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Wu Y, Mohd Sani SB, Peng K, Lin T, Tan C, Huang X, Li Z. Research progress of the Otubains subfamily in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117348. [PMID: 39208669 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In cancer research, oncogenesis can be affected by modulating the deubiquitination pathway. Ubiquitination regulates proteins post-translationally in variety of physiological processes. The Otubain Subfamily includes OTUB1 (ovarian tumor-associated proteinase B1) and OTUB2(ovarian tumor-associated proteinase B2). They are deubiquitinating enzymes, which are research hotspots in tumor immunotherapy, with their implications extending across the spectrum of tumor development. Understanding their important role in tumorigenesis, includ-ing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is crucial. HCC has alarming global incidence rates and mortality statistics, ranking among the top five prevalent cancers in Malaysia1. Numerous studies have consistently indicated significant expression of OTUB1 and OTUB2 in HCC cells. In addition, OTUB1 has important biological functions in cancer, suggesting its important role in tumorigenesis. However, the mechanism underlying the action of OTUB1 and OTUB2 in liver cancer remains inadequately explored. Therefore, Otubain Subfamily, as potential molecular target, holds promise for advancing HCC treatments. However, further clinical studies are required to verify its efficacy and application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang 13200, Malaysia.
| | - Sa'udah Badriah Mohd Sani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang 13200, Malaysia.
| | - Ke Peng
- Department of Neurology, School of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China.
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Anyang People's Hospital, Anyang, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Chenghao Tan
- Department of Social Science, Universiti Sain Malaysia, Gelugor, Penang 11700, Malaysia.
| | | | - Zhengrui Li
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Liu T, Zhai C, Tian B, Li C, Han S, Wang S, Xuan M, Liu D, Zhao Y, Zhao H, Yu W, Wang J. Downregulation of Roundabout guidance receptor 2 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by interacting with Y-box binding protein 1. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2588. [PMID: 38297025 PMCID: PMC10830551 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53013-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Roundabout guidance receptor 2 (Robo2) is closely related to malignant tumors such as pancreatic cancer and liver fibrosis, but there is no relevant research on the role of Robo2 in HCC. The study will further explore the function and mechanism of Robo2 and its downstream target genes in HCC. Firstly, Robo2 protein levels in human HCC tissues and paired adjacent normal liver tissues were detected. Then we established HepG2 and Huh7 hepatoma cell lines with knock-down Robo2 by transfection with lentiviral vectors, and examined the occurrence of EMT, proliferation and apoptosis abilities in HCC cells by western blot, flow cytometry, wound healing assay and TUNEL staining. Then we verified the interaction between Robo2 and its target gene by Co-IP and immunofluorescence co-staining, and further explored the mechanism of Robo2 and YB-1 by rescue study. The protein expression level of Robo2 in HCC was considerably higher than that in the normal liver tissues. After successfully constructing hepatoma cells with knock-down Robo2, it was confirmed that down-regulated Robo2 suppressed EMT and proliferation of hepatoma cells, and accelerated the cell apoptosis. High-throughput sequencing and validation experiments verified that YB-1 was the downstream target gene of Robo2, and over-expression of YB-1 could reverse the apoptosis induced by Robo2 down-regulation and its inhibitory effect on EMT and proliferation. Robo2 deficiency inhibits EMT and proliferation of hepatoma cells and augments the cell apoptosis by regulating YB-1, thus inhibits the occurrence of HCC and provides a new strategy for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Congjie Zhai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Shuangshuang Han
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Shihui Wang
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Mingda Xuan
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Dehua Liu
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Yunxia Zhao
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Weifang Yu
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China.
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China.
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Gu D, Tong M, Wang J, Zhang B, Liu J, Song G, Zhu B. Overexpression of the lncRNA HOTAIRM1 promotes lenvatinib resistance by downregulating miR-34a and activating autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:66. [PMID: 37171645 PMCID: PMC10182232 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00673-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant cancers in humans and has a high fatality rate. Despite pharmacological advances such as sorafenib and lenvatinib approval, responses are seen only in a limited fraction of HCCs, and the majority of HCC patients do not benefit from this treatment. In recent years, researchers have verified that the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) impact the efficiency of lenvatinib and the prognosis of patients with HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS This work obtained gene expression profile from an Arraystar lncRNA microarray. Expression of HOTAIRM1, Beclin-1, and p62 in HCC was characterized in clinical HCC tissues of 24 patients with HCC. Overexpression and knockdown experiments were performed in HCC cells to examine the effects of the HOTAIRM1 on lenvatinib sensitivity. The interactions between HOTAIRM1, miR-34a and Beclin-1 were predicted according to GSEA and CNC network. The effects of HOTAIRM1, autophagy and lenvatinib on tumor inhibit were validated in orthotopic tumor-bearing nude mouse model. RESULTS Lenvatinib-resistant HCC cell lines were established using the concentration gradient method. Data from an Arraystar lncRNA microarray indicated that HOTAIRM1, a specific lncRNA located in an evolutionarily highly conserved HOX gene cluster, was differentially expressed between lenvatinib-resistant HCC cells and their parental cells. Expression of HOTAIRM1 and Beclin-1 in HCC was characterized in clinical HCC tissues of 24 patients who have different sensitivity to lenvatinib. Knocking down of HOTAIRM1 decreased the autophagy level in lenvatinib-resistant HCC cells and increased their sensitivity to lenvatinib, especially when combined with autophagy inhibitors both in vitro and in vivo. Further study indicated that knocking down HOTAIRM1 in lenvatinib-resistant cell lines increased the level of miR-34a and inhibited the expression of Beclin-1 in Huh7-R and HepG2-R cells. Investigation according to GSEA and CNC network, lncRNA and nearby coding gene and lncRNA-miRNA analyses demonstrated that the resistance of HCC to lenvatinib was affected by the HOTAIRM1-miR-34a-Beclin-1 regulatory axis. CONCLUSION HOTAIRM1 is an independent drug resistance factor which significantly associated with the efficacy of lenvatinib in HCC. HOTAIRM1 may downregulation of miR-34a and upregulation of Beclin-1, leading to activation of autophagy, thereby inducing lenvatinib resistance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyan Gu
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Meng Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Bocheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Minimally Invasive Institute of Digestive Surgery and Prof. Cai's Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Guoqiang Song
- Department of Pulmonary, Department of Cancer Center, Changxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huzhou, 313100, China.
| | - Biao Zhu
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Huo J, Cai J, Wu L. Comprehensive analysis of metabolic pathway activity subtypes derived prognostic signature in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2022; 12:898-912. [PMID: 35651292 PMCID: PMC9844627 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolic reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of cancer, but metabolic pathway activity-related subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been identified. METHODS Based on the quantification results of 41 metabolic pathway activities by gene set variation analysis, the training cohort (n = 609, merged by TCGA and GSE14520) was clustered into three subtypes (C1, C2, and C3) with the nonnegative matrix factorization method. Totally 1371 differentially expressed genes among C1, C2, and C3 were identified, and an 8-gene risk score was established by univariable Cox regression analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method, and multivariable Cox regression analysis. RESULTS C1 had the strongest metabolic activity, good prognosis, the highest CTNNB1 mutation rate, with massive infiltration of eosinophils and natural killer cells. C2 had the weakest metabolic activity, poor prognosis, was younger, was inclined to vascular invasion and advanced stage, had the highest TP53 mutation rate, exhibited a higher expression level of immune checkpoints, accompanied by massive infiltration of regulatory T cells. C3 had moderate metabolic activity and prognosis, the highest LRP1B mutation rate, and a higher infiltration level of neutrophils and macrophages. Internal cohorts (TCGA, n = 370; GSE14520, n = 239), external cohorts (ICGC, n = 231; GSE116174, n = 64), and clinical subgroup validation showed that the risk score was applicable for patients with diverse clinical features and was effective in predicting the prognosis and malignant progression of patients with HCC. Compared with the low-risk group, the high-risk group had a poor prognosis, enhanced cancer stem cell characteristics, activated DNA damage repair, weakened metabolic activity, cytolytic activity, and interferon response. CONCLUSION We identified HCC subtypes from the perspective of metabolism-related pathway activity and proposed a robust prognostic signature for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Huo
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Jinzhen Cai
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Liqun Wu
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
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Ding Y, Yao J, Wen M, Liu X, Huang J, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Lv Y, Xie Z, Zuo J. The potential, analysis and prospect of ctDNA sequencing in hepatocellular carcinoma. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13473. [PMID: 35602894 PMCID: PMC9121877 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The genome map of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is complex. In order to explore whether circulating tumor cell DNA (ctDNA) can be used as the basis for sequencing and use ctDNA to find tumor related biomarkers, we analyzed the mutant genes of ctDNA in patients with liver cancer by sequencing. Methods We used next-generation targeted sequencing technology to identify mutations in patients with liver cancer. The ctDNA from 10 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (including eight cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and two cases of secondary hepatocellular carcinoma) was sequenced. We used SAMtools to detect and screen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion deletion mutations (INDELs) and ANNOVAR to annotate the structure and function of the detected mutations. Screening of pathogenic and possible pathogenic genes was performed using American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines. GO analysis and KEGG analysis of pathogenic and possible pathogenic genes were performed using the DAVID database, and protein-protein interaction network analysis of pathogenic and possible pathogenic genes was performed using the STRING database. Then, the Kaplan-Meier plotter database, GEPIA database and HPA database were used to analyse the relationship between pathogenic and possible pathogenic genes and patients with liver cancer. Results Targeted capture and deep sequencing of 560 cancer-related genes in 10 liver cancer ctDNA samples revealed 8,950 single nucleotide variation (SNV) mutations and 70 INDELS. The most commonly mutated gene was PDE4DIP, followed by SYNE1, KMT2C, PKHD1 and FN1. We compared these results to the COSMIC database and determined that ctDNA could be used for sequencing. According to the ACMG guidelines, we identified 54 pathogenic and possible pathogenic mutations in 39 genes in exons and splice regions of 10 HCC patients and performed GO analysis, KEGG analysis, and PPI network analysis. Through further analysis, four genes significantly related to the prognosis of liver cancer were identified. Conclusion In this study, our findings indicate that ctDNA can be used for sequencing. Our results provide some molecular data for the mapping of genetic variation in Chinese patients with liver cancer, which enriches the understanding of HCC pathogenesis and provides new ideas for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Ding
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China,University of South China, Transformation Research Lab, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Hengyang Medical School, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jingwei Yao
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China,University of South China, Transformation Research Lab, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Hengyang Medical School, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Meiling Wen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialu Huang
- University of South China, Transformation Research Lab, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Hengyang Medical School, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- University of South China, Transformation Research Lab, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Hengyang Medical School, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- University of South China, Transformation Research Lab, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Hengyang Medical School, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yufan Lv
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuoyi Xie
- University of South China, Transformation Research Lab, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Hengyang Medical School, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - JianHong Zuo
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China,University of South China, Transformation Research Lab, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Hengyang Medical School, Hengyang, Hunan, China,Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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6
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Houben P, Schimmack S, Unterrainer C, Döhler B, Mehrabi A, Süsal C. Rare Malignant Indications for Liver Transplantation: A Collaborative Transplant Study Report. Front Surg 2021; 8:678392. [PMID: 34926560 PMCID: PMC8678034 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.678392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is by far the leading malignant indication for liver transplantation (LT). Few other malignancies, including cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC), metastases from neuroendocrine tumors (NET), and sarcomas of the liver (LSAR), also are commonly accepted indications for LT. However, there is limited information on their outcome after LT. Methods: Graft and patient survival in 14,623 LTs performed in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, CCC, NET, and LSAR from 1988 to 2017 and reported to the Collaborative Transplant Study were analyzed. Results: The study group consisted of 13,862 patients who had HCC (94.8%), 498 (3.4%) who had CCC, 100 (0.7%) who had NET, and 163 (1.1%) who had LSAR. CCC patients showed a 5-year graft survival rate of 32.1%, strikingly lower than the 63.2% rate in HCC, 51.6% rate in NET, and 64.5% rate in LSAR patients (P < 0.001 for all vs. CCC). Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed a significantly higher risk of graft loss and death due to cancer during the first five post-transplant years in CCC vs. HCC patients (HR 1.77 and 2.56; P < 0.001 for both). The same risks were increased also in NET and LSAR patients but did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Among patients with rare malignant indications for LT, CCC patients showed significantly impaired graft as well as patient survival compared to HCC patients. The observed differences might challenge traditional decision-making processes for LT indication and palliative treatment in specific hepatic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Houben
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Schimmack
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Bernd Döhler
- Institute of Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arianeb Mehrabi
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Caner Süsal
- Institute of Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Transplant Immunology Research Center of Excellence, Koç Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey
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Gao L, Xue J, Liu X, Cao L, Wang R, Lei L. A scoring model based on ferroptosis genes for prognosis and immunotherapy response prediction and tumor microenvironment evaluation in liver hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:24866-24881. [PMID: 34839280 PMCID: PMC8660622 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent programmed cell death. Ferroptosis inducers have been shown to have a great potential for cancer therapy. We aimed to generate a risk scoring model based on ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and validate its predictive performances in overall survival (OS) prediction and immunotherapy efficacy evaluation in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC). Differential and Univariate Cox regression analyses were applied to analyze RNA-seq data of LIHC samples from TCGA and GEO databases to identify prognosis-related ferroptosis genes. Patients were assigned to three clusters (Ferrclusters A, B, and C) based on the cluster analysis of prognostic ferroptosis genes. The principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to build a risk scoring model based on differentially expressed FRGs. Survival analysis revealed that Ferrcluster B LIHC patients had a lower OS rate alongside more severe immune cell infiltration versus Ferrcluster A and C patients; moreover, the LIHC patients in high-ferrscore group had significantly lower survival than the low-ferrscore group. Compared to low-ferrscore patients, Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) mRNA expression significantly increased, and either PD-1 or PD-1 plus CTLA4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4) inhibitors showed unsatisfactory efficacy in high-ferrscore patients. Our study demonstrates the implication of FRGs in prognosis prediction and evaluation of immunotherapy efficacy in LIHC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, And College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Juan Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, And College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, And College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, And College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ruifang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, And College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Liangliang Lei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, And College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Zhou Y, Liu X, Gao Y, Tan R, Wu Z, Zhong Q, Zeng F. Paeoniflorin Affects Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Inhibiting Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway through Downregulation of 5-HT1D. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:1246-1253. [PMID: 33038910 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666201009153808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer with high mortality. Paeoniflorin is a pinane monoterpene picroside with anti-tumor effect isolated from Chinese peony root and white peony root. OBJECTIVE The study was conducted to investigate the underlying mechanism of Paeoniflorin (PF) regulating Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) progression via 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D (5-HT1D). METHODS HepG2 and SMMC-7721 hepatoma cells were treated with different concentrations of PF (0, 5, 10, 20 μM). Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were examined by CCK-8 and colony formation assays, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, and transwell assay, respectively. RTqPCR assay was used to detect the expression level of 5-HT1D, and Western blot assay was used to detect the expressions of 5-HT1D and Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins. RESULTS With the increase in PF concentration, the mRNA levels of 5-HT1D in HepG2 and SMMC- 7721 hepatoma cells were decreased in a dose-dependent manner, and the proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion ability of cells were gradually weakened, while the apoptosis rate was gradually increased. Overexpression of 5-HT1D significantly promoted the proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion of HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells, and increased the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins, β -actenin, survivin, C-myc, and Cyclin D1. Furthermore, 5-HT1D overexpression could reverse the effect of PF on hepatoma cells and inhibit the expressions of Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins. CONCLUSION PF may inhibit the progression of HCC by blocking Wnt/β-catenin pathway expression through downregulating 5-HT1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xun Liu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yahan Gao
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rulan Tan
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qixin Zhong
- Department of Cardiovascular, Shenzhen Hospital of GuangZhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6001 Beihuan Avenue, Futian District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong 518034, China
| | - Feng Zeng
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 12 Airport Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, China
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Zhou Y, Chai H, Guo L, Dai Z, Lai J, Duan J, Liu Y, Ding Q. Knockdown of CENPW Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Inactivating E2F Signaling. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211007253. [PMID: 33973496 PMCID: PMC8120521 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211007253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of centromere protein W (CENPW, also known as CUG2) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: CENPW expression in HCC tissues and cells was detected by RT-qPCR assay. CCK-8 and colony formation assay were used to assess cell proliferation. Wound healing and Transwell assay was used to detect cell migration and invasion, respectively. The flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. Results: CENPW expression was upregulated in HCC tissues and cells. Knockdown of CENPW inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced the G0/G1 phase arrest and cell apoptosis in HCC cells, which might involve the E2F signaling regulation. Conclusion: CENPW acted as an oncogenic role in HCC progression via activation E2F signaling. Our findings may provide new insights into the studying mechanisms of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Zhou
- Department of Physical Therapy, Qingdao No.6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Chai
- Department of Liver Disease, Qingdao No.6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qingdao No.6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongqiu Dai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qingdao No.6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianming Lai
- Medical College, 12593Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Duan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qingdao No.6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Liu
- Department of Ten Areas of Liver Disease, Qingdao No.6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qingdao No.6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Saad ZM, Fouad Y, Ali LH, Hassanin TM. Clinical Significance of Annexin A4 as a Biomarker in the Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:2661-2665. [PMID: 32986366 PMCID: PMC7779427 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.9.2661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancer worldwide. Early detection of HCC is crucial to improve prognosis and survival. Nearly 30 % of HCC patients present with normal serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP), which highlights the need for new biomarkers for HCC. Annexin A4 (ANXA4) is one of the annexin family with high expressions found in gastric, liver, lung, colorectal and ovarian cancers. Aim : to evaluate the clinical significance of ANXA4 in the early diagnosis of HCC. Methods: Thirty patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) related HCC were enrolled in this study. They were stage A according to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging and they were grade A or B according to Child Pugh Classification. Twenty patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis and 20 healthy persons seronegative for both HCV and HBV served as control group. ANXA4 and AFP were measured in serum of all cases. Results: Serum ANXA4 level was significantly higher in HCC patients compared to patients with liver cirrhosis and healthy controls (188, IQR 42-428 and 23, IQR 24-33 and and 21, IQR 22-24 ng / ml, respectively). By using the ROC curve, the area under the curve of ANXA4 was 0.972 and the best cut-off value was115 ng/ml, with sensitivity 95% and specificity 80%. Conclusion: The serum level of ANXA4 might be a good biomarker for the early detection of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zienab M Saad
- Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Yasser Fouad
- Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Lamia H Ali
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Taha M Hassanin
- Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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11
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Liu J, Yang X, Liang Q, Yu Y, Shen X, Sun G. Valproic acid overcomes sorafenib resistance by reducing the migration of Jagged2-mediated Notch1 signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 126:105820. [PMID: 32750425 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sorafenib resistance is a classic problem related to the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There is a recognized need to explore new drug resistance mechanisms and develop novel strategies to overcome the acquired resistance to sorafenib. Although one study has showed that the anti-epileptic drug valproic acid (VPA) could sensitize transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced sorafenib-resistant HCC cells, it is unclear whether VPA could reverse resistance to long-term clinical treatment with sorafenib. In this study, we successfully established sorafenib-resistant HCC cells by long-term sorafenib exposure. Compared with sensitive HCC cells, the proliferation, anti-apoptotic capability and migration of the sorafenib-resistant cells were enhanced. In addition, we found that VPA combined with sorafenib could overcome drug resistance by downregulating Jagged2-mediated Notch1 signaling pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins. Furthermore, the combination of VPA and sorafenib could obviously increase the sensitivity of drug-resistant cells in vitro and synergistically suppress tumor growth in vivo. These results provided a new insight that the use of VPA in combination with sorafenib was an effective method for clinically solving the problem of sorafenib resistance by modulating the Jagged2-mediated Notch1 signaling pathway and reversing the EMT phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qing Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoying Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guangchun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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12
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Lin L, Chen G, Chen Z, Lu J, Zhu W, Zhong J, Peng F, Huang A. Prognostic value of tumor stromal collagen features in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma revealed by second-harmonic generation microscopy. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 116:104513. [PMID: 32735795 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. The search for new biomarkers that predict the outcome of HCC patients is ongoing. We propose the second harmonic generation-based quantitative assessment approach to evaluate the prognostic value of tumor stromal collagen in HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated tumor stromal collagen in paraffin-embedded specimens from 109 HCC patients by second-harmonic generation imaging. The parameters and quantitative assessment of collagen were obtained using a fiber network extraction algorithm. The relationships between collagen features and clinical pathological features and overall survival were statistically analyzed. RESULT Among the collagen features, some parameters of aggregated collagen correlated well with clinical pathological features, especially the aggregated collagen cross-linked density. Cross-linked collagen fibers form a fiber network in moderately and poor differentiated HCCs. Kaplan-Meier analyses and the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model showed that high aggregated collagen cross-linked density was associated with poor overall survival. The chi-squared test showed that aggregated cross-link density was significantly associated with histological grade and tumor recurrence. CONCLUSION Our results indicate the prognostic value of the quantitative evaluation of tumor stromal collagen using second harmonic generation imaging of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Lin
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Oncology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, PR China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Jianping Lu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, PR China
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, PR China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, PR China
| | - Fengying Peng
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, PR China
| | - Aimin Huang
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Oncology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, PR China.
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CIK cell cytotoxicity is a predictive biomarker for CIK cell immunotherapy in postoperative patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:825-834. [PMID: 32060687 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02486-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adjuvant cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell immunotherapy has shown potential in improving the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after curative resection. However, whether an individual could obtain survival benefit from CIK cell treatment remains unknown. In the present study, we focused on the characteristics of CIK cells and aimed to identify the best predictive biomarker for adjuvant CIK cell treatment in patients with HCC after surgery. This study included 48 patients with HCC treated with postoperative adjuvant CIK cell immunotherapy. The phenotype activity and cytotoxic activity of CIK cells were determined by flow cytometry and xCELLigence™ Real-Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) system, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that the cytotoxic activity of CIK cells was significantly negative correlated with the percentage of CD3+ CD4+ cell subsets, but significantly positive correlated with CD3-CD56+ and CD3+ CD56+ cell subsets. Survival analysis showed that there were no significant associations between patients' prognosis and the phenotype of CIK cells. By contrast, there was statistically significant improvement in recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with high cytotoxic activity of CIK cells as compared with those with low cytotoxic activity of CIK cells. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that CIK cell cytotoxicity was an independent prognostic factor for RFS and OS. In conclusion, a high cytotoxic activity of CIK cells can serve as a valuable biomarker for adjuvant CIK cell immunotherapy of HCC patients after surgery.
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Yang B, Wang S, Xie H, Wang C, Gao X, Rong Y, Liu Z, Lu Y. KIF18B promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression through activating Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6507-6514. [PMID: 32052444 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the functional roles of kinesin family member 18B (KIF18B) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, as well as the related molecular mechanisms. Tissue specimens were collected from 105 patients with HCC, and the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of KIF18B were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry assays, respectively. The χ2 test was performed to estimate the association of KIF18B with clinical characteristics of patients with HCC. Effects of KIF18B expression on biological behaviors of HCC cells were detected by clone formation, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, and transwell assays. The expression patterns of proteins were investigated using Western blot analysis. HCC tissues and cell lines showed significant upregulation of KIF18B at both mRNA and protein levels (p > .05, for all). Furthermore, the elevated KIF18B expression was positively correlated with the tumor-node-metastasis stage (p = .015) and lymph node metastasis (p = .007). Knockdown of KIF18B might suppress HCC cell clone formation, proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Besides, the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway was also significantly inhibited after the KIF18B knockdown. However, the antitumor actions caused by KIF18B knockdown might be reversed by lithium chloride treatment, which was the inducer of Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathway. KIF18B may serve as an oncogene in HCC through enhancing the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Department of Comprehensive Liver Cancer, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shengzhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunping Wang
- Department of Comprehensive Liver Cancer, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Gao
- Department of Comprehensive Liver Cancer, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yihui Rong
- Department of Comprehensive Liver Cancer, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenwen Liu
- Liver Transplantation Research Center, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yinying Lu
- Department of Comprehensive Liver Cancer, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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15
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Hongfeng Z, Andong J, Liwen S, Mingping B, Xiaowei Y, Mingyong L, Aimin Y. lncRNA RMRP knockdown suppress hepatocellular carcinoma biological activities via regulation miRNA-206/TACR1. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1690-1702. [PMID: 31579977 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA, RNA component of mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease (RMRP) plays an important role in cancer development and is closely correlated with prognosis in cancer patients. However, whether RMRP affects prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression level of RMRP in HCC and its correlation with prognosis in patients with HCC and explain the effects and associated mechanisms by conducting an in vitro study. The high expression level of RMRP was correlated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Using in vitro analysis, RMRP knockdown suppressed HCC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration (P < .05). miRNA-206 overexpression had similar effects in HCC cell lines (Bel-7402 and Huh-7). Using Western blot analysis and cellular immunofluorescence detection, RMRP downregulation significantly suppressed TACR1/Erk1/2 pathway, while miRNA-206 was significantly upregulated (P < .05). RMRP downregulation inhibits HCC-related biological activities by the regulation of miRNA-206/TACR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Hongfeng
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Xinxiang Central Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Ju Andong
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Xinxiang Central Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Sun Liwen
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Xinxiang Central Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Bi Mingping
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Xinxiang Central Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yang Xiaowei
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Xinxiang Central Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Li Mingyong
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Xinxiang Central Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yue Aimin
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Xinxiang Central Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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Pinato DJ. Therapeutic hierarchy in hepatocellular carcinoma: A dispute of evidence versus practice. Liver Int 2019; 39:1622-1623. [PMID: 31503411 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David J Pinato
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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17
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Wen P, Chen SD, Wang JR, Zeng YH. Comparison of Treatment Response and Survival Profiles Between Drug-Eluting Bead Transarterial Chemoembolization and Conventional Transarterial Chemoembolization in Chinese Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study. Oncol Res 2019; 27:583-592. [PMID: 31053181 PMCID: PMC7848295 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15368325811545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the difference in treatment response and survival profiles between drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) and conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) treatments in Chinese hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. A total of 120 HCC patients were consecutively enrolled in this prospective cohort study, which showed that DEB-TACE achieved higher complete response (CR) (30.8%) compared with cTACE (7.4%) with no difference in overall response rate (ORR) for patients treated with DEB-TACE and cTACE (80.8% vs. 73.5%). In addition, DEB-TACE was associated with a lower rate of progressive disease (PD) compared with cTACE (1.9% vs. 11.8%). With respect to survival, patients in the DEB-TACE group achieved median progression-free survival (PFS) of 15 months (95% CI 12-18 months), which was longer than the cTACE group [median PFS 11 months (95% CI 10-12 months)]. Median overall survival (OS) was also longer with DEB-TACE [25 months (95% CI 22-28 months)] when compared with cTACE [21 months (95% CI 18-24 months)]. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that DEB-TACE was an independent predictive factor for achieving CR. Univariate Cox's regression analysis revealed that DEB-TACE was a predictive factor for prolonged PFS and OS, while multivariate analysis demonstrated that DEB-TACE was not an independent factor for predicting PFS or OS. In conclusion, we found that DEB-TACE achieved higher treatment response and prolonged survival compared with cTACE in Chinese HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wen
- Division of Liver Disease, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Garden Hill School District, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Duo Chen
- Division of Liver Disease, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Garden Hill School District, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Rui Wang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Ying-He Zeng
- Division of Liver Disease, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Garden Hill School District, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
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Zhang X, Lin X, Qiu H, Peng Z. An investigation of efficacy, safety, and prognostic factors of drug-eluting beads-transarterial chemoembolization operation with CalliSpheres ® Microspheres in treating Chinese hepatocellular carcinoma patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 33:e22975. [PMID: 31328832 PMCID: PMC6805711 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate treatment response, survival profiles, safety profiles, and predictive factors of drug-eluting beads-transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) with CalliSpheres® Microspheres (CSM) in treating Chinese hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. METHODS A total of 66 HCC patients about to receive DEB-TACE with CSM therapy were consecutively enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Treatment response was recorded. Besides, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were also recorded. All adverse events including pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, and liver function damage were recorded during hospitalization. RESULTS 37.9% of patients achieved complete response (CR) and 81.8% of patients achieved an objective response rate (ORR). For survival, mean PFS and OS were 13.7 (11.7-15.8) months and 18.8 (95% CI: 16.3-21.2) months, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a number of nodules ≥2 was an independent factor for worse CR; moreover, multivariate Cox's regression analysis disclosed that largest sample size ≥5 cm was an independent factor for shorter PFS, and Child-Pugh B and BCLC stage B/C were independent predictive factors for unfavorable OS. As to AEs, numbers of patients suffered liver function damage, pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever were 29 (43.9%), 27 (40.9%), 22 (33.3%), 13 (19.7%), and 37 (56.1%), respectively. CONCLUSION Drug-eluting beads-transarterial chemoembolization with CSM is an effective and tolerated treatment for Chinese HCC patients, and number of nodules ≥2, largest nodule size ≥5 cm, Child-Pugh stage B, and BCLC stage B/C correlates with unfavorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, Shengzhou People's Hospital, Shengzhou, China
| | - Huafeng Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Shengzhou People's Hospital, Shengzhou, China
| | - Zhiyi Peng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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N-Acetyltransferase 10 Enhances Doxorubicin Resistance in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines by Promoting the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7561879. [PMID: 31354912 PMCID: PMC6636470 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7561879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background N-Acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) has been reported to be expressed at high levels in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, its role in chemoresistance is unclear. This study is aimed at investigating whether NAT10 regulates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and chemoresistance in HCC. Methods HCC cell lines (Huh-7, Bel-7402, SNU387, and SNU449) were treated with remodelin, an inhibitor of NAT10, or transfected with small inhibitory RNAs (siRNAs) targeting NAT10 or Twist. The EMT was induced by hypoxia. The CCK-8 assay was used to quantify cell viability, the EdU incorporation assay to assess cell proliferation. siRNA knockdown efficiency and epithelial/mesenchymal marker expression were assessed by western blotting. Results Knockdown of NAT10 using siRNA or inhibition of NAT10 using remodelin increased the sensitivity of HCC cell lines to doxorubicin; similar effects were observed in cells transfected with the Twist siRNA. Inhibition of NAT10 using remodelin also reversed the ability of doxorubicin to induce the EMT in HCC cells. Furthermore, inhibiting NAT10 reversed the hypoxia-induced EMT. Finally, we confirmed that combining doxorubicin with remodelin delayed tumor growth and reduced tumor cell proliferation in a mouse xenograft model of HCC. Conclusions NAT10 may contribute to chemoresistance in HCC by regulating the EMT. The mechanism by which NAT10 regulates the EMT and doxorubicin sensitivity in HCC cells merits further investigation.
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CCN2-MAPK-Id-1 loop feedback amplification is involved in maintaining stemness in oxaliplatin-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int 2019; 13:440-453. [PMID: 31250351 PMCID: PMC6661033 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-019-09960-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Chemotherapy is an alternative treatment for advanced HCCs, but chemo-resistance prevents cancer therapies from achieving stable and complete responses. Understanding the underlying mechanisms in chemo-resistance is critical to improve the efficacy of HCC. Methods The expression levels of Id-1 and CCN2 were detected in large cohorts of HCCs, and functional analyses of Id-1 and CCN2 were performed both in vitro and in vivo. cDNA microarrays were performed to evaluate the alterations of expression profiling of HCC cells with overexpression of CCN2. Finally, the role of downstream signaling of MAPK/Id-1 signaling pathway in oxaliplatin resistance were also explored. Results The increased expression of Id-1 and CCN2 were closely related to oxaliplatin resistance in HCC. Upregulation of CCN2 and Id-1 was independently associated with shorter survival and increased recurrence in HCC patients, and significantly enhanced oxaliplatin resistance and promoted lung metastasis in vivo, whereas knock-down of their expression significantly reversed the chemo-resistance and inhibited HCC cell stemness. cDNA microarrays and PCR revealed that Id-1 and MAPK pathway were the downstream signaling of CCN2. CCN2 significantly enhanced oxaliplatin resistance by activating the MAPK/Id-1 signaling pathway, and Id-1 could upregulate CCN2 in a positive feedback manner. Conclusions CCN2/MAPK/Id-1 loop feedback amplification is involved in oxaliplatin resistance, and the combination of oxaliplatin with inhibitor of CCN2 or MAPK signaling could provide a promising approach to ameliorating oxaliplatin resistance in HCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s12072-019-09960-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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21
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Farag RMA, Al Ayobi D, Alsaleh KA, Kwon HJ, EL-Ansary A, Dawoud EA. Studying the Impact of Golgi Protein 73 Serving as a Candidate Biomarker in Early Diagnosis for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
among Saudi Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:215-220. [PMID: 30678434 PMCID: PMC6485586 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.1.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Due to the prevalence of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Saudi Arabia, using new markers to give best diagnostic performance than alpha-feto protein (AFP) are important in early diagnosis. The aim of this work was to compare the significance between serum and mRNA Golgi glypican73 (GP-73) as newly identified diagnostic and prognostic markers for HCC among Saudi patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 300 subjects were divided into: 250 blood samples where 145 samples from HCC, 105 samples from chronic liver cirrhosis (CLC) and 50 normal controls were investigated for serum GP73 (sGP73) by ELISA. GP-73 mRNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was amplified by RT-PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of both techniques was compared. Results: Serum Golgi glypican 73 was significantly higher in HCC group compared to cirrhotic and normal controls (p<0.001). Sensitivity and specificity were 95% for sGP-73, 100% and 90% for Golgi glypican 73 mRNA. The combination of sensitivity between AFP and sGP73 was 80% and 95% respectively. Conclusion: Both serum Golgi glypican-73 and GP-73Mrna are good diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of HCC in Saudi patients. RT-PCR is more accurate and sensitive (100%) than ELISA (95%) in detecting Golgi glypican 73.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Mohamed Ahmed Farag
- Health Sciences Research Center (HSCR), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Kingdom Saudi Arabia.
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Liu T, Tian L, Fu X, Wei L, Li J, Wang T. Saffron inhibits the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma via inducing cell apoptosis. Panminerva Med 2019; 62:7-12. [PMID: 30657284 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.18.03561-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer remains the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of saffron on liver cancer cell line QGY-7703 and the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS Cell growth was detected by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay and cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry. Besides, cell apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin V/PI (Propidium Iodide) staining, and the senescent cells morphology staining of β-galactosidase was evaluated by microscopy. In addition, ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) Kit was used to assess the activity of telomerase. Moreover, reverse transcription-PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and Western blot analysis was applied to detect mRNA and protein expression levels, respectively. RESULTS Saffron treatment in QGY-7703 cells could significantly inhibit cell growth, arrest cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, and induce cell apoptosis. Besides, the treatment of saffron could obviously decrease telomerase activity and hTERT level in QGY-7703 cells. In addition, enhanced Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and increased expression of P21 were found in saffron-treated cells. Moreover, we found that the number of senescent cells increased dramatically and the morphology of cells changed obviously after saffron treatment. CONCLUSIONS Saffron administration may provide some experimental evidence for the inhibitory effect of saffron on the proliferation of QGY-7703 cells, suggesting that saffron may have potential utility for the treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy of Traditional Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Xuefeng Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Wulian County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao, China
| | - Lili Wei
- Preventive Vaccination Clinics, the People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Surgery, the People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China -
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Tsilimigras DI, Rahnemai-Azar AA, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Gavriatopoulou M, Moris D, Spartalis E, Cloyd JM, Weber SM, Pawlik TM. Current Approaches in the Management of Hepatic Adenomas. J Gastrointest Surg 2019; 23:199-209. [PMID: 30109469 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-018-3917-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatic adenomas (HAs) are a benign and relatively rare type of liver neoplasms. We review the diagnosis, evaluation, and potential therapeutic management options for patients with HA. METHODS A comprehensive review of the English literature was performed utilizing MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science databases with end of search date the 30th April of 2018. In PubMed, the terms "hepatocellular," "hepatic," "liver," and "adenoma," "adenomatosis" were searched in the title and/or abstract. RESULTS Recent advances in molecular classification of HA have determined distinct subtypes with specific clinical, pathological, and imaging characteristics. In general, cessation of exogenous hormonal administration or weight loss may lead to HA regression. Surgical resection, either open or laparoscopic, should be considered in patients with symptoms and risk factors for hemorrhage or malignant transformation. These risk factors include tumor diameter greater than 5 cm, β-catenin activated subtype, and/or male gender. The management of acute hemorrhage should primarily aim at achieving hemodynamic stability via angioembolization followed by elective resection, whereas malignant transformation is treated according to oncologic resection principles. Although pregnancy is one of the known risk factors for tumor growth and associated complications, the presence of an HA per se should not be considered a contradiction to pregnancy. CONCLUSION Future genomic-based multicenter studies are required to provide a strong basis for formulating an evidence-based risk-adapted model that guides individualized management strategies for patients with HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diamantis I Tsilimigras
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Amir A Rahnemai-Azar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gavriatopoulou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios Moris
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Eleftherios Spartalis
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Jordan M Cloyd
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sharon M Weber
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Surgery, The Urban Meyer III and Shelley Meyer Chair for Cancer Research, Oncology, Health Services Management and Policy, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Ave., Suite 670, Columbus, OH, USA.
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MA Farag RM, AlAyobi D, A Alsaleh K, Kwon HJ, EL-Ansary A, Dawoud EA. Influence of Glypican-3 as Anewly Diagnostic Biomarker in Earlydetection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma among Saudi Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.13005/bpj/1550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In Saudi Arabia AFP considered the main serum marker for diagnostic Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), due to the continuous detection of HCC in Saudi Arabia, using new biomarkers for early surveillance are essential to control in prevalence of HCC. The present study depend on compare the significant between serum and mRNA Glypican-3 (GPC-3) as newly identified diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for HCC between study cases. And combined sensitivity of AFP and GPC-3. Three hundred study cases, divided into: 250 blood samples were 145 samples from HCC , 105 samples from chronic liver cirrhosis (CLC) and 50 normal controls were investigated for serum GPC-3 (sGPC-3) by Sandwich ELISA. Glypican-3 mRNA from whole blood cells was detected by quantitative RT-PCR. The comparison between two techniques was by sensitivity and specificity. The results of sGPC-3 showed higher significant in HCC group than CLC and normal controls (p<0.001). sGPC-3 sensitivity was 95% and specificity was 100%, while in GPC-3 mRNA were 100% and 94% respectively. The combination of sensitivity between AFP and sGPC-3 was 80% and 95% respectively. The data demonstrated that, can depend on sGPC-3 and Glypican-3 mRNA as tumor biomarkers for detection and surveillance of Hepatocellular carcinoma in Saudi patients. The sensitivity of Reverse Transcriptase-PCR is high accurate (100%) than estimating sGPC-3 by ELISA (95%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Mohamed MA Farag
- Virology and Molecular biology, Health Sciences Research Center (HSCR), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Kingdom Saudi Arabia, KSA
| | - Dujana AlAyobi
- Genetic, Biology department, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Kingdom Saudi Arabia, KSA
| | - Khalid A Alsaleh
- Oncology and Hematology, college of Medicine, King Saud University (KSU), Kingdom Saudi Arabia, KSA
| | - Hye-Joo Kwon
- Molecular biology, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Kingdom Saudi Arabia, KSA
| | | | - Emad Anwar Dawoud
- Hepatopathology, Faculty of Medicine, EL-Azher University and Specialist Physician, Oncology Clinic-Medical Affaies, Tawam Hospital, AL Ain, UAE
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Zhang N, Liu X, Liu L, Deng Z, Zeng Q, Pang W, Liu Y, Song D, Deng H. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibition promotes lysosome-dependent degradation of c-FLIP L in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:230. [PMID: 29445085 PMCID: PMC5833564 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is a ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine kinase involved in a variety of functions ranging from the control of glycogen metabolism to transcriptional regulation. We recently demonstrated that GSK-3β inhibition triggered ASK1-JNK-dependent apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. However, the comprehensive picture of downstream GSK-3β-regulated pathways/functions remains elusive. In this study, we showed that GSK-3β was aberrantly activated in HCC. Pharmacological inhibition and genetic depletion of GSK-3β suppressed the growth and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in HCC cells. In addition, GSK-3β inhibition-induced apoptosis through downregulation of c-FLIPL in HCC, which was caused by biogenesis of functional lysosomes and subsequently c-FLIPL translocated to lysosome for degradation. This induction of the lysosome-dependent c-FLIPL degradation was associated with nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis. Moreover, GSK-3β inhibition-induced TFEB translocation acts through activation of AMPK and subsequently suppression of mTOR activity. Thus our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which inhibition of GSK-3β promotes lysosome-dependent degradation of c-FLIPL. Our study shows that GSK-3β may become a promising therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaojia Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhesong Deng
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Qingxuan Zeng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Weiqiang Pang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Danqing Song
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Hongbin Deng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Zhen C, Zhu C, Chen H, Xiong Y, Tan J, Chen D, Li J. Systematic analysis of molecular mechanisms for HCC metastasis via text mining approach. Oncotarget 2017; 8:13909-13916. [PMID: 28108733 PMCID: PMC5355149 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To systematically explore the molecular mechanism for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis and identify regulatory genes with text mining methods. Results Genes with highest frequencies and significant pathways related to HCC metastasis were listed. A handful of proteins such as EGFR, MDM2, TP53 and APP, were identified as hub nodes in PPI (protein-protein interaction) network. Compared with unique genes for HBV-HCCs, genes particular to HCV-HCCs were less, but may participate in more extensive signaling processes. VEGFA, PI3KCA, MAPK1, MMP9 and other genes may play important roles in multiple phenotypes of metastasis. Materials and methods Genes in abstracts of HCC-metastasis literatures were identified. Word frequency analysis, KEGG pathway and PPI network analysis were performed. Then co-occurrence analysis between genes and metastasis-related phenotypes were carried out. Conclusions Text mining is effective for revealing potential regulators or pathways, but the purpose of it should be specific, and the combination of various methods will be more useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhen
- Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | | | | | - Yiru Xiong
- Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Junyuan Tan
- Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Jin Li
- Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
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Jia Q, Bu Y, Wang Z, Chen B, Zhang Q, Yu S, Liu Q. Maintenance of stemness is associated with the interation of LRP6 and heparin-binding protein CCN2 autocrined by hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:117. [PMID: 28870205 PMCID: PMC5584530 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0576-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The overall response rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to chemotherapy is poor. In our previous study, oxaliplatin-resistant HCC is found to exhibit an enhanced stemness, and increased levels of CCN2 and LRP6, while the role of CCN2 and LRP6 in the prognosis of HCC patients, and the interaction regulation mechanism between CCN2 and LRP6 are still unclear. Methods The expression levels of CCN2 and LRP6 were detected in large cohorts of HCCs, and functional analyses of CCN2 and LRP6 were performed both in vitro and in vivo. The roles of cell surface heparin sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) in the mutual regulatory between CCN2 and LRP6 were verified in HCC, and the interventions of low molecular weight heparin sodium (LMWH) were explored. Results CCN2 and LRP6 were overexpressed in HCCs, and the CCN2 and LRP6 levels were positively associated with the malignant phenotypes and poor prognosis of HCCs. LRP6 could significantly upregulate the expression of CCN2. Meanwhile, CCN2 was able to enhance malignant phenotype of HCC cells in a dose-dependent manner through binding with LRP6; and knock-down of LRP6 expression, perturbation of HSPGs, co-incubation of CCN2 with LMWH could significantly block the adhesion of CCN2 to LRP6. LMWH enhanced the therapeutic effect of oxaliplatin on HCC with a high CCN2 expression. Conclusions CCN2 plays a promoting role in HCC progression through activating LRP6 in a HSPGs-dependent manner. Heparin in combination with chemotherapy has a synergic effect and could be a treatment choice for HCCs with a high CCN2 expression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-017-0576-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingan Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yang Bu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bendong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Qiangbo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Songning Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Qingguang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Frailty as a Risk Predictor of Morbidity and Mortality Following Liver Surgery. J Gastrointest Surg 2017; 21:822-830. [PMID: 28265844 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-017-3373-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the increasing number of elderly and comorbid patients undergoing surgery, there is increased interest in preoperatively identifying patients at high risk of morbidity and mortality following liver resection. We sought to develop and validate the use of a frailty index (FI) to predict poor postoperative outcomes following liver surgery. METHODS Patients undergoing a liver resection were identified using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Hepatectomy-targeted database for 2014 and randomized into a training or validation cohort. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to develop a revised frailty index (rFI) to predict adverse postoperative clinical outcomes. Leave one out cross-validation was performed to validate the proposed rFI. RESULTS A total of 2714 patients were identified who met the inclusion criteria. Postoperatively, 826 patients (30.4%) developed a postoperative complication, while 39 patients died within 30 days of surgery. Five preoperative variables (ASA class, BMI, serum albumin, hematocrit, underlying pathology, and type of liver resection) were used to develop the rFI. The rFI demonstrated good discrimination (AUROC = 0.68) and outperformed the previously proposed modified frailty index (mFI; AUROC = 0.53, p < 0.001) when evaluated among patients included in the training cohort. On validation, the rFI demonstrated good model discrimination (AUROC = 0.68) and was accurately able to risk-stratify patients within the validation cohort at risk for developing a postoperative complication, prolonged length-of-stay, and postoperative mortality (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Frailty, as measured by the rFI, was predictive of increased risk of morbidity and mortality following liver surgery and can be used to guide patient decision-making.
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Shaker MK, Abdel Fattah HI, Sabbour GS, Montasser IF, Abdelhakam SM, El Hadidy E, Yousry R, El Dorry AK. Annexin A2 as a biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients. World J Hepatol 2017; 9:469-476. [PMID: 28396717 PMCID: PMC5368624 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v9.i9.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the clinical utility of serum annexin A2 (ANXA2) as a diagnostic marker for early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
METHODS This study was performed in HCC Clinic of Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt and included: Group 1: Fifty patients with early stage HCC (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A); Group 2: Twenty five patients with chronic liver disease; and Control Group: Fifteen healthy, age- and sex-matched subjects who were seronegative for viral hepatitis markers. The following laboratory investigations were done: Viral hepatitis markers [hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies], HCV RNA in HCV antibody-positive patients, serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP), and serum ANXA2 levels.
RESULTS In this study, 88% of HCC patients (n = 44) were HCV-positive, while HBV infection represented only 8% of all HCC patients (n = 4); and two patients were negative for both viral markers. A highly significant difference was found between patients with HCC and chronic liver disease as well as controls with regard to serum ANXA2 levels (130, IQR 15-240; 15, IQR 15-17; and 17, IQR 15-30 ng/mL, respectively). The area under the curve of ANXA2 was 0.865; the cut-off value was established to be 18 ng/mL with a diagnostic sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 88%, while the sensitivity and specificity of AFP at the cut-off value of 200 ng/dL were 20% and 100%, respectively.
CONCLUSION Serum ANXA2 may serve as a biomarker for the early detection of HCC.
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30
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Stepien M, Hughes DJ, Hybsier S, Bamia C, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Affret A, His M, Boutron-Ruault MC, Katzke V, Kühn T, Aleksandrova K, Trichopoulou A, Lagiou P, Orfanos P, Palli D, Sieri S, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Panico S, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Weiderpass E, Lasheras C, Bonet Bonet C, Molina-Portillo E, Dorronsoro M, Huerta JM, Barricarte A, Ohlsson B, Sjöberg K, Werner M, Shungin D, Wareham N, Khaw KT, Travis RC, Freisling H, Cross AJ, Schomburg L, Jenab M. Circulating copper and zinc levels and risk of hepatobiliary cancers in Europeans. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:688-696. [PMID: 28152549 PMCID: PMC5344297 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper and zinc are essential micronutrients and cofactors of many enzymatic reactions that may be involved in liver-cancer development. We aimed to assess pre-diagnostic circulating levels of copper, zinc and their ratio (Cu/Zn) in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic bile duct (IHBD) and gall bladder and biliary tract (GBTC) cancers. METHODS A nested case-control study was conducted within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Serum zinc and copper levels were measured in baseline blood samples by total reflection X-ray fluorescence in cancer cases (HCC n=106, IHDB n=34, GBTC n=96) and their matched controls (1:1). The Cu/Zn ratio, an indicator of the balance between the micronutrients, was computed. Multivariable adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (OR; 95% CI) were used to estimate cancer risk. RESULTS For HCC, the highest vs lowest tertile showed a strong inverse association for zinc (OR=0.36; 95% CI: 0.13-0.98, Ptrend=0.0123), but no association for copper (OR=1.06; 95% CI: 0.45-2.46, Ptrend=0.8878) in multivariable models. The calculated Cu/Zn ratio showed a positive association for HCC (OR=4.63; 95% CI: 1.41-15.27, Ptrend=0.0135). For IHBC and GBTC, no significant associations were observed. CONCLUSIONS Zinc may have a role in preventing liver-cancer development, but this finding requires further investigation in other settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Stepien
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 39372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - David J Hughes
- Department of Physiology and Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sandra Hybsier
- Institut for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité–Universitatsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Bamia
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens 115 27, Germany
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens 115 27, Germany
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Diet, Genes and Environment Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Aurélie Affret
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Mathilde His
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens 115 27, Germany
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens 115 27, Germany
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute–ISPO, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens 115 27, Germany
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens 115 27, Germany
| | - Phlippos Orfanos
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens 115 27, Germany
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens 115 27, Germany
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute–ISPO, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, ‘Civic–M.P.Arezzo' Hospital, ASP 97100 Ragusa, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, Grugliasco, 10095 Turin, Italy
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartamento di Medicina Clinicae Chirurgias, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - H B(as) Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, W2 1NY London, UK
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, The School of Public Health, Imperial College, W2 1NY London, UK
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, NO-0304 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 Stockholm, Sweden
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00250 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cristina Lasheras
- Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, CP 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Catalina Bonet Bonet
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer.Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Molina-Portillo
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, 18080 Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER- CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- Public Health Direction and Biodonostia Research Institute–Ciberesp Basque Regional Health Department, s/n 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER- CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, E-30008 Murcia, Spain
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER- CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31003 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Bodil Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, SE-205 92 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Klas Sjöberg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, SE-205 92 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mårten Werner
- Department of Public Health and Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Dmitry Shungin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine and Institute of Odontology Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nick Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, CB2 0QQ Cambridge, UK
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, CB2 0QQ Cambridge, UK
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health University of Oxford, OX3 7LF Oxford, UK
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 39372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, W2 1NY London, UK
| | - Lutz Schomburg
- Institut for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité–Universitatsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 39372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
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Jiang Z, Jiang X, Chen S, Lai Y, Wei X, Li B, Lin S, Wang S, Wu Q, Liang Q, Liu Q, Peng M, Yu F, Weng J, Du X, Pei D, Liu P, Yao Y, Xue P, Li P. Anti-GPC3-CAR T Cells Suppress the Growth of Tumor Cells in Patient-Derived Xenografts of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Immunol 2017; 7:690. [PMID: 28123387 PMCID: PMC5225101 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of a general clinic-relevant model for human cancer is a major impediment to the acceleration of novel therapeutic approaches for clinical use. We propose to establish and characterize primary human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenografts that can be used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of adoptive chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and accelerate the clinical translation of CAR T cells used in HCC. METHODS Primary HCCs were used to establish the xenografts. The morphology, immunological markers, and gene expression characteristics of xenografts were detected and compared to those of the corresponding primary tumors. CAR T cells were adoptively transplanted into patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of HCC. The cytotoxicity of CAR T cells in vivo was evaluated. RESULTS PDX1, PDX2, and PDX3 were established using primary tumors from three individual HCC patients. All three PDXs maintained original tumor characteristics in their morphology, immunological markers, and gene expression. Tumors in PDX1 grew relatively slower than that in PDX2 and PDX3. Glypican 3 (GPC3)-CAR T cells efficiently suppressed tumor growth in PDX3 and impressively eradicated tumor cells from PDX1 and PDX2, in which GPC3 proteins were highly expressed. CONCLUSION GPC3-CAR T cells were capable of effectively eliminating tumors in PDX model of HCC. Therefore, GPC3-CAR T cell therapy is a promising candidate for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Suimin Chen
- Luogang Chinese Medicine Hospital , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yunxin Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinru Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baiheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Simiao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suna Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiubin Liang
- Guangdong Zhaotai InVivo Biomedicine Co. Ltd , Guangzhou , China
| | - Qifa Liu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Muyun Peng
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changcha , China
| | - Fenglei Yu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changcha , China
| | - Jianyu Weng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital , Guangzhou , China
| | - Duanqing Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pentao Liu
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute , Cambridge , UK
| | - Yao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Xue
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Shi Q, Shi X, Zuo G, Xiong W, Li H, Guo P, Wang F, Chen Y, Li J, Chen DL. Anticancer effect of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh2 on HepG2 liver carcinoma cells: Activating GSK-3β and degrading β-catenin. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:2059-70. [PMID: 27573179 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
20(S)-ginsenoside Rh2 [(S)Rh2] possesses potential to prevent cancer in vitro as well as in vivo, but the underlying mechanism is still unknown. First, we infected HepG2 cells with lentivirus which carries β‑catenin. We detected the pharmacological effects of (S)Rh2 on HepG2 and HepG2‑β‑catenin cells and found that the IC50 of (S)Rh2 exposure on HepG2-β-catenin cells was higher than HepG2 cells. Flow cytometry (FCM) indicated that (S)Rh2 could be arrested in G0/G1 phase and induce early apoptosis in HepG2 and HepG2‑β‑catenin cells. Second, ELISA kit was used to check the activity of glycogen synthase kinase‑3β (GSK‑3β), which was upregulated by (S)Rh2. GSK‑3β inhibitor BIO, was used to verify that (S)Rh2 activated GSK‑3β. PCR and western blotting results indicated that (S)Rh2 could degrade the expression of β‑catenin, which combined with TCF in the nucleus and activate transcription of Wnt target genes, such as Bax, Bcl‑2, cyclin D1, MMP3, which were checked by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), PCR and western blotting. The results showed that the expression of Bax mRNA and proteins increased, while the cyclin D1, Bcl‑2, MMP3 mRNA and proteins were downregulated in HepG2 and HepG2‑β‑catenin cells which was induced by (S)Rh2. By contrast, with the HepG2-β-catenin + (S)Rh2 group, the expression of other mRNA and proteins in HepG2 + (S)Rh2 group changed significantly. In vivo, experiments were performed using a nude mouse xenograft model to investigate the (S)Rh2 effect. So these results suggested that (S)Rh2 could suppress proliferation, promote apoptosis and inhibit metastasis of HepG2, decrease weight of tumor by downregulating β‑catenin through activating GSK‑3β and the pharmacological effect of (S)Rh2 on HepG2 cells might be weakened by overexpression of β‑catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqiang Shi
- Emergency Department of First People's Hospital of Chongqing New North Zone, Chongqing 401121, P.R. China
| | - Xueping Shi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Gei Zuo
- Laboratory of Clinical Diagnostics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Haixing Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Pei Guo
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Fen Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yi Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Di-Long Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Abstract
PURPOSE To describe imaging findings in biphenotypic hepatic tumors (BPT) and a proposal for new imaging classification based on contrast-enhanced imaging. METHODS Retrospective review of CT, MRI, PET/CT, and ultrasound findings in 39 patients with histologically confirmed BPT was performed. Tumor markers including AFP, L3 fraction, CA 19.9, CA 125, and CEA were recorded. Based on the dynamic enhancement features, BPT were categorized into 4 enhancement patterns (Types 1-4). Enhancement patterns were correlated with other imaging findings and tumor markers. Imaging features and tumor markers that were not consistent with diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma based on enhancement pattern were considered discordant findings. RESULTS Enhancement patterns in 29 patients (CT/MR) included 23 Type 2 (continuous peripheral rim of late arterial hyperenhancement with washout or fade in portal venous and/or delayed phases, ±delayed central enhancement) and 2 of each Types 1, 2, and 3. Discordant imaging findings were present in two patients with Type 2 pattern and in one patient with Type 1 pattern. Both AFP and CA 19.9 were elevated in 15 of 33 of patients. Tumor markers AFP and CA 19.9 were discordant in 17 of 21 patients with Type 2 pattern, two of two patients with Type 3 pattern. Most BPTs were markedly PET avid with average SUV max of 8.2. Most frequent ultrasound appearance is peripheral hypoechogenicity and central hyperechogenicity. CONCLUSIONS BPT most commonly present with imaging features similar to cholangiocarcinoma or metastases. BPT can be suggested when imaging findings or tumor markers are discordant with the most likely diagnosis based on enhancement pattern.
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Li W, Wang Y, Kellner DB, Zhao L, Xu L, Gao Q. Efficacy of RetroNectin-activated cytokine-induced killer cell therapy in the treatment of advanced hepatocelluar carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:707-714. [PMID: 27347204 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of RetroNectin-activated cytokine-induced killer cell (R-CIK) therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients as compared with conventional chemotherapy, a comparison that has not yet been thoroughly studied. From January 2010 to October 2013, 74 patients with an initial diagnosis of advanced hepatocelluar carcinoma were enrolled in the study. Patients were assigned to one of two treatment arms: patients in arm 1 (n=37) received R-CIK treatment as the first line therapy, whereas those in arm 2 (n=37) received chemotherapy as the first line treatment. The primary end point measured in this study was median overall survival (mOS). Median progression-free survival time (mPFS) and 1- and 2-year survival rates were recorded as secondary end points. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed on all mOS and mPFS data, and treatment hazard ratios were established using the Cox proportional hazards model. The 1-year survival rate in treatment arm 1 was 42.47% vs. 24.89% in arm 2 (95% CI, 24.91-59.01% vs. 12.10-40.02%, P=0.066); the 2-year survival rates were 21.24 and 5.53% (95% CI, 4.60-45.86 vs. 0.46-21.06%, P=0.106) in arms 1 and 2, respectively; the mPFS in arm 1 was 4.37 vs. 3.90 (x2=0.182, P=0.670) in arm 2; and the mOS in arm 1 was 14.03 months vs. 9.46 months(x2=4.406, P=0.036) in arm 2. Calculations of univariate analyses of arm 1, R-CIK cycles ≥6, KPS >70, AFP ≤400 ng/ml, and findings of no vascular invasion and no extra-hepatic metastasis were potential predictive factors (P<0.05). Calculations from multivariate analyses similarly identified these factors as potentially having predictive value (P<0.05). The main adverse effects of R-CIK therapy included fever and headache pain. R-CIK treatment may prolong mOS in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients compared with conventional chemotherapy. Patients who underwent ≥6 cycles of R-CIK, had KPS scores >70, AFP ≤400 ng/ml, displayed no evidence of vascular invasion, and no extra-hepatic metastasis appeared to have longer survival times compared with other cohorts in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Yaomei Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Daniel B Kellner
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lingdi Zhao
- Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Linping Xu
- Department of Research and Foreign Affairs, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Quanli Gao
- Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
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Grandhi MS, Kim AK, Ronnekleiv-Kelly SM, Kamel IR, Ghasebeh MA, Pawlik TM. Hepatocellular carcinoma: From diagnosis to treatment. Surg Oncol 2016; 25:74-85. [PMID: 27312032 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer overall and the second most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma accounts for up to 90% of all primary hepatic malignancies and represents a major international health problem. While surgical resection and transplantation are the cornerstone of therapy in early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma, locoregional therapy and sorafenib are beneficial in those with more advanced disease or those who are not surgical candidates. At times, the integration of both surgical and locoregional therapy may be necessary. Hence, hepatocellular carcinoma requires a multidisciplinary approach to determine the most appropriate treatment as well as the timing of various treatments for optimal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miral Sadaria Grandhi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amy K Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sean M Ronnekleiv-Kelly
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ihab R Kamel
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mounes A Ghasebeh
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Xu L, Kim Y, Spolverato G, Gani F, Pawlik TM. Racial disparities in treatment and survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2016; 5:43-52. [PMID: 26904556 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2304-3881.2015.08.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continue to increase across the United States (US), disparities may exist relative to treatment modality and survival. The objective of the present study was to determine the factors associated with racial differences in survival among patients with HCC in the US. METHODS The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to identify patients with HCC between 1998 and 2012 in the US. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to examine associations between type of therapy and race, while a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was built to determine the effect of race on survival. RESULTS A total of 58,186 patients with HCC were identified. Over two-thirds of patients were white (n=39,223, 67.4%), while 18.3% were Asian (n=10,665), 13.1% black (n=7,620) and 1.2% native American (n=678). In comparison to other racial groups, Asian patients with HCC tended to be older [white vs. black vs. native American vs. Asian: median age: 63 years, interquartile range (IQR), 55-73 vs. 59 years, IQR, 53-66 vs. 59 years, IQR, 53-69 vs. 64 years, IQR, 55-73, P<0.001] and were diagnosed with larger tumors (white vs. black vs. native American vs. Asian: median tumor size: 4.8 cm, IQR, 3.0-8.0 vs. 5.1 cm, IQR, 3.1-8.7 vs. 4.8 cm, IQR, 3.0-7.3 vs. 5.5 cm, IQR, 3.1-9.0, P<0.001). Asian patients were also less likely to present with concomitant cirrhosis (white vs. black vs. native American vs. Asian: 81.8% vs. 77.7% vs. 83.2% vs. 69.1%, P<0.001) while elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein more were often noted among black patients (white vs. black vs. native American vs. Asian: 25.5% vs. 14.9% vs. 22.2% vs. 21.8%, P<0.001). Compared to other racial groups, Asian patients were most likely to receive any form of treatment (white vs. black vs. native American vs. Asian: 29.2% vs. 25.2% vs. 27.6% vs. 34.4%, P<0.001). In particular, after controlling for potential confounders, Asian patients demonstrated the greatest odds of undergoing surgery (OR: 1.48, 95% CI, 1.13-1.95, P=0.01). The median overall survival (OS) was 11 months with the worst prognosis noted among black patients. After accounting for disease and patient factors, Asian patients demonstrated the lowest risk for death [hazard ratio (HR): 0.76, 95% CI, 0.66-0.87, P<0.001] while no differences were noted in the risk of death among other racial groups (all P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Significant racial differences were noted in presentation, treatment and survival among patients with HCC. Further research is necessary to better understand socio-demographic and biological factors driving racial disparities in care. Future policies should aim to improve access to care among racial/ethnic minorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- 1 Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Maryland, USA ; 2 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510275, China ; 3 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuhree Kim
- 1 Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Maryland, USA ; 2 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510275, China ; 3 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Gaya Spolverato
- 1 Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Maryland, USA ; 2 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510275, China ; 3 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Faiz Gani
- 1 Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Maryland, USA ; 2 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510275, China ; 3 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- 1 Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Maryland, USA ; 2 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510275, China ; 3 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Stepien M, Fedirko V, Duarte-Salles T, Ferrari P, Freisling H, Trepo E, Trichopoulou A, Bamia C, Weiderpass E, Olsen A, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Boutron-Ruault MC, Fagherazzi G, Racine A, Kühn T, Kaaks R, Aleksandrova K, Boeing H, Lagiou P, Benetou V, Trichopoulos D, Palli D, Grioni S, Tumino R, Naccarati A, Panico S, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Lund E, Quirós JR, Nápoles OC, Sánchez MJ, Dorronsoro M, Huerta JM, Ardanaz E, Ohlsson B, Sjöberg K, Werner M, Nystrom H, Khaw KT, Key TJ, Gunter M, Cross A, Riboli E, Romieu I, Jenab M. Prospective association of liver function biomarkers with development of hepatobiliary cancers. Cancer Epidemiol 2016; 40:179-87. [PMID: 26773278 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Serum liver biomarkers (gamma-glutamyl transferase, GGT; alanine aminotransferase, ALT; aspartate aminotransferase, AST; alkaline phosphatase, ALP; total bilirubin) are used as indicators of liver disease, but there is currently little data on their prospective association with risk of hepatobiliary cancers. METHODS A nested-case control study was conducted within the prospective EPIC cohort (>520,000 participants, 10 European countries). After a mean 7.5 mean years of follow-up, 121 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 34 intrahepatic bile duct (IHBC) and 131 gallbladder and biliary tract (GBTC) cases were identified and matched to 2 controls each. Circulating biomarkers were measured in serum taken at recruitment into the cohort, prior to cancer diagnosis. Multivariable adjusted conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (OR; 95%CI). RESULTS In multivariable models, 1SD increase of each log-transformed biomarker was positively associated with HCC risk (OR(GGT)=4.23, 95%CI:2.72-6.59; OR(ALP)=3.43, 95%CI:2.31-5.10;OR(AST)=3.00, 95%CI:2.04-4.42; OR(ALT)=2.69, 95%CI:1.89-3.84; OR(Bilirubin)=2.25, 95%CI:1.58-3.20). Each liver enzyme (OR(GGT)=4.98; 95%CI:1.75-14.17; OR(AST)=3.10, 95%CI:1.04-9.30; OR(ALT)=2.86, 95%CI:1.26-6.48, OR(ALP)=2.31, 95%CI:1.10-4.86) but not bilirubin (OR(Bilirubin)=1.46,95%CI:0.85-2.51) showed a significant association with IHBC. Only ALP was significantly associated with GBTC risk (OR(ALP)=1.59, 95%CI:1.20-2.09). CONCLUSION This study shows positive associations between circulating liver biomarkers in sera collected prior to cancer diagnoses and the risks of developing HCC or IHBC, but not GBTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Stepien
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Rollins School of Public Health, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Talita Duarte-Salles
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | | | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece; Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Bamia
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anja Olsen
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Inserm, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health team, Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Inserm, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health team, Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Antoine Racine
- Inserm, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health team, Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece; Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Vassiliki Benetou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Trichopoulos
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Hellenic Health Foundation, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Domenico Palli
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic-M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartamento di Medicina Clinicae Chirurgias, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Dt. for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Dt. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands,; Dt. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Dt. of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eiliv Lund
- epartment of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | | | | | - María-José Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health-CIBERESP, Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- Public Health Direction and Biodonostia-Ciberesp, Basque Regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health-CIBERESP, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health-CIBERESP, Spain; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Bodil Ohlsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, SUS Malmö, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Klas Sjöberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, SUS Malmö, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mårten Werner
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Hanna Nystrom
- Department of Surgery, Department of Perioperative and Surgical Sciences, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Gerontology, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Gunter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France.
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Jia Q, Dong Q, Qin L. CCN: core regulatory proteins in the microenvironment that affect the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma? Oncotarget 2016; 7:1203-14. [PMID: 26497214 PMCID: PMC4811454 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) results from an underlying chronic liver inflammatory disease, such as chronic hepatitis B or C virus infections, and the general prognosis of patients with HCC still remains extremely dismal because of the high frequency of HCC metastases. Throughout the process of tumor metastasis, tumor cells constantly communicate with the surrounding microenvironment and improve their malignant phenotype. Therefore, there is a strong rationale for targeting the tumor microenvironment as primary treatment of HCC therapies. Recently, CCN family proteins have emerged as localized multitasking signal integrators in the inflammatory microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of CCN family proteins in inflammation and the tumor. We also propose that the CCN family proteins may play a central role in signaling the tumor microenvironment and regulating the metastasis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingan Jia
- Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiongzhu Dong
- Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lunxiu Qin
- Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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39
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Xu L, Wang J, Kim Y, Shuang ZY, Zhang YJ, Lao XM, Li YQ, Chen MS, Pawlik TM, Xia JC, Li SP, Lau WY. A randomized controlled trial on patients with or without adjuvant autologous cytokine-induced killer cells after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncoimmunology 2015; 5:e1083671. [PMID: 27141337 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1083671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS There is no generally accepted adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative resection. Autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells therapy has been reported to improve outcomes of patients with HCC, but its role as an adjuvant therapy remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CIK as an adjuvant therapy for HCC after curative resection. METHODS This is a single center, phase 3, open label, randomized controlled trial (RCT). Two hundred patients who were initially diagnosed with HCC of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage A or B, and underwent curative hepatectomy were randomly assigned to receive four cycles of CIK treatment (the CIK group, n = 100) or no treatment (the control group, n = 100). The primary outcome was time to recurrence. The secondary outcomes included disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS) and adverse events. RESULTS All patients in the CIK group finished the treatment by protocol. The median time to recurrence (TTR) was 13.6 (IQR 6.5-25.2) mo in the CIK group and 7.8 (IQR 2.7-17.0) mo in the control group (p = 0.01). There were no significant differences between the groups in DFS and OS. All adverse events were grade 1 or 2. There were no significant differences in incidence between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Four cycles of CIK therapy were safe and effective to prolong the median TTR in patients with HCC after curative resection, but the treatment did not improve the DFS and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhree Kim
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ze-Yu Shuang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang-Ming Lao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min-Shan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jian-Chuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sheng-Ping Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wan-Yee Lau
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital , Hong Kong S.A.R., China
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Chen J, Jin R, Zhao J, Liu J, Ying H, Yan H, Zhou S, Liang Y, Huang D, Liang X, Yu H, Lin H, Cai X. Potential molecular, cellular and microenvironmental mechanism of sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2015; 367:1-11. [PMID: 26170167 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Renan Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanning Ying
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Han Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Senjun Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuelong Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Diyu Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Jiang BG, Yang Y, Liu H, Gu FM, Yang Y, Zhao LH, Yuan SX, Wang RY, Zhang J, Zhou WP. SOCS3 Genetic Polymorphism Is Associated With Clinical Features and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Receiving Hepatectomy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1344. [PMID: 26447993 PMCID: PMC4616756 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) protein is associated with incidence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the association between the genetic polymorphism of SOCS3 gene and HCC remains unknown. A total of 254 HCC patients and 354 healthy controls were enrolled. All HCC patients underwent partial hepatectomy as initial treatment and were followed. Three SOCS3 gene polymorphisms, namely, rs4969170 A>G, rs8064821 C>T, and rs12953258 C>A were determined. Our data show that the rs4969170 A>G polymorphism dramatically affects the susceptibility to HCC in our cohorts. Logistic regression analyses revealed that the rs4969170 GG is a risk factor for HCC after the adjustment with confounding factors. The rs4969170A>G polymorphism is also associated with the clinical features of HCC patients and predicts the postoperative relapse-free survival and overall survival. The rs4969170GG genotype carrier had a worse prognosis than the rs4969170AG and rs4969170AA carrier. Our findings suggest that the rs4969170A>G polymorphism of SOCS3 gene may be used as a prognostic predictor for HCC patients who underwent surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Ge Jiang
- From the Department of Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China (B-GJ, YY, HL, F-MG, YY, L-HZ, S-XY, R-YW, JZ, W-PZ)
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Chan LW, Liu Y, Chan T, Law HK, Wong SCC, Yeung AP, Lo KF, Yeung SW, Kwok KY, Chan WY, Lau TY, Shyu CR. PubMed-supported clinical term weighting approach for improving inter-patient similarity measure in diagnosis prediction. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2015; 15:43. [PMID: 26032596 PMCID: PMC4450834 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-015-0166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Similarity-based retrieval of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) from large clinical information systems provides physicians the evidence support in making diagnoses or referring examinations for the suspected cases. Clinical Terms in EHRs represent high-level conceptual information and the similarity measure established based on these terms reflects the chance of inter-patient disease co-occurrence. The assumption that clinical terms are equally relevant to a disease is unrealistic, reducing the prediction accuracy. Here we propose a term weighting approach supported by PubMed search engine to address this issue. METHODS We collected and studied 112 abdominal computed tomography imaging examination reports from four hospitals in Hong Kong. Clinical terms, which are the image findings related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), were extracted from the reports. Through two systematic PubMed search methods, the generic and specific term weightings were established by estimating the conditional probabilities of clinical terms given HCC. Each report was characterized by an ontological feature vector and there were totally 6216 vector pairs. We optimized the modified direction cosine (mDC) with respect to a regularization constant embedded into the feature vector. Equal, generic and specific term weighting approaches were applied to measure the similarity of each pair and their performances for predicting inter-patient co-occurrence of HCC diagnoses were compared by using Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis. RESULTS The Areas under the curves (AUROCs) of similarity scores based on equal, generic and specific term weighting approaches were 0.735, 0.728 and 0.743 respectively (p < 0.01). In comparison with equal term weighting, the performance was significantly improved by specific term weighting (p < 0.01) but not by generic term weighting. The clinical terms "Dysplastic nodule", "nodule of liver" and "equal density (isodense) lesion" were found the top three image findings associated with HCC in PubMed. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the optimized similarity measure with specific term weighting to EHRs can improve significantly the accuracy for predicting the inter-patient co-occurrence of diagnosis when compared with equal and generic term weighting approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Wc Chan
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
| | - Tao Chan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Helen Kw Law
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - S C Cesar Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Andy Ph Yeung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - K F Lo
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - S W Yeung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - K Y Kwok
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - William Yl Chan
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Thomas Yh Lau
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chi-Ren Shyu
- Informatics Institute and Department of Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Xu L, Zhou DS, Zhao J, Spolverato G, Zhang YJ, Li SP, Chen MS, Pawlik TM. Long-term therapy with sorafenib is associated with pancreatic atrophy. J Surg Res 2015; 199:314-21. [PMID: 26115806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the short-term adverse effects of sorafenib are well known, few data exist on long-term toxicity. The objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of pancreatic atrophy among a cohort of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who were treated with sorafenib for ≥2 y. METHODS Between March 2007 and December 2013, 31 patients with HCC who were treated with sorafenib for ≥2 y were identified. The effect of pancreatic atrophy and enhancement on incidence of adverse events, tumor response, and overall survival (OS) were assessed. RESULTS Thirty-one patients with HCC were treated with sorafenib for ≥2 y and met inclusion criteria; 11 patients (35.5%) were Barcelona-clinic liver cancer stage B, whereas 20 patients (64.5%) were Barcelona-clinic liver cancer stage C. Median duration of treatment with sorafenib was 35.2 mo. Pancreatic atrophy and a decrease in pancreatic enhancement occurred in 24 patients (77.4%) and 15 patients (48.4%), respectively. On the basis of the modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors, four patients (12.9%) had a complete response, 10 patients (32.3%) had a partial response, and 17 patients (54.8%) had stable disease. Patients treated with sorafenib with pancreatic atrophy had a median OS of 49.4 mo (95% confidence interval, 41.2-57.5 mo) compared with 31.2 mo (95% confidence interval, 25.7-36.7 mo) among patients who did not develop pancreatic atrophy (P = 0.009). In contrast, survival was not associated with decreased versus normal enhancement of the pancreas (OS, 47.7 mo versus 41.7 mo, respectively; P = 0.739). CONCLUSIONS Pancreatic atrophy occurred in many HCC patients after 2 y of treatment with sorafenib. Patients who experienced pancreatic atrophy had a better tumor response and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dong-Sheng Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gaya Spolverato
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Ping Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Shan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Sommer CM, Stampfl U, Kauczor HU, Pereira PL. [National S3 guidelines on hepatocellular carcinoma]. Radiologe 2015; 54:642-53. [PMID: 25047521 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-014-2656-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CLINICAL/METHODICAL ISSUE Evidence-based therapeutic and diagnostic algorithm for hepatocellular carcinoma. STANDARD RADIOLOGICAL METHODS Ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, image-guided percutaneous biopsy, percutaneous thermal ablation and transarterial chemoembolization. METHODICAL INNOVATIONS Diagnostic and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma according to the official German interdisciplinary guidelines. PERFORMANCE The formulation of the German S3 guidelines on diagnosis and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma was performed under special consideration of quality indicators and standardized quality improvement methods. ACHIEVEMENTS In 2013 the German S3 guidelines on diagnosis and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma were published and clinically implemented as part of the nationwide guideline program in oncology of the Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft (German Cancer Society). PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS The German S3 guidelines on diagnosis and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma have to be considered as the national gold standard with the goal of optimization of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Sommer
- Abteilung für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Radiologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
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Page AJ, Cosgrove DC, Herman JM, Pawlik TM. Advances in understanding of colorectal liver metastasis and implications for the clinic. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 9:245-59. [PMID: 25033964 DOI: 10.1586/17474124.2014.940897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in both the USA and Europe. Over the course of diagnosis, treatment and surveillance, up to 50% of these patients will develop metastases to their liver. In the past 20 years alone, there have been multiple advances in the management of these colorectal metastases to the liver. These advances have been made in characterization of these tumors, diagnosis and in treatment, both locally and systemically. Because of this progress, there are subsets of patients with this stage IV disease who are cured of their disease. While significant progress has been made, there still exist limitations in the management of metastatic colorectal cancer to the liver. This review outlines current strategies and highlights recent advances in the management of colorectal liver metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Page
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Blalock 688, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Shi QQ, Zuo GW, Feng ZQ, Zhao LC, Luo L, You ZM, Li DY, Xia J, Li J, Chen DL. Effect of Trichostatin A on Anti HepG2 Liver Carcinoma Cells: Inhibition of HDAC Activity and Activation of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:7849-55. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.18.7849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Shi Q, Li J, Feng Z, Zhao L, Luo L, You Z, Li D, Xia J, Zuo G, Chen D. Effect of ginsenoside Rh2 on the migratory ability of HepG2 liver carcinoma cells: recruiting histone deacetylase and inhibiting activator protein 1 transcription factors. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:1779-85. [PMID: 25051397 PMCID: PMC4148366 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In previous experiments, ginsenoside Rh2 induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, which indicates a potential role for ginsenoside Rh2 in anticancer treatment. The effect of ginsenoside Rh2 on cancer is marked and ginsenoside Rh2 has been shown to inhibit pancreatic tumor migratory ability. In the present study, Transwell chambers were used in order to investigate whether ginsenoside Rh2 inhibits the migratory ability of HepG2 liver carcinoma cells. Furthermore, to analyze activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor expression following Rh2 treatment, ten plasmids encoding Renilla luciferase coupled to the transcription factors were transiently transfected into the HepG2 cells and luciferase was detected by the Luciferase Reporter Assay system reagent. The results indicated that ginsenoside Rh2 inhibited HepG2 cell migratory ability. The expression levels of AP-1 transcription factors were increased in HepG2 cells following induction by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, but ginsenoside Rh2 suppressed this induced AP‑1 expression. AP-1 transcription factors recruit histone deacetylase (HDAC)4 and affect its transcription, thus, the expression levels of HDAC4 were also analyzed, and these were found to be increased in the Rh2 treatment group. Matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3), a gene downstream of AP-1, was then investigated, and the treatment group expressed reduced levels of MMP3 gene and protein. Therefore, the inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rh2 on the migratory ability of HepG2 may be presumed to occur by the recruitment of HDAC and the resulting inhibition of AP‑1 transcription factors, in order to reduce the expression levels of MMP3 gene and protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqiang Shi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, P.R. China
| | - Ziqiang Feng
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, P.R. China
| | - Lvcui Zhao
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, P.R. China
| | - Lian Luo
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, P.R. China
| | - Zhimei You
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, P.R. China
| | - Danyang Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xia
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, P.R. China
| | - Guowei Zuo
- Laboratory of Clinical Diagnostics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, P.R. China
| | - Dilong Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, P.R. China
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