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Wei H, Wang Z, Huang Y, Gao L, Wang W, Liu S, Sun Y, Liu H, Weng Y, Fan H, Zhang M. DCAF2 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of mouse progenitor spermatogonia by targeting p21 and thymine DNA glycosylase. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13676. [PMID: 38837535 PMCID: PMC11471390 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
DDB1-Cullin-4-associated factor-2 (DCAF2, also known as DTL or CDT2), a conserved substrate recognition protein of Cullin-RING E3 ligase 4 (CRL4), recognizes and degrades several substrate proteins during the S phase to maintain cell cycle progression and genome stability. Dcaf2 mainly expressed in germ cells of human and mouse. Our study found that Dcaf2 was expressed in mouse spermatogonia and spermatocyte. The depletion of Dcaf2 in germ cells by crossing Dcaf2fl/fl mice with stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8(Stra8)-Cre mice caused a reduction in progenitor spermatogonia and differentiating spermatogonia, eventually leading to the failure of meiosis initiation and male infertility. Further studies showed that depletion of Dcaf2 in germ cells caused abnormal accumulation of the substrate proteins, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21) and thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG), decreasing of cell proliferation, increasing of DNA damage and apoptosis. Overexpression of p21 or TDG attenuates proliferation and increases DNA damage and apoptosis in GC-1 cells, which is exacerbated by co-overexpression of p21 and TDG. The findings indicate that DCAF2 maintains the proliferation and differentiation of progenitor spermatogonia by targeting the substrate proteins p21 and TDG during the S phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Wei
- The Innovation Centre of Ministry of Education for Development and DiseasesThe second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhijuan Wang
- The Innovation Centre of Ministry of Education for Development and DiseasesThe second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Yating Huang
- The Innovation Centre of Ministry of Education for Development and DiseasesThe second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Longwei Gao
- The Innovation Centre of Ministry of Education for Development and DiseasesThe second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Weiyong Wang
- The Innovation Centre of Ministry of Education for Development and DiseasesThe second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Shuang Liu
- The Innovation Centre of Ministry of Education for Development and DiseasesThe second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Yan‐Li Sun
- The Innovation Centre of Ministry of Education for Development and DiseasesThe second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Huiyu Liu
- The Innovation Centre of Ministry of Education for Development and DiseasesThe second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Yashuang Weng
- The Innovation Centre of Ministry of Education for Development and DiseasesThe second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Heng‐Yu Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling NetworkLife Sciences Institute, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Meijia Zhang
- The Innovation Centre of Ministry of Education for Development and DiseasesThe second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
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Cui L, Zheng Y, Xu R, Lin Y, Zheng J, Lin P, Guo B, Sun S, Zhao X. Alternative pre-mRNA splicing in stem cell function and therapeutic potential: A critical review of current evidence. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131781. [PMID: 38657924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Alternative splicing is a crucial regulator in stem cell biology, intricately influencing the functions of various biological macromolecules, particularly pre-mRNAs and the resultant protein isoforms. This regulatory mechanism is vital in determining stem cell pluripotency, differentiation, and proliferation. Alternative splicing's role in allowing single genes to produce multiple protein isoforms facilitates the proteomic diversity that is essential for stem cells' functional complexity. This review delves into the critical impact of alternative splicing on cellular functions, focusing on its interaction with key macromolecules and how this affects cellular behavior. We critically examine how alternative splicing modulates the function and stability of pre-mRNAs, leading to diverse protein expressions that govern stem cell characteristics, including pluripotency, self-renewal, survival, proliferation, differentiation, aging, migration, somatic reprogramming, and genomic stability. Furthermore, the review discusses the therapeutic potential of targeting alternative splicing-related pathways in disease treatment, particularly focusing on the modulation of RNA and protein interactions. We address the challenges and future prospects in this field, underscoring the need for further exploration to unravel the complex interplay between alternative splicing, RNA, proteins, and stem cell behaviors, which is crucial for advancing our understanding and therapeutic approaches in regenerative medicine and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cui
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yucheng Zheng
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongwei Xu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China; Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yunfan Lin
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiarong Zheng
- Department of Dentistry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Pei Lin
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Dentistry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shuyu Sun
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China.
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Sun L, Lv Z, Chen X, Ye R, Tian S, Wang C, Xie X, Yan L, Yao X, Shao Y, Cui S, Chen J, Liu J. Splicing factor SRSF1 is essential for homing of precursor spermatogonial stem cells in mice. eLife 2024; 12:RP89316. [PMID: 38271475 PMCID: PMC10945694 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are essential for continuous spermatogenesis and male fertility. The underlying mechanisms of alternative splicing (AS) in mouse SSCs are still largely unclear. We demonstrated that SRSF1 is essential for gene expression and splicing in mouse SSCs. Crosslinking immunoprecipitation and sequencing data revealed that spermatogonia-related genes (e.g. Plzf, Id4, Setdb1, Stra8, Tial1/Tiar, Bcas2, Ddx5, Srsf10, Uhrf1, and Bud31) were bound by SRSF1 in the mouse testes. Specific deletion of Srsf1 in mouse germ cells impairs homing of precursor SSCs leading to male infertility. Whole-mount staining data showed the absence of germ cells in the testes of adult conditional knockout (cKO) mice, which indicates Sertoli cell-only syndrome in cKO mice. The expression of spermatogonia-related genes (e.g. Gfra1, Pou5f1, Plzf, Dnd1, Stra8, and Taf4b) was significantly reduced in the testes of cKO mice. Moreover, multiomics analysis suggests that SRSF1 may affect survival of spermatogonia by directly binding and regulating Tial1/Tiar expression through AS. In addition, immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry and co-immunoprecipitation data showed that SRSF1 interacts with RNA splicing-related proteins (e.g. SART1, RBM15, and SRSF10). Collectively, our data reveal the critical role of SRSF1 in spermatogonia survival, which may provide a framework to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the posttranscriptional network underlying homing of precursor SSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zheng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xuexue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Rong Ye
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shuang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chaofan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiaomei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yujing Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Sheng Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou UniversityJiangsuChina
| | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China, Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jiali Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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Cui Y, Chen W, Du L, He Z. OIP5 Interacts with NCK2 to Mediate Human Spermatogonial Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Apoptosis through Cell Cyclins and Cycle Progression and Its Abnormality Is Correlated with Male Infertility. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0162. [PMID: 37292517 PMCID: PMC10246317 DOI: 10.34133/research.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) have important applications in both reproduction and regenerative medicine. Nevertheless, specific genes and signaling transduction pathways in mediating fate decisions of human SSCs remain elusive. Here, we have demonstrated for the first time that OIP5 (Opa interacting protein 5) controlled the self-renewal and apoptosis of human SSCs. RNA sequencing identified that NCK2 was a target for OIP5 in human SSCs, and interestingly, OIP5 could interact with NCK2 as shown by Co-IP (co-immunoprecipitation), IP-MS (mass spectrometry), and GST pulldown assays. NCK2 silencing decreased human SSC proliferation and DNA synthesis but enhanced their apoptosis. Notably, NCK2 knockdown reversed the influence of OIP5 overexpression on human SSCs. Moreover, OIP5 inhibition decreased the numbers of human SSCs at S and G2/M phases, while the levels of numerous cell cycle proteins, including cyclins A2, B1, D1, E1 and H, especially cyclin D1, were remarkably reduced. Significantly, whole-exome sequencing of 777 patients with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) revealed 54 single-nucleotide polymorphism mutations of the OIP5 gene (6.95%), while the level of OIP5 protein was obviously lower in testes of NOA patients compared to fertile men. Collectively, these results implicate that OIP5 interacts with NCK2 to modulate human SSC self-renewal and apoptosis via cell cyclins and cell cycle progression and that its mutation and/or lower expression is correlated with azoospermia. As such, this study offers novel insights into molecular mechanisms underlying the fate determinations of human SSCs and the pathogenesis of NOA, and it provides new targets for treating male infertility.
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