth in preantral follicles in sheep involves modulation of P450 aromatase expression and steroidogenesis. Accordingly, the expression of P450 aromatase gene was studied in the cumulus cells and oocytes isolated from different stages of preantral follicles (PFs') grown in vivo, cultured in TCM 199B, TCM 199B + Leptin (10 ng/ml) (TCM199BL) or a standard PF culture medium supplemented with Leptin (10 ng/ml) (SML). Ovarian follicles grown in vivo or in SML expressed P450 aromatase both in cumulus cells and oocytes at all the development stages. In the oocytes from PFs' grown in vitro, P450 expression was consistently lower than in those from in vivo grown follicles at all except the preantral stage. The patterns of expression of aromatase gene in the cumulus cells from in vivo grown and the PFs' cultured in TCM 199BL were similar. Significantly higher levels of progesterone production were supported by SML at all the development stages than the other two media. Oestradiol concentration in the spent TCM 199B and SML showed a significant increase as the development progressed from preantral to large antral stage. However, such increase was not sustained beyond early antral stage in the PFs' cultured in TCM199BL. It is concluded that Leptin modulates the expression P450 aromatase while supporting the in vitro development of the ovarian follicles in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Anil Kumar
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Gynecology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati, 517502, India
| | - A V N Sivakumar
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati, 517502, India
| | - Deepa Pathipati
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati, 517502, India
| | - V Praveen Chakravarthi
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati, 517502, India
| | - K V Brahmaiah
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Gynecology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati, 517502, India
| | - V H Rao
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati, 517502, India.
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