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Lima VGO, da Silva LO, de Freitas Júnior JE, Alba HDR, Brant LMS, Dos Santos Pina D, de Carvalho Mesquita BMA, Azevêdo JAG, de Lima Júnior DM, de Araújo MLGML, de Carvalho GGP. Soybean oil, linoleic acid source, in lamb diets: carcass traits and meat quality. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:261. [PMID: 39292295 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-04169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
We developed a study to determine the ideal level of inclusion of soybean oil (SBOil) in the diet without affecting the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the carcass and meat of lambs in a feedlot system; therefore, determining the ideal level of inclusion. Forty male lambs (Santa Inês breed) were used. The initial body weight and age averaged 34.88 ± 3.19 kg and 5 months, respectively. Experimental units (lambs) were randomly distributed in 5 different diets: inclusion levels of SBOil: 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 g/kg of dry matter (DM). The SOil inclusion reduced the DM intake (P < 0.001), Total digestible nutrients (P = 0.004), and crude protein (P < 0.001). Total weight gain (P < 0.001) decreased with the SBOil inclusion and subcutaneous fat thickness (P = 0.017) showed the same behaviour. The final body weight decreased by 42.9 g/kgDM until the inclusion level of 30 g/kgDM; from this level it was reduced by 145 g/kgDM. The hot and cold carcass weights (P = 0.013) decreased by 36.6 g/kgDM after including 30 g/kgDM of SBOil. Meat physicochemical composition was not altered (P > 0.05). Lower meat tenderness values were obtained at the levels of 60 and 90 g/kgDM. The inclusion above 30 g/kgDM decreased meat tenderness. It is concluded that soybean oil should be included up to 30 g/kgDM in diets. It is important to note that with diets with 60% concentrate, SBOil levels greater than 30 g/kgDM promote yield losses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Lara Maria Santos Brant
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Douglas Dos Santos Pina
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | | | - José Augusto Gomes Azevêdo
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, 45.662-900, Brazil
| | - Dorgival Morais de Lima Júnior
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal Rural Do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Rio Grande Do Norte, 59.625-900, Brazil
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de Lima Cruz GF, Santos EM, de Araújo GGL, de Azevedo PS, de Albuquerque ÍRR, Panosso NM, Perazzo AF, de Moura Zanine A, de Jesus Ferreira D, de Oliveira Lima AGV, de Oliveira JS. Carcass traits and meat quality of goats fed with cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill) silage subjected to an intermittent water supply. Sci Rep 2023; 13:855. [PMID: 36646725 PMCID: PMC9842767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25923-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of different proportions of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill) silage (CPS) and intermittent water supply (IWS) to crossbreed goats' diets on carcass traits and meat quality were evaluated. The IWS caused a reduction (p = 0.03) in the percentage of leg fat in the animals. The rib eye area, carcass weight, and physical-chemical characteristics were not affected (p > 0.05) by the CPS or IWS. The IWS reduced (p = 0.04) the elongase enzyme activity. The CPS inclusion in the diet reduced C22:0 (p = 0.01), some branched-chain fatty acid (BCFA), C20:1 (p = 0.03), c13-C18:1 (p = 0.01) fatty acids. Therefore, in situations of water scarcity, an intermittent water supply of up to 48 h and diets with up to 42% cactus pear silage, can be adopted in goat feedlot, without affecting carcass traits and meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edson Mauro Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexandre Fernandes Perazzo
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, BR 222, km 4, s/n, Chapadinha, Maranhão, 65500-000, Brazil
| | - Anderson de Moura Zanine
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, BR 222, km 4, s/n, Chapadinha, Maranhão, 65500-000, Brazil
| | - Daniele de Jesus Ferreira
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, BR 222, km 4, s/n, Chapadinha, Maranhão, 65500-000, Brazil
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Zagorakis K, Milis C. Prediction of degradability and digestibility parameters of protein supplements used in sheep nutrition from nutrient composition. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:393. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sánchez-Zárate A, Chay-Canul AJ, Aguilar-Urquizo E, Sanginés-García JR, Moo-Huchin VM, Vargas-Bello-Pérez E, Piñeiro-Vázquez ÁT. Effects of the Inclusion of Ground Pouteria sapota Kernel on Intake, Digestibility, and Growth Performance in Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:3154. [PMID: 36428382 PMCID: PMC9686787 DOI: 10.3390/ani12223154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study determined the effect of replacing ground corn and soybean meal with ground Pouteria sapota kernel (PSSM) in lamb diets on nutrient intake and digestibility, performance, and carcass traits. Twenty-one male hair sheep lambs with an average body weight of 22 ± 3.5 kg were randomly assigned to three treatment diets containing PSSM at 0, 10, and 20% of the total dry matter (DM) inclusion. The study lasted 60 days, which included 15 days for adaption and 45 days for sample collection. The PSSM inclusion did not affect intake or performance (p > 0.05). However, ether extract (EE) digestibility linearly increased (p < 0.0001), while crude protein (CP) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) linearly decreased. Final body weight, total weight gain, average daily weight gain, feeding efficiency, and carcass traits were not affected by PSSM inclusion. In conclusion, these results suggest that PSSM can replace up to 200 g/kg DM of ground corn and soybean meal without affecting intake or animal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Sánchez-Zárate
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Conkal 97345, Mexico
| | - Alfonso J. Chay-Canul
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
| | - Edgar Aguilar-Urquizo
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Conkal 97345, Mexico
| | - J. Roberto Sanginés-García
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Conkal 97345, Mexico
| | | | - Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Earley Gate, P.O. Box 237, Reading RG6 6EU, UK
| | - Ángel T. Piñeiro-Vázquez
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Conkal 97345, Mexico
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Bezerra AS, dos Santos MAS, Lourenço-Júnior JDB. Technologies Used in Production Systems for Santa Inês Sheep: A Systematic Review. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:896241. [PMID: 35711795 PMCID: PMC9195131 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.896241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study identifies the number of publications that presented technologies used in the production systems of Santa Inês sheep in the last 5 years (2017–2021) carried out in Brazil. Therefore, the objective was to identify where we are in terms of knowledge about technologies in different fields (health, reproduction, animal breeding, behavior and welfare, nutrition and feeding, forage and pasture, carcass and meat quality, and economics and management of livestock systems). After rigorous selection, 114 studies were appointed and classified by knowledge field, and the main approaches within each theme were evaluated, pointing out research gaps. Most technologies have been in northeastern states. However, government agencies should develop public policies to disseminate techniques in rural areas because the production system in this region is still subsistence. This study highlighted the need for works that present management practices and tools that impact the improvement of animal welfare. Agro-industrial by-products have been widely used as an alternative for sheep feeding. However, economic feasibility analyses are recommended with these foodstuffs to substantiate their use as an option to reduce production costs. There is a lack of research allusive to the management of production systems, especially those related to estimates of economic feasibility indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréia Santana Bezerra
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Federal University of Para (UFPA), Federal University of the Amazon (UFRA), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Castanhal, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Andréia Santana Bezerra
| | | | - José de Brito Lourenço-Júnior
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Federal University of Para (UFPA), Federal University of the Amazon (UFRA), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Castanhal, Brazil
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Whole Corn Germ as an Energy Source in the Feeding of Feedlot Lambs: Metabolic and Productive Performance. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12101261. [PMID: 35625107 PMCID: PMC9137454 DOI: 10.3390/ani12101261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary inclusion (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 g/kg DM) of whole corn germ (WCG), an energy source, on the metabolic and productive performance of feedlot lambs. To this end, two complementary experiments were carried out. In Experiment I, we tested the effects of WCG inclusion levels on the metabolism of 10 uncastrated Santa Inês male lambs, which were distributed into two 5 × 5 Latin squares design. Non-fibrous carbohydrates digestibility decreased (p = 0.01), whereas ether extract digestibility increased (p < 0.01) with the inclusion of WCG. Retained nitrogen did not change (p = 0.99) with the WCG inclusion. In Experiment II, we tested the effect of WCG inclusion levels on the production performance of 40 uncastrated Santa Inês male lambs, in a completely randomized design. There was a reduction in the intake of nutritional components (p < 0.05), except EE (p < 0.01), which increased with the increasing WCG levels. Production performance and blood parameters did not change. Based on the observed metabolism, performance, and feed efficiency, the use of WCG at up to 120 g/kg DM, in the total diet, is recommended as an alternative energy source for feedlot lambs.
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Lambs fed diets containing by-product from coconut processing: histomorphometry characteristics in the digestive and renal systems. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:182. [PMID: 35524886 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03160-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the histological characteristics in the digestive and renal systems of lambs fed diets containing coconut by-product (CB). A total of 35 male lambs with an initial weight of 16.9 ± 2.93 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with five levels of CB in the diet (0; 4.8; 9.6; 14.4 and 19.2% in total dry matter). Samples of the liver, kidney, rumen, and intestine were histomorphometrically evaluated, and the data were submitted to regression analysis, at a 5% error probability. The inclusion of CB linearly decreased the dry matter intake and caused a quadratic effect for the height of ruminal papillae, absorption area, epithelium thickness, as well as for average daily gain. The inclusion of CB linearly increased the mucous layer and reduced the submucosal layer, as well as promoted a decrease in goblet cells in the small intestine. The inclusion of CB did not influence hepatic glycogen; additionally, the histopathological examination did not reveal liver damage or congestion, vacuolization, and necrosis of the renal tissue. Therefore, our results indicate that CB can be included in lambs diet up to the level of 7.2% without causing changes in the histomorphometry characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract and changes in liver and kidney tissue that compromise animal performance.
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de Sousa SV, Diogenes LV, Oliveira RL, Souza MNS, Mazza PHS, da Silva Júnior JM, Pereira ES, Parente MOM, Araújo MJ, de Oliveira JPF, Bezerra LR. Effect of dietary buriti oil on the quality, fatty acid profile and sensorial attributes of lamb meat. Meat Sci 2022; 186:108734. [PMID: 35033833 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Forty crossbred (Santa Ines × Dorper) male lambs were used to investigate the effect of dietary buriti oil (BOIL) intake on meat quality, fatty acid (FA) composition and sensory attributes. A completely randomized design with five BOIL intake levels (0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 g/kg DM) was used. Increasing dietary BOIL intake linearly reduced the DMI, slaughter weight, cooking loss, shear force, yellowness, 16:0, c9-18:1 FA concentrations, and the delta-9-desaturase activity index computed using c9-16:1 and 16:0 as product and substrate pair, cis-MUFA and ƩMUFA/ƩSFA ratio of lamb meat (P ≤ 0.05); however, increasing dietary BOIL intake quadratically increased the energy intake, lipid content and linearly increased the total FA intake, chroma, collagen, total BI, 18:0, 20:3n-6 concentration and sensory attributes of lamb meat (P ≤ 0.05), without affecting health indexes regarding fat consumption. BOIL addition at levels above 24 g/kg DM in lamb diet reduces growth, however, improves tenderness, flavor and "goat" aroma intensity and slightly changes meat FA levels, promoting better acceptance by panelists.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V de Sousa
- Federal University of Piaui, Department of Animal Science, 64049550 Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - L V Diogenes
- Center of Health and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Avenida Universitária, s/n - Jatobá, Patos - PB, 58708110 Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - R L Oliveira
- Federal University of Bahia, Department of Animal Science, 40170110, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - M N S Souza
- Federal University of Bahia, Department of Animal Science, 40170110, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - P H S Mazza
- Federal University of Bahia, Department of Animal Science, 40170110, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - J M da Silva Júnior
- Federal University of Bahia, Department of Animal Science, 40170110, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - E S Pereira
- Animal Science Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza City, Ceará State, Brazil
| | - M O M Parente
- Center of Environment and Agriculture Science, Federal University of Maranhão, Chapadinha 65500000, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - M J Araújo
- Federal University of Piaui, Department of Animal Science, 64049550 Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - J P F de Oliveira
- Center of Health and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Avenida Universitária, s/n - Jatobá, Patos - PB, 58708110 Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - L R Bezerra
- Center of Health and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Avenida Universitária, s/n - Jatobá, Patos - PB, 58708110 Patos, Paraíba, Brazil.
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Pereira TCDJ, Pereira MLA, Silva HGDO, dos Santos AB, Ribeiro LSO, Pina DDS, Sousa LB, de Carvalho GGP. Energy sources in diets for lambs in confinement. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/an21136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
ContextThe use of alternative sources in ruminant feeding features advantages such as diminished dependence on traditional cereals that can be used for human consumption or monogastric animals.AimsThis study was conducted to examine nutrient intake, apparent digestibility, mean growth rate, nitrogen balance, and microbial protein synthesis in lambs fed diets containing different energy sources in the concentrate.MethodsThe experiment involved five uncastrated Santa Inês lambs, with an initial BW of 22.85±1.0kg, which were allocated individual metabolic cages and randomly assigned to one of the following five experimental treatments: maize (MA), wheat bran (WB), sorghum (SO), mesquite pod meal (MP) and peach palm meal (PP) in a 5×5 Latin square design, with five replicates each. Diets were isoenergetic with a roughage:concentrate ratio of 60:40.Key resultsThe energy sources in the concentrate influenced (P<0.0001) the intakes of DM and nutritional components. The apparent digestibility coefficients of the ether extract and NDFap were significantly (P<0.05) different between WB and the other diets. The different energy sources in the concentrate (MA, WB, SO and MP) increased (P<0.0001) the mean growth rate of the lambs. The diet containing PP as an energy source provided a smaller (P=0.0002) N intake than that from any other diet, and the PP diet resulted in a negative N balance (P=0.0200). Lambs fed with diets containing MP (80.38g day−1) as an energy source showed a larger (P=0.0007) microbial protein synthesis than did those fed with PP (24.47g day−1).ConclusionsWheat bran, sorghum, and mesquite pod meal can completely replace maize for lambs fed diets based on 270gkg−1 of maize.ImplicationsA variety of unusual feed ingredients facilitates the raising of lambs in various regions, with ingredients being local and of the lowest cost, promoting benefits to sheep producers.
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Effects of the Dietary Inclusion of Buriti Oil on Lamb Performance, Carcass Traits, Digestibility, Nitrogen Balance, Ingestive Behavior and Blood Metabolites. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10111973. [PMID: 33126402 PMCID: PMC7693342 DOI: 10.3390/ani10111973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Dietary fat is important for animals, not only because it supplies essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins, but also because of its high energy content, approximately twice as many calories per gram of carbohydrates. Thus, it induces a caloric increase, in addition to modulating the fatty acid (FA) profile of meat. Vegetable oils inclusion in the diet of lambs improves the lipid quality of meat. Among them, buriti oil (Mauritia flexuosa L.F.) is an example that stands out; it can represent an important alternative to meet the energy demands of lambs, particularly because of its easy availability, especially in the northern and northeast states of Brazil. In addition, as a consequence of the high cost of protein supplements in feed concentrates, unconventional alternatives have been exploited in recent years. Thus, this research proposes the use of a byproduct of the biofuel industry. This study was conducted to enhance our knowledge of interesting opportunities for farmers in terms of lamb meat production. Its use could promote activity in the livestock sector by reducing feed costs and becoming an alternative to producers without easy access to more expensive supplements. Abstract Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.) oil (BO) is a byproduct that can be incorporated into the diet of lambs, thus increasing the energy density. The study aimed to evaluate the optimum BO inclusion level in lamb diets. Sixty-five Santa Ines lambs were distributed in two completely randomized experiments with five treatments each (BO inclusion at 0 (control), 12, 24, 36 and 48 g/kg dry matter (DM) total). The BO supplementation to partially replace ground corn linearly decreased the nutrient intake and digestibility of DM, ether extract and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), N° chews/bolus, DM and NDF rumination or eating efficiencies, the N intake and N balance, carcass weights and yields, and dressing content of lamb carcasses (p < 0.05). The addition of BO responded quadratically to DM eating efficiency and N-fecal and N-urinary excretion (p < 0.05). The linear response plateau (LRP) analysis demonstrated that the levels of 0 and 12 g/kg of BO were similar, and improved intake and digestibility and consequently performance (p < 0.001). There was a linear increase in feed efficiency and shrinkage after chilling with the BO inclusion replacing ground corn. The inclusion of 12 g/kg BO in the total DM of diet is recommended, because it improves feeding intake, digestibility and performance of lambs.
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Ítavo CC, Ítavo LC, Esteves CA, Sapaterro G, da Silva J, da Silva P, Ferelli K, de Souza Arco TF. Influence of solid residue from alcoholic extraction of brown propolis on intake, digestibility, performance, carcass and meat characteristics of lambs in feedlot. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/109284/2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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