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Bellina E, Laurino ME, Perego A, Pezzinga A, Carpenedo L, Ninarello D, La Barbera L. Assessment of a fully-parametric thoraco-lumbar spine model generator with articulated ribcage. J Biomech 2024; 164:111951. [PMID: 38310005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.111951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The present paper describes a novel user-friendly fully-parametric thoraco-lumbar spine CAD model generator including the ribcage, based on 22 independent parameters (1 posterior vertebral body height per vertebra + 4 sagittal alignment parameters, namely pelvic incidence, sacral slope, L1-L5 lumbar lordosis, and T1-T12 thoracic kyphosis). Reliable third-order polynomial regression equations were implemented in Solidworks to analytically calculate 56 morphological dependent parameters and to automatically generate the spine CAD model based on primitive geometrical features. A standard spine CAD model, representing the case-study of an average healthy adult, was then created and positively assessed in terms of spinal anatomy, ribcage morphology, and sagittal profile. The immediate translation from CAD to FEM for relevant biomechanical analyses was successfully demonstrated, first, importing the CAD model into Abaqus, and then, iteratively calibrating the constitutive parameters of one lumbar and three thoracic FSUs, with particular interest on the hyperelastic material properties of the IVD, and the spinal and costo-vertebral ligaments. The credibility of the resulting lumbo-sacral and thoracic spine FEM with/without ribcage were assessed and validated throughout comparison with extensive in vitro and in vivo data both in terms of kinematics (range of motion) and dynamics (intradiscal pressure) either collected under pure bending moments and complex loading conditions (bending moments + axial compressive force).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Bellina
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Elvira Laurino
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Perego
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Pezzinga
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Linda Carpenedo
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Ninarello
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi La Barbera
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio Hospital, Milan, Italy.
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Xu C, Xi Z, Fang Z, Zhang X, Wang N, Li J, Liu Y. Annulus Calibration Increases the Computational Accuracy of the Lumbar Finite Element Model. Global Spine J 2023; 13:2310-2318. [PMID: 35293827 PMCID: PMC10538312 DOI: 10.1177/21925682221081224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Mechanical simulations. OBJECTIVE Inadequate calibration of annuli negatively affects the computational accuracy of finite element (FE) models. Specifically, the definition of annulus average radius (AR) does not have uniformity standards. Differences between the elastic moduli in the different layers and parts of the annulus were not fully calibrated when a linear elastic material is used to define its material properties. This study aims to optimize the computational accuracy of the FE model by calibrating the annulus. METHODS We calibrated the annulus AR and elastic modulus in our anterior-constructed lumbar model by eliminating the difference between the computed range of motion and that measured by in vitro studies under a flexion-extension loading condition. Multi-indicator validation was performed by comparing the computed indicators with those measured in in vitro studies. The computation time required for the different models has also been recorded to evaluate the computational efficiency. RESULTS The difference between computed and measured ROMs was less than 1% when the annulus AR and elastic modulus were calibrated. In the model validation process, all the indicators computed by the calibrated FE model were within ±1 standard deviation of the average values obtained from in vitro studies. The maximum difference between the computed and measured values was less than 10% under nearly all loading conditions. There is no apparent variation tendency for the computational time associated with different models. CONCLUSION The FE model with calibrated annulus AR and regional elastic modulus has higher computational accuracy and can be used in subsequent mechanical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhipeng Xi
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongxin Fang
- Fluid and Power Machinery Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingchi Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Sun Z, Sun Y, Lu T, Li J, Mi C. A swelling-based biphasic analysis on the quasi-static biomechanical behaviors of healthy and degenerative intervertebral discs. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 235:107513. [PMID: 37030175 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The degeneration of intervertebral discs is significantly dependent of the changes in tissue composition ratio and tissue structure. Up to the present, the effects of degeneration on the quasi-static biomechanical responses of discs have not been well understood. The goal of this study is to quantitatively analyze the quasi-static responses of healthy and degenerative discs. METHODS Four biphasic swelling-based finite element models are developed and quantitatively validated. Four quasi-static test protocols, including the free-swelling, slow-ramp, creep and stress-relaxation, are implemented. The double Voigt and double Maxwell models are further used to extract the immediate (or residual), short-term and long-term responses of these tests. RESULTS Simulation results show that both the swelling-induced pressure in the nucleus pulposus and the initial modulus decrease with degeneration. In the free-swelling test of discs possessing healthy cartilage endplates, simulation results show that over 80% of the total strain is contributed by the short-term response. The long-term response is dominant for discs with degenerated permeability in cartilage endplates. For the creep test, over 50% of the deformation is contributed by the long-term response. In the stress-relaxation test, the long-term stress contribution occupies approximately 31% of total response and is independent of degeneration. Both the residual and short-term responses vary monotonically with degeneration. In addition, both the glycosaminoglycan content and permeability affect the engineering equilibrium time constants of the rheologic models, in which the determining factor is the permeability. CONCLUSIONS The content of glycosaminoglycan in intervertebral soft tissues and the permeability of cartilage endplates are two critical factors that affect the fluid-dependent viscoelastic responses of intervertebral discs. The component proportions of the fluid-dependent viscoelastic responses depend also strongly on test protocols. In the slow-ramp test, the glycosaminoglycan content is responsible for the changes of the initial modulus. Since existing computational models simulate disc degenerations only by altering disc height, boundary conditions and material stiffness, the current work highlights the significance of biochemical composition and cartilage endplates permeability in the biomechanical behaviors of degenerated discs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Street, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yueli Sun
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Teng Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 30 Huangcheng West Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jialiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 30 Huangcheng West Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Changwen Mi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Street, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, China.
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Nie MD, Huang ZB, Zhang NZ, Fu LJ, Cheng CK. Biomechanical evaluation of a novel intervertebral disc repair technique for large box-shaped ruptures. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1104015. [PMID: 36845190 PMCID: PMC9945520 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1104015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the feasibility of repairing a ruptured intervertebral disc using a patch secured to the inner surface of the annulus fibrosus (AF). Different material properties and geometries for the patch were evaluated. Methods: Using finite element analysis, this study created a large box-shaped rupture in the posterior-lateral region of the AF and then repaired it with a circular and square inner patch. The elastic modulus of the patches ranged from 1 to 50 MPa to determine the effect on the nucleus pulposus (NP) pressure, vertical displacement, disc bulge, AF stress, segmental range of motion (ROM), patch stress, and suture stress. The results were compared against the intact spine to determine the most suitable shape and properties for the repair patch. Results: The intervertebral height and ROM of the repaired lumbar spine was similar to the intact spine and was independent of the patch material properties and geometry. The patches with a modulus of 2-3 MPa resulted in an NP pressure and AF stresses closest to the healthy disc, and produced minimal contact pressure on the cleft surfaces and minimal stress on the suture and patch of all models. Circular patches caused lower NP pressure, AF stress and patch stress than the square patch, but also caused greater stress on the suture. Conclusion: A circular patch with an elastic modulus of 2-3 MPa secured to the inner region of the ruptured annulus fibrosus was able to immediately close the rupture and maintain an NP pressure and AF stress similar to the intact intervertebral disc. This patch had the lowest risk of complications and produced the greatest restorative effect of all patches simulated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Dan Nie
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Digital Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze-Bin Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning-Ze Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Jie Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Ling-Jie Fu, ; Cheng-Kung Cheng,
| | - Cheng-Kung Cheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Digital Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Ling-Jie Fu, ; Cheng-Kung Cheng,
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Tai CL, Chen WP, Liu MY, Li YD, Tsai TT, Lai PL, Hsieh MK. Biomechanical comparison of pedicle screw fixation strength among three different screw trajectories using single vertebrae and one-level functional spinal unit. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1054738. [PMID: 36568298 PMCID: PMC9780459 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1054738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Three key factors are responsible for the biomechanical performance of pedicle screw fixation: screw mechanical characteristics, bone quality and insertion techniques. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no study has directly compared the biomechanical performance among three trajectories, i.e., the traditional trajectory (TT), modified trajectory (MT) and cortical bone trajectory (CBT), in a porcine model. This study compared the pullout strength and insertion torque of three trajectory methods in single vertebrae, the pullout strength and fixation stiffness including flexion, extension, and lateral bending in a one-level instrumented functional spinal unit (FSU) that mimics the in vivo configuration were clarified. A total of 18 single vertebrae and 18 FSUs were randomly assigned into three screw insertion methods (n = 6 in each trajectory group). In the TT group, the screw converged from its entry point, passed completely inside the pedicle, was parallel to the superior endplate, was located in the superior third of the vertebral body and reached to at least the anterior third of the vertebral body. In the MT group, the convergent angle was similar to that of the TT method but directed caudally to the anterior inferior margin of the vertebral body. The results of insertion torque and pullout strength in single vertebrae were analyzed; in addition, the stiffness and pullout strength in the one-level FSU were also investigated. This study demonstrated that, in single vertebrae, the insertion torque was significantly higher in CBT groups than in TT and MT groups (p < 0.05). The maximal pullout strength was significantly higher in MT groups than in TT and CBT groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in stiffness in the three motions among all groups. The maximal pullout strength in FSUs of MT and CBT groups were significantly higher than the TT groups (p < 0.05). We concluded that either MT or CBT provides better biomechanical performance than TT in single vertebrae or FSUs. The lack of significance of stiffness in FSUs among three methods suggested that MT or CBT could be a reasonable alternative to TT if the traditional trajectory was not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Lung Tai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spine Section, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Weng-Pin Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Yi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Da Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spine Section, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ting Tsai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spine Section, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Liang Lai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spine Section, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Kai Hsieh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spine Section, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Ming-Kai Hsieh,
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Knapik GG, Mendel E, Bourekas E, Marras WS. Computational lumbar spine models: A literature review. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2022; 100:105816. [PMID: 36435080 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2022.105816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Computational spine models of various types have been employed to understand spine function, assess the risk that different activities pose to the spine, and evaluate techniques to prevent injury. The areas in which these models are applied has expanded greatly, potentially beyond the appropriate scope of each, given their capabilities. A comprehensive understanding of the components of these models provides insight into their current capabilities and limitations. METHODS The objective of this review was to provide a critical assessment of the different characteristics of model elements employed across the spectrum of lumbar spine modeling and in newer combined methodologies to help better evaluate existing studies and delineate areas for future research and refinement. FINDINGS A total of 155 studies met selection criteria and were included in this review. Most current studies use either highly detailed Finite Element models or simpler Musculoskeletal models driven with in vivo data. Many models feature significant geometric or loading simplifications that limit their realism and validity. Frequently, studies only create a single model and thus can't account for the impact of subject variability. The lack of model representation for certain subject cohorts leaves significant gaps in spine knowledge. Combining features from both types of modeling could result in more accurate and predictive models. INTERPRETATION Development of integrated models combining elements from different model types in a framework that enables the evaluation of larger populations of subjects could address existing voids and enable more realistic representation of the biomechanics of the lumbar spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory G Knapik
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 210 Baker Systems, 1971 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Ehud Mendel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Eric Bourekas
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - William S Marras
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 210 Baker Systems, 1971 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Zhao G, Wang H, Wang L, Ibrahim Y, Wan Y, Sun J, Yuan S, Liu X. The Biomechanical Effects of Different Bag-Carrying Styles on Lumbar Spine and Paraspinal Muscles: A Combined Musculoskeletal and Finite Element Study. Orthop Surg 2022; 15:315-327. [PMID: 36411502 PMCID: PMC9837261 DOI: 10.1111/os.13573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bags such as handbags, shoulder bags, and backpacks are commonly used. However, it is difficult to assess the biomechanical effects of bag-carrying styles on the lumbar spine and paraspinal muscles using traditional methods. This study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical effects of bag-carrying styles on the lumbar spine. METHODS We developed a hybrid model that combined a finite element (FE) model of the lumbar spine and musculoskeletal models of three bag-carrying styles. The image data was collected from a 26-years-old, 176 cm and 70 kg volunteer. OpenSim and ABAQUS were used to do the musculoskeletal analysis and finite analysis. Paraspinal muscle force, intervertebral compressive force (ICF), and intervertebral shear force (ISF) on L1 were calculated and loaded into the FE model to assess the stress distribution on the lumbar spine. RESULTS Different paraspinal muscle activation occurred in the three bag-carrying models. The increase in the ICF generated by all three bags was greater than the bags' weights. The handbag produced greater muscle force, ICF, ISF, and peak stress on the nucleus pulposus than the backpack and shoulder bag of the same weight. Peak stress on the intervertebral discs in the backpack model and the L1-L4 segments of the shoulder bag model increased linearly with bag weight, and increased exponentially with bag weight in the handbag model. CONCLUSION Unbalanced bag-carrying styles (shoulder bags and handbags) led to greater muscle force, which generated greater ICF, ISF, and peak stress on the lumbar spine. The backpack produced the least burden on the lumbar spine and paraspinal muscles. Heavy handbags should be used carefully in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Zhao
- Present address:
Department of OrthopedicsQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina,Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Present address:
Department of OrthopedicsQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina,Collage of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data for Medical SciencesShandong First Medical UniversityJinanChina
| | - Lianlei Wang
- Present address:
Department of OrthopedicsQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Yakubu Ibrahim
- Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Yi Wan
- School of Mechanical EngineeringShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Junyuan Sun
- Present address:
Department of OrthopedicsQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina,Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Suomao Yuan
- Present address:
Department of OrthopedicsQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Present address:
Department of OrthopedicsQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
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Sun K, Jiang J, Wang Y, Sun X, Zhu J, Xu X, Sun J, Shi J. The role of nerve fibers and their neurotransmitters in regulating intervertebral disc degeneration. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 81:101733. [PMID: 36113765 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has been the major contributor to chronic lower back pain (LBP). Abnormal apoptosis, senescence, and pyroptosis of IVD cells, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and infiltration of immune cells are the major molecular alternations during IVDD. Changes at tissue level frequently occur at advanced IVD tissue. Ectopic ingrowth of nerves within inner annulus fibrosus (AF) and nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue has been considered as the primary cause for LBP. Innervation at IVD tissue mainly included sensory and sympathetic nerves, and many markers for these two types of nerves have been detected since 1940. In fact, in osteoarthritis (OA), beyond pain transmission, the direct regulation of neuropeptides on functions of chondrocytes have attracted researchers' great attention recently. Many physical and pathological similarities between joint and IVD have shed us the light on the neurogenic mechanism involved in IVDD. Here, an overview of the advances in the nervous system within IVD tissue will be performed, with a discussion on in the role of nerve fibers and their neurotransmitters in regulating IVDD. We hope this review can attract more research interest to address neuromodulation and IVDD itself, which will enhance our understanding of the contribution of neuromodulation to the structural changes within IVD tissue and inflammatory responses and will help identify novel therapeutic targets and enable the effective treatment of IVDD disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqiang Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China; Department of Orthopedics, Naval Medical Center of PLA, China
| | - Jialin Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Jingchuan Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China.
| | - Jiangang Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China.
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Volz M, Elmasry S, Jackson AR, Travascio F. Computational Modeling Intervertebral Disc Pathophysiology: A Review. Front Physiol 2022; 12:750668. [PMID: 35095548 PMCID: PMC8793742 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.750668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lower back pain is a medical condition of epidemic proportion, and the degeneration of the intervertebral disc has been identified as a major contributor. The etiology of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is multifactorial, depending on age, cell-mediated molecular degradation processes and genetics, which is accelerated by traumatic or gradual mechanical factors. The complexity of such intertwined biochemical and mechanical processes leading to degeneration makes it difficult to quantitatively identify cause–effect relationships through experiments. Computational modeling of the IVD is a powerful investigative tool since it offers the opportunity to vary, observe and isolate the effects of a wide range of phenomena involved in the degenerative process of discs. This review aims at discussing the main findings of finite element models of IVD pathophysiology with a special focus on the different factors contributing to physical changes typical of degenerative phenomena. Models presented are subdivided into those addressing role of nutritional supply, progressive biochemical alterations stemming from an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes, aging and those considering mechanical factors as the primary source that induces morphological change within the disc. Limitations of the current models, as well as opportunities for future computational modeling work are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallory Volz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Shady Elmasry
- Department of Biomechanics, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alicia R. Jackson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Francesco Travascio
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Max Biedermann Institute for Biomechanics, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Francesco Travascio,
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Glycine-Serine-Threonine Metabolic Axis Delays Intervertebral Disc Degeneration through Antioxidant Effects: An Imaging and Metabonomics Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5579736. [PMID: 34484565 PMCID: PMC8416401 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5579736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Although intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) can be described as different stages of change through biological methods, this long and complex process cannot be defined in stages by single or simple combination of biological techniques. Under the background of the development of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology and the emerging metabonomics, we based on animal models and expanded to the study of clinical human degeneration models. The characteristics of different stages of IDD were analyzed by omics. Omics imaging combined with histology, cytology, and proteomics was used for screening of the intervertebral disc (IVD) of research subjects. Furthermore, mass spectrometry nontargeted metabolomics was used to explore profile of metabolites at different stages of the IDD process, to determine differential metabolic pathways and metabolites. NMR spectroscopy was used to qualitatively and quantitatively identify markers of degeneration. NMR was combined with mass spectrometry metabolomics to explore metabolic pathways. Metabolic pathways were determined through protein molecular biology and histocytology of the different groups. Distinguishing advantages of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) for analysis of metabolites and effective reflection of structural integrity and water molecule metabolism through diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were further used to verify the macrometabolism profile during degeneration. A corresponding model of in vitro metabolomics and in vivo omics imaging was established. The findings of this study show that a series of metabolic pathways associated with the glycine-serine-threonine (Gly-Ser-Thr) metabolic axis affects carbohydrate patterns and energy utilization efficiency and ultimately delays disc degeneration through antioxidant effects.
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Li J, Xu C, Zhang X, Xi Z, Liu M, Fang Z, Wang N, Xie L, Song Y. TELD with limited foraminoplasty has potential biomechanical advantages over TELD with large annuloplasty: an in-silico study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:616. [PMID: 34246272 PMCID: PMC8272903 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Facetectomy, an important procedure in the in–out and out–in techniques of transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy (TELD), is related to the deterioration of the postoperative biomechanical environment and poor prognosis. Facetectomy may be avoided in TELD with large annuloplasty, but iatrogenic injury of the annulus and a high grade of nucleotomy have been reported as risk factors influencing poor prognosis. These risk factors may be alleviated in TELD with limited foraminoplasty, and the grade of facetectomy in this surgery can be reduced by using an endoscopic dynamic drill. Methods An intact lumbo-sacral finite element (FE) model and the corresponding model with adjacent segment degeneration were constructed and validated to evaluate the risk of biomechanical deterioration and related postoperative complications of TELD with large annuloplasty and TELD with limited foraminoplasty. Changes in various biomechanical indicators were then computed to evaluate the risk of postoperative complications in the surgical segment. Results Compared with the intact FE models, the model of TELD with limited foraminoplasty demonstrated slight biomechanical deterioration, whereas the model of TELD with large annuloplasty revealed obvious biomechanical deterioration. Degenerative changes in adjacent segments magnified, rather than altered, the overall trends of biomechanical change. Conclusions TELD with limited foraminoplasty presents potential biomechanical advantages over TELD with large annuloplasty. Iatrogenic injury of the annulus and a high grade of nucleotomy are risk factors for postoperative biomechanical deterioration and complications of the surgical segment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchi Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine for Sichuan University, 37# Wuhou Guoxue road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital Affiliated to the Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200041, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210028, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Xi
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210028, P.R. China
| | - Mengnan Liu
- Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Zhongxin Fang
- Fluid and Power Machinery Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210028, P.R. China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210028, P.R. China.
| | - Yueming Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine for Sichuan University, 37# Wuhou Guoxue road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, P.R. China.
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12
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Nikkhoo M, Lu ML, Chen WC, Fu CJ, Niu CC, Lin YH, Cheng CH. Biomechanical Investigation Between Rigid and Semirigid Posterolateral Fixation During Daily Activities: Geometrically Parametric Poroelastic Finite Element Analyses. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:646079. [PMID: 33869156 PMCID: PMC8047206 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.646079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While spinal fusion using rigid rods remains the gold standard treatment modality for various lumbar degenerative conditions, its adverse effects, including accelerated adjacent segment disease (ASD), are well known. In order to better understand the performance of semirigid constructs using polyetheretherketone (PEEK) in fixation surgeries, the objective of this study was to analyze the biomechanical performance of PEEK versus Ti rods using a geometrically patient-specific poroelastic finite element (FE) analyses. Ten subject-specific preoperative models were developed, and the validity of the models was evaluated with previous studies. Furthermore, FE models of those lumbar spines were regenerated based on postoperation images for posterolateral fixation at the L4–L5 level. Biomechanical responses for instrumented and adjacent intervertebral discs (IVDs) were analyzed and compared subjected to static and cyclic loading. The preoperative model results were well comparable with previous FE studies. The PEEK construct demonstrated a slightly increased range of motion (ROM) at the instrumented level, but decreased ROM at adjacent levels, as compared with the Ti. However, no significant changes were detected during axial rotation. During cyclic loading, disc height loss, fluid loss, axial stress, and collagen fiber strain in the adjacent IVDs were higher for the Ti construct when compared with the intact and PEEK models. Increased ROM, experienced stress in AF, and fiber strain at adjacent levels were observed for the Ti rod group compared with the intact and PEEK rod group, which can indicate the risk of ASD for rigid fixation. Similar to the aforementioned pattern, disc height loss and fluid loss were significantly higher at adjacent levels in the Ti rod group after cycling loading which alter the fluid–solid interaction of the adjacent IVDs. This phenomenon debilitates the damping quality, which results in disc disability in absorbing stress. Such finding may suggest the advantage of using a semirigid fixation system to decrease the chance of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nikkhoo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meng-Ling Lu
- Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chien Chen
- Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ju Fu
- Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Division of Emergency and Critical Care Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chien Niu
- Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Hua Lin
- School of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiu Cheng
- Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,School of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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13
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Caprara S, Carrillo F, Snedeker JG, Farshad M, Senteler M. Automated Pipeline to Generate Anatomically Accurate Patient-Specific Biomechanical Models of Healthy and Pathological FSUs. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:636953. [PMID: 33585436 PMCID: PMC7876284 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.636953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
State-of-the-art preoperative biomechanical analysis for the planning of spinal surgery not only requires the generation of three-dimensional patient-specific models but also the accurate biomechanical representation of vertebral joints. The benefits offered by computational models suitable for such purposes are still outweighed by the time and effort required for their generation, thus compromising their applicability in a clinical environment. In this work, we aim to ease the integration of computerized methods into patient-specific planning of spinal surgery. We present the first pipeline combining deep learning and finite element methods that allows a completely automated model generation of functional spine units (FSUs) of the lumbar spine for patient-specific FE simulations (FEBio). The pipeline consists of three steps: (a) multiclass segmentation of cropped 3D CT images containing lumbar vertebrae using the DenseVNet network, (b) automatic landmark-based mesh fitting of statistical shape models onto 3D semantic segmented meshes of the vertebral models, and (c) automatic generation of patient-specific FE models of lumbar segments for the simulation of flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation movements. The automatic segmentation of FSUs was evaluated against the gold standard (manual segmentation) using 10-fold cross-validation. The obtained Dice coefficient was 93.7% on average, with a mean surface distance of 0.88 mm and a mean Hausdorff distance of 11.16 mm (N = 150). Automatic generation of finite element models to simulate the range of motion (ROM) was successfully performed for five healthy and five pathological FSUs. The results of the simulations were evaluated against the literature and showed comparable ROMs in both healthy and pathological cases, including the alteration of ROM typically observed in severely degenerated FSUs. The major intent of this work is to automate the creation of anatomically accurate patient-specific models by a single pipeline allowing functional modeling of spinal motion in healthy and pathological FSUs. Our approach reduces manual efforts to a minimum and the execution of the entire pipeline including simulations takes approximately 2 h. The automation, time-efficiency and robustness level of the pipeline represents a first step toward its clinical integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Caprara
- Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomechanics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Carrillo
- Institute for Biomechanics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
- Research in Orthopedic Computer Science, University Hospital Balgrist, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jess G. Snedeker
- Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomechanics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mazda Farshad
- Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Senteler
- Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomechanics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Biomechanical modelling of the facet joints: a review of methods and validation processes in finite element analysis. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2020; 20:389-401. [PMID: 33221991 PMCID: PMC7979651 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-020-01403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is an increased interest in studying the biomechanics of the facet joints. For in silico studies, it is therefore important to understand the level of reliability of models for outputs of interest related to the facet joints. In this work, a systematic review of finite element models of multi-level spinal section with facet joints output of interest was performed. The review focused on the methodology used to model the facet joints and its associated validation. From the 110 papers analysed, 18 presented some validation of the facet joints outputs. Validation was done by comparing outputs to literature data, either computational or experimental values; with the major drawback that, when comparing to computational values, the baseline data was rarely validated. Analysis of the modelling methodology showed that there seems to be a compromise made between accuracy of the geometry and nonlinearity of the cartilage behaviour in compression. Most models either used a soft contact representation of the cartilage layer at the joint or included a cartilage layer which was linear elastic. Most concerning, soft contact models usually did not contain much information on the pressure-overclosure law. This review shows that to increase the reliability of in silico model of the spine for facet joints outputs, more needs to be done regarding the description of the methods used to model the facet joints, and the validation for specific outputs of interest needs to be more thorough, with recommendation to systematically share input and output data of validation studies.
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15
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The biomechanical effects of graded upper articular process arthroplasty on lumbar spine: A finite element study. J Orthop Sci 2020; 25:793-799. [PMID: 31759836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Superior articular process arthroplasty is important for intervertebral foramen microscopy but may lead to spinal instability. Currently, there has been no relevant study in relation to the biomechanical analysis of superior articular process arthroplasty. Hence, this study is intended to verify biomechanical effects after unilateral S1 superior articular process arthroplasty. METHODS Eight finite element (FE) models of lumbosacral vertebrae (L4-S) were constructed, and the superior articular process formation was simulated with the help of Geomagic studio. Then, the models were imported into Nastran software after optimization. Normal load and appropriate torque were applied to simulate forward flexion, back extension, lateral flexion and lateral rotation. In the end, changes of lumbar range of motion (ROM) and structural stress were compared with those of normal model. RESULTS Compared with the normal model, formed from ventral to dorsal (Longitudinal), the larger motion of lumbar spine and the greater larger stress of articular process showed statistical significance (P < 0.05) in most of directions when the forming range was greater than 3/5. Formed from the apex to the base (transverse), the larger motion of lumbar spine and the greater stress of articular process showed statistical significance (P < 0.05) in most of directions when the forming range was great than 1/5. CONCLUSION When conducting unilateral S1 articular process arthroplasty from ventral to dorsal, the forming range is recommended to be less than 3/5 of the superior articular process. Notably, it is not advisable to form from the apex to the base.
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Hu S, Chen L, Al Mamun A, Ni L, Gao W, Lin Y, Jin H, Zhang X, Wang X. The therapeutic effect of TBK1 in intervertebral disc degeneration via coordinating selective autophagy and autophagic functions. J Adv Res 2020; 30:1-13. [PMID: 34026282 PMCID: PMC8132185 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction While its innate immune function has been known, recent works of literature have focused on the role of Tank binding kinase 1 (TBK1) in regulating autophagy and it is unknown whether TBK1 protects against intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) through affecting autophagy. Objectives Here, we aim to explore whether TBK1 is implicated in the pathogenesis of IVDD, and investigated the potential mechanism. Methods Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the TBK1 expression in human and rat NP tissue. After TBK1 overexpression in NP cells with lentivirus transfection, autophagic flux, apoptosis and senescence percentage were assessed. Si-RNA , a utophagy inhibitors and protein phosphatase inhibitors were applied to study the mechanism of autophagy regulation. In vivo study, we further evaluated the therapeutic action of lentivirus-TBK1(Lv-TBK1)injection in a rodent IVDD model. Results The TBK1 level was reduced in rat and human NP tissue. TBK1 overexpression protected against apoptosis and premature senescence. These functions of TBK1 were abolished by chloroquine-medicated autophagy inhibition.P-TBK1, an activation form of TBK, is involved in selective autophagy through directly phosphorylating P62 at Ser 403, and the activation of TBK1 is also dependent on Parkin manner. TBK1 also activated NPCs autophagy to relieve puncture injury in vivo. Conclusion We demonstrated that TBK1 overexpression attenuated senescence and apoptosis and promoted NPCs survival via upregulating autophagy. TBK1 represents a promising avenue for IVDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunli Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, West Xueyuan Road 109#, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, West Xueyuan Road 109#, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Libin Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, West Xueyuan Road 109#, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weiyang Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, West Xueyuan Road 109#, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, West Xueyuan Road 109#, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haiming Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, West Xueyuan Road 109#, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, West Xueyuan Road 109#, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, West Xueyuan Road 109#, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Yang X, Cheng X, Liu Q, Zhang C, Song Y. The response surface method-genetic algorithm for identification of the lumbar intervertebral disc material parameters. Comput Biol Med 2020; 124:103920. [PMID: 32768715 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Long-term compressive load on the lumbar intervertebral disc (IVD) might lead to lumbar IVD herniation. Exploring the material parameters of normal and degenerative enucleated IVDs is the basis for studying their mechanical behavior. According to the inverse analysis principle of the parameter estimation, an optimization method was proposed to identify the parameters of the porous material of the lumbar IVD based on finite element inverse analysis. The poroelastic finite element models were established in line with the compression creep experiment. The material parameters were combined by Box-Behnken design (BBD), and the response surface (RS) models were constructed using a quadratic polynomial with cross terms and optimized by genetic algorithm (GA). The results showed that the simulation result of the best material parameter combination had a good agreement with the experiment. Compared with the normal lumbar IVD, the elastic modulus and permeability decreased, and Poisson's ratio increased for the enucleated disk, resulting in a significant difference in mechanical properties. The algorithm used in this study can reduce the parameter identification error compared with only the RS method, and decrease the number of finite element simulations compared with only the GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiuPing Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, PR China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, PR China.
| | - XiaoMin Cheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, PR China
| | - Qing Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, PR China
| | - ChunQiu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, PR China
| | - Yang Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, PR China.
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Warren JM, Mazzoleni AP, Hey LA. Development and Validation of a Computationally Efficient Finite Element Model of the Human Lumbar Spine: Application to Disc Degeneration. Int J Spine Surg 2020; 14:502-510. [PMID: 32986570 DOI: 10.14444/7066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study develops and validates an accurate, computationally efficient, 3-dimensional finite element model (FEM) of the human lumbar spine. Advantages of this simplified model are shown by its application to a disc degeneration study that we demonstrate is completed in one-sixth the time required when using more complicated computed tomography (CT) scan-based models. METHODS An osseoligamentous FEM of the L1-L5 spine is developed using simple shapes based on average anatomical dimensions of key features of the spine rather than CT scan images. Pure moments of 7.5 Nm and a compressive follower load of 1000 N are individually applied to the L1 vertebra. Validation is achieved by comparing rotations and intradiscal pressures to other widely accepted FEMs and in vitro studies. Then degenerative disc properties are modeled and rotations calculated. Required computation times are compared between the model presented in this paper and other models developed using CT scans. RESULTS For the validation study, parameter values for a healthy spine were used with the loading conditions described above. Total L1-L5 rotations for flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation under pure moment loading were calculated as 20.3°, 10.7°, 19.7°, and 10.3°, respectively, and under a compressive follower load, maximum intradiscal pressures were calculated as 0.68 MPa. These values compare favorably with the data used for validation. When studying the effects of disc degeneration, the affected segment is shown to experience decreases in rotations during flexion, extension, and lateral bending (24%-56%), while rotations are shown to increase during axial rotation (14%-40%). Adjacent levels realize relatively minor changes in rotation (1%-6%). This parametric study required 17.5 hours of computation time compared to more than 4 days required if utilizing typical published CT scan-based models, illustrating one of the primary advantages of the model presented in this article. CONCLUSIONS The FEM presented in this article produces a biomechanical response comparable to widely accepted, complex, CT scan-based models and in vitro studies while requiring much shorter computation times. This makes the model ideal for conducting parametric studies of spinal pathologies and spinal correction techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Warren
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Andre P Mazzoleni
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Lloyd A Hey
- Hey Clinic for Scoliosis and Spine Surgery, Raleigh, North Carolina
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Internal load-sharing in the human passive lumbar spine: Review of in vitro and finite element model studies. J Biomech 2020; 102:109441. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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20
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Bashkuev M, Reitmaier S, Schmidt H. Relationship between intervertebral disc and facet joint degeneration: A probabilistic finite element model study. J Biomech 2020; 102:109518. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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