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Roche E, Richardson N, Sweeney J, O’Donnell S. Workplace Interventions Targeting Mental Health Literacy, Stigma, Help-Seeking, and Help-Offering in Male-Dominated Industries: A Systematic Review. Am J Mens Health 2024; 18:15579883241236223. [PMID: 38581228 PMCID: PMC10998494 DOI: 10.1177/15579883241236223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Mental ill-health and suicide represent a significant proportion of the burden of global disease among men. Connell's relational theory of masculinities provides a useful framework to explore how mental health literacy, mental health stigma, and delayed help-seeking and help-offering behaviors are associated with mental ill-health among men, particularly within male-dominated industries. To address the high incidences of mental ill-health in male-dominated industries, several workplace interventions targeting these outcomes have been implemented. No review to date has examined the current state of evidence for these interventions or identified the behavior change techniques used. This review was restricted to empirical, quantitative research reporting on psychosocial interventions targeting mental health literacy, stigma, and help-seeking and help-offering behaviors in male-dominated industries. Quality appraisal was completed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project and a narrative synthesis was conducted. Twelve articles were included for review which reported on four distinct interventions. The methodological quality of two articles was strong, three moderate and seven weak. The strongest evidence of intervention effects related to mental health literacy and help-seeking intentions. There was less evidence relating to help-offering and help-seeking behaviors and mental health stigma. Sixteen behavior change techniques were identified across interventions that are discussed in relation to the wider men's health literature. The evidence on psychosocial interventions in male-dominated industries is limited due to methodological and conceptual issues. Recommendations for future research include standardized reporting of intervention descriptions, the use of theory to guide intervention development, and utilizing validated and reliable outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Roche
- The National Centre for Men’s Health, Department of Health and Sports Sciences, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Noel Richardson
- The National Centre for Men’s Health, Department of Health and Sports Sciences, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Jack Sweeney
- The National Centre for Men’s Health, Department of Health and Sports Sciences, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Shane O’Donnell
- The National Centre for Men’s Health, Department of Health and Sports Sciences, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
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2
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Oliffe JL, Kelly MT, Montaner GG, Kealy D, Seidler ZE, Ogrodniczuk JS, Sharp P, Rice SM. Men, relationships and partner-initiated break-ups: A narrative analysis. Health Psychol Open 2022; 9:20551029221142465. [DOI: 10.1177/20551029221142465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
For men, significant risks associated with partner-initiated break-ups include domestic violence, mental health challenges and difficultly with life transition. This narrative analysis study shares three storylines drawn from interviews with 25 men who experienced a partner-initiated break-up. Ill equipped to stay or to initiate leaving narratives positioned participants as conflict averse, lacking agency and withdrawing emotionally from the partnership and its demise. Victims of circumstance narratives included men who engaged in cyclic arguments and ongoing power struggles with partners, a pattern that often amplified conflict after the break-up. Transitioning these two impasse narratives were some participants whose Accountability and growth storylines highlighted their introspective self-work, aided by resources including professional help to deconstruct, understand, and adjust their behaviours. Making connections to masculinities theory, these findings suggest that tailored interventions, including narrative therapy, might usefully interrupt impasse narratives to aid men’s development and healthful transitions through partner-initiated break-ups.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Nursing, University of Melbourne, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mary T Kelly
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - David Kealy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Zac E Seidler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - John S Ogrodniczuk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Paul Sharp
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Simon M Rice
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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3
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Streb J, Ruppel E, Möller-Leimkühler AM, Büsselmann M, Franke I, Dudeck M. Gender-Specific Differences in Depressive Behavior Among Forensic Psychiatric Patients. Front Psychol 2021; 12:639191. [PMID: 34489775 PMCID: PMC8417531 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.639191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Women are almost twice as likely to develop depression than men, but men commit suicide more often. One explanation for this paradox is that current depression inventories do not fully capture typical male symptoms of depression. Several studies showed that most depression symptoms in men are masked by externalizing behaviors, such as aggressiveness, addiction, and risky behavior. Here, we explored the differences in depression symptoms between men and women in a forensic psychiatric sample. Methods We screened 182 forensic psychiatric patients and selected a matched sample (21 women and 21 men). External symptoms of depression were assessed with the Gender-Sensitive Depression Screening (GSDS) and internal symptoms with the Beck Depression Inventory Revision. Results Although externalizing behaviors were similar in both groups, we found a significant relationship between external and internal depression symptoms only in men. In addition, male forensic patients with a history of suicide had higher scores in the GSDS, whereas female patients with a history of suicide had higher scores in the Beck Depression Inventory Revision. Discussion The finding that the GSDS detected depression symptoms in men indicates that this instrument might be useful for developing assessments to prevent suicide in forensic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Streb
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Elena Ruppel
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Michael Büsselmann
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Irina Franke
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Psychiatric Services of Grisons, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Dudeck
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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4
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Boecking B, Biehl R, Brueggemann P, Mazurek B. Health-Related Quality of Life, Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety, and Somatization Symptoms in Male and Female Patients with Chronic Tinnitus. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10132798. [PMID: 34202097 PMCID: PMC8267833 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the joint impact of tinnitus-related distress (TRD), anxiety, depressive symptoms, and other somatization symptoms on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in female vs. male patients with chronic tinnitus. Method: Three-hundred-and-fifty-two patients with chronic tinnitus completed audiological testing and a psychological assessment battery that comprised—among other measures—German versions of the Tinnitus Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Somatic Symptom Scale-8, and Health-Related Quality of Life scale. Descriptive analyses examined associations as well as within- and between-gender differences of the measured variables. Gender-specific serial indirect effects analyses aimed to explain the impact of TRD on HRQoL through psychological processes, notably anxiety, depressive symptoms, and somatization symptoms. Results: Both female and male patients yielded lower mental than physical HRQoL and negative associations between the measured psychological variables and HRQoL. Compared to male patients, female patients reported higher levels of tinnitus-related- and wider psychological distress, other somatization symptoms (e.g., headaches), and impairments in mental and physical HRQoL. For each gender, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and somatization symptoms fully mediated the effect of TRD on mental and physical HRQoL. A double-dissociation revealed an interaction of somatization symptoms and depression on the TRD-HRQoL association in women, and of somatization symptoms and anxiety in men. Conclusions: In patients with chronic tinnitus, psychological constructs account for reported impairments in both mental and physical HRQoL. To improve patients’ HRQoL, treatment conceptualizations should consider gender-specific psychological expressions of low mood or anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Birgit Mazurek
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-450-009; Fax: +49-30-450-555-907
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5
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No One Smiles at Me: The Double Displacement of Iranian Migrant Men as Refugees Who Use Drugs in Australia. SOCIAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci10030085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drawing on relevant sociological and feminist theories namely a social constructivist and intersectional framework, this article explores ways in which migrant Iranian men as ‘refugees’ ‘who use drugs’ navigate the complex terrain of ‘double displacement’ in the Australian contemporary context. It presents findings from a series of community based participatory and culturally responsive focus groups and in-depth interviews of twenty-seven participants in Sydney, Australia. Results highlight the ways in which social categories of gender, language, class, ethnicity, race, migration status and their relationship to intersubjective hierarchies and exclusion in Australia circumnavigate and intervene with participants’ alcohol and other drugs’ (AOD) use and related harms. The article argues that there is a need to pay greater attention to the implications of masculinities, power relations and the resultant material, social and affective emotional impacts of displacement for refugee men within Australian health care responses.
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6
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Sileo KM, Kershaw TS. Dimensions of Masculine Norms, Depression, and Mental Health Service Utilization: Results From a Prospective Cohort Study Among Emerging Adult Men in the United States. Am J Mens Health 2021; 14:1557988320906980. [PMID: 32079448 PMCID: PMC7036518 DOI: 10.1177/1557988320906980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of multidimensional masculine
norms (“status,” “toughness,” “anti-femininity”) on depression and mental health
service utilization among emerging adult men in the Northeast United States.
This study examines substance use and hostility as secondary outcomes and
depression status as an effect moderator on the relationship between masculine
norms and mental health service utilization. This study used data from a
prospective cohort study that followed 18- to 25-year-old heterosexual men over
6 months. At baseline and 6 months, approximately 29% and 25% of the sample met
the criteria for depression. The results of multivariate linear and logistic
regression models found that greater endorsement of masculine status was
associated with less depressive symptoms at baseline and 6 months, masculine
toughness was associated with more substance use at baseline, and masculine
anti-femininity was associated with greater hostility at baseline and 6 months.
The multivariate Poisson model found that greater endorsement of status was
associated with greater mental health service utilization in the prior year,
especially for men not meeting the criteria for depression. In contrast, greater
endorsement of anti-femininity and toughness norms was associated with less
mental health service utilization; for men endorsing toughness norms, this
effect was greater for those who were depressed. This study sheds light on the
harmful and protective effects of masculine norms on depression, related mental
health outcomes, and mental health service utilization, with implications for
gender-tailored approaches to engage and retain young men in mental health
services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn M Sileo
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, TX, USA.,The Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Trace S Kershaw
- The Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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7
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O de Visser R, Mushtaq M, Naz F. Masculinity beliefs and willingness to seek help among young men in the United Kingdom and Pakistan. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2020; 27:1052-1062. [PMID: 33180566 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2020.1847301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Health-related behaviors including help-seeking are related to men's felt and perceived masculinity. This study explored whether findings from studies of links between masculinity and health-related behavior in developed 'western' contexts applied in the more strongly patriarchal cultural context of Pakistan. Online questionnaires were completed by male university students aged 17-30: 307 in Pakistan and 105 in the United Kingdom. Analyses revealed that compared to British men, Pakistani respondents had less egalitarian beliefs about gender relations, gave more importance to their own masculinity, considered non-traditional behaviors to have greater negative implications for men's masculinity, and were less willing to seek help. Among Pakistani men, lower willingness to seek help for physical and mental health was predicted by having less egalitarian gender beliefs, giving greater importance to personal masculinity, and considering non-traditional behaviors to have greater negative implications for men's masculinity. Among British men, greater perceived masculinity of help seeking predicted help seeking for physical concerns, and less importance of personal masculinity predicted help seeking for mental health. The results highlight a need for sensitivity to men's gender identity concerns when providing and encouraging use of health care, and to be aware of how cultural norms shape individuals' beliefs and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mamoona Mushtaq
- Department of Psychology, Government MAO College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fauzia Naz
- Department of Psychology, Government College - Township, Lahore, Pakistan
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8
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Rooney L, John M, Morison L. Communication strategies used by women to influence male partners to seek professional help for mental health problems: A qualitative study. CLIN PSYCHOL-UK 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/cp.12182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Rooney
- School of Psychology, Surrey University, Guildford, UK,
- Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Tatchbury Mount, Calmore, Southampton, Hampshire, UK,
| | - Mary John
- School of Psychology, Surrey University, Guildford, UK,
- Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Trust Headquarters, Worthing, UK,
| | - Linda Morison
- School of Psychology, Surrey University, Guildford, UK,
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9
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Goodwill JR, Johnson NC, Watkins DC. Adherence to Masculine Norms and Depressive Symptoms in Young Black Men. SOCIAL WORK 2020; 65:235-244. [PMID: 32710114 DOI: 10.1093/sw/swaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports have highlighted disparities in representation of Black men within research, calling for more work to be done with this group. The authors take up this call by exploring whether adherence to masculine norms influences mental health outcomes among young Black men. The sample included survey responses from 18- to 30-year-old Black men (N = 273) enrolled at five colleges and universities in the midwestern United States. Two theoretically relevant subscales from the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (that is, self-reliance and emotional control) were used to measure adherence to masculine norms, and depressive symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis results indicate that the model fit the data well. Furthermore, self-reliance was associated with higher rates of depressive symptoms (β = .358, p < .001), but emotional control was not (β = .137, p = .099). Study findings suggest that depression treatment interventions should be tailored to incorporate aspects of masculinity that are most salient to young Black men. In addition, social work researchers, clinicians, and service providers are uniquely positioned to contribute to the promotion of mental wellness among this underserved population and should be prepared to attend to young Black men's mental health needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle R Goodwill
- are PhD candidates in social work and psychology, and is professor of social work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Natasha C Johnson
- are PhD candidates in social work and psychology, and is professor of social work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Daphne C Watkins
- are PhD candidates in social work and psychology, and is professor of social work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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10
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Rochelle TL. "Take a Spoonful of Concrete and Harden the **** up!": How British Men in Hong Kong Talk About Health and Illness. Am J Mens Health 2019; 13:1557988319829334. [PMID: 30744486 PMCID: PMC6582375 DOI: 10.1177/1557988319829334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study draws on semistructured focus group discussions conducted with
British men living in Hong Kong to examine how men’s constructions of
masculinity influence health behavior and attitudes. Twenty-eight men aged 21–51
years were divided into groups based on age (≤35 years and ≥36 years); length of
residence ranged from 2 to 20 years. Discussions were analyzed using open-ended
thematic analysis. Following intensive analysis of the transcripts, four
subthemes were identified and analyzed in greater detail: (a) health talk; (b)
help-seeking behavior; (c) health risk; and (d) health motivations. Findings
suggest a widespread endorsement of a hegemonic view of masculinity among men in
the present study. Men expressed reluctance in seeking help for illness,
regardless of age, particularly when experiencing symptoms of ill-health that
were deemed to be “minor.” However, help seeking was embraced when it was
perceived to impact masculinity, for example, when potentially related to sexual
performance or function. While men in the present study were sometimes
dismissive of health advice provided by family, they were more open and
responsive to seeking help upon the advice of male friends. Findings are further
discussed with reference to the relationships between masculinities and health;
implications for health are discussed.
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11
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Jin W, Zhang S, Duan Y. Depression Symptoms Predict Worse Clinical Response to Etanercept Treatment in Psoriasis Patients. Dermatology 2018; 235:55-64. [PMID: 30408786 DOI: 10.1159/000492784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS This study aimed to investigate the predicting values of depression and anxiety symptoms for clinical response to etanercept treatment in psoriasis patients. METHODS A total of 85 psoriasis patients who received 6 months of etanercept treatment were consecutively enrolled in this prospective cohort study. The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score was evaluated at month 0 (M0), M1, M3, and M6, and the corresponding PASI 75/90 response at each visit was assessed. Also, anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at M0, M1, M3, and M6. RESULTS Depression symptoms were observed to correlate with female gender (p = 0.004), longer disease duration (p = 0.018), and higher PASI score (p < 0.001), and anxiety symptoms were seen to be associated with female gender (p = 0.017), larger psoriasis-affected body surface area (p = 0.049), and higher PASI score (p = 0.017) in psoriasis patients. After etanercept treatment, HADS-Depression (HADS-D) and HADS-Anxiety (HADS-A) scores were both decreased at M1, M3, and M6 (all p < 0.001) compared with M0. Most importantly, baseline depressed patients presented with a lower PASI 75 response rate at M3 (p = 0.014) and M6 (p = 0.005), and a reduced PASI 90 response rate at M6 (p = 0.045) compared with baseline non-depressed patients. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that depression symptoms at baseline were an independent predictive factor for the lower possibility of both PASI 75 response (p = 0.048) and PASI 90 response (p = 0.048) achievements at M6 in psoriasis patients. However, no correlation of baseline anxiety symptoms with PASI 75/90 responses was observed. CONCLUSION Depression symptoms at baseline independently predict a worse clinical response to etanercept treatment in psoriasis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waishu Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Shuqing Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Laishan Branch of Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Yanjuan Duan
- Department of Dermatology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China,
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12
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Creighton G, Oliffe JL, Bottorff J, Johnson J. "I should have …":A Photovoice Study With Women Who Have Lost a Man to Suicide. Am J Mens Health 2018; 12:1262-1274. [PMID: 29540102 PMCID: PMC6142137 DOI: 10.1177/1557988318760030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While the gendered nature of suicide has received increased research attention, the experiences of women who have lost a man to suicide are poorly understood. Drawing on qualitative photovoice interviews with 29 women who lost a man to suicide, we completed a narrative analysis, focused on describing the ways that women constructed and accounted for their experiences. We found that women's narratives drew upon feminine ideals of caring for men's health, which in turn gave rise to feelings of guilt over the man's suicide. The women resisted holding men responsible for the suicide and tended to blame themselves, especially when they perceived their efforts to support the man as inadequate. Even when women acknowledged their guilt as illogical, they were seemingly unable to entirely escape regret and self-blame. In order to reformulate and avoid reifying feminine ideals synonymous with selflessly caring for others regardless of the costs to their own well-being, women's postsuicide bereavement support programs should integrate a critical gender approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John L. Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joan Bottorff
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joy Johnson
- Vice President’s Office, Simon, Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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13
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McKenzie SK, Collings S, Jenkin G, River J. Masculinity, Social Connectedness, and Mental Health: Men's Diverse Patterns of Practice. Am J Mens Health 2018; 12:1247-1261. [PMID: 29708008 PMCID: PMC6142169 DOI: 10.1177/1557988318772732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Men’s mental health has remained undertheorized, particularly in terms of the gendered nature of men’s social relations. While the importance of social connections and strong supportive networks for improving mental health and well-being is well documented, we know little about men’s social support networks or how men go about seeking or mobilizing social support. An in-depth understanding of the gendered nature of men’s social connections and the ways in which the interplay between masculinity and men’s social connections can impact men’s mental health is needed. Fifteen life history interviews were undertaken with men in the community. A theoretical framework of gender relations was used to analyze the men’s interviews. The findings provide rich insights into men’s diverse patterns of practice in regards to seeking or mobilizing social support. While some men differentiated between their social connections with men and women, others experienced difficulties in mobilizing support from existing connections. Some men maintained a desire to be independent, rejecting the need for social support, whereas others established support networks from which they could actively seek support. Overall, the findings suggest that patterns of social connectedness among men are diverse, challenging the social science literature that frames all men’s social relationships as being largely instrumental, and men as less able and less interested than women in building emotional and supportive relationships with others. The implications of these findings for promoting men’s social connectedness and mental health are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jo River
- 2 University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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14
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Oute J, Tondora J, Glasdam S. ‘Men just drink more than women. Women have friends to talk to’-Gendered understandings of depression among healthcare professionals and their implications. Nurs Inq 2018; 25:e12241. [DOI: 10.1111/nin.12241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe Oute
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences; School of Business and Social Sciences; Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research; Aarhus University Denmark
| | - Janis Tondora
- Yale Program For Recovery and Community Health; Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; New Haven CT USA
| | - Stinne Glasdam
- Faculty of Medicine; Division of Nursing; Lund University Sweden
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15
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Priestley J, McPherson S, Davies F. Couples' Disease: The Experience of Living with a Partner with Chronic Depression. JOURNAL OF COUPLE & RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15332691.2017.1372833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jemma Priestley
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Susan McPherson
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Fran Davies
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
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16
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Kotliar DM. Depression Narratives in Blogs: A Collaborative Quest for Coherence. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2016; 26:1203-1215. [PMID: 26531881 DOI: 10.1177/1049732315612715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
People with depression often suffer from severe social seclusion, and the lack of an agreed upon etiology for depression makes it difficult to satisfactorily narrate and "ritually control" it. Focusing on blogs by women with major depression, I delineate the ways in which bloggers publicly express and collaboratively reconstruct their depression narratives. Specifically, using thematic analysis, I argue that depression blogs uniquely bridge between the seclusion that characterizes depression and the exposure offered in blogs, and thus offer people a rare opportunity to publicly share very intimate depression narratives, form communal bonds with their readers, and collaboratively revise their narratives. Depression blogs are also shown to function as "narrative sandboxes"-protected spaces in which bloggers can temporarily and experimentally add or remove different sections from their illness narratives, assess the compatibility of different cultural frameworks, and interchangeably use various metaphors, in an attempt to satisfactorily explain depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan M Kotliar
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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17
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Oliffe JL, Hannan-Leith MN, Ogrodniczuk JS, Black N, Mackenzie CS, Lohan M, Creighton G. Men's depression and suicide literacy: a nationally representative Canadian survey. J Ment Health 2016; 25:520-526. [PMID: 27128307 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2016.1177770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male suicide prevention strategies include diagnosis and effective management of men's depression. Fundamental to suicide prevention efforts is public awareness, which in turn, is influenced by literacy levels about men's depression and suicide. AIM The aim of this study is to examine sex differences in mental health literacy with respect to men's depression and suicide among a cohort of Canadian respondents. METHODS About 901 English-speaking Canadian men and women completed online survey questionnaires to evaluate mental health literacy levels using 10-item D-Lit and 8-item LOSS questionnaires, which assess factual knowledge concerning men's depression and suicide. Statistical tests (Chi-square, z-test) were used to identify significant differences between sex sub-groups at 95% confidence. RESULTS Overall, respondents correctly identified 67% of questions measuring literacy levels about male depression. Respondents' male suicide literacy was significantly poorer at 53.7%. Misperceptions were especially evident in terms of differentiating men's depressive symptoms from other mental illnesses, estimating prevalence and identifying factors linked to male suicide. Significant sex differences highlighted that females had higher literacy levels than men in regard to male depression. CONCLUSIONS Implementing gender sensitive and specific programs to target and advance literacy levels about men's depression may be key to ultimately reducing depression and suicide among men in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Oliffe
- a School of Nursing, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Madeline N Hannan-Leith
- b Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology , and Special Education, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - John S Ogrodniczuk
- c Department of Psychiatry , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Nick Black
- d Intensions Consulting , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Corey S Mackenzie
- e Department of Psychology , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , MB , Canada
| | - Maria Lohan
- f School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University , Belfast , Ireland , and
| | - Genevieve Creighton
- g Department of Pediatrics , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
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18
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Priestley J, McPherson S. Experiences of adults providing care to a partner or relative with depression: A meta-ethnographic synthesis. J Affect Disord 2016; 192:41-9. [PMID: 26706831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND International interest in the informal carer role has grown in part because of the relationship between caring and caregiver burden. It has been suggested that living with someone with depression is comparable to that of other serious mental health problems, such as schizophrenia or dementia. METHODS This meta-ethnography included 15 studies exploring experiences of living with a relative or partner with depression. Studies were heterogeneous regarding types of relationship with the depressed individual. RESULTS The synthesis revealed a cyclical, psychosocial process that family caregivers undergo whilst providing care to a person with depression. The process consists of four phases: making sense of depression; changes in family dynamics; overcoming challenges; and moving forward. The findings illustrate that care giving is not a static process and that the needs of the depressed person are constantly changing. LIMITATIONS Some of the studies presented in the review represent caregivers recruited via support groups and so the person cared for may not have had professional diagnoses of depression. CONCLUSIONS This synthesis indicated the need for professional support to be available to caregivers for their own mental health needs. The model put forward suggests that different types of support may be useful for caregivers at different stages of the process including couples or systemic therapy at the initial stages of management, addressing stigma to help those overcoming challenges of caring for their partner or relative and self-compassionate approaches for caregivers who may need support to look after themselves, avoid feelings of guilt and move forward towards acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemma Priestley
- School of Health and Human Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
| | - Susan McPherson
- School of Health and Human Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
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19
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Prolonged Distress of Parents After Early Preterm Birth. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2016; 45:196-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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20
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Martin S. ‘How can you be strong all the time?’ Discourses of stoicism in the first counselling session of young male clients. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Martin
- MA University of Leicester; Leicester UK
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21
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Thomeer MB, Reczek C, Umberson D. Relationship dynamics around depression in gay and lesbian couples. Soc Sci Med 2015; 147:38-46. [PMID: 26523788 PMCID: PMC4689633 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Research on intimate relationship dynamics around depression has primarily focused on heterosexual couples. This body of work shows that wives are more likely than husbands to offer support to a depressed spouse. Moreover, when wives are depressed, they are more likely than husbands to try and shield their spouse from the stress of their own depression. Yet, previous research has not examined depression and relationship dynamics in gay and lesbian couples. We analyze in-depth interviews with 26 gay and lesbian couples (N = 52 individuals) in which one or both partners reported depression. We find evidence that dominant gender scripts are both upheld and challenged within gay and lesbian couples, providing important insight into how gender operates in relation to depression within same-sex contexts. Our results indicate that most gay and lesbian partners offer support to a depressed partner, yet lesbian couples tend to follow a unique pattern in that they provide support both as the non-depressed and depressed partner. Support around depression is sometimes viewed as improving the relationship, but if the support is intensive or rejected, it is often viewed as contributing to relationship strain. Support is also sometimes withdrawn by the non-depressed partner because of caregiver exhaustion or the perception that the support is unhelpful. This study points to the importance of considering depression within gay and lesbian relational contexts, revealing new ways support sustains and strains intimate partnerships. We emphasize the usefulness of deploying couple-level approaches to better understand depression in sexual minority populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Corinne Reczek
- Department of Sociology, The Ohio State University, USA; Department of Women's, Gender, and Sexuality Studies, The Ohio State University, USA
| | - Debra Umberson
- Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, USA; Department of Sociology, The University of Texas at Austin, USA
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22
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Lewis LF. Balancing Competing Needs: A Meta-Ethnography of Being a Partner to an Individual With a Mood Disorder. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2015; 21:417-27. [PMID: 26711905 DOI: 10.1177/1078390315620611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 20% of individuals experience a mood disorder in their lifetime. Qualitative studies have explored the experience of being a partner to an individual with a mood disorder, but these studies remain isolated pieces of a larger puzzle. AIMS In this metasynthesis, I aimed to integrate current qualitative research to describe the experience of being a partner to an individual with a mood disorder. METHOD A systematic search was conducted to identify qualitative research. Noblit and Hare's meta-ethnography was used to translate key metaphors from individual studies into a single set of metaphors to describe the experience. RESULTS Results indicated that these partners are disenfranchised caregivers balancing their own needs with partners' perceived and reported needs to strive for a stasis of guarded stability. CONCLUSIONS Future research must explore ways to support these partners and include them in the health care team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Foran Lewis
- Laura Foran Lewis, RN, PhD, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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23
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Donovan KA, Walker LM, Wassersug RJ, Thompson LMA, Robinson JW. Psychological effects of androgen-deprivation therapy on men with prostate cancer and their partners. Cancer 2015; 121:4286-99. [PMID: 26372364 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The clinical benefits of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) for men with prostate cancer (PC) have been well documented and include living free from the symptoms of metastases for longer periods and improved quality of life. However, ADT comes with a host of its own serious side effects. There is considerable evidence of the adverse cardiovascular, metabolic, and musculoskeletal effects of ADT. Far less has been written about the psychological effects of ADT. This review highlights several adverse psychological effects of ADT. The authors provide evidence for the effect of ADT on men's sexual function, their partner, and their sexual relationship. Evidence of increased emotional lability and depressed mood in men who receive ADT is also presented, and the risk of depression in the patient's partner is discussed. The evidence for adverse cognitive effects with ADT is still emerging but suggests that ADT is associated with impairment in multiple cognitive domains. Finally, the available literature is reviewed on interventions to mitigate the psychological effects of ADT. Across the array of adverse effects, physical exercise appears to have the greatest potential to address the psychological effects of ADT both in men who are receiving ADT and in their partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine A Donovan
- Supportive Care Medicine Department, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Lauren M Walker
- Department of Psychosocial Resources and Rehabilitation Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Richard J Wassersug
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Australian Research Center in Sex, Health, and Society, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lora M A Thompson
- Supportive Care Medicine Department, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - John W Robinson
- Department of Psychosocial Resources and Rehabilitation Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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24
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Kalmar L, Oliffe JL, Currie LM, Jackson S, Gue D. Men, Masculinities, and Hemophilia. Am J Mens Health 2015; 10:NP22-NP32. [PMID: 26229052 DOI: 10.1177/1557988315596362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemophilia is a congenital bleeding disorder that predominantly affects men. Home intravenous replacement of missing clotting factor is the most effective treatment; however, the uptake of preventative treatment (also known as prophylaxis) varies among men with hemophilia. The purpose of the current qualitative study was to describe the connections between masculinities and men's (n = 11) experiences of hemophilia across varying age groups. The inductively derived findings revealed bleed-related joint pain as the primary prompt for men to treat or seek medical help. Many men reported experiencing a high number of bleed-related injuries in adolescence, particularly in high school, oftentimes as a result of engaging in idealized masculine physical activities. Though the limitations imposed by hemophilia were contested by most men early on in their lives, as men grow older more conservative approaches were employed both in terms of treatment and activity to reduce the potential for residual bleed-related disabilities. Overall, the results indicate that men with hemophilia may benefit from peer and professional education about recognition, prevention, and optimal treatment of bleeds. Furthermore, masculine ideals act as important context in which men navigate hemophilia management practices and may facilitate contesting or conceding behaviors. Masculine ideals of strength and control may be garnered to facilitate optimal hemophilia management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Kalmar
- Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John L Oliffe
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Leanne M Currie
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Deborah Gue
- St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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25
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Lohan M, Aventin Á, Oliffe JL, Han CS, Bottorff JL. Knowledge translation in men's health research: development and delivery of content for use online. J Med Internet Res 2015; 17:e31. [PMID: 25642787 PMCID: PMC4327186 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.3881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Men can be hard to reach with face-to-face health-related information, while increasingly, research shows that they are seeking health information from online sources. Recognizing this trend, there is merit in developing innovative online knowledge translation (KT) strategies capable of translating research on men’s health into engaging health promotion materials. While the concept of KT has become a new mantra for researchers wishing to bridge the gap between research evidence and improved health outcomes, little is written about the process, necessary skills, and best practices by which researchers can develop online knowledge translation. Objective Our aim was to illustrate some of the processes and challenges involved in, and potential value of, developing research knowledge online to promote men’s health. Methods We present experiences of KT across two case studies of men’s health. First, we describe a study that uses interactive Web apps to translate knowledge relating to Canadian men’s depression. Through a range of mechanisms, study findings were repackaged with the explicit aim of raising awareness and reducing the stigma associated with men’s depression and/or help-seeking. Second, we describe an educational resource for teenage men about unintended pregnancy, developed for delivery in the formal Relationship and Sexuality Education school curricula of Ireland, Northern Ireland (United Kingdom), and South Australia. The intervention is based around a Web-based interactive film drama entitled “If I Were Jack”. Results For each case study, we describe the KT process and strategies that aided development of credible and well-received online content focused on men’s health promotion. In both case studies, the original research generated the inspiration for the interactive online content and the core development strategy was working with a multidisciplinary team to develop this material through arts-based approaches. In both cases also, there is an acknowledgment of the need for gender and culturally sensitive information. Both aimed to engage men by disrupting stereotypes about men, while simultaneously addressing men through authentic voices and faces. Finally, in both case studies we draw attention to the need to think beyond placement of content online to delivery to target audiences from the outset. Conclusions The case studies highlight some of the new skills required by academics in the emerging paradigm of translational research and contribute to the nascent literature on KT. Our approach to online KT was to go beyond dissemination and diffusion to actively repackage research knowledge through arts-based approaches (videos and film scripts) as health promotion tools, with optimal appeal, to target male audiences. Our findings highlight the importance of developing a multidisciplinary team to inform the design of content, the importance of adaptation to context, both in terms of the national implementation context and consideration of gender-specific needs, and an integrated implementation and evaluation framework in all KT work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lohan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
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26
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Oliffe JL, Mróz LW, Bottorff JL, Braybrook DE, Ward A, Goldenberg SL, Goldenberg LS. Heterosexual couples and prostate cancer support groups: a gender relations analysis. Support Care Cancer 2014; 23:1127-33. [PMID: 25527241 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-014-2562-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Men diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa) can receive supportive care from an array of sources including female partners and prostate cancer support groups (PCSGs). However, little is known about how heterosexual gender relations and supportive care play out among couples who attend PCSGs. Distilling such gender relation patterns is a key to understanding and advancing supportive care for men who experience PCa and their families. PURPOSE This study describes connections between heterosexual gender relations and PCa supportive care among couples who attend PCSGs. METHOD In-depth, individual interviews with 30 participants (15 men treated for PCa and their female partners) were analyzed using interpretive descriptive methods. Couples were asked about their relationships, supportive care needs, and attendance at PCSGs. A heterosexual gender relations framework was used to theorize the findings. RESULTS Findings showed that traditional heterosexual gender relations guided most couples' PCa-related support both in and out of PCSGs. Three themes were inductively derived: "Not pushing too hard"-balancing women's support with men's autonomy, "Confreres"-men supporting men at PCSGs, and "Women are better at reassuring"-support from and for women. CONCLUSIONS Couples both aligned to and resisted traditional gender roles to accommodate, explain, and rationalize how, as a couple, they approached PCa supportive care needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B3, Canada,
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27
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Wenger LM, Oliffe JL, Bottorff JL. Psychosocial Oncology Supports for Men: A Scoping Review and Recommendations. Am J Mens Health 2014; 10:39-58. [PMID: 25389212 DOI: 10.1177/1557988314555361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although men's cancer experiences have received limited attention within the field of psychosocial oncology, increasing attention is being devoted to the development and evaluation of men-centered programs. This scoping review describes this emergent body of literature, detailing the focus, participation, and impact of interventions designed to help men with cancer build illness-specific knowledge, adapt to illness, manage side effects, distress, and uncertainty, sustain relationships, and more. Striving to build on existing knowledge, research gaps and opportunities are discussed, including a need for stronger methodologies, more tailored and targeted supports, attention to the experiences of men with nonprostate cancers, and the explicit integration of gender analyses in the research process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Wenger
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John L Oliffe
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joan L Bottorff
- University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia; Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
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28
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Oliffe JL, Rasmussen B, Bottorff JL, Kelly MT, Galdas PM, Phinney A, Ogrodniczuk JS. Masculinities, work, and retirement among older men who experience depression. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2013; 23:1626-37. [PMID: 24177678 DOI: 10.1177/1049732313509408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The high incidence of depression among older men has been linked to numerous factors. In this qualitative descriptive study of 30 older, Canadian-based men who experienced depression, we explored the connections between participants' depression, masculinities, work, and retirement. Our analyses revealed three thematic findings. The recursive relationship between depression and work was reflected in depression impeding and emerging from paid work, whereby men's careers and work achievements were negatively impacted by depression amid assertions that unfulfilling work could also invoke depression. Lost or unrealized empires highlighted the centrality of wealth accumulation and negative impact of many participants' unfulfilled paid work aspirations. Retirement as loss and the therapeutic value of work reflected how masculine ideals influenced men to continue working to avoid the losses they associated with retirement. The findings confirm the need to support men's work-related transitions by affirming a diversity of masculine identities beyond traditional workman/breadwinner roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Oliffe
- 1University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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29
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Watkins DC, Abelson JM, Jefferson SO. "Their depression is something different . . . it would have to be": findings from a qualitative study of black women's perceptions of depression in black men. Am J Mens Health 2013; 7:45S-57S. [PMID: 23784520 DOI: 10.1177/1557988313493697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports findings from the Black Women's Perceptions of Black Men's Depression (BWP) study, which included eight focus groups with Black women (N = 46) from southeastern Michigan. Four themes illustrated the impressions of Black women from different socioeconomic backgrounds: Black men's depression is a cultured and gendered phenomenon, the role of Black women in Black men's depression, intergenerational differences with how depression is handled by Black men, and the need (and ways) to reach Black men with depression resources. Results underscore not only the importance of understanding the kind of depression in Black men that meets criteria described by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) but also the psychological distress that may coexist with (or be separate from) DSM depression. Implications for interventions that educate, diagnose, and treat depression in Black men are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne C Watkins
- The University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1106, USA.
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30
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Oliffe JL, Han CSE. Beyond workers' compensation: men's mental health in and out of work. Am J Mens Health 2013; 8:45-53. [PMID: 23727792 DOI: 10.1177/1557988313490786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mental health of men is an important issue with significant direct and indirect costs emerging from work-related depression and suicide. Although the merits of men's community-based and workplace mental health promotion initiatives have been endorsed, few programs are mandated or formally evaluated and reported on. Conspicuously absent also are gender analyses detailing connections between masculinities and men's work-related depression and suicide on which to build men-centered mental health promotion programs. This article provides an overview of four interconnected issues, (a) masculinities and men's health, (b) men and work, (c) men's work-related depression and suicide, and (d) men's mental health promotion, in the context of men's diverse relationships to work (including job insecurity and unemployment). Based on the review, recommendations are made for advancing the well-being of men who are in as well as of those out of work.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Oliffe
- 1University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Stewart M, Kushner KE, Gray J, Hart DA. Promoting gender equity through health research: impacts and insights from a Canadian initiative. Glob Health Promot 2013; 20:25-38. [DOI: 10.1177/1757975913476903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) recently identified major knowledge gaps regarding gender and sex as determinants of health. Canada recognized the importance of mobilizing research, and informing programs and policies focused on promoting the health of males and females across their lifespans by creating a national research institute that is focused on the study of gender, sex and health. No other country has created a national research institute dedicated to gender and health. Other countries may benefit from the strategies used by this Canadian research institute to create and sustain success, including: (i) mechanisms for defining national research priorities; (ii) tools to optimize research excellence; (iii) vehicles to build research capacity and develop a research community; (iv) processes to convert new knowledge into practice, programs and policies; (v) creation of partnerships at both the national and international levels and (vi) solutions to challenges and obstacles. The development of a vibrant research community and powerful national and international collaborations promotes gender and health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Stewart
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Level 3, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kaysi Eastlick Kushner
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Level 3, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Institute of Gender and Health, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean Gray
- Institute of Gender and Health, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - David A Hart
- Institute of Gender and Health, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Bottorff JL, Oliffe JL, Kelly MT, Johnson JL, Carey J. Surviving men’s depression: Women partners’ perspectives. Health (London) 2013; 18:60-78. [DOI: 10.1177/1363459313476965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
While men’s gendered experiences of depression have been described, the perspectives of women partners who are affected by men’s depression have received little attention. Women partners were recruited to explore how men’s depression impacts them and its influence on gender regimes. Individual interviews with 29 women spouses were coded and analysed. Although idealized femininity positions women as endlessly patient and caring, our findings reveal significant challenges in attempting to fulfil these gender ideals in the context of living with a male partner who is experiencing depression. The strain and drain of living with a depressed man was a key element of women’s experiences. Four sub-themes were identified: (1) resisting the emotional caregiver role, (2) shouldering family responsibilities, (3) connecting men to professional care and (4) preserving the feminine self. The findings suggest that men’s depression has great potential to dislocate heterosexual gender regimes, and attention to gender relations should be included to ensure successful care management of men who experience depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mary T Kelly
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Oliffe JL, Chabot C, Knight R, Davis W, Bungay V, Shoveller JA. Women on men's sexual health and sexually transmitted infection testing: a gender relations analysis. SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH & ILLNESS 2013; 35:1-16. [PMID: 22497206 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9566.2012.01470.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Sexual health and sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing is typically portrayed as a women's issue amid men's estrangement from healthcare services. While the underreporting of men's STIs has been linked to masculinities, little is known about how women interpret and respond to heterosexual men's sexual health practices. The findings drawn from this qualitative study of 34 young women reveal how femininities can be complicit in sustaining, as well as being critical of and disrupting masculine discourses that affirm sexual pleasure and resistance to health help-seeking as men's patriarchal privileges. Our analysis revealed three patterns: looking after the man's libido refers to women's emphasised femininity whereby the man's preference for unprotected sex and reticence to be tested for STIs was accommodated. Negotiating the stronger sex refers to ambivalent femininities, in which participants strategically resist, cooperate and comply with men's sexual health practices. Rejecting the patriarchal double standard that celebrates men as 'studs' and subordinates women as 'sluts' for embodying similar sexual practices reflects protest femininities. Overall, the findings reveal that conventional heterosexual gender relations, in which hegemonic masculinity is accommodated by women who align to emphasised femininity, continues to direct many participants' expectations around men's sexual health and STI testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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Bottorff JL, Oliffe JL, Robinson CA, Carey J. Gender relations and health research: a review of current practices. Int J Equity Health 2011; 10:60. [PMID: 22151578 PMCID: PMC3293073 DOI: 10.1186/1475-9276-10-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The importance of gender in understanding health practices and illness experiences is increasingly recognized, and key to this work is a better understanding of the application of gender relations. The influence of masculinities and femininities, and the interplay within and between them manifests within relations and interactions among couples, family members and peers to influence health behaviours and outcomes. Methods To explore how conceptualizations of gender relations have been integrated in health research a scoping review of the existing literature was conducted. The key terms gender relations, gender interactions, relations gender, partner communication, femininities and masculinities were used to search online databases. Results Through analysis of this literature we identified two main ways gender relations were integrated in health research: a) as emergent findings; and b) as a basis for research design. In the latter, gender relations are included in conceptual frameworks, guide data collection and are used to direct data analysis. Conclusions Current uses of gender relations are typically positioned within intimate heterosexual couples whereby single narratives (i.e., either men or women) are used to explore the influence and/or impact of intimate partner gender relations on health and illness issues. Recommendations for advancing gender relations and health research are discussed. This research has the potential to reduce gender inequities in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan L Bottorff
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia's Okanagan Campus, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
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