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Xie D, Zhong Y, Deng J, She Y, Zhang L, Fan J, Jiang G, Zhu Y, Jiang L, Chen C. Comparison of uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic versus thoracotomy bronchial sleeve lobectomy with pulmonary arterioplasty for centrally located non-small-cell lung cancer. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 59:978-986. [PMID: 33966071 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of bronchial sleeve lobectomy with pulmonary arterioplasty by uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (UniVATS) in centrally located non-small-cell lung cancer. METHODS One hundred and two thoracotomy and 31 UniVATS cases were included in this retrospective, single-centre study. Baseline characteristics, perioperative performance and survival outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS Compared with the thoracotomy group, the UniVATS group was associated with lower postoperative blood transfusion rate (P = 0.043), decreased postoperative hospital stays (P = 0.008), shorter drainage duration (P = 0.003) and less drainage volume during the first postoperative 24 h (P = 0.005). Besides, the 3-year overall survival and recurrence-free survival were comparable between the 2 groups (log-rank, P = 0.81 and P = 0.78, respectively). In addition, squamous cell carcinoma was proved to be the independent favourable predictor for overall survival [hazard ratio (HR) 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.24-0.80; P = 0.008], and advanced pathological stage was found to be independently associated with worse overall survival (IIIB stage: HR 3.21, 95% CI 1.13-9.12; P = 0.028) and recurrence-free survival (IIIB stage: HR 3.54, 95% CI 1.32-9.51; P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS With appropriate patient selection, UniVATS sleeve lobectomy with pulmonary arterioplasty is feasible and safe for centrally located lung cancer in the hands of thoracic surgeons with extensive thoracoscopy experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajun Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunlang She
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gening Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuming Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Daffrè E, Prieto M, Martini K, Hoang-Thi TN, Halm N, Dermine H, Bobbio A, Chassagnon G, Revel MP, Alifano M. Total Psoas Area and Total Muscular Parietal Area Affect Long-Term Survival of Patients Undergoing Pneumonectomy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081888. [PMID: 33920022 PMCID: PMC8071015 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no standardization in methods to assess sarcopenia; in particular the prognostic significance of muscular fatty infiltration in lung cancer patients undergoing surgery has not been evaluated so far. We thus performed several computed tomography (CT)-based morphometric measurements of sarcopenia in 238 consecutive non-small cell lung-cancer patients undergoing pneumonectomy from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2015. Sarcopenia was assessed by the following CT-based parameters: cross-sectional total psoas area (TPA), cross-sectional total muscle area (TMA), and total parietal muscle area (TPMA), defined as TMA without TPA. Measures were performed at the level of the third lumbar vertebra and were obtained for the entire muscle surface, as well as by excluding fatty infiltration based on CT attenuation. Findings were stratified for gender, and a threshold of the 33rd percentile was set to define sarcopenia. Furthermore, we assessed the possibility of being sarcopenic at both the TPA and TPMA level, or not, by taking into account of not fatty infiltration. Five-year survival was 39.1% for the whole population. Lower TPA, TMA, and TPA were associated with lower survival at univariate analysis; taking into account muscular fatty infiltration did not result in more powerful discrimination. Being sarcopenic at both psoas and parietal muscle level had the optimum discriminating power. At the multivariable analysis, being sarcopenic at both psoas and parietal muscles (considering the whole muscle areas, including muscular fat), male sex, increasing age, and tumor stage, as well as Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), were independently associated with worse long-term outcomes. We conclude that sarcopenia is a powerful negative prognostic factor in patients with lung cancer treated by pneumonectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Daffrè
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France; (E.D.); (M.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Mathilde Prieto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France; (E.D.); (M.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Katharina Martini
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Trieu-Nghi Hoang-Thi
- Department of Radiology, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France; (T.-N.H.-T.); (N.H.); (G.C.); (M.P.R.)
| | - Nara Halm
- Department of Radiology, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France; (T.-N.H.-T.); (N.H.); (G.C.); (M.P.R.)
| | - Hervè Dermine
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France;
| | - Antonio Bobbio
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France; (E.D.); (M.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Guillaume Chassagnon
- Department of Radiology, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France; (T.-N.H.-T.); (N.H.); (G.C.); (M.P.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Marie Pierre Revel
- Department of Radiology, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France; (T.-N.H.-T.); (N.H.); (G.C.); (M.P.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France; (E.D.); (M.P.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris, 75006 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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Wang ZM, Swierzy M, Balke D, Nachira D, González-Rivas D, Badakhshi H, Ismail M. Dynamic nomogram for long-term survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer after pneumonectomy. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:2276-2287. [PMID: 34012578 PMCID: PMC8107554 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-20-3203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The study aims to identify prognostic factors of overall survival (OS) in patients who had pneumonectomy, in order to develop a practical dynamic nomogram model. Methods A total of 2,255 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent pneumonectomy were identified from 2010-2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The cohort was divided into a training (2011-2015) and a validation [2010] cohort. A nomogram and a risk classification system were constructed from the independent survival factors in multivariable analysis. The predictive accuracy of the nomogram was measured through internal and external validation. Results Independent prognostic factors associated with OS were gender, age, pathology, tumor size, N stage, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The C-index of the nomogram for OS was 0.675 (95% CI: 0.655-0.694). Similarly, the AUC of the model was 0.733, 0.709, and 0.701 for the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS, respectively. The calibration curves for survival demonstrated good agreement. Significant statistical differences were found in the OS of patients within different risk groups. An online calculation tool was established for clinical use. Conclusions This novel nomogram was able to provide a reliable prognosis for survival in patients with NSCLC undergoing pneumonectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ming Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann Potsdam, Academic Hospital of the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Humboldt University Berlin, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Marc Swierzy
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann Potsdam, Academic Hospital of the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Humboldt University Berlin, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dany Balke
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann Potsdam, Academic Hospital of the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Humboldt University Berlin, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dania Nachira
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy
| | - Diego González-Rivas
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann Potsdam, Academic Hospital of the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Humboldt University Berlin, Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery Unit, Coruña University Hospital, Coruña, Spain
| | - Harun Badakhshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann Potsdam, Academic Hospital of the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Humboldt University Berlin, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Ismail
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann Potsdam, Academic Hospital of the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Humboldt University Berlin, Potsdam, Germany
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Yu JH, Wang CL, Liu Y, Wang JM, Lv CX, Liu J, Zhang Q, Fu XL, Cai XW. Study of the predictors for radiation pneumonitis in patient with non-small cell lung cancer received radiotherapy after pneumonectomy. Cancer Radiother 2021; 25:323-329. [PMID: 33446419 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the valuable predictors of grade≥2 radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patient treated with radiotherapy after pneumonectomy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); and to construct a nomogram predicting the incidence of grade≥2 RP in such patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS We reviewed 82 patients with NSCLC received radiotherapy after pneumonectomy from 2008 to 2018. The endpoint was grade≥2 RP. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis were conducted to evaluate significant factors of grade≥2 RP. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to establish optimal cutoff values and the nomogram was built to make the predictive model visualized. Descriptive analysis was performed on 5 patients with grade 3 RP. RESULTS A total of 22(26.8%) patients developed grade 2 RP and 5(6.1%) patients were grade 3 RP. V5, V10, V20, V30, MLD, PTV, and PTV/TLV were associated with the occurrence of grade≥2 RP in univariate analysis, while none of the clinical factors was significant; V5(OR,1.213;95%CI,1.099-1.339; P<0.001) and V20(OR,1.435;95%CI,1.166-1.765; P=0.001) were the independent significant predictors by multivariate analysis and were included in the nomogram. The ROC analysis for the cutoff values for predicting grade≥2 RP were V5>23% (AUC=0.819, sensitivity:0.701, specificity:0.832) and V20>8% (AUC=0.812, sensitivity:0.683, specificity:0.811). Additionally, grade≥3 RP did not occur when V5<30%, V20<13% and MLD<751.2cGy, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that V5 and V20 were independent predictors for grade≥2 RP in NSCLC patients receiving radiotherapy after pneumonectomy. Grade 3 RP did not occur whenV5<30%, V20<13% and MLD<751.2cGy, respectively. In addition, patient underwent right pneumonectomy may have a lower tolerance to radiation compared to left pneumonectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-H Yu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030 China
| | - C-L Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030 China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Statistics, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J-M Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030 China
| | - C X Lv
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030 China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030 China
| | - Q Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030 China
| | - X-L Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030 China
| | - X-W Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030 China.
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Shewale JB, Correa AM, Brown EL, Leon-Novelo LG, Nyitray AG, Antonoff MB, Hofstetter WL, Mehran RJ, Rice DC, Walsh GL, Roth J, Vaporciyan AA, Swisher SG, Sepesi B. Time Trends of Perioperative Outcomes in Early Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Resection Patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 109:404-411. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Wang W, Men Y, Wang J, Zhou Z, Chen D, Xiao Z, Feng Q, Lv J, Liang J, Bi N, Gao S, Wang L, Hui Z. Postoperative radiotherapy is effective in improving survival of patients with stage pIII-N2 non-small-cell lung Cancer after pneumonectomy. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:478. [PMID: 31113432 PMCID: PMC6530017 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5692-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There were few reports of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in stage pIII-N2 Non-small-cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving pneumonectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. This study aims to evaluate safety and efficacy of PORT among these patients. Methods Between Jan. 2004 and Dec. 2015, stage pIII-N2 NSCLC patients receiving pneumonectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy with or without PORT in our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Results Totally 119 patients were included, 32 patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy and PORT (PORT group) and 87 receiving adjuvant chemotherapy alone (Control group). There were more patients with non-R0 resection in PORT group than Control group (25% vs. 8%, p = 0.031). In PORT group, ≥Grade 2 radiation-induced pneumonitis was 2/32. No severe radiation-related heart injury was observed. There was no PORT-related death. Of all patients, median follow-up time was 25 months. Median overall survival time (mOS) and median disease-free survival time (mDFS) were 46 months and 15 months, respectively. The PORT group had significantly better OS (not reached vs. 34 months, p = 0.003), DFS (19 months vs. 13 months, p = 0.024), local recurrence free survival (LRFS, p = 0.012), and distant metastasis free survival (DMFS, p = 0.047) than the Control group. As for failure pattern, PORT significantly reduced local regional failure rate (39.1% vs. 15.6%, p = 0.016). In subgroup analysis, patients with R0 resection (n = 104), OS and LRFS in PORT group were significantly longer, and PORT tended to increase DFS and DMFS. Conclusion For patients with stage pIII-N2 NSCLC after pneumonectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy, PORT can improve OS, DFS, LRFS and DMFS with tolerable toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yu Men
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.,Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuan Nanli #17, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jianyang Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zongmei Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Dongfu Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zefen Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Qinfu Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jima Lv
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Nan Bi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Luhua Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhouguang Hui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China. .,Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuan Nanli #17, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Zhang J, Zhao T, Long S, Liu X, Yu H. Risk factors for postoperative infection in Chinese lung cancer patients: A meta-analysis. J Evid Based Med 2017; 10:255-262. [PMID: 28884946 DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for postoperative infection in Chinese lung cancer patients. METHODS A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, and WanFang Data databases to identify studies investigating risk factors for postoperative infection in Chinese lung cancer patients. Meta-analysis was performed by using Revman 5.2 software. RESULTS A total of 12 studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that old age, male gender, diabetes, cigarette smoking, squamous cell carcinoma, pulmonary diseases, longer of mechanical ventilation, and longer time of surgery procedure were associated with increased risk of postoperative infection. In addition, prophylactic antibiotic was associated with decreased risk of postoperative infection. CONCLUSION The current meta-analysis suggests that the old age, male gender, diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, squamous cell carcinoma, pulmonary diseases, longer of mechanical ventilation, and longer of surgery time are risk factors for postoperative infection in Chinese lung cancer patients. Due to the limited quality and quantity of included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Taiqiang Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shanshan Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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