Zhou H, Tullius SG. Effects of obesity and weight-loss surgery shift the microbiome and impact alloimmune responses.
Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2021;
26:603-608. [PMID:
34714789 PMCID:
PMC8562884 DOI:
10.1097/mot.0000000000000920]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Obesity is a worldwide health problem with increasing rates in both children and adults. Bariatric surgery (BS) represents the only effective long-term treatment. Beneficial effects of BS may be mediated through shifts of the gut microbiome. Here, we introduce data linking the microbiome to alloimmune responses.
RECENT FINDINGS
The rapid development of microbiome sequencing technologies in addition to the availability of gnotobiotic facilities have enabled mechanistic investigations on modulations of alloimmune responses through microbiomes. BS has been shown to improve comorbidities and chronic inflammation caused by obesity. Changes in microbiota and microbiota-related metabolites may play a role. Patients either listed or having received a transplant have undergone weight loss surgery, thus allowing to dissect mechanisms of microbial shifts to alloimmunity.
SUMMARY
Weight loss and BS have the potential to improve transplant outcomes by ameliorating alloimmune responses. Those effects may be carried out through alterations of the gut microbiome.
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