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Kamal R, Awasthi A, Paul P, Mir MS, Singh SK, Dua K. Novel drug delivery systems in colorectal cancer: Advances and future prospects. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 262:155546. [PMID: 39191194 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an abnormal proliferation of cells within the colon and rectum, leading to the formation of polyps and disruption of mucosal functions. The disease development is influenced by a combination of factors, including inflammation, exposure to environmental mutagens, genetic alterations, and impairment in signaling pathways. Traditional treatments such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are often used but have limitations, including poor solubility and permeability, treatment resistance, side effects, and post-surgery issues. Novel Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS) have emerged as a superior alternative, offering enhanced drug solubility, precision in targeting cancer cells, and regulated drug release. Thereby addressing the shortcomings of conventional therapies and showing promise for more effective CRC management. The present review sheds light on the pathogenesis, signaling pathways, biomarkers, conventional treatments, need for NDDS, and application of NDDS against CRC. Additionally, clinical trials, ongoing clinical trials, marketed formulations, and patents on CRC are also covered in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kamal
- Department of Quality Assurance, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 142001, India; School of Pharmacy, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab 147301, India
| | - Ankit Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 142001, India; Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India.
| | - Priyanka Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, PCTE Group of Institute, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Mohammad Shabab Mir
- School of Pharmacy, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab 147301, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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Chen XF, Wu HJ, Li T, Liu JB, Zhou WJ, Guo Q. Establishment and validation of a predictive model for peripherally inserted central catheter-related thrombosis in patients with liver cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 16:2221-2231. [PMID: 39087116 PMCID: PMC11287695 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i7.2221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are commonly used in hospitalized patients with liver cancer for the administration of chemotherapy, nutrition, and other medications. However, PICC-related thrombosis is a serious complication that can lead to morbidity and mortality in this patient population. Several risk factors have been identified for the development of PICC-related thrombosis, including cancer type, stage, comorbidities, and catheter characteristics. Understanding these risk factors and developing a predictive model can help healthcare providers identify high-risk patients and implement preventive measures to reduce the incidence of thrombosis. AIM To analyze the influencing factors of PICC-related thrombosis in hospitalized patients with liver cancer, construct a predictive model, and validate it. METHODS Clinical data of hospitalized patients with liver cancer admitted from January 2020 to December 2023 were collected. Thirty-five cases of PICC-related thrombosis in hospitalized patients with liver cancer were collected, and 220 patients who underwent PICC placement during the same period but did not develop PICC-related thrombosis were randomly selected as controls. A total of 255 samples were collected and used as the training set, and 77 cases were collected as the validation set in a 7:3 ratio. General patient information, case data, catheterization data, coagulation indicators, and Autar Thrombosis Risk Assessment Scale scores were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression analyses were performed on relevant factors, and the value of combined indicators in predicting PICC-related thrombosis in hospitalized patients with liver cancer was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in age, sex, Karnofsky performance status score (KPS), bedridden time, activities of daily living impairment, parenteral nutrition, catheter duration, distant metastasis, and bone marrow suppression between the thrombosis group and the non-thrombosis group. Other aspects had no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that age ≥ 60 years, KPS score ≤ 50 points, parenteral nutrition, stage III to IV, distant metastasis, bone marrow suppression, and activities of daily living impairment were independent risk factors for PICC-related thrombosis in hospitalized patients with liver cancer (P < 0.05). Catheter duration of 1-6 months and catheter duration > 6 months were protective factors for PICC-related thrombosis (P < 0.05). The predictive model for PICC-related thrombosis was obtained as follows: P predictive probability = [exp (Logit P)]/[1 + exp (Logit P)], where Logit P = age × 1.907 + KPS score × 2.045 + parenteral nutrition × 9.467 + catheter duration × 0.506 + tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging × 2.844 + distant metastasis × 2.065 + bone marrow suppression × 2.082 + activities of daily living impairment × 13.926. ROC curve analysis showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.827 (95%CI: 0.724-0.929, P < 0.001), with a corresponding optimal cut-off value of 0.612, sensitivity of 0.755, and specificity of 0.857. Calibration curve analysis showed good consistency between the predicted occurrence of PICC-related thrombosis and actual occurrence (P > 0.05). ROC analysis showed AUCs of 0.888 and 0.729 for the training and validation sets, respectively. CONCLUSION Age, KPS score, parenteral nutrition, TNM staging, distant metastasis, bone marrow suppression, and activities of daily living impairment are independent risk factors for PICC-related thrombosis in hospitalized patients with liver cancer, while catheter duration is a protective factor for the disease. The predictive model has an AUC of 0.827, indicating high predictive accuracy and clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Chen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Shangjinnanfu Hospital, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 611730, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hao-Jun Wu
- Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Chengdu Shangjinnanfu Hospital, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 611730, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jia-Bin Liu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhou
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Shangjinnanfu Hospital, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 611730, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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Miao X, Wang F, Yunus MA, Ismail IS, Wang T. Long noncoding RNA KCNMA1-AS2 regulates the function of colorectal cancer cells and sponges miR-1227-5p. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:857. [PMID: 39026221 PMCID: PMC11256649 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12608-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with altered expression significantly influence colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and behavior. The functions of many lncRNAs in CRC are not clear yet. This study aimed to discover novel lncRNA entities and comprehensively examine and validate their roles and underlying molecular mechanisms in CRC. METHODS Tissue samples, both tumourous and non-tumourous, from three CRC patients were submitted for sequencing. Following expression validation in samples from ten patients and four CRC cell lines. The lncRNA KCNMA1-AS2 was synthesized by In-vitro transcription RNA synthesis and the lncRNA was directly transfected into CRC cell lines to overexpress. Functional assays including MTT proliferation assay, Annexin-V/propidium iodide apoptosis assay, wound healing migration assay and cell cycle assays were performed to evaluate the effect of overexpression of KCNMA1-AS2. Furthermore, the binding of KCNMA1-AS2 to miR-1227-5p was confirmed using dual luciferase reporter assays and qPCR analyses. Subsequent bioinformatics analyses identified 58 potential downstream targets of miR-1227-5p across three databases. RESULTS In this study, we identified the lncRNA KCNMA1-AS2, the expression of which was down-regulated consistently in cancer tissues and CRC cell lines compared to non-cancerous tissues. The overexpression of lncRNA KCNMA1-AS2 led to significant reduction in CRC cell proliferation and migration, increase in cell apoptosis, and more cells arrested in S phase. Additionally, the interaction between KCNMA1-AS2 and miR-1227-5p was confirmed through dual luciferase reporter assay and qPCR analysis. It is also putatively predicted that MTHFR and ST8SIA2 may be linked to CRC based on bioinformatics analyses. CONCLUSIONS LncRNA KCNMA1-AS2 exhibited distinct gene expression patterns in both CRC tissue and cell lines, impacting various cellular functions while also acting as a sponge for miR-1227-5p.The findings spotlight lncRNA KCNMA1-AS2 as a potential marker for diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhi Miao
- The School of Medical Humanities, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan province, 453003, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang, 13200, Malaysia
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan province, 453003, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang, 13200, Malaysia
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan province, 453003, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan province, 453003, China
| | - Muhammad Amir Yunus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang, 13200, Malaysia
| | - Ida Shazrina Ismail
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang, 13200, Malaysia.
| | - Tianyun Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan province, 453003, China.
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Man S, Cui Y, Shi D, Lv P, Ma L, Gao W. Formosanin C inhibits pulmonary metastasis by targeting stearyl CoA desaturase-1. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155689. [PMID: 38728921 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin (DDP) as the first-line drug has been used in cancer therapy. However, side effects and drug resistance are the challenges of DDP. Disordered lipid metabolism is related to DDP resistance. STUDY DESIGN In this study, formosanin C (FC) as the main compound of Rhizoma Paridis saponins (RPS) inhibits pulmonary metastasis by targeting stearyl CoA desaturase-1. METHODS AND RESULTS RPS prolonged the survival period of mice, reduced pulmonary metastases and alleviated colon toxicity caused by DDP. FC as the main compound of RPS enhanced the anti-tumor and anti-metastatic effects of DDP. FC decreased the mRNA level of SCD1 and the content of lipid droplets (LDs) in lung cancer cells. Molecular dynamics and isothermal titration calorimetry verified the binding stability and spontaneously between FC and SCD1. SiSCD1 reduced the content of LDs in cell lines and increased mitochondria (mtROS), which was consistent with the results of FC treatment. The combination group decreased DNA repair associated protein as well as DDP resistance markers such as ERCC1 and 53bp1, and increased DNA damage marker like γH2AX, which indirectly confirmed the occurrence of mtROS. In addition, FC combination with DDP also affected epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related protein like VIM and CDH1 in vivo experiments, and thereby inhibited pulmonary metastasis. CONCLUSION Our research indicated that the FC as the main compound of RPS targeted the CY2 domain of SCD1, inhibited lipid metabolism in mice, and thereby suppressed cancer metastases. This provided support for use of FC to treat cancer based on lipid metabolism pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Yingfang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Dandan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Panpan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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Lv Q, Yuan Y, Xiang Z. Analysis of risk factors for the sigmoid stoma complications in patients after abdominoperineal resection surgery: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38751. [PMID: 38941381 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
To analyze the risk factors for intraperitoneal sigmoid stoma complications after abdominoperineal resection (APR) surgery to guide clinical practice. Patients who were diagnosed with rectal cancer and underwent APR surgery from June 2013 to June 2021 were retrospectively enrolled. The characteristics of the stoma complication group and the no stoma complication group were compared, and univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were employed to identify risk factors for sigmoid stoma-related complications. A total of 379 patients who were diagnosed with rectal cancer and underwent APR surgery were enrolled in this study. The average age of the patients was 61.7 ± 12.1 years, and 226 (59.6%) patients were males. Patients in the short-term stoma complication group were younger (55.7 vs 62.0, P < .05) and had a more advanced tumor stage (P < .05). However, there was no significant difference between the long-term stoma complication group and the no stoma complication group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that operation time was an independent risk factor (P < .05, OR = 1.005, 95% CI = 1.000-1.010) for short-term stoma complications. Both the short-term and long-term stoma complication rates in our institution were low. A longer operation time was an independent risk factor for short-term stoma complications after APR surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Lv
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Ding X, Ma Y, Yin M, Liu T, Jin S, Li C, Li X, Zhang C, Zhou G, Wu G. Transcatheter arterial perfusion chemotherapy combined with lipiodol chemoembolization for advanced colorectal cancer complicated by obstruction. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1369829. [PMID: 38737899 PMCID: PMC11082319 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1369829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obstruction is a common complication of advanced colorectal cancer. This study was aimed at investigating the safety, efficacy, and feasibility of transcatheter arterial perfusion chemotherapy combined with lipiodol chemoembolization for treating advanced colorectal cancer complicated by obstruction. Patients and methods This retrospective analysis was conducted using clinical data of patients with advanced colorectal cancer who received arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with lipiodol chemoembolization treatment at our center. Treatment efficacy was evaluated in terms of obstruction-free survival and overall survival, and treatment complications were monitored. Results Fifty-four patients with colorectal cancer complicated by obstruction were included. All patients successfully underwent transcatheter arterial infusion combined with lipiodol chemoembolization treatment. The average lipiodol dose administered was 2.62 ± 1.45 ml (0.5-5.5 ml). No serious complications such as perforation or tumor dissemination occurred. The clinical success rate was 83.3% (45/54). One month after treatment, the objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 66.67% and 88.9%, respectively. The median obstruction-free survival was 5.0 months. No serious adverse events occurred. As of the last follow-up, 6 patients survived, 44 died, and 4 were lost to follow-up. Conclusion Our findings revealed that transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with lipiodol chemoembolization is safe and effective for treating advanced colorectal cancer complicated by obstruction. It may serve as a new treatment strategy for patients with advanced colorectal cancer complicated by obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Ding
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaozhen Ma
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meipan Yin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuiling Jin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Emoto S, Fukunaga Y, Takamatsu M, Kawachi H, Sano S, Tominaga T, Mukai T, Yamaguchi T, Nagasaki T, Akiyoshi T, Konishi T, Nagayama S, Ueno M. Prognostic factors of para-aortic lymph node metastasis from colorectal cancer in highly selected patients undergoing para-aortic lymph node dissection. Surg Today 2024; 54:356-366. [PMID: 37648781 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-023-02739-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the surgical outcomes of para-aortic lymph node (PALN) dissection in patients with colorectal cancer and assessed the prognostic factors related to the survival. METHODS This single-center retrospective study included 31 patients with synchronous or metachronous PALN metastasis from colorectal cancer who underwent PALN dissection between January 2006 and December 2018. RESULTS Twenty-one patients had synchronous PALN metastasis, and 10 had metachronous PALN metastasis. Seven patients had either simultaneous distant metastasis or a history of distant metastasis other than PALN metastasis at the time of PALN dissection. Eighteen patients underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. The 5-year overall and recurrence-free survival rates were 54.2 and 17.2%, respectively. A multivariable analysis revealed that rectal cancer, metachronous PALN metastasis, and three or more pathological PALN metastases were significantly poor prognostic factors for the recurrence-free survival. Among patients with rectal cancer, lower rectal cancer and lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis were poor prognostic factors for the overall survival. CONCLUSION Curative PALN dissection for PALN metastasis from colorectal cancer is feasible with favorable long-term outcomes. A multidisciplinary approach, including surgery and chemotherapy, is needed for colorectal cancer with PALN metastasis to improve the long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Emoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Yosuke Fukunaga
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
| | - Manabu Takamatsu
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawachi
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Sano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Tominaga
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Toshiki Mukai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Toshiya Nagasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Takashi Akiyoshi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Konishi
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Satoshi Nagayama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Masashi Ueno
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Feria A, Times M. Effectiveness of Standard Treatment for Stage 4 Colorectal Cancer: Traditional Management with Surgery, Radiation, and Chemotherapy. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2024; 37:62-65. [PMID: 38322607 PMCID: PMC10843885 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in the United States comprising 7.9% of all new cancer diagnoses and 8.6% of all cancer deaths. The combined 5-year relative survival rate for all stages is 65.1% but in its most aggressive form, stage 4 CRC has a 5-year relative survival rate of just 15.1%. For most with stage 4 CRC, treatment is palliative not curative, with the goal to prolong overall survival and maintain an acceptable quality of life. The identification of unique cancer genomic and biologic markers allows patient-specific treatment options. Treatment of stage 4 CRC consists of systemic therapy with chemotherapeutic agents, surgical resection if feasible, potentially including resection of metastasis, palliative radiation in select settings, and targeted therapy toward growth factors. Despite advances in surgical and medical management, metastatic CRC remains a challenging clinical problem associated with poor prognosis and low overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melissa Times
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, MetroHealth System, Cleveland, Ohio
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Bhimani N, Dieng M, Kelly PJ, Hugh TJ. Quality-of-life measurement long-term after resection of colorectal liver metastases - is there an optimal assessment tool? HPB (Oxford) 2024; 26:352-361. [PMID: 37968202 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited literature on health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Furthermore, there is no consensus on which HRQoL tool is most appropriate. This study assessed the long-term HRQoL in patients who undergo liver resection for CRLM and assessed which HRQoL tool is most useful. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of patients who had curative resection for CRLM between 2010 and June 2021. Three validated instruments were used: The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), which consists of the QLQ-C30 (a generic questionnaire) and QLQ-LMC21 (CRLM specific); the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) and the 36-Item Short Form Survey. RESULTS 121 patients underwent liver resection for CRLM, of which 85 were alive. There was a 61 % response rate (n = 52). The median post-operative time when the survey was completed was 4.0 years. Across all three questionnaires, patients performed exceptionally well in all domains, with median functional scores >90. The EQ-5D-5L VAS and the EROTC QLQ-C30 produced similar results. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates excellent long-term HRQoL in patients who undergo resection for CRLM. The EQ-5D questionnaire is the preferred questionnaire because it is shorter and simpler to complete than the other tools without compromising accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazim Bhimani
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Mbathio Dieng
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Patrick J Kelly
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas J Hugh
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Xu Z, Wang J, Wang G. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis for hub genes in colorectal cancer. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:140-153. [PMID: 38150140 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00561-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study is designed to explore hub genes participating in colorectal cancer (CRC) development through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). METHODS Expression profiles of CRC and normal samples were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and were subjected to WGCNA to filter differentially expressed genes with significant association with CRC. Functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis were carried out to filter the candidate genes, further and survival analysis was performed for the candidate genes to obtain potential regulatory hub genes in CRC. Expression analysis was conducted for the candidate genes and a multifactor model was established. RESULTS After differential analysis and WGCNA, 289 candidate genes were filtered from the GEO and TCGA. Further functional enrichment analysis demonstrated possible regulatory pathways and functions. PPI analysis filtered 15 hub genes and survival analysis indicated a significant correlation of CLCA1, CLCA4, and CPT1A with prognosis of patients with CRC. The multifactor Cox risk model established based on the three genes revealed that if the three genes were a gene set, they had well predictive capacity for the prognosis of patients with CRC. CONCLUSIONS CLCA1, CLCA4, and CPT1A express at low levels in CRC and function as core anti-tumor genes. As a gene set, they can predict prognosis well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Xu
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin, 150088, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin, 150088, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guosheng Wang
- Department of Pancreaticobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23, Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150007, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Hinterleitner M, Pfeiffer R, Trautwein NF, Sipos B, Singer S, Nadalin S, Königsrainer A, Lauer UM, la Fougère C, Zender L, Hinterleitner C. Treatment modalities favoring outcome in well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors G3. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1285529. [PMID: 38260136 PMCID: PMC10800837 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1285529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are a rare and heterogenous group of tumors arising from neuroendocrine cells in multiple organs. Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) G3 encompass a small subgroup accounting for less than 10% of all neuroendocrine neoplasms. In contrast to NET G1 and G2 as well as neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC), in NET G3 data on treatment and patient outcomes are still limited. Especially in a metastasized tumor stage, the role of surgery, peptide receptor radionucleotide therapy (PRRT), and systemic chemotherapy is not clearly defined. Methods In this real-life cohort, we consecutively analyzed clinical outcome in NET G3 patients receiving different diagnostic and treatment. Results and discussion We found that even metastasized NET G3 patients undergoing surgery, or receiving radiation, somatostatin analogues (SSA), and PRRT showed a clear survival benefit. Interestingly, all treatment regimen were superior to classical chemotherapeutic agents. In addition, somatostatin receptor (SSTR) PET-CT, FDG PET-CT, and repetitive biopsies were shown to be useful diagnostic and prognostic tools in NET G3. Our study demonstrates that patients with highly proliferative NET G3 might benefit from less aggressive treatment modalities commonly used in low proliferative NEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Hinterleitner
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Research Foundation Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Cluster of Excellence 2180 ‘Image-Guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy’ (iFIT), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ruben Pfeiffer
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Nils F. Trautwein
- European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Bence Sipos
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Research Foundation Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Cluster of Excellence 2180 ‘Image-Guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy’ (iFIT), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Singer
- European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Silvio Nadalin
- European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of General and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Alfred Königsrainer
- European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of General and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich M. Lauer
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Research Foundation Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Cluster of Excellence 2180 ‘Image-Guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy’ (iFIT), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian la Fougère
- European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Research Foundation Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Cluster of Excellence 2180 ‘Image-Guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy’ (iFIT), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Lars Zender
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Research Foundation Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Cluster of Excellence 2180 ‘Image-Guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy’ (iFIT), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Clemens Hinterleitner
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Research Foundation Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Cluster of Excellence 2180 ‘Image-Guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy’ (iFIT), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
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12
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Zhao T, Jia W, Zhao C, Wu Z. Survival benefit of surgery for second primary esophageal cancer following gastrointestinal cancer: a population-based study. J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 28:1-9. [PMID: 38353068 DOI: 10.1016/j.gassur.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of second primary malignancy is increasing. However, although there is some information on second primary esophageal cancer (SPEC) itself, there is no study or guideline on the use of surgery for SPEC after gastrointestinal cancer (SPEC-GC). Thus, this study aimed to gather evidence for the benefits of surgery by analyzing a national cohort and determining the prognostic factors and clinical treatment decisions for SPEC-GC. METHODS Data for patients with SPEC-GC were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2000 and 2019. The prognostic factors of SPEC-GC were investigated by stepwise Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses for overall survival and cancer-specific survival. RESULTS A total of 8308 patients with SPEC were selected, including 582 patients with SPEC-GC. Multivariate analysis revealed that surgery, year of diagnosis, scope of regional lymph node surgery, tumor differentiation grade, SEER historic stage, and triple therapy were significant predictors of survival outcomes (P < .05). Surgery seemed to improve the prognosis of patients with SPEC-GC significantly compared with no surgery and chemoradiotherapy (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Surgery should be considered as the main treatment for SPEC-GC. Surgery, year of diagnosis, scope of regional lymph node surgery, tumor differentiation grade, SEER historic stage, and triple therapy were found to be independent prognostic factors for these patients. These factors should be considered in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of SPEC-GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenxin Jia
- Department of Mental Health, The Second People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chun Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhijun Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.
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13
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Liu L, Xue W. Thalidomide suppresses migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting HOXB7-mediated activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14434. [PMID: 38230780 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Heaps of studies have verified the effects of thalidomide (THA) on colorectal cancer (CRC). Howbeit, the corresponding mechanism awaits illustration, which is the foothold of this study. Following the treatment of 0, 1.94, 7.75, or 19.36 μM THA, CRC cell viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were evaluated by methyl tetrazolium, flow cytometry, wound-healing, and transwell assays. Homeobox B7 (HOXB7) expression in CRC was analyzed and detected by bioinformatics analysis, quantitative real-time PCR or western blot. After the corresponding transfection or treatment with inhibitor of catenin-responsive transcription-3 (iCRT-3), abovementioned CRC cell biological behaviors as well as expression levels of HOXB7 and β-catenin were evaluated. 7.75 and 19.36 μM THA dwindled CRC cell viability, migration, and invasion, and facilitated apoptosis. HOXB7 upregulation was detected in CRC cells, which promoted the viability, migration, invasion, and β-catenin expression, and weakened the apoptosis of CRC cells. Also, HOXB7 upregulation counteracted the effects of THA on CRC cells. iCRT-3 restrained β-catenin expression, viability, migration, and invasion, whereas promoting the apoptosis of CRC cells. In addition, iCRT-3 antagonized the effects of overexpressed HOXB7 on CRC cells. THA inhibits the migration and invasion of CRC cells, which is achieved by suppressing HOXB7-mediated activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Liu
- Department of Anoretal, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wusong Xue
- Department of Anoretal, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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14
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Boublikova L, Novakova A, Simsa J, Lohynska R. Total neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer: the evidence and expectations. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 192:104196. [PMID: 37926376 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current management of locally advanced rectal cancer achieves high cure rates, distant metastatic spread being the main cause of patients' death. Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) employs (chemo)radiotherapy and combined chemotherapy prior to surgery to improve the treatment outcomes. TNT has been shown to reduce significantly distant metastases, increase disease-free survival by 5 - 10% in 3 years, and finally also overall survival (≈ 5% in 7 years). It proved to double the rate of pathologic complete responses, making it an attractive strategy for non-operative management to avoid permanent colostomy in patients with distal tumors. In addition, it endorses adherence to the therapy due to better tolerance and, potentially, shortens its overall duration. A number of questions related to TNT remain currently unresolved including the indications, preferred radiotherapy and chemotherapy regimens, their sequence, timing of surgery, and role of adjuvant therapy. A stratified approach may be the optimal way to go.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Boublikova
- Department of Oncology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; CLIP - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Alena Novakova
- Department of Oncology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromir Simsa
- Department of Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Lohynska
- Department of Oncology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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15
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Balachandran R, Sørensen MM, Funder JA, Knudsen AR, Iversen LH. Outcomes after curatively intended treatment of limited peritoneal metastases and thermal ablation for liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Pleura Peritoneum 2023; 8:167-174. [PMID: 38144219 PMCID: PMC10739284 DOI: 10.1515/pp-2023-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Peritoneal metastases (PM) and liver metastases (LM) are present simultaneously in up to 2 % of patients at the time of their colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis. Curatively intended treatment includes cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) combined with LM resection. A less invasive treatment for LM is ablation. We aimed to estimate overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and postoperative data in patients managed simultaneously with CRS, HIPEC and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) as first choice. Methods This was a retrospective national cohort study. All patients were treated at Aarhus University Hospital; the only CRS+HIPEC centre in Denmark. We included CRC patients managed with curative intent for simultaneously diagnosed PM and LM in the period January 2016 - December 2021. LM was treated with RFA as first choice, if possible. Survival was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results A total of 25 patients were included, the median age was 60 years (range 43-75 years) and 15 (60 %) were females. The median peritoneal cancer index was 7 (range 0-12), the median number of LM was 1 (range 1-3). Ablation was performed as the only treatment for LM in 18 (72 %) patients. After a median follow-up time of 17.1 months (range 4-36 months), the median OS was 28.6 months (95 % confidence interval (Cl) 15.8;36.1), 1-year OS was 84.0 % (95 % Cl 62.8;93.7). Median DFS was 6.1 months (95 % Cl 4.0;10.3). Median LOS was ten days (range 5-26 days). Both 30-day and 90-day mortality were 0 %. Conclusions The selected treatment modality (RFA) for CRC patients with both LM and PM was safe. However, DFS was low. Further research is warranted to investigate if RFA is as effective as LM resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogini Balachandran
- Department of Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Lene Hjerrild Iversen
- Department of Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Vadillo E, Mantilla A, Aguilar-Flores C, De León-Rodríguez SG, Vela-Patiño S, Badillo J, Taniguchi-Ponciano K, Marrero-Rodríguez D, Ramírez L, León-Vega II, Fuentes-Castañeda C, Piña-Sánchez P, Prieto-Chávez JL, Pérez-Kondelkova V, Montesinos JJ, Bonifaz L, Pelayo R, Mayani H, Schnoor M. The invasive margin of early-stage human colon tumors is infiltrated with neutrophils of an antitumoral phenotype. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:672-683. [PMID: 37820030 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils infiltrate several types of cancer; however, whether their presence is associated with disease progression remains controversial. Here, we show that colon tumors overexpress neutrophil chemoattractants compared to healthy tissues, leading to their recruitment to the invasive margin and the central part of colon tumors. Of note, tumor-associated neutrophils expressing tumor necrosis factor α, which usually represents an antitumoral phenotype, were predominantly located in the invasive margin. Tumor-associated neutrophils from the invasive margin displayed an antitumoral phenotype with higher ICAM-1 and CD95 expression than neutrophils from healthy adjacent tissues. A higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was found at later stages compared to the early phases of colon cancer. A neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio ≤3.5 predicted tumor samples had significantly more neutrophils at the invasive margin and the central part. Moreover, tumor-associated neutrophils at the invasive margin of early-stage tumors showed higher ICAM-1 and CD95 expression. Coculture of colon cancer cell lines with primary neutrophils induced ICAM-1 and CD95 expression, confirming our in situ findings. Thus, our data demonstrate that tumor-associated neutrophils with an antitumoral phenotype characterized by high ICAM-1 and CD95 expression infiltrate the invasive margin of early-stage colon tumors, suggesting that these cells can combat the disease at its early courses. The presence of tumor-associated neutrophils with antitumoral phenotype could help predict outcomes of patients with colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Vadillo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (CMN S.XXI IMSS), Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Mantilla
- Servicio de Patología, Hospital de Oncología CMN S.XXI IMSS, Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Cristina Aguilar-Flores
- UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, CMN S.XXI IMSS, Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Saraí Gisel De León-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, CMN S.XXI IMSS, Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Sandra Vela-Patiño
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, CMN S.XXI IMSS, Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Juan Badillo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (CMN S.XXI IMSS), Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Keiko Taniguchi-Ponciano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, CMN S.XXI IMSS, Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Daniel Marrero-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, CMN S.XXI IMSS, Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Ramírez
- Servicio de Colon y Recto, Hospital de Oncología CMN S.XXI IMSS, Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Iliana Itzel León-Vega
- Departmento de Biomedicina Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Carmen Fuentes-Castañeda
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (CMN S.XXI IMSS), Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Patricia Piña-Sánchez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (CMN S.XXI IMSS), Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Jessica Lakshmi Prieto-Chávez
- Laboratorio de Citometría-Centro de Instrumentos, División de Desarrollo de la Investigación en Salud, CMN S.XXI IMSS, Av Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Vadim Pérez-Kondelkova
- Laboratorio Nacional de Microscopía Avanzada, División de Desarrollo de la Investigación, CMN S.XXI IMSS, Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Juan José Montesinos
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (CMN S.XXI IMSS), Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Laura Bonifaz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, CMN S.XXI IMSS, Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
- Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, CMN S.XXI IMSS, Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Unidad de Educación e Investigación, IMSS, Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, IMSS, Km 4.5 Carretera Atlixco-Metepec, Atlixco-Metepec, 74360 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Héctor Mayani
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (CMN S.XXI IMSS), Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Colonia Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Michael Schnoor
- Departmento de Biomedicina Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
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Firouzjaei AA, Sharifi K, Khazaei M, Mohammadi-Yeganeh S, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH. Screening and introduction of key cell cycle microRNAs deregulated in colorectal cancer by integrated bioinformatics analysis. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:137-152. [PMID: 37081586 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in women and the third most common in men worldwide. Impaired cell cycle regulation leads to many cancers and is also approved in CRC. Therefore, cell cycle regulation is a critical therapeutic target for CRC. Furthermore, miRNAs have been discovered as regulators in a variety of cancer-related pathways. This study is designed to investigate how miRNAs and mRNAs interact to regulate the cell cycle in CRC patients. Utilizing the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and Therapeutic Target Database (TTD), cell cycle-associated genes were identified and evaluated. Seven of the 22 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) implicated in the cell cycle in three GSEs (GSE24514, GSE10950, and GSE74604) were identified as potential therapeutic targets. Then, using PyRx software, we performed docking proteins with selected drugs. The results demonstrated that these drugs are appropriate molecules for targeting cell cycle DEGs. Tarbase, miRTarbase, miRDIP, and miRCancer databases were used to find miRNAs that target the indicated genes. The ability of these six miRNAs to impact the cell cycle in colorectal cancer may be concluded. These miRNAs were found to be downregulated in SW480 cells when compared to the normal tissue. Our data imply that a precise selection of bioinformatics tools can facilitate the identification of miRNAs that impact mRNA translation at different stages of the cell cycle. The candidates can be investigated more as targets for cell cycle arrest in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ahmadizad Firouzjaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Sharifi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Aghaee-Bakhtiari
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Liu XR, Liu F, Li ZW, Liu XY, Zhang W, Peng D. Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on short-term and long-term outcomes of stage iv colorectal cancer patients after primary surgery: a propensity score matching analysis. Int J Colorectal Dis 2023; 38:171. [PMID: 37330453 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-023-04476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC) patients performed primary surgery in terms of short-term and long-term outcomes. METHODS Patients diagnosed with stage IV CRC and received primary CRC surgery at a single clinical center from Jan, 2013 to Jan, 2020 were included in this study. Baseline characteristics, short-term and long-term outcomes were compared between the T2DM group and the Non-T2DM group. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to find risk factors for overall survival (OS). Propensity score matching (PSM) using a 1:1 ratio was used to minimize selective bias between the two groups. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (version 22.0) software. RESULTS A total of 302 eligible patients were enrolled, and there were 54 (17.9%) patients with T2DM, and 248 (82.1%) patients without T2DM. The T2DM group had more older patients (P < 0.01), higher body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.01), and a higher proportion of hypertension (P < 0.01) than the Non-T2DM group. After PSM, there were 48 patients in each group. There were no significant differences in short-term outcomes or OS between the two groups, either before or after PSM (P > 0.05). In multivariate analysis, older age (P < 0.01, HR = 1.032, 95% CI = 1.014-1.051) and larger tumor size (P < 0.01, HR = 1.760, 95% CI = 1.179-2.626) were independent factors for OS. CONCLUSION Although T2DM did not influence short-term outcomes or OS in stage IV CRC patients after primary surgery, age and tumor size might have predictive value for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Rui Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zi-Wei Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Dong Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Viot J, Abdeljaoued S, Vienot A, Seffar E, Spehner L, Bouard A, Asgarov K, Pallandre JR, Renaude E, Klajer E, Molimard C, Monnien F, Bibeau F, Turco C, Heyd B, Peixoto P, Hervouet E, Loyon R, Doussot A, Borg C, Kroemer M. CD8 + CD226 high T cells in liver metastases dictate the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients treated with chemotherapy and radical surgery. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:365-378. [PMID: 36717657 PMCID: PMC10066387 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-00978-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CD226 has been reported to participate in the rescue of CD8+ T cell dysfunction. In this study, we aimed to assess the prognostic value of CD226 in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases treated with chemotherapy and radical surgery. TILs from 43 metastases were isolated and analyzed ex vivo using flow cytometry. CD155 and CD3 levels in the tumor microenvironment were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Exploration and validation of biological processes highlighted in this study were performed by bioinformatics analysis of bulk RNA-seq results for 28 CRC liver metastases pretreated with chemotherapy as well as public gene expression datasets. CD226 expression contributes to the definition of the immune context in CRC liver metastases and primary tumors. CD226 on CD8+ T cells was not specifically coexpressed with other immune checkpoints, such as PD1, TIGIT, and TIM3, in liver metastases. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed CD226 expression on CD8+ T cells to be an independent prognostic factor (p = 0.003), along with CD3 density at invasion margins (p = 0.003) and TIGIT expression on CD4+ T cells (p = 0.019). CD155 was not associated with the prognostic value of CD226. Gene expression analysis in a validation dataset confirmed the prognostic value of CD226 in CRC liver metastases but not in primary tumors. Downregulation of CD226 on CD8+ TILs in the liver microenvironment was restored by IL15 treatment. Overall, CD226 expression on liver metastasis-infiltrating CD8+ T cells selectively contributes to immune surveillance of CRC liver metastases and has prognostic value for patients undergoing radical surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Viot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biotechnology and Immuno-Oncology Platform, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France.
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, University of Franche-Comté, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France.
| | - Syrine Abdeljaoued
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, University of Franche-Comté, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Angélique Vienot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biotechnology and Immuno-Oncology Platform, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, University of Franche-Comté, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Evan Seffar
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, University of Franche-Comté, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Laurie Spehner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biotechnology and Immuno-Oncology Platform, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, University of Franche-Comté, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Adeline Bouard
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, University of Franche-Comté, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Kamal Asgarov
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, University of Franche-Comté, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Jean-René Pallandre
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, University of Franche-Comté, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Elodie Renaude
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, University of Franche-Comté, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Elodie Klajer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biotechnology and Immuno-Oncology Platform, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Chloé Molimard
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Franck Monnien
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Frederic Bibeau
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Celia Turco
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Bruno Heyd
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Paul Peixoto
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, University of Franche-Comté, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
- EPIGENEXP platform, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Eric Hervouet
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, University of Franche-Comté, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
- EPIGENEXP platform, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Romain Loyon
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, University of Franche-Comté, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Alexandre Doussot
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Christophe Borg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biotechnology and Immuno-Oncology Platform, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, University of Franche-Comté, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Marie Kroemer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biotechnology and Immuno-Oncology Platform, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, University of Franche-Comté, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
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20
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Stage IV Colorectal Cancer Management and Treatment. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12052072. [PMID: 36902858 PMCID: PMC10004676 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12052072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Up to 50% of patients with CRC develop metastatic CRC (mCRC). Surgical and systemic therapy advances can now offer significant survival advantages. Understanding the evolving treatment options is essential for decreasing mCRC mortality. We aim to summarize current evidence and guidelines regarding the management of mCRC to provide utility when making a treatment plan for the heterogenous spectrum of mCRC. (2) Methods: A comprehensive literature search of PubMed and current guidelines written by major cancer and surgical societies were reviewed. The references of the included studies were screened to identify additional studies that were incorporated as appropriate. (3) Results: The standard of care for mCRC primarily consists of surgical resection and systemic therapy. Complete resection of liver, lung, and peritoneal metastases is associated with better disease control and survival. Systemic therapy now includes chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy options that can be tailored by molecular profiling. Differences between colon and rectal metastasis management exist between major guidelines. (4) Conclusions: With the advances in surgical and systemic therapy, as well as a better understanding of tumor biology and the importance of molecular profiling, more patients can anticipate prolonged survival. We provide a summary of available evidence for the management of mCRC, highlighting the similarities and presenting the difference in available literature. Ultimately, a multidisciplinary evaluation of patients with mCRC is crucial to selecting the appropriate pathway.
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21
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Aylward C, Noori J, Tyrrell J, O'sullivan N, Kavanagh DO, Larkin JO, Mehigan BJ, McCormick PH, Kelly ME. Survival outcomes after synchronous para-aortic lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer: A systematic review. J Surg Oncol 2023; 127:645-656. [PMID: 36350234 PMCID: PMC10100040 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synchronous para-aortic lymph node metastasis (PALNM) in colorectal cancer (CRC) is a relatively rare clinical entity. There is a lack of consensus on management of these patients, and the role of para-aortic lymph node dissection (PALND) remains controversial. This systematic review aims to describe the survival outcomes in colorectal cancer with synchronous PALNM when lymph node dissection is performed. METHODS A systematic review of Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science databases for PALND in CRC was performed. Studies including patients with synchronous PALNM undergoing resection with curative intent, published from the year 2000 onwards, were included. RESULTS Twelve retrospective studies were included. Four studies reported survival outcomes for rectal cancer, two for colon cancer and six as colorectal. Survival outcomes for 356 patients were included. Average 5-year overall survival (OS) was 22.4%, 33.9% and 37.7% in the rectal, colon and colorectal groups respectively. Three year OS in the groups was 53.6%, 46.2% and 65.7%. CONCLUSION There remains a lack of quality data to confidently make recommendations regarding the management of synchronous PALNM in colon and rectal cancer cohorts. Retrospective data suggests a benefit in highly selective cohorts and therefore a case-by-case evaluation remains the standard of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Aylward
- National University Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Royal Perth Hospital, Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Jawed Noori
- Peter MaCallum Cancer Centre, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jack Tyrrell
- Fiona Stanley Hospital, Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael E Kelly
- St James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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22
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De S, Paul S, Manna A, Majumder C, Pal K, Casarcia N, Mondal A, Banerjee S, Nelson VK, Ghosh S, Hazra J, Bhattacharjee A, Mandal SC, Pal M, Bishayee A. Phenolic Phytochemicals for Prevention and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: A Critical Evaluation of In Vivo Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030993. [PMID: 36765950 PMCID: PMC9913554 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed and second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Limitations with existing treatment regimens have demanded the search for better treatment options. Different phytochemicals with promising anti-CRC activities have been reported, with the molecular mechanism of actions still emerging. This review aims to summarize recent progress on the study of natural phenolic compounds in ameliorating CRC using in vivo models. This review followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reporting and Meta-Analysis. Information on the relevant topic was gathered by searching the PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases using keywords, such as "colorectal cancer" AND "phenolic compounds", "colorectal cancer" AND "polyphenol", "colorectal cancer" AND "phenolic acids", "colorectal cancer" AND "flavonoids", "colorectal cancer" AND "stilbene", and "colorectal cancer" AND "lignan" from the reputed peer-reviewed journals published over the last 20 years. Publications that incorporated in vivo experimental designs and produced statistically significant results were considered for this review. Many of these polyphenols demonstrate anti-CRC activities by inhibiting key cellular factors. This inhibition has been demonstrated by antiapoptotic effects, antiproliferative effects, or by upregulating factors responsible for cell cycle arrest or cell death in various in vivo CRC models. Numerous studies from independent laboratories have highlighted different plant phenolic compounds for their anti-CRC activities. While promising anti-CRC activity in many of these agents has created interest in this area, in-depth mechanistic and well-designed clinical studies are needed to support the therapeutic use of these compounds for the prevention and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samhita De
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700 054, India
| | - Sourav Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713 209, India
| | - Anirban Manna
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700 054, India
| | | | - Koustav Pal
- Jawaharlal Institute Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605 006, India
| | - Nicolette Casarcia
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Arijit Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, M.R. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Balisha 743 234, India
| | - Sabyasachi Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol 713 301, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Nelson
- Department of Pharmacology, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur 515 721, India
| | - Suvranil Ghosh
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700 054, India
| | - Joyita Hazra
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Ashish Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713 209, India
| | | | - Mahadeb Pal
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700 054, India
- Correspondence: or (M.P.); or (A.B.)
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
- Correspondence: or (M.P.); or (A.B.)
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23
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Real-Life Experience of the Prognostic Significance of the Primary Tumor Location on the Timing of Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Retrospective Analysis. Cureus 2022; 14:e30607. [PMID: 36299600 PMCID: PMC9588390 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous research studies have looked into how the primary tumor location (PTL) affects patients' prognosis for colorectal cancer (CRC). Our research aimed to investigate the prognostic effects of PTL in patients with synchronous (SM) and metachronous (MM) colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). Material and methods From 2016 to 2021, we looked back at the records of patients at our institute who were affected by CRCLM. Results 109 patients were included, of whom 21.1% received CRCLM resection (R0=73.9%), with 57.7% having left-sided colon cancer (LCC) and 42.2% having right-sided colon cancer (RCC). SM predominated (69.7%). The median duration of follow-up was 21,3 months (95%CI=15,4-25,2). ≥5 hepatic metastases prevailed in the SM group (N=61; 83.5%). 21% of all patients underwent CRCLM resection (R0=78.2%). We observed a double rate of patients unresponsive to standard systemic antineoplastic treatments in the SM group (35.8% vs. 17.9% of the MM group) (p=0.27). We found a significantly longer median overall survival (OS) in patients with MM-LCC compared with the other groups (27.7 months; HR=0.3797; 95%CI=0.19-0.74; p=0.0205). The median OS, regardless of PTL, was higher in the MM group (16,5 months vs. 16,1 months; HR=0,29; 95%CI=0,13-0,67; p=0.0038) as well as progression-free survival (PFS) (11 months vs. 10,2 months; HR=0,61; 95%CI=0,33-1,12; p=0.11). Finally, in patients undergoing liver surgery, a noteworthy median OS was shown to be significantly in favor of patients with metachronous liver metastases from the primary left tumor (37.0 months; HR=0.47; 95%CI=0.11-1.96; p=0.0041). Conclusions Our real-life study demonstrated that patients with LCC, particularly MM-LCC, have the highest survival and that the timing of CRCLM should be a prognostic factor.
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24
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Bhimani N, Wong GYM, Molloy C, Pavlakis N, Diakos CI, Clarke SJ, Dieng M, Hugh TJ. Cost of treating metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review. Public Health 2022; 211:97-104. [PMID: 36063775 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The cost of treating metastatic colorectal cancer places a significant economic burden on individuals, populations, and health care. However, there is a paucity of information on the costs of the contemporary management of metastatic colorectal cancer. This systematic review aims to review the literature to estimate the direct cost of treating metastatic colorectal cancer. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews: National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database Guide, EconLit, and grey literature from the 1st of January 2000 to the 1st of February 2020 were all searched for studies reporting the direct costs of treating metastatic colorectal cancer. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Evers' Consensus on Health Economic Criteria checklist. RESULTS In total, 39,489 records were retrieved, and 29 studies were included. Costs of treating metastatic colorectal cancer varied because of the heterogeneity of treatment. Studies reported average costs ranged from $12,346 to $293,461. Studies that included the cost of systemic therapy reported an estimated cost of almost $300,000. CONCLUSION The existing evidence indicates that the cost of treating metastatic colorectal cancer places a significant economic burden on healthcare systems despite differences in methodology and treatment heterogeneity. Future research needs to define the cost components of treating metastatic colorectal cancer to improve comparability and examine the relationship between spending, overall survival, and quality of life. Identifying these costs and their impact on health care budgets can help policymakers plan health system expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bhimani
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.
| | - G Y M Wong
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - C Molloy
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - N Pavlakis
- Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - C I Diakos
- Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - S J Clarke
- Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - M Dieng
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - T J Hugh
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Tan L, Peng D, Cheng Y. Significant position of C-myc in colorectal cancer: a promising therapeutic target. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2022; 24:2295-2304. [PMID: 35972682 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02910-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor initiating from the mucosa of the colorectum. According to the 2020 statistics from the World Health Organization, there are 10.0% CRC cases among all 19.3 million new cancers, followed by lung and breast cancer, and 9.4% CRC cases among all 9.9 million cancer deaths, ranking second. The population of CRC patients in China is large, and its incidence and mortality continue to increase each year. Despite the continuous development of surgical methods, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, the overall survival of CRC patients remains low. Past research has suggested that c-myc plays a pivotal role in the development of CRC. A higher expression level of c-Myc is a negative prognostic marker in CRC. However, there are few drugs targeting c-myc directly. Therefore, we focused on discovering the mechanism of c-myc in CRC to provide a reference for a better therapy choice for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Dong Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Yong Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Zou J, Zhang H, Huang Y, Xu W, Huang Y, Zuo S, Li Z, Zhou H. Multi-Omics Analysis of the Tumor Microenvironment in Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Identified FJX1 as a Novel Biomarker. Front Genet 2022; 13:960954. [PMID: 35928453 PMCID: PMC9343787 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.960954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer incidence and mortality have increased in recent years, with more than half of patients who died of colorectal cancer developing liver metastases. Consequently, colorectal cancer liver metastasis is the focus of clinical treatment, as well as being the most difficult. The primary target genes related to colorectal cancer liver metastasis were via bioinformatics analysis. First, five prognosis-related genes, CTAG1A, CSTL1, FJX1, IER5L, and KLHL35, were identified through screening, and the prognosis of the CSTL1, FJX1, IER5L, and KLHL35 high expression group was considerably poorer than that of the low expression group. Furthermore, the clinical correlation analysis revealed that in distinct pathological stages T, N, and M, the mRNA expression levels of CSTL1, IER5L, and KLHL35 were higher than in normal tissues. Finally, a correlation study of the above genes and clinical manifestations revealed that FJX1 was strongly linked to colorectal cancer liver metastasis. FJX1 is thought to affect chromogenic modification enzymes, the Notch signaling system, cell senescence, and other signaling pathways, according to KEGG enrichment analysis. FJX1 may be a critical target in colorectal cancer metastasis, and thus has the potential as a new biomarker to predict and treat colorectal cancer liver metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Zou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Hesong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yujin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Siyuan Zuo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Zhenhan Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- *Correspondence: Hailang Zhou, ; Zhenhan Li,
| | - Hailang Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui People’s Hospital Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Hailang Zhou, ; Zhenhan Li,
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27
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Zhao Y, Tang Y, Qin H, Feng K, Hu C. The efficient circulating immunoscore predicts prognosis of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:233. [PMID: 35820903 PMCID: PMC9277963 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02693-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunoscore from tumor tissues was initially established to evaluate the prognosis of solid tumor patients. However, the feasibility of circulating immune score (cIS) for the prognosis of advanced gastrointestinal cancers (AGC) has not been reported. Material and methods Peripheral venous blood was collected from 64 untreated AGC patients. We utilized flow cytometry to determine several immune cell subpopulations, including CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, NK cells, and CD4 + CD25 + CD127low Tregs. The circulating immune score 1 (cIS1) was assessed according to the proportions of CD4+, CD8+ T cells, and NK cell, whereas circulating immune score 2 (cIS2) was derived from the proportions of CD4+, CD8+ T cell, and CD4 + CD25 + CD127low Tregs. The prognostic role of cIS for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox multivariate models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were depicted to compare the prognostic values of cIS1 and cIS2. Results AGC patients with high cIS1(≥ 2) and cIS2(≥ 2) had significantly longer PFS (cIS1: median PFS, 11 vs. 6.7 months, P = 0.001; cIS2: 12 vs. 5.8 months, P < 0.0001) and OS (cIS1: median OS, 12 vs. 7.9 months, P = 0.0004; cIS2: 12.8 vs. 7.4 months, P < 0.0001) than those with low cIS1 and low cIS2. The areas under ROC curves (AUROCs) of cIS1 and cIS2 for OS were 0.526 (95% confidence interval; 95% CI 0.326–0.726) and 0.603 (95% CI 0.427–0.779, P = 0.332), whereas AUROC of cIS2 for PFS was larger than that of cIS1 0.735 (95% CI 0.609–0.837) vs 0.625 (95% CI 0.495–0.743) (P = 0.04)). Conclusion The cIS can be applied to predict the prognosis of untreated AGC patients. Compared with cIS1, cIS2 displayed superior prognostic value for PFS prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanlin Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Kehai Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Changlu Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China
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Baidoun F, Merjaneh Z, Nanah R, Saad AM, Abdel-Rahman O. Impact of perioperative chemotherapy on survival outcomes among patients with metastatic colorectal cancer to the liver. J Comp Eff Res 2022; 11:935-951. [PMID: 35787069 DOI: 10.2217/cer-2021-0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Compare overall survival (OS) between adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy and analyze the effect of chemotherapy on OS. Materials & methods: National Cancer Database was queried for patients diagnosed with metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma with isolated liver metastases between 2004 and 2016. We evaluated the OS and chemotherapy effect using Kaplan-Meier estimates and multivariable cox regression analyses. Results: Total 6883 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and liver metastases were included, of which 6042 patients were treated with surgery and chemotherapy and 841 patients were treated with surgery only. Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy had better OS compared with patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion: Patients with colorectal cancer with isolated liver metastases who were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy had better OS compared with adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas Baidoun
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Zahi Merjaneh
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Rama Nanah
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Anas M Saad
- Heart & Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Omar Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Lebeck Lee CM, Ziogas IA, Agarwal R, Alexopoulos SP, Ciombor KK, Matsuoka LK, Brown DB, Eng C. A contemporary systematic review on liver transplantation for unresectable liver metastases of colorectal cancer. Cancer 2022; 128:2243-2257. [PMID: 35285949 PMCID: PMC9311758 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The 5-year overall survival rate of a patient with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer is poor at approximately 14%. Similarly, historical data on liver transplantation (LT) in those with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) showed poor outcomes, with 5-year survival rates between 12% and 21%. More recently, limited data have shown improved outcomes in select patients with 5-year overall survival rates of approximately 60%. Despite these reported survival improvements, there is no significant improvement in disease-free survival. Given the uncertain benefit with this therapeutic approach and a renewed investigational interest, we aimed to conduct a contemporary systematic review on LT for CRLM. A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis statement. English articles reporting on data regarding LT for CRLM were identified through the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases (last search date: December 16th, 2021) by 2 researchers independently. A total of 58 studies (45 published and 13 ongoing) were included. Although early retrospective studies suggest the possibility that some carefully selected patients may benefit from LT, there is minimal prospective data on the topic and LT remains exploratory in the setting of CRLM. Additionally, several other challenges, such as the limited availability of deceased donor organs and defining appropriate selection criteria, remain when considering the implementation of LT for these patients. Further evidence from ongoing prospective trials is needed to determine if and to what extent there is a role for LT in patients with surgically unresectable CRLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody M. Lebeck Lee
- Department of Internal MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennessee
| | - Ioannis A. Ziogas
- Department of SurgeryDivision of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver TransplantationVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennessee
| | - Rajiv Agarwal
- Department of MedicineDivision of Hematology and OncologyVanderbilt University Medical Center/Vanderbilt‐Ingram Cancer CenterNashvilleTennessee
| | - Sophoclis P. Alexopoulos
- Department of SurgeryDivision of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver TransplantationVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennessee
| | - Kristen K. Ciombor
- Department of MedicineDivision of Hematology and OncologyVanderbilt University Medical Center/Vanderbilt‐Ingram Cancer CenterNashvilleTennessee
| | - Lea K. Matsuoka
- Department of SurgeryDivision of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver TransplantationVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennessee
| | - Daniel B. Brown
- Department of Radiology and Radiologic SciencesDivision of Interventional RadiologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennessee
| | - Cathy Eng
- Department of MedicineDivision of Hematology and OncologyVanderbilt University Medical Center/Vanderbilt‐Ingram Cancer CenterNashvilleTennessee
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Wu B, Yang J, Qin Z, Yang H, Shao J, Shang Y. Prognosis prediction of stage IV colorectal cancer patients by mRNA transcriptional profile. Cancer Med 2022; 11:4900-4912. [PMID: 35587572 PMCID: PMC9761091 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stage IV colorectal cancer patients with liver metastasis represent a special group of CRC patients with poor prognosis. The prognostic factors have not been investigated for stage IV CRC patients undergoing primary cancer resection but not candidates for metastasis resection. METHODS Ninety-nine stage IV CRC patients who underwent primary cancer resection without metastasis resection were retrospectively recruited. Both whole-exome sequencing (WES) and RNA-seq were performed with frozen primary cancer tissues, using para-cancerous normal tissues as the control. Valid data were obtained from 78 patients for WES and 84 patients for RNA-seq. Univariate, multivariate Cox analyses were performed and Nomogram model was established to predict patient prognosis. RESULTS The correlation between patient prognosis and clinicopathological factors, mutational status, or mRNA level changes was examined. Univariate (p = 0.0007) and subsequent multivariate analyses on clinicopathological factors showed that location (left or right) was the only independent risk factor for patient prognosis (HR = 3.63; 95% CI: 1.56-8.40, p = 0.003), while T, N, M staging, gender, race, location (rectum or colon), and pathological types were not stratifying factors. The mutational status of APC, TP53, KRAS, TTN, SYNE1, SMAD4, PIK3CA, RYR2, and BRAF did not show significant stratification in patient prognosis. RNA-seq showed that genes related to membrane function, ion channels, transporters, or receptors were among those with significant mRNA level alterations. Univariate analysis identified 97 genes with significantly altered mRNA levels, while NEUROD1, FGF18, SFTA2, PLAC1, SAA2, DSCAML1, and OTOP3 were significant in multivariate analysis. A risk model was established to stratify the prognosis of stage IV CRC patients. A Nomogram model was established with these genes to predict individual patient prognosis. CONCLUSIONS A panel of eight genes with significant mRNA level alterations was capable of predicting the prognosis and risk of the specific patient group. Future prospective study is needed to validate the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bian Wu
- Department of General Surgery IIthe First People's Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunmingYunnanChina
| | - Jinwei Yang
- Department of General Surgery IIthe First People's Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunmingYunnanChina
| | - Zhiwei Qin
- Department of General SurgeryWenshan people's Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceYunnanChina
| | - Hongping Yang
- Department of Anus and Intestine SurgeryQujing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineQujingYunnanChina
| | - Jingyi Shao
- Department of Reproductive Medicinethe First People's Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunmingYunnanChina
| | - Yun Shang
- Department of General Surgery IIthe First People's Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunmingYunnanChina
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Li Y, Wu M, Xu S, Huang H, Yan L, Gu Y. Colorectal cancer stem cell-derived exosomal long intergenic noncoding RNA 01315 (LINC01315) promotes proliferation, migration, and stemness of colorectal cancer cells. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10827-10842. [PMID: 35470736 PMCID: PMC9161962 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2065800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of long intergenic noncoding RNA 01315 (LINC01315) on colorectal cancer has widely been proved. Nevertheless, how LINC01315 functions in the stemness of colorectal cancer and whether LINC01315 exists in colorectal cancer stem-like cell-derived exosomes remain dim, which are thus investigated in this research. CD133+/CD44+ colorectal cancer stem cells were sorted and verified through flow cytometry. Exosomes derived from CD133+/CD44+ colorectal cancer stem cells were collected. The viability, proliferation, stemness and migration of CD133+/CD44+, CD133−/CD44−, and colorectal cancer cells after transfection or the co-culture with exosomes were detected by MTT, colony formation, spheroid, and wound healing assays, respectively. Expressions of LINC01315, BCL-2, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, MMP-9, E-cadherin, and vimentin in cells or exosomes were analyzed using western blot or qRT-PCR. Genes interacted with LINC01315 in colorectal cancer were predicted by bioinformatics analysis. The results showed that LINC01315 was high-expressed in CD133+/CD44+ colorectal cancer stem cells and exosomes. Compared with colorectal cancer cells, the viability, proliferation, stemness, and migration of CD133+/CD44+ cancer cells were stronger, while these of CD133−/CD44− cancer cells were weaker. Besides, LINC01315 silencing decreased the viability, proliferation, stemness, and migration of CD133+/CD44+ cancer cells, while sh-LINC01315 inhibited the promotive effects of CD133+/CD44+ cancer cell-derived exosomes on the viability, proliferation, stemness, and migration of colorectal cancer cells. LINC01315 was also found to be correlated with DPEP1, KRT23, ASCL2, AXIN2, and DUSP4 in colorectal cancer. In conclusion, colorectal cancer stem cell-derived exosomal LINC01315 promotes the proliferation, migration, and stemness of colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youran Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minna Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Anorectal, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunfei Gu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Paro A, Hyer MJ, Tsilimigras DI, Guglielmi A, Ruzzenente A, Alexandrescu S, Poultsides G, Aucejo F, Cloyd JM, Pawlik TM. Machine Learning Approach to Stratifying Prognosis Relative to Tumor Burden after Resection of Colorectal Liver Metastases: An International Cohort Analysis. J Am Coll Surg 2022; 234:504-513. [PMID: 35290269 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessing overall tumor burden on the basis of tumor number and size may assist in prognostic stratification of patients after resection of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). We sought to define the prognostic accuracy of tumor burden by using machine learning (ML) algorithms compared with other commonly used prognostic scoring systems. STUDY DESIGN Patients who underwent hepatectomy for CRLM between 2001 and 2018 were identified from a multi-institutional database and split into training and validation cohorts. ML was used to define tumor burden (ML-TB) based on CRLM tumor number and size thresholds associated with 5-year overall survival. Prognostic ability of ML-TB was compared with the Fong and Genetic and Morphological Evaluation scores using Cohen's d. RESULTS Among 1,344 patients who underwent resection of CRLM, median tumor number (2, interquartile range 1 to 3) and size (3 cm, interquartile range 2.0 to 5.0) were comparable in the training (n = 672) vs validation (n = 672) cohorts; patient age (training 60.8 vs validation 61.0) and preoperative CEA (training 10.2 ng/mL vs validation 8.3 ng/mL) was also similar (p > 0.05). ML empirically derived optimal cutoff thresholds for number of lesions (3) and size of the largest lesion (1.3 cm) in the training cohort, which were then used to categorize patients in the validation cohort into 3 prognostic groups. Patients with low, average, or high ML-TB had markedly different 5-year overall survival (51.6%, 40.9%, and 23.1%, respectively; p < 0.001). ML-TB was more effective at stratifying patients relative to 5-year overall survival (low vs high ML-TB, d = 2.73) vs the Fong clinical (d = 1.61) or Genetic and Morphological Evaluation (d = 0.84) scores. CONCLUSIONS Using a large international cohort, ML was able to stratify patients into 3 distinct prognostic categories based on overall tumor burden. ML-TB was noted to be superior to other CRLM prognostic scoring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Paro
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH (Paro, Hyer, Tsilimigras, Cloyd, Pawlik)
| | - Madison J Hyer
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH (Paro, Hyer, Tsilimigras, Cloyd, Pawlik)
| | - Diamantis I Tsilimigras
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH (Paro, Hyer, Tsilimigras, Cloyd, Pawlik)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jordan M Cloyd
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH (Paro, Hyer, Tsilimigras, Cloyd, Pawlik)
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH (Paro, Hyer, Tsilimigras, Cloyd, Pawlik)
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Care Management and Survival of Patients Diagnosed with Synchronous Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A High-Resolution Population-Based Study in Two French Areas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071777. [PMID: 35406549 PMCID: PMC8997002 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Population-based studies provide the opportunity to assess the real-world applicability of current clinical practices. The present research evaluated the survival outcomes of different therapeutic strategies for colorectal cancer (CRC) with synchronous metastasis (SM). The differential impact of treatment sequence, viz. whether chemotherapy (CT) or primary tumor resection (PTR) was performed first, was also evaluated. Methods: All CRC cases with SM diagnosed between 2006 and 2016 (N = 3062) were selected from two specialized digestive cancer registries from northwest France. Cox regression analysis was used to assess survival. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine factors related to the combination of PTR and CT. Results: The longest survival was observed in patients treated by PTR combined with CT (Group 4; N = 1159). Overall survival was 51.80% at one year (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 50.00–53.60%) and 9.40% at five years (95% CI, 8.30–10.60%). Survival did not differ with respect to the order of treatment in multivariable analysis (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.88–1.24; p = 0.55). Conclusion: Regardless of the sequence of treatment, a PTR + CT offered the best survival in patients with CRC and SM, even though few were eligible for combination therapy (38%).
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El-Gogary RI, Nasr M, Rahsed LA, Hamzawy MA. Ferulic acid nanocapsules as a promising treatment modality for colorectal cancer: Preparation and in vitro/in vivo appraisal. Life Sci 2022; 298:120500. [PMID: 35341825 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ferulic acid is a polyphenolic compound with proven anticancer properties, but it suffers from low solubility and bioavailability. In the current work, polymeric and lipidic nanocapsules of ferulic acid were prepared, characterized, and tested on colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines (HCT-116 and Caco2 cells), with mechanistic anticancer elucidation using flow cytometry. The selected NCs formulation was further tested in vivo on rats after inducing CRC using 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH), followed by biochemical analysis, molecular and histological examinations. KEY FINDINGS Results revealed that both polymeric and lipidic nanocapsules showed favorable properties, but the latter was smaller in size and presented higher cumulative percent released of FA. The lipidic nanocapsules displayed better anticancer activity than the drug on both cell lines; with apoptosis being the dominant cell death mode. The in vivo study revealed that ferulic acid lipid NCs exhibited significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. They also downregulated cyclin D1, IGF II, and VEGF, and autoregulated the apoptotic/anti-apoptotic gene BAX/Bcl-2; indicating their apoptotic and anti-angiogenic potential, which was further confirmed by histological examination. SIGNIFICANCE Findings prove that the proposed ferulic acid lipid nanocapsules are an ideal system for treatment of CRC, and can serve as a preventive measure against metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riham I El-Gogary
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Laila A Rahsed
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Hamzawy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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Morató O, Villamonte M, Sánchez-Velázquez P, Pueyo-Périz E, Grande L, Ielpo B, Rosso E, Anselmo A, Burdío F. KRAS Assessment Following ESMO Recommendations for Colorectal Liver Metastases. Is It Always Worth It? Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10030472. [PMID: 35326950 PMCID: PMC8951263 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10030472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Genetic evaluation is essential in assessing colorectal cancer (CRC) and colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM). The aim of this study was to determine the pragmatic value of KRAS on oncological outcomes after CRLM according to the ESMO recommendations and to query whether it is necessary to request KRAS testing in each situation. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 126 patients who underwent surgery for hepatic resection for CRLM between 2009 and 2020 were reviewed. The patients were divided into three categories: wild-type KRAS, mutated KRAS and impractical KRAS according to their oncological variables. The impractical (not tested) KRAS group included patients with metachronous tumours and negative lymph nodes harvested. Disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS) and hepatic recurrence-free survival (HRFS) were calculated by the Kaplan–Meier method, and a multivariable analysis was conducted using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: Of the 108 patients identified, 35 cases had KRAS wild-type, 50 cases had a KRAS mutation and the remaining 23 were classified as impractical KRAS. Significantly longer medians for OS, HRFS and DFS were found in the impractical KRAS group. In the multivariable analyses, the KRAS mutational gene was the only variable that was maintained through OS, HRFS and DFS. For HRFS (HR: 13.63; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.35–100.62; p = 0.010 for KRAS), for DFS (HR: 10.06; 95% CI: 2.40–42.17; p = 0.002 for KRAS) and for OS (HR: 4.55%; 95% CI: 1.37–15.10; p = 0.013). Conclusion: Our study considers the possibility of unnecessary KRAS testing in patients with metachronous tumours and negative lymph nodes harvested. Combining the genetic mutational profile (i.e., KRAS in specific cases) with tumour characteristics helps patient selection and achieves the best prognosis after CRLM resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Morató
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Medical Research Institute (IMIM), University Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (P.S.-V.); (E.P.-P.); (L.G.); (B.I.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-2483000
| | - Maria Villamonte
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Medical Research Institute (IMIM), University Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (P.S.-V.); (E.P.-P.); (L.G.); (B.I.); (F.B.)
| | - Patricia Sánchez-Velázquez
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Medical Research Institute (IMIM), University Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (P.S.-V.); (E.P.-P.); (L.G.); (B.I.); (F.B.)
| | - Eva Pueyo-Périz
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Medical Research Institute (IMIM), University Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (P.S.-V.); (E.P.-P.); (L.G.); (B.I.); (F.B.)
| | - Luís Grande
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Medical Research Institute (IMIM), University Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (P.S.-V.); (E.P.-P.); (L.G.); (B.I.); (F.B.)
| | - Benedetto Ielpo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Medical Research Institute (IMIM), University Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (P.S.-V.); (E.P.-P.); (L.G.); (B.I.); (F.B.)
| | - Edoardo Rosso
- Unité des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif et Endocrine, Department of Surgery and Robotics, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, L-1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg;
| | - Alessandro Anselmo
- HPB and Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00173 Rome, Italy;
| | - Fernando Burdío
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Medical Research Institute (IMIM), University Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (P.S.-V.); (E.P.-P.); (L.G.); (B.I.); (F.B.)
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Han T, Zhu J, Chen X, Chen R, Jiang Y, Wang S, Xu D, Shen G, Zheng J, Xu C. Application of artificial intelligence in a real-world research for predicting the risk of liver metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:28. [PMID: 35033083 PMCID: PMC8761313 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02424-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver is the most common metastatic site of colorectal cancer (CRC) and liver metastasis (LM) determines subsequent treatment as well as prognosis of patients, especially in T1 patients. T1 CRC patients with LM are recommended to adopt surgery and systematic treatments rather than endoscopic therapy alone. Nevertheless, there is still no effective model to predict the risk of LM in T1 CRC patients. Hence, we aim to construct an accurate predictive model and an easy-to-use tool clinically. Methods We integrated two independent CRC cohorts from Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database (SEER, training dataset) and Xijing hospital (testing dataset). Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) methods were adopted to establish the predictive model. Results A total of 16,785 and 326 T1 CRC patients from SEER database and Xijing hospital were incorporated respectively into the study. Every single ML model demonstrated great predictive capability, with an area under the curve (AUC) close to 0.95 and a stacking bagging model displaying the best performance (AUC = 0.9631). Expectedly, the stacking model exhibited a favorable discriminative ability and precisely screened out all eight LM cases from 326 T1 patients in the outer validation cohort. In the subgroup analysis, the stacking model also demonstrated a splendid predictive ability for patients with tumor size ranging from one to50mm (AUC = 0.956). Conclusion We successfully established an innovative and convenient AI model for predicting LM in T1 CRC patients, which was further verified in the external dataset. Ultimately, we designed a novel and easy-to-use decision tree, which only incorporated four fundamental parameters and could be successfully applied in clinical practice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02424-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenghui Han
- Xijing Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Southern Theater Air Force Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Southern Theater Air Force Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rujie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Ming Gang Station Hospital, Xi'an Institute of Flight of the Air Force, Minggang, China
| | - Dong Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Shen
- Ming Gang Station Hospital, Xi'an Institute of Flight of the Air Force, Minggang, China
| | - Jianyong Zheng
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Chunsheng Xu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Zhang D, Wang X, Zhang M, Yin Y, Guo J. Clinical efficacy of chemotherapy in colorectal cancer patients over 80 years old. Int J Colorectal Dis 2022; 37:1853-1863. [PMID: 35857106 PMCID: PMC9388411 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-022-04222-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common and aggressive gastrointestinal cancer, and the prognostic impact associated with chemotherapy in super elderly (over 80 years old) patients remains poorly defined. We aimed to define the effect of chemotherapy on the prognosis of patients with CRC over 80 years old. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective study including CRC patients over 80 years old was conducted. The patients were screened from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2015. Overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were applied as the primary and secondary outcome. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate factors associated with OS and CSS. Survival curves of OS and CSS were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by log-rank test. RESULTS In total, 14,748 CRC patients over 80 years old were included in this study. The median patient age was 85 (IQR: 82-87). All patients were divided into surgical group and non-surgical group. The OS and CSS of the surgical group were significantly better than those of the non-surgical group (P < 0.001). Chemotherapy can improve OS and CSS for patients with stage III and IV (P < 0.001) in surgical group. For the super elderly patients with CRC, chemotherapy significantly improved OS and CSS in all TNM stages in non-surgical group. CONCLUSION For super elderly patients with colorectal cancer, tumor treatment should not be abandoned because of their age. It is necessary to carry out clinical trials in super elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Wang
- Jinan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan, 250001 Shandong China
| | - Mingbao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Yafei Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianqiang Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China
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Meyer Y, Olthof PB, Grünhagen DJ, de Hingh I, de Wilt JHW, Verhoef C, Elferink MAG. Treatment of metachronous colorectal cancer metastases in the Netherlands: A population-based study. Eur J Surg Oncol 2021; 48:1104-1109. [PMID: 34895970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to describe the treatment of metachronous colorectal cancer metastases in a recent population-based cohort. METHOD Patients with stage I-III colorectal cancer (CRC), diagnosed between January 1st and June 30th, 2015 who were surgically treated with curative intent were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Follow-up was at least 3 years after diagnosis of the primary tumour. Treatment of metachronous metastases was categorized into local treatment, systemic treatment, and best supportive care. Overall survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS Out of 5412 patients, 782 (14%) developed metachronous metastases, of whom 393 (50%) underwent local treatment (LT) with or without systemic therapy, 30% of patients underwent only systemic therapy (ST) and 19% only best supportive care (BSC). The most common metastatic site was the liver (51%) followed by lungs (33%) and peritoneum (22%). LT rates were 69%, 66%, and 44% for liver-only, lung-only and, peritoneal-only metastases respectively. Patients receiving LT and ST were significantly younger than patients receiving LT alone, while patients receiving BSC were significantly older than the other groups (p < 0.001). Patients with liver-only or lung-only metastases had a 3-year OS of 50.2% (43.3-56.7 95% CI) and 61.5% (50.7-70.6 95% CI) respectively. Patients with peritoneal-only disease had a lower 3-year OS, 18.1% (10.1-28.0 95% CI). CONCLUSION Patients with metastases confined to the liver and lung have the highest rates of local treatment for metachronous metastatic colorectal cancer. The number of patients who underwent local treatment is higher than reported in previous Dutch and international studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Meyer
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P B Olthof
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - D J Grünhagen
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - I de Hingh
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Ziekenhuis Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - J H W de Wilt
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - C Verhoef
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M A G Elferink
- Department of Research & Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Breton C, Meyer A, Malka D, Matias M, De Baere T, Hammel P, Sa Cunha A, Lucchese A, Fuks D, Coriat R, Gallois C, Touchefeu Y, Maillet M, Trouilloud I, Rompteaux P, Carbonnel F, Soularue E. Local treatment of pancreatic cancer metastases: A multicenter French study of the AGEO group. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2021; 45:101607. [PMID: 33662776 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2020.101607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study reports the efficacy and safety of local treatment of metastases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), with a curative intent. METHODS We retrospectively included patients with histologically proven PDAC, who underwent a local treatment for metastases between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2017, from 11 French hospitals. Complications of local treatment were reported. Univariate Cox models were performed to identify prognosis factors associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS We included 52 patients treated for 68 metastases; 33 (64%) of whom had metachronous metastases. Metastatic sites treated were: 39 (57%) hepatic, 18 (27%) pulmonary and 11 (16%) others. Metastases treatments were: 45 (66%) surgery, 9 (13%) radiofrequency and 14 (21%) other procedures. The rates of severe complications and mortality were respectively 10% and 4%. The median OS and DFS after local treatment were 36.5 months and 12.7 months, respectively. Prognosis factors associated with a shorter OS were: liver metastases when compared with lung metastases (HR 4.04; 95%CI: 1.18-13.81), N2 status of primary pancreatic tumor when compared to N0-N1 (HR 9.43; 95%CI: 2.44-36.36) and synchronous metastases when compared to metachronous metastases (HR 2.34; 95%CI: 1.05-5.23). N2 status of primary pancreatic tumor was associated with a shorter DFS when compared to N0-N1 (HR 2.82; 95%CI: 1.05-7.58). CONCLUSION In this series of highly selected patients, local treatment of metastases from PDAC is associated with prolonged survival. The rate of severe complications was low. Factors associated with shorter OS were liver metastases, N2 status and synchronous metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Breton
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bicêtre Hospital AP-HP, Paris-Saclay University, 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
| | - Antoine Meyer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bicêtre Hospital AP-HP, Paris-Saclay University, 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - David Malka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Margarida Matias
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Thierry De Baere
- Department of Radiology, Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Pascal Hammel
- Department of Oncology, Beaujon Hospital AP-HP, Paris University, 100 Boulevard du Général Leclerc, 92110 Clichy, France
| | - Antonio Sa Cunha
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Hepatobiliary Center of Paul Brousse APHP, Paris-Saclay University, 12 Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Angelica Lucchese
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Hepatobiliary Center of Paul Brousse APHP, Paris-Saclay University, 12 Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - David Fuks
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Institute Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 Boulevard Jourdan, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Romain Coriat
- Department of Gastro-enterology, Cochin Hospital AP-HP, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Claire Gallois
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital AP-HP, Paris University, 20 Rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yann Touchefeu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nantes University Hospital, 5 Allée de L'île Gloriette, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Marianne Maillet
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saint-Louis Hospital AP-HP, Paris University,1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Trouilloud
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint-Antoine Hospital AP-HP, Sorbonne University, 184 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Rompteaux
- Department of Gastroenterology, Avicenne Hospital AP-HP, Sorbonne University, 125 Rue de Stalingrad, 93000 Bobigny, Paris, France
| | - Franck Carbonnel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bicêtre Hospital AP-HP, Paris-Saclay University, 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Emilie Soularue
- Department of Oncology, Institute Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 Boulevard Jourdan, 75014 Paris, France
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Lee KY, Lau J, Siew BE, Chua YK, Lim YX, Lim XY, Chong CS, Tan KK. Does pulmonary metastasectomy of colorectal metastases translate to
better survival? A systematic review. ANNALS OF THE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, SINGAPORE 2021. [DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2021255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Surgical resection of the primary and metastatic tumour is increasingly recommended
in suitable patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). While the role of metastasectomy is well
studied and established in colorectal liver metastasis, evidence remains limited in pulmonary metastases.
This systematic review was conducted to examine the current evidence on the role of lung metastasectomy
(LUM) in CRC.
Methods: Three databases were systematically searched, to identify studies that compared survival
outcomes of LUM, and factors that affected decision for LUM.
Results: From a total of 5,477 records, 6 studies were eventually identified. Two papers reported
findings from one randomised controlled trial and 4 were retrospective reviews. There was no clear survival
benefit in patients who underwent LUM compared to those who did not. When compared against patients
who underwent liver metastasectomy, there was also no clear survival benefit. Patients who underwent
LUM were also more likely to have a single pulmonary tumour, and metachronous disease.
Conclusion: The evidence suggests a role for LUM, but is limited by inherent selection bias in retrospective
reviews, and the single randomised clinical trial performed was not completed. More prospective studies
are required to understand the true effect of LUM on outcomes in metastatic CRC.
Keywords: Colorectal cancer, pulmonary metastasectomy, pulmonary metastases, survival
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yin Lee
- National University Health System, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | - Xin-Yi Lim
- National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Ker-Kan Tan
- National University Health System, Singapore
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Polderdijk MCE, Brouwer M, Haverkamp L, Ziesemer KA, Tenhagen M, Boerma D, Kok NFM, Versteeg KS, Sommeijer DW, Tanis PJ, Tuynman JB. Outcomes of Combined Peritoneal and Local Treatment for Patients with Peritoneal and Limited Liver Metastases of Colorectal Origin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 29:1952-1962. [PMID: 34686925 PMCID: PMC8810452 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10925-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Almost half of all colorectal cancer (CRC) patients will experience metastases at some point, and in the majority of cases, multiple organs will be involved. If the peritoneum is involved in addition to the liver, the current guideline-driven treatment options are limited. The reported overall survival ranges from 6 to 13 months for the current standard of care (systemic treatment). This study aimed to evaluate morbidity and clinical long-term outcomes from a combined local treatment of hepatic metastases with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) used to treat peritoneal metastases. Methods A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Embase.com, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Studies evaluating the clinicopathologic data of patients who had both peritoneal and hepatic metastases treated with CRS-HIPEC were included provided sufficient data on the primary outcomes (overall and disease-free survival) were presented. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS). Results Patients treated for peritoneal and liver metastases (PMLM group) had a pooled mean survival of 26.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 22.4–30.4 months), with a 3-year survival rate of 34% (95% CI 26.7–42.0%) and a 5-year survival rate of 25% (95% CI 17.3–33.8%). Surgical complications occurred more frequently for these patients than for those with peritoneal metastasis only (40% vs 22%; p = 0.0014), but the mortality and reoperation rates did not differ significantly. Conclusion This systematic review showed that CRS and HIPEC combined with local treatment of limited liver metastasis for selected patients is feasible, although with increased morbidity and an association with a long-term survival rate of 25%, which is unlikely to be achievable with systemic treatment only.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1245/s10434-021-10925-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot C E Polderdijk
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Max Brouwer
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leonie Haverkamp
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mark Tenhagen
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Djamila Boerma
- Department of Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Niels F M Kok
- Department of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kathelijn S Versteeg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirkje W Sommeijer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Flevoziekenhuis, Almere, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter J Tanis
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan B Tuynman
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Hu F, Wu Y, Liu C, Zhu Y, Ye S, Xi Y, Cui W, Bu S. Penicillin disrupts mitochondrial function and induces autophagy in colorectal cancer cell lines. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:691. [PMID: 34457046 PMCID: PMC8358593 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. Currently, the main treatment is surgical resection, which can be combined with other treatments. However, treatment efficacy is poor, and colorectal cancer is prone to relapse and metastasis; thus, identifying an effective anti-cancer drug is an urgent requirement. The present study examined the antagonistic effect of penicillin on cultured colorectal cancer cells and the related mechanism. A MTT assay was used to assess the growth of the colorectal cancer cells treated with penicillin and to determine the optimal drug concentration. The wound healing and Transwell invasion assays were performed to investigate the effect of penicillin on the migration and invasion of the colorectal cancer cells. Live cell mitochondrial energy metabolism analysis was performed to detect changes in mitochondrial energy metabolism of the colorectal cancer cells, while western blot analysis was used to measure the expression of cytochrome c and autophagy-related protein, LC3. RFP-GFP-LC3 lentivirus was used to detect autophagic flux, and autophagosomes were observed using a transmission electron microscope, while flow cytometry was used to analyze the effect of penicillin on cell cycle progression and apoptosis of the colorectal cancer cells. After penicillin treatment, the growth, migration and invasion ability of the colorectal cancer cells were inhibited. The mitochondrial energy metabolism of the cell was impaired, and the basic respiratory capacity, maximum respiratory capacity, respiratory potential, and ATP production were all reduced. The protein expression levels of the autophagy-related proteins, LC3-II/LC3-I increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, autophagy flux and the number of autophagosomes increased, and mitochondrial structural damage was observed. The cell cycle was arrested at the G1 phase, the number of early apoptotic cells increased and the protein expression level of cleaved caspase-3 increased, while penicillin-induced apoptosis was blocked by the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. In conclusion, penicillin disrupted mitochondrial function and energy metabolism in the colorectal cancer cells, which resulted in the induction of autophagic apoptosis and ultimately the inhibition of cancer cell growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Hu
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.,Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi, Zhejiang 315300, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wu
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Yingchao Zhu
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Shazhou Ye
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Yang Xi
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Shizhong Bu
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
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Rio-Vilariño A, del Puerto-Nevado L, García-Foncillas J, Cebrián A. Ras Family of Small GTPases in CRC: New Perspectives for Overcoming Drug Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3757. [PMID: 34359657 PMCID: PMC8345156 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer remains among the cancers with the highest incidence, prevalence, and mortality worldwide. Although the development of targeted therapies against the EGFR and VEGFR membrane receptors has considerably improved survival in these patients, the appearance of resistance means that their success is still limited. Overactivation of several members of the Ras-GTPase family is one of the main actors in both tumour progression and the lack of response to cytotoxic and targeted therapies. This fact has led many resources to be devoted over the last decades to the development of targeted therapies against these proteins. However, they have not been as successful as expected in their move to the clinic so far. In this review, we will analyse the role of these Ras-GTPases in the emergence and development of colorectal cancer and their relationship with resistance to targeted therapies, as well as the status and new advances in the design of targeted therapies against these proteins and their possible clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jesús García-Foncillas
- Translational Oncology Division, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jimenez Diaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.-V.); (L.d.P.-N.)
| | - Arancha Cebrián
- Translational Oncology Division, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jimenez Diaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.-V.); (L.d.P.-N.)
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Han W, Kong D, Lu Q, Zhang W, Fan Z. Aloperine Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Regulating the circNSUN2/miR-296-5p/STAT3 Pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:857-870. [PMID: 33664565 PMCID: PMC7924259 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s288473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Aloperine can regulate miR-296-5p/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway to inhibit the malignant development of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the regulatory mechanism is unclear. This study explored the upstream mechanism of Aloperine in reducing CRC damage from the perspective of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. Methods After treatment with gradient concentrations of Aloperine (0.1 mmol/L, 0.2 mmol/L, 0.4 mmol/L, 0.8 mmol/L and 1 mmol/L) for 24 hours, changes in CRC cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by functional experiments. Data of the differential expression of miR-296-5p in CRC patients and healthy people were obtained from Starbase. The effects of Aloperine on 12 differentially expressed circRNAs were detected. The binding of miR-296-5p with NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase 2 (circNSUN2) and STAT3 was predicted by TargetScan and confirmed through dual-luciferase experiments. The expressions of circNSUN2, miR-296-5p and STAT3 as well as apoptosis-related genes in CRC cells were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot as needed. Rescue experiments were conducted to test the regulatory effects of circNSUN2, miR-296-5p and STAT3 on CRC cells. Results Aloperine at a concentration gradient inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in CRC cells. The abnormally low expression of miR-296-5p in CRC could be upregulated by Aloperine. Among the differentially expressed circRNAs in CRC, only circNSUN2 not only targets miR-296-5p, but also can be regulated by Aloperine. The up-regulation of circNSUN2 offset the inhibitory effect of Aloperine on cancer cells. The rescue experiments finally confirmed the regulation of circNSUN2/miR-296-5p/STAT3 axis in CRC cells. Conclusion By regulating the circNSUN2/miR-296-5p/STAT3 pathway, Aloperine prevents the malignant development of CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Han
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Chinese Medicine Modernization and Big Data Research Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,General Surgery Department, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Desong Kong
- Chinese Medicine Modernization and Big Data Research Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Lu
- Proctology Department, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Anesthesiology Department, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Fan
- Proctology Department, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Gao W, Chen Y, Yang J, Zhuo C, Huang S, Zhang H, Shi Y. Clinical Perspectives on Liquid Biopsy in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:634642. [PMID: 33584829 PMCID: PMC7876389 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.634642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy, which generally refers to the analysis of biological components such as circulating nuclear acids and circulating tumor cells in body fluids, particularly in peripheral blood, has shown good capacity to overcome several limitations faced by conventional tissue biopsies. Emerging evidence in recent decades has confirmed the promising role of liquid biopsy in the clinical management of various cancers, including colorectal cancer, which is one of the most prevalent cancers and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the challenges and poor clinical outcomes, patients with metastatic colorectal cancer can expect potential clinical benefits with liquid biopsy. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the clinical prospects of liquid biopsy in metastatic colorectal cancer, specifically with regard to the recently discovered various biomarkers identified on liquid biopsy. These biomarkers have been shown to be potentially useful in multiple aspects of metastatic colorectal cancer, such as auxiliary diagnosis of metastasis, prognosis prediction, and monitoring of therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yigui Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Changhua Zhuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgical Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sha Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgical Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Novel Epigenetic Eight-Gene Signature Predictive of Poor Prognosis and MSI-Like Phenotype in Human Metastatic Colorectal Carcinomas. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13010158. [PMID: 33466447 PMCID: PMC7796477 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The global methylation profile of two human metastatic colorectal carcinoma subgroups with significantly different outcomes (primary-resistant versus drug-sensitive tumors) was analyzed and compared with the gene expression and methylation data from The Cancer Genome Atlas COlon ADenocarcinoma (TCGA COAD) metastatic colorectal carcinoma dataset with the aim to identify a prognostic signature of functionally methylated genes. A novel epigenetic eight-gene signature, with hypermethylation of the promoter regions, was identified and validated for its capacity to predict poor outcome, which had a CpG-island methylator phenotype (CIMP)-high status and microsatellite instability (MSI)-like phenotype. Abstract Epigenetics is involved in tumor progression and drug resistance in human colorectal carcinoma (CRC). This study addressed the hypothesis that the DNA methylation profiling may predict the clinical behavior of metastatic CRCs (mCRCs). The global methylation profile of two human mCRC subgroups with significantly different outcome was analyzed and compared with gene expression and methylation data from The Cancer Genome Atlas COlon ADenocarcinoma (TCGA COAD) and the NCBI GENE expression Omnibus repository (GEO) GSE48684 mCRCs datasets to identify a prognostic signature of functionally methylated genes. A novel epigenetic signature of eight hypermethylated genes was characterized that was able to identify mCRCs with poor prognosis, which had a CpG-island methylator phenotype (CIMP)-high and microsatellite instability (MSI)-like phenotype. Interestingly, methylation events were enriched in genes located on the q-arm of chromosomes 13 and 20, two chromosomal regions with gain/loss alterations associated with adenoma-to-carcinoma progression. Finally, the expression of the eight-genes signature and MSI-enriching genes was confirmed in oxaliplatin- and irinotecan-resistant CRC cell lines. These data reveal that the hypermethylation of specific genes may provide prognostic information that is able to identify a subgroup of mCRCs with poor prognosis.
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RNA-binding protein CELF1 enhances cell migration, invasion, and chemoresistance by targeting ETS2 in colorectal cancer. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:1973-1990. [PMID: 32677671 DOI: 10.1042/cs20191174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is often diagnosed at later stages after it has metastasized to other organs. The development of chemoresistance also contributes to a poor prognosis. Therefore, an increased understanding of the metastatic properties of CRC and chemoresistance could improve patient survival. CUGBP elav-like family member 1 (CELF1) is an RNA-binding protein, which is overexpressed in many human malignant tumors. However, the influence of CELF1 in CRC is unclear. V-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homologue 2 (ETS2) is an evolutionarily conserved proto-oncogene known to be overexpressed in a variety of human cancers including CRC. In thespresent tudy, we investigated the association between CELF1 and ETS2 in CRC tumorigenesis and oxaliplatin (L-OHP) resistance. We found a positive correlation between the elevated expression of CELF1 and ETS2 in human CRC tissues. Overexpression of CELF1 increased CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in a xenograft tumor growth model in vivo, and induced resistance to L-OHP. In contrast, CELF1 knockdown improved the response of CRC cells to L-OHP. Overexpression of ETS2 increased the malignant behavior of CRC cells (growth, migration, and invasion) and L-OHP resistance in vitro. Moreover, L-OHP resistance induced by CELF1 overexpression was reversed by ETS2 knockdown. The results of luciferase reporter and ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation assays indicated that CELF1 up-regulates ETS2 by binding to its 3'-UTR. Taken together, our findings have identified that CELF1 regulates ETS2 in a mechanism that results in CRC tumorigenesis and L-OHP resistance, and CELF1 may be a promising target for overcoming chemoresistance in CRC.
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Wang J, Liu Y, Li Y, Zheng X, Gan J, Wan Z, Zhang J, Liu Y, Wang Y, Hu W, Li Y, Liu Y. Exosomal‑miR‑10a derived from colorectal cancer cells suppresses migration of human lung fibroblasts, and expression of IL‑6, IL‑8 and IL‑1β. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:84. [PMID: 33236127 PMCID: PMC7716406 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) carried in exosomes serve an important role in the pre‑metastatic microenvironment and in intercellular interactions. However, the function of exosomal‑miR‑10a derived from primary colorectal cancer (CRC) cells on fibroblasts in the lung metastatic microenvironment of patients with CRC remains unclear. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR was performed using samples from patients with CRC, and demonstrated that the expression levels of miR‑10a were significantly lower in serum and cancer tissue samples from patients with CRC compared with in serum from healthy individuals and paired non‑cancerous tissues, respectively. In addition, the expression levels of miR‑10a were inversely associated with the invasion depth of CRC. Exosomal‑miR‑10a derived from CRC cells reduced the proliferative and migratory activities of primary normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLFs), and the expression levels of IL‑6, IL‑8 and IL‑1β in NHLFs. The present study provided insight into the phenotypic alterations of NHLFs induced by exosomal‑miR‑10a derived from CRC cells, which may aid understanding of the mechanism underlying the process of CRC lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Yuanting Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Nuclear Medicine Clinical Laboratory, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Zheng
- Nuclear Medicine Clinical Laboratory, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Jianhui Gan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyuan Wan
- The Cancer Institute, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- The Cancer Institute, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- The Cancer Institute, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Wanning Hu
- The Cancer Institute, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Yufeng Li
- The Cancer Institute, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Yankun Liu
- The Cancer Institute, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
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NIR promotes progression of colorectal cancer through regulating RB. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1868:118856. [PMID: 32931817 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
NIR, a novel INHAT, negatively regulates the transcription activity of tumor repressor p53. However, if NIR functions in the tumorigenesis dependent on the regulation of p53 remains unknown. Here, we report that NIR promotes progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) through regulating RB function. Firstly, we found that NIR expression is upregulated in the human CRC tissues and significantly associated with the poor outcome of the patients. Sequence alignment shows that NIR contains an RB-binding motif LxCxE in its INHAT-2 domain. We demonstrate that NIR interacts with RB via INHAT-2 in CRC cells and promotes RB degradation through proteasome-mediated pathway. Further, either full-length GFP-NIR or GFP-NIR-INHAT2 facilitates poly-ubiquitination of RB. In addition, NIR inhibits RB acetylation by INHAT-2, suggesting NIR might promote RB degradation through inhibiting RB acetylation. Importantly, endogenous NIR is downregulated upon DNA damage, which is consistent with the upregulation of total level and acetylation of RB. We further show that Flag-NIR inhibits DNA damage-induced RB acetylation. Thus, downregulation of NIR might contribute to maintain the cellular homeostasis under DNA damage. Consequently, depletion of NIR inhibits cell proliferation and tumor growth in mouse xenografts. Taken together, we demonstrate that NIR promotes CRC progression partially through inhibiting RB acetylation and promoting RB degradation. Targeting NIR may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for NIR-upregulated CRC patients.
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Zhao Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Cui H, Cao Y. Effect observation and effective evaluation of rapid rehabilitation nursing on patients with colorectal cancer undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Minerva Med 2020; 113:209-210. [PMID: 32914614 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.20.06932-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhao
- Department of Operation Room, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Operation Room, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaokun Wang
- Department of Operation Room, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Honghong Cui
- Department of Disinfection Supply Center, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Yunfeng Cao
- Department of General Surgery (Gastrointestinal) Area 1, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China -
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