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Chen L, Carlton M, Chen X, Kaur N, Ryan H, Parker TJ, Lin Z, Xiao Y, Zhou Y. Effect of fibronectin, FGF-2, and BMP4 in the stemness maintenance of BMSCs and the metabolic and proteomic cues involved. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:165. [PMID: 33676544 PMCID: PMC7936451 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02227-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence suggests that the pluripotent state of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) relies on specific local microenvironmental cues such as adhesion molecules and growth factors. Fibronectin (FN), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) are the key players in the regulation of stemness and lineage commitment of MSCs. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the pluripotency and multilineage differentiation of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) with the introduction of FN, FGF-2, and BMP4 and to identify the metabolic and proteomic cues involved in stemness maintenance. Methods To elucidate the stemness of BMSCs when treated with FN, FGF-2, and BMP4, the pluripotency markers of OCT4, SOX2, and c-MYC in BMSCs were monitored by real-time PCR and/or western blot. The nuclear translocation of OCT4, SOX2, and c-MYC was investigated by immunofluorescence staining. Multilineage differentiation of the treated BMSCs was determined by relevant differentiation markers. To identify the molecular signatures of BMSC stemness, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and bioinformatics analysis were utilized to determine the metabolite and protein profiles associated with stem cell maintenance. Results Our results demonstrated that the expression of stemness markers decreased with BMSC passaging, and the manipulation of the microenvironment with fibronectin and growth factors (FGF2 and BMP4) can significantly improve BMSC stemness. Of note, we revealed 7 differentially expressed metabolites, the target genes of these metabolites may have important implications in the maintenance of BMSCs through their effects on metabolic activity, energy production, and potentially protein production. We also identified 21 differentially abundant proteins, which involved in multiple pathways, including metabolic, autophagy-related, and signaling pathways regulating the pluripotency of stem cells. Additionally, bioinformatics analysis comfirned the correlation between metabolic and proteomic profiling, suggesting that the importance of metabolism and proteome networks and their reciprocal communication in the preservation of stemness. Conclusions These results indicate that the culture environment supplemented with the culture cocktail (FN, FGF2, and BMP4) plays an essential role in shaping the pluripotent state of BMSCs. Both the metabolism and proteome networks are involved in this process and the modulation of cell-fate decision making. All these findings may contribute to the application of MSCs for regenerative medicine. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02227-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Morgan Carlton
- Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia
| | - Xiaodan Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Navdeep Kaur
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia
| | - Hollie Ryan
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia
| | - Tony J Parker
- Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia
| | - Zhengmei Lin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yin Xiao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China. .,Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia.
| | - Yinghong Zhou
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia.
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Wang X, Ping C, Tan P, Sun C, Liu G, Liu T, Yang S, Si Y, Zhao L, Hu Y, Jia Y, Wang X, Zhang M, Wang F, Wang D, Yu J, Ma Y, Huang Y. hnRNPLL controls pluripotency exit of embryonic stem cells by modulating alternative splicing of Tbx3 and Bptf. EMBO J 2021; 40:e104729. [PMID: 33349972 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020104729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulatory circuitry underlying embryonic stem (ES) cell self-renewal is well defined, but how this circuitry is disintegrated to enable lineage specification is unclear. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have essential roles in RNA-mediated gene regulation, and preliminary data suggest that they might regulate ES cell fate. By combining bioinformatic analyses with functional screening, we identified seven RBPs played important roles for the exit from pluripotency of ES cells. We characterized hnRNPLL, which mainly functions as a global regulator of alternative splicing in ES cells. Specifically, hnRNPLL promotes multiple ES cell-preferred exon skipping events during the onset of ES cell differentiation. hnRNPLL depletion thus leads to sustained expression of ES cell-preferred isoforms, resulting in a differentiation deficiency that causes developmental defects and growth impairment in hnRNPLL-KO mice. In particular, hnRNPLL-mediated alternative splicing of two transcription factors, Bptf and Tbx3, is important for pluripotency exit. These data uncover the critical role of RBPs in pluripotency exit and suggest the application of targeting RBPs in controlling ES cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Changyun Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of RNA Regulation and Hematopoiesis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Puwen Tan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenguang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of RNA Regulation and Hematopoiesis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (General Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Shuchun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmin Si
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of RNA Regulation and Hematopoiesis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of RNA Regulation and Hematopoiesis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yongfei Hu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuyan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of RNA Regulation and Hematopoiesis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of RNA Regulation and Hematopoiesis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of RNA Regulation and Hematopoiesis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanni Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of RNA Regulation and Hematopoiesis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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