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Zhang Y, Yi K, Gong F, Tang Z, Feng Y, Tian Y, Xiang M, Zhou F, Liu M, Ji X, He Z. A simple, rapid and sensitive sandwich immunoassay based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) for the detection of alpha-fetoprotein. Talanta 2024; 274:125932. [PMID: 38537351 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), as a tumor marker, plays a vital role in the diagnosis of liver cancer. In this work, a novel sandwich immunoassay based on a thermosensitive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), was developed for the detection of AFP. This immunoassay could realize one-step rapid reaction within 1 h, and facilitate the separation of the target molecules by incorporating PNIPAM. In this method, a conjugate of PNIPAM and capture antibody (Ab1) was successfully synthesized as a capture probe and the synthetic method of PNIPAM-Ab1 was simple, while the detection antibody (Ab2) was labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to form a fluorescent detection probe. By employing a sandwich immunoassay, the method achieved quantitative determination of AFP, exhibiting a wide linear range from 5 ng/mL to 200 ng/mL and a low detection limit of 2.44 ng/mL. Furthermore, it was successfully applied to the analysis of spiked human serum samples and the screening of patients with hepatic diseases in clinical samples, indicating its potential application prospect in the diagnosis of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaran Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Kebing Yi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Feng Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ziwen Tang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yu Feng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yilong Tian
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ming Xiang
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Tumor Liquid Biopsy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhou
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Province Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinghu Ji
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Zhike He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China; Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Province Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China.
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Yang DN, Wu SY, Deng HY, Zhang H, Shi S, Geng S. Blood Coagulation-Inspired Fibrin Hydrogel for Portable Detection of Thrombin Based on Personal Glucometer. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:250. [PMID: 38785724 PMCID: PMC11118845 DOI: 10.3390/bios14050250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
As one of the biomarkers of coagulation system-related diseases, the detection of thrombin is of practical importance. Thus, this study developed a portable biosensor based on a personal glucometer for rapid detection of thrombin activity. Fibrinogen was used for the detection of thrombin, and the assay principle was inspired by the blood coagulation process, where thrombin hydrolyzes fibrinogen to produce a fibrin hydrogel, and the amount of invertase encapsulated in the fibrin hydrogel fluctuates in accordance with the activity of thrombin in the sample solution. The quantitative assay is conducted by measuring the amount of unencapsulated invertase available to hydrolyze the substrate sucrose, and the signal readout is recorded using a personal glucometer. A linear detection range of 0-0.8 U/mL of thrombin with a limit of detection of 0.04 U/mL was obtained based on the personal glucometer sensing platform. The results of the selectivity and interference experiments showed that the developed personal glucometer sensing platform is highly selective and accurate for thrombin activity. Finally, the reliability of the portable glucometer method for rapid thrombin detection in serum samples was investigated by measuring the recovery rate, which ranged from 92.8% to 107.7%. In summary, the fibrin hydrogel sensing platform proposed in this study offers a portable and versatile means for detecting thrombin using a personal glucometer. This approach not only simplifies the detection process, but also eliminates the need for large instruments and skilled operators, and substantially reduces detection costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Ni Yang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China; (D.-N.Y.); (H.-Y.D.)
| | - Shu-Yi Wu
- Basic Medical College, Chongqing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 402360, China;
| | - Han-Yu Deng
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China; (D.-N.Y.); (H.-Y.D.)
| | - Hao Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China; (D.-N.Y.); (H.-Y.D.)
| | - Shan Shi
- The Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Dazu Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402360, China;
| | - Shan Geng
- The Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Dazu Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402360, China;
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Xu J, Zhang Y, Zhu X, Ling G, Zhang P. Two-mode sensing strategies based on tunable cobalt metal organic framework active sites to detect Hg 2. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133424. [PMID: 38185088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution poses a major threat to human health, and developing a user-deliverable heavy metal detection strategy remains a major challenge. In this work, two-mode Hg2+ sensing platforms based on the tunable cobalt metal-organic framework (Co-MOF) active site strategy are constructed, including a colorimetric, and an electrochemical assay using a personal glucose meter (PGM) as the terminal device. Specifically, thymine (T), a single, adaptable nucleotide, is chosen to replace typical T-rich DNA aptamers. The catalytic sites of Co-MOF are tuned competitively by the specific binding of T-Hg2+-T, and different signal output platforms are developed based on the different enzyme-like activities of Co-MOF. DFT calculations are utilized to analyze the interaction mechanism between T and Co-MOF with defect structure. Notably, the two-mode sensing platforms exhibit outstanding detection performance, with LOD values as low as 0.5 nM (colorimetric) and 3.69 nM (PGM), respectively, superior to recently reported nanozyme-based Hg2+ sensors. In real samples of tap water and lake water, this approach demonstrates an effective recovery rate and outstanding selectivity. Surprisingly, the method is potentially versatile and, by exchanging out T-Hg2+-T, can also detect Ag+. This simple, portable, and user-friendly Hg2+ detection approach shows plenty of promise for application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuanke Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Guixia Ling
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Jia Z, Maghaydah Y, Zdanys K, Kuchel GA, Diniz BS, Liu C. CRISPR-Powered Aptasensor for Diagnostics of Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Sens 2024; 9:398-405. [PMID: 38154140 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia, characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides in the brain. Here, we present a simple, rapid, and affordable CRISPR-powered aptasensor for the quantitative detection of Aβ40 and Aβ42 biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples, enabling early and accurate diagnostics of AD patients. The aptasensor couples the high specificity of aptamers for Aβ biomarkers with CRISPR-Cas12a-based fluorescence detection. The CRISPR-powered aptasensor enables us to detect Aβ40 and Aβ42 in CSF samples within 60 min, achieving a detection sensitivity of 1 pg/mL and 0.1 pg/mL, respectively. To validate its clinical utility, we quantitatively detected Aβ40 and Aβ42 biomarkers in clinical CSF samples. Furthermore, by combining CSF Aβ42 levels with the c(Aβ42)/c(Aβ40) ratio, we achieved an accurate diagnostic classification of AD patients and healthy individuals, showing superior performance over the conventional ELISA method. We believe that our innovative aptasensor approach holds promise for the early diagnostic classification of AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Jia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
| | - Yazeed Maghaydah
- Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
| | - Kristina Zdanys
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
| | - George A Kuchel
- Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
| | - Breno Satler Diniz
- Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
| | - Changchun Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
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Zhang Y, Zhang S, Liu J, Qin D. Label-Free Homogeneous Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on Size Exclusion/Charge-Selective Permeability of Nanochannel Arrays and 2D Nanorecognitive Probe for Sensitive Detection of Alpha-Fetoprotein. Molecules 2023; 28:6935. [PMID: 37836778 PMCID: PMC10574445 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The labeling-free and immobilization-free homogeneous aptamer sensor offers advantages including simple operation, low cost, and high sensitivity, demonstrating great potential in rapid detection of tumor biomarkers in biological samples. In this work, a labeling-free and immobilization-free homogeneous aptamer sensor was conveniently fabricated by combining size exclusion and charge-selective penetration of a nanochannel-modified electrode and two-dimensional (2D) nanorecognition probe which can realize selective and highly sensitive detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in serum. Vertically ordered mesoporous silica film (VMSF) with ultra-small, uniform, and vertically aligned nanochannels was easily grown on the simple, low-cost, and disposable indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode. Through π-π interaction and electrostatic force, the AFP aptamer (Apt) and electrochemical probe, tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+), were coloaded onto graphene oxide (GO) through simple incubation, forming a 2D nanoscale recognition probe (Ru(bpy)32+/Apt@GO). Owing to the size exclusion effect of VMSF towards the 2D nanoscale probe, the electrochemical signal of Ru(bpy)32+/Apt@GO could not be detected. In the presence of AFP, the specific binding of AFP to the aptamer causes the dissociation of the aptamer and Ru(bpy)32+ from GO, resulting in their presence in the solution. The efficient electrostatic enrichment towards Ru(bpy)32+ by negatively charged VMSF allows for high electrochemical signals of free Ru(bpy)32+ in the solution. Linear determination of AFP ranged from 1 pg/mL to 1000 ng/mL and could be obtained with a low limit of detection (LOD, 0.8 pg/mL). The high specificity of the adapter endowed the constructed sensor with high selectivity. The fabricated probe can be applied in direct determination of AFP in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, Taiyuan Third People’s Hospital, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - Shiyue Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiyang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dongyuan Qin
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
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Li G, Li X, Singh R, Zhang G, Zhang B, Kumar S. Slide-type waveflex biosensor based on signal enhancement technology for alpha-fetoprotein detection. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:4745-4748. [PMID: 37707892 DOI: 10.1364/ol.501864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of signal enhancement technology in optical fiber biosensors is beneficial for the accurate measurement of low-concentration samples. Here, a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)-based fiber biosensor combining a slide-type fiber structure (thus named WaveFlex Biosensor) and low-dimensional materials is proposed for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) detection. A symmetric transverse offset splicing technology was used to fabricate the multi-mode fiber (MMF-multi-core fiber (MCF)-MMF structure. Furthermore, the MMF on one side was prepared into an S-taper, forming a slide-type fiber structure to generate more energy leakage. The LSPR signal generated by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was enhanced by the CeO2 NPs and C3N quantum dots functionalized on the fiber probe. The excellent performance of NPs was conducive to improving the sensitivity of the WaveFlex biosensor and enabling the rapid detection of samples. An AFP antibody was used to identify AFP micro-biomolecules in a specific manner. Based on the combination of the above two methods, the developed fiber probe was applied to detect AFP, and the sensitivity and limit of detection were 32 pm/(ng/mL) and 6.65 ng/mL, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that the signal-enhanced AFP WaveFlex biosensor has great potential for the rapid and accurate detection of AFP.
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