Investigation of the effects of pulmonary adenomatosis on oxidative dna damage, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy in lung tissues in sheep

Investigation of the Effects of Boric Acid against Post Operative Testicular Adhesion Caused by Experimental Laporotomy in Rats

Post-operative intra-abdominal adhesions, significantly affecting testicular tissue, are a prevalent and serious complication following laparoscopic surgery. This study investigated the efficacy of boric acid, known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, in preventing post-operative testicular adhesions. Forty rats, were divided into four groups: control, laparoscopy (LA), boric acid (BA), and LA + BA. Following laparoscopic surgery, BA treatment was administered for seven days. While the adhesion score was around 3 in the LA group, it was 1 or below in the LA + BA group. Testicular tissues were examined by histopathological and biochemical methods. In testis tissues, in the LA group, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased while superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels decreased; these parameters normalized with BA treatment. Additionally, the LA group exhibited reduced levels of IL-10, Bcl-2, Kisspeptin-1, and GnRH, alongside elevated levels of inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, JNK, BAX, and Caspase 3. BA treatment significantly restored these levels to normal. In conclusion, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in testicular tissues were associated with post-operative testicular adhesions. BA demonstrated potential as an anti-adhesive agent, reducing testicular adhesions and normalizing biochemical and histological parameters following laparoscopic surgery.

Identification of concurrent infection with Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus and maedi-visna virus in China

IMPORTANCE

Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis (OPA) and maedi-visna disease (MVD) are chronic and progressive infectious diseases in sheep caused by Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and maedi-visna virus (MVV), respectively.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the pathological changes and conduct viral gene analysis of OPA and MVD co-occurrence in Inner Mongolia, China.

METHODS

Using gross pathology, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, ultrastructural pathology, PCR, and sequence analysis, we investigated the concurrent infection of JSRV and MVV in 319 Dorper rams slaughtered in a private slaughterhouse in Inner Mongolia, in 2022.

RESULTS

Of the 319 rams included, 3 showed concurrent JSRV and MVV infection. Gross lung pathology showed diffuse enlargement, consolidation, and greyish-white miliary nodules on the lung surface; the trachea was filled with a white foamy fluid; hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes were significantly enlarged. Histopathology results revealed typical OPA and MVD lesions in the lung tissue. Immunohistochemical results were positive for JSRV envelope protein (Env) in the tumor cells and MVV CA in alveolar macrophages. Transmission electron microscopy showed several virions and autophagosomes in the lung tissue, severely damaged mitochondria, and the induced mitophagy. Nucleotide sequences obtained for JSRV env and MVV gag showed the highest homology with the Inner Mongolian strains of JSRV env (JQ837489) and MVV gag (MW248464).

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE

Our study confirmed that OPA and MVD co-occurrence and identified the pathological changes in Inner Mongolia, China, thereby providing references for the identification of concurrent JSRV and MVV infections.