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Alseud K, Ostlund T, Durymanov M, Reineke J, Halaweish F. Synthesis and biological activity of 11-Oxygenated and heterocyclic estrone analogs in pancreatic cancer monolayers and 3D spheroids. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 103:117678. [PMID: 38489997 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC), representing over 90 % of pancreatic cancer diagnoses, is an aggressive disease with survivability among the worst of all cancers due to its difficulty in detection and its high metastatic properties. Current therapies for PDAC show limited success at extending life expectancies, primarily due to cancer resistance and lack of patient-specific targeted therapies. This work highlights the design and evaluation of estrone-derived analogs with both heterocyclic side-chain functionality and 11-oxygenated functionality for use in pancreatic cancer. First-round heterocyclic analogs show preliminary promise in AsPC-1 and Panc-1 cell lines, with IC50 values as low as 10.16 ± 0.83 µM. Their success, coupled with design choices from other studies, led to the synthesis of novel 11-hydroxyl and 11-keto estrone analogs that show potent in-vitro toxicity against various pancreatic cancer models. The three most cytotoxic analogs, KA1, KA2, and KA9 demonstrated low micromolar activities in both MTT and CellTiter assays in three pancreatic cancer cell lines: AsPC-1, Panc-1, and BxPC-3, as well as in a co-culture of Panc-1 and pancreatic stellate cells. IC50 values for KA9 (4.17 ± 0.90, 5.28 ± 1.87, and 5.70 ± 0.65 µM respectively) shows consistency in all cell lines tested. KA9 is also able to cause an increase in caspases 3 and 7 activity, key markers for apoptosis, at non-cytotoxic concentrations. Additional work was performed by generating 3D pancreatic cancer spheroids to better modulate the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, and KA9 continued to show the best IC50 values (21.0 and 24.3 µM) in both cell types tested. KA9 was also able to prevent the growth of spheroids whereas the standard chemotherapy, Gemcitabine, could not, suggesting that it may be a potent analog for future development of treatments. Molecular dynamic simulations were also performed to confirm biological findings and uncovered that KA9's preferential binding location is in the active site pocket of key proteins involved in cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Alseud
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Trevor Ostlund
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA
| | - Mikhail Durymanov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA
| | - Joshua Reineke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA
| | - Fathi Halaweish
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA.
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2
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Acheampong F, Ostlund T, Mahnashi M, Halaweish F. Antiproliferation and apoptosis studies of estrone pharmacophores in triple-negative breast cancer. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:1050-1066. [PMID: 37500540 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer that shows high metastatic capability and poor prognosis. The aggressive behavior of TNBC may involve amplified EGFR expression. Currently, no targeted therapy has been approved for treating TNBC, which urgently needs novel treatment options. In this study, we report that estrone analogs with novel pharmacophores exhibited high potency toward TNBC cells through multiple mechanisms, inhibition of cell proliferation via EGFR receptor, and induction of mitochondrial apoptosis. Molecular docking studies revealed that hit analogs MMA307 and MMA321 were potent against the EGFR receptor (pdb code: 1M17) in silico and were over 10-fold more potent than sorafenib (positive control) when dosed against MDA-MB-468 cells in vitro. MMA307 and MMA321 induced mitochondrial apoptosis as characterized by condensed nuclei with fragmented chromatin, phosphatidylserine flip and modulated expressions of Apaf1, cytochrome c, and caspases 3 and 9. MMA307 and MMA321 inhibited TNBC proliferation through suppression of EGFR and activated EGFR (Y1068) expressions. Similarly, EGFR signaling pathways, RAF/ERK and AKT/mTOR, were inhibited as pARaf, pERK1/2 (characterizes RAF/ERK pathway) and pAKT, pmTOR, p70S6Kα (characterizes AKT/mTOR pathway) were all suppressed. Moreover, MMA307 and MMA321 inhibited TNBC cell growth through downregulation of cyclin D1 expression and arresting TNBC cells in the G1 phase of cell cycle. This study reports for the first time that estrone congeners with novel pharmacophores may be an effective therapy for TNBC. Findings from this research provide a solid foundation for further preclinical and clinical studies in developing estrone derivatives as novel TNBC therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Acheampong
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, Verve Therapeutics Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Trevor Ostlund
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
| | - Mater Mahnashi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fathi Halaweish
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
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3
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Mistry S, Thakkar M, Kumar Singh A, Patel D. Synthesis, in vitro cytotoxic activity and molecular docking study of Androstene and Estrone Derivatives. Steroids 2023:109259. [PMID: 37336339 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The development and discovery of steroidal drugs to cure cervical cancer is of the most important. The Claisen condensation of androstene and estrone with aromatic aldehydes was catalyzed by potassium tert. butoxide in tert. butanol to give the corresponding 2-arylidene and 16-arylidene estrone. Subsequently, the 16-arylidene estrone reacted with acid chloride in presence of quaternary amine in halogenated solvent resulting in the steroidal arylidene derivatives. Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro cytotoxic activity of arylidenes are rationalized. Fifteen compounds are synthesized and six of them were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against cervical cancer cell line. HT-3 cell line examination revealed a considerable growth inhibition. Compounds 4a, 4b, 6b, 8c, and 8d, which are estrone-based arylidenes, are the most potent of the series, with IC50 value of 7.15, 10.76, 6.37, 3.56, and 1.55 µM/ml against HT-3 cell line. In addition, molecular docking studies were performed for the steroidal arylidenes to elucidate the binding interactions. Compound 4a, 4b, 6b, 8c and 8d showed excellent binding energy. Docking studies agreed well with in vitro studies. The end result offers an alternative approach to develop steroidal arylidenes that are more effective and are based on estrone, leading to the development of novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailesh Mistry
- Parul Institute of Applied Science, Parul University, P.O. Limbda, Ta. Waghodiya-391760, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Mittal Thakkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad-387001, Gujarat, India.
| | | | - Dhaval Patel
- Gujarat Biotechnology university, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India
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4
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Abou-Salim MA, Shaaban MA, Abd El Hameid MK, Alanazi MM, Halaweish F, Elshaier YAMM. Utilizing Estra-1,3,5,16-Tetraene Scaffold: Design and Synthesis of Nitric Oxide Donors as Chemotherapeutic Resistance Combating Agents in Liver Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062754. [PMID: 36985726 PMCID: PMC10055446 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of nitric oxide-releasing estra-1,3,5,16-tetraene analogs (NO-∆-16-CIEAs) was designed and synthesized as dual inhibitors for EGFR and MRP2 based on our previous findings on estra-1,3,5-triene analog NO-CIEA 17 against both HepG2 and HepG2-R cell lines. Among the target compounds, 14a (R-isomer) and 14b (S-isomer) displayed potent anti-proliferative activity against both HepG2 and HepG2-R cell lines in comparison to the reference drug erlotinib. Remarkably, compound 14a resulted in a prominent reduction in EGFR phosphorylation at a concentration of 1.20 µM with slight activity on the phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2. It also inhibits MRP2 expression in a dose-dependent manner with 24% inhibition and arrested the cells in the S phase of the cell cycle. Interestingly, compound 14a (estratetraene core) exhibited a twofold increase in anti-proliferative activity against both HepG2 and HepG2-R in comparison with the lead estratriene analog, demonstrating the significance of the designed ∆-16 unsaturation. The results shed a light on compound 14a and support further investigations to combat multidrug resistance in chemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrous A Abou-Salim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Shaaban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohammed K Abd El Hameid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fathi Halaweish
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Box 2202, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Yaseen A M M Elshaier
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32958, Egypt
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Han Mİ, Küçükgüzel ŞG. Thioethers: An Overview. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:170-219. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210614121237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
Spreading rapidly in recent years, cancer has become one of the causes of the highest mor-tality rates after cardiovascular diseases. The reason for cancer development is still not clearly under-stood despite enormous research activities in this area. Scientists are now working on the biology of cancer, especially on the root cause of cancer development. The aim is to treat the cancer disease and thus cure the patients. The continuing efforts for the development of novel molecules as potential anti-cancer agents are essential for this purpose. The main aim of this review was to present a survey on the medicinal chemistry of thioethers and provide practical data on their cytotoxicities against various cancer cell lines. The research articles published between 2001-2020 were consulted to pre-pare this review article; however, patent literature has not been included. The thioether-containing heterocyclic compounds may emerge as a new class of potent and effective anti-cancer agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. İhsan Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Talas, 38050, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ş. Güniz Küçükgüzel
- Vocational School of Health Services, Fenerbahçe University, Ataşehir, 34758, İstanbul, Turkey
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Ostlund T, Alotaibi F, Kyeremateng J, Halaweish H, Kasten A, Iram S, Halaweish F. Triazole-estradiol analogs: A potential cancer therapeutic targeting ovarian and colorectal cancer. Steroids 2022; 177:108950. [PMID: 34933058 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
1,2,3-triazoles have continuously shown effectiveness as biologically active systems towards various cancers, and when used in combination with steroid skeletons as a carrier, which can act as a drug delivery system, allows for a creation of a novel set of analogs that may be useful as a pharmacophore leading to a potential treatment option for cancer. A common molecular target for cancer inhibition is that of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor/Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase pathways, as inhibition of these proteins is associated with a decrease in cell viability. Estradiol-Triazole analogs were thus designed using a molecular modeling approach. Thirteen of the high scoring analogs were then synthesized and tested in-vitro on an ovarian cancer cell line (A2780) and colorectal cancer cell line (HT-29). The most active compound, Fz25, shows low micromolar activity in both the ovarian (15.29 ± 2.19 µM) and colorectal lines (15.98 ± 0.39 µM). Mechanism of action studies proved that Fz25 moderately arrests cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, specifically inhibiting STAT3 in both cell lines. Additionally, Fz57 shows activity in the colorectal line (24.19 ± 1.37 µM). Inhibition studies in both cell lines show inhibition against various proteins in the EGFR pathway, namely EGFR, STAT3, ERK, and mTOR. To further study their effects as therapeutics, Fz25 and Fz57 were studied against drug efflux proteins, which are associated with drug resistance, and were found to inhibit the ABC transporter P-glycoprotein. We can conclude that these estradiol-triazole analogs provide a key for future studies targeting protein inhibition and drug resistance in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Ostlund
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, United States
| | - Faez Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, United States
| | - Jennifer Kyeremateng
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, United States
| | - Hossam Halaweish
- Division of Basic & Translational Research, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St SE. MMC 195, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Abigail Kasten
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, United States
| | - Surtaj Iram
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, United States
| | - Fathi Halaweish
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, United States.
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7
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Cucurbitacins inspired organic synthesis: Potential dual inhibitors targeting EGFR – MAPK pathway. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 173:294-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Abou-Salim MA, Shaaban MA, Abd El Hameid MK, Elshaier YAMM, Halaweish F. Design, synthesis and biological study of hybrid drug candidates of nitric oxide releasing cucurbitacin-inspired estrone analogs for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Bioorg Chem 2019; 85:515-533. [PMID: 30807895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Development of hybrid drug candidates is well known strategy for designing antitumor agents. Herein, a novel class of nitric oxide donating cucurbitacin inspired estrone analogs (NO-CIEAs) were designed and synthesized as multitarget agents. Synthesized analogs were initially evaluated for their anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activities. Among the tested analogs, NO-CIEAs 17 and 20a exhibited more potent activity against HepG2 cells (IC50 = 4.69 and 12.5 µM, respectively) than the reference drug Erlotinib (IC50 = 25 µM). Interestingly, NO-CIEA 17 exerted also a high potent activity against Erlotinib-resistant HepG2 cell line (HepG2-R) (IC50 = 8.21 µM) giving insight about its importance in drug resistance therapy. Intracellular measurements of NO revealed that NO-CIEAs 17 and 20a showed a significant increase in NO production in tumor cells after 1 h of incubation comparable to the reference prodrug JS-K. Flow cytometric analysis showed that both NO-CIEAs 17 and 20a mainly arrested the HepG2 cells in the G0/G1 phase. Also, In-Cell Based ELISA screening showed that NO-CIEA 17 resulted in a potential inhibitory activity towards the EGFR and MAPK (25% and 29% inhibition compared to untreated control cells, respectively). This data suggests the binding ability of NO-CIEA 17 to the EGFR and ERK to be well correlated along with the docking and cellular studies. Also, treatment of HepG2-R cells with NO-CIEA 17 showed a potential reduction of MRP2 expression in a dose dependent manner providing a significant impact on the chemotherapeutic resistance. Overall, the current study provides a potential new approach for the discovery of a novel antitumor agent against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrous A Abou-Salim
- Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Assiut 71524, Egypt; South Dakota State University, Chemistry & Biochemistry, Box 2202, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Mohamed A Shaaban
- Cairo University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | | | - Yaseen A M M Elshaier
- University of Sadat City, Faculty of Pharmacy, Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Menoufia 32958, Egypt
| | - Fathi Halaweish
- South Dakota State University, Chemistry & Biochemistry, Box 2202, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
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9
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Ispán D, Szánti-Pintér E, Papp M, Wouters J, Tumanov N, Zsirka B, Gömöry Á, Kollár L, Skoda-Földes R. The Use of Switchable Polarity Solvents for the Synthesis of 16-Arylidene Steroids via Claisen-Schmidt Condensation. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Ispán
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; University of Pannonia; Egyetem u. 10 8200 Veszprém Hungary
| | - Eszter Szánti-Pintér
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; University of Pannonia; Egyetem u. 10 8200 Veszprém Hungary
| | - Máté Papp
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; University of Pannonia; Egyetem u. 10 8200 Veszprém Hungary
| | - Johan Wouters
- Department of Chemistry; University of Namur; Rue de Bruxelles 61, B- 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Nikolay Tumanov
- Department of Chemistry; University of Namur; Rue de Bruxelles 61, B- 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Balázs Zsirka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Pannonia; Egyetem u. 10, H- 8200 Veszprém Hungary
| | - Ágnes Gömöry
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Magyar tudósok körútja 2 1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - László Kollár
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and MTA-PTE Research Group for Selective Chemical Syntheses; University of Pécs; Ifjúság u. 6 H-7624 Pécs Hungary
| | - Rita Skoda-Földes
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; University of Pannonia; Egyetem u. 10 8200 Veszprém Hungary
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10
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Ahmed MS, El-Senduny F, Taylor J, Halaweish FT. Biological screening of cucurbitacin inspired estrone analogs targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:478-484. [PMID: 28171685 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud S. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; The British University in Egypt; El-Sherouk Cairo Egypt
| | - Fardous El-Senduny
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Mansoura University; Mansoura Egypt
| | - Jessica Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; South Dakota State University; Brookings SD USA
| | - Fathi T. Halaweish
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; South Dakota State University; Brookings SD USA
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11
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Alsayari A, Kopel L, Ahmed MS, Pay A, Carlson T, Halaweish FT. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of steroidal analogs as estrogenic/anti-estrogenic agents. Steroids 2017; 118:32-40. [PMID: 27876568 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Series of estrone based analogs were synthetically investigated at positions C-9, C-11, C-16, and C-17 positions, to be biologically evaluated via assessment of cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, and estrogenic/anti-estrogenic activity. LA-7 and LA-10 revealed their potential to exhibit inhibitory estrogenic profile. This was further validated by Estrogen Receptor-α (ER-α) and Estrogen Receptor-β (ER-β) competitive binding assays to reveal the high selective affinity of LA-7 towards ER-α at 5.49μM, while LA-10 did not show any binding affinity towards neither ER-α nor ER-β; suggesting another mechanism for inhibition. This was validated by in silico molecular docking simulations of LA-7 to reveal the optimum binding affinity of LA-7 towards ER-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrhman Alsayari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lucas Kopel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Box 2202, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Mahmoud Salama Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Al-Sherouk City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Adam Pay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Box 2202, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Taylor Carlson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Box 2202, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Fathi T Halaweish
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Box 2202, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
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13
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Iriarte I, Vera S, Badiola E, Mielgo A, Oiarbide M, García JM, Odriozola JM, Palomo C. Asymmetric Assembly of All-Carbon Tertiary/Quaternary Nonadjacent Stereocenters through Organocatalytic Conjugate Addition of α-Cyanoacetates to a Methacrylate Equivalent. Chemistry 2016; 22:13690-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Iriarte
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I; Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU; Manuel Lardizabal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Silvia Vera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I; Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU; Manuel Lardizabal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Eider Badiola
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I; Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU; Manuel Lardizabal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Antonia Mielgo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I; Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU; Manuel Lardizabal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Mikel Oiarbide
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I; Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU; Manuel Lardizabal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Jesús M. García
- Departamento de Química Aplicada; Universidad Pública de Navarra; 31006 Pamplona Spain
| | - José M. Odriozola
- Departamento de Química Aplicada; Universidad Pública de Navarra; 31006 Pamplona Spain
| | - Claudio Palomo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I; Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU; Manuel Lardizabal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
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14
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Ahmed MS, Kopel LC, Halaweish FT. Structural optimization and biological screening of a steroidal scaffold possessing cucurbitacin-like functionalities as B-Raf inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:1361-7. [PMID: 24682977 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway by targeting the commonly occurring mutated B-Raf in melanoma has become a practical method for the development of drugs and drug candidates. In order to expand upon the currently reported structural scaffolds used to target the MAPK pathway, molecular docking studies led to the installation an α,β-unsaturated ketone side chain, related to the cucurbitacin class of natural products, on to an estrone core via an aldol condensation reaction, along with installation of the Δ(9,11) olefin to assemble what has been defined as a pseudo-cis configuration at the B/C ring juncture. Combination of these cucurbitacin-like features resulted in a compound with an enhanced biological profile against the A-375 mutant B-Raf cell line, in regards to their cytotoxicity and inhibitory activity toward phosphorylated extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud S Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Box 2202, Brookings, SD 57007 (USA)
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