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Kejík Z, Koubková N, Krčová L, Sýkora D, Abramenko N, Veselá K, Kaplánek R, Hajduch J, Houdová Megová M, Bušek P, Šedo A, Lacina L, Smetana K, Martásek P, Jakubek M. Combination of quinoxaline with pentamethinium system: Mitochondrial staining and targeting. Bioorg Chem 2023; 141:106816. [PMID: 37716274 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Pentamethinium indolium salts are promising fluorescence probes and anticancer agents with high mitochondrial selectivity. We synthesized two indolium pentamethinium salts: a cyclic form with quinoxaline directly incorporated in the pentamethinium chain (cPMS) and an open form with quinoxaline substitution in the γ-position (oPMS). To better understand their properties, we studied their interaction with mitochondrial phospholipids (cardiolipin and phosphatidylcholine) by spectroscopic methods (UV-Vis, fluorescence, and NMR spectroscopy). Both compounds displayed significant affinity for cardiolipin and phosphatidylcholine, which was associated with a strong change in their UV-Vis spectra. Nevertheless, we surprisingly observed that fluorescence properties of cPMS changed in complex with both cardiolipin and phosphatidylcholine, whereas those of oPMS only changed in complex with cardiolipin. Both salts, especially cPMS, display high usability in mitochondrial imaging and are cytotoxic for cancer cells. The above clearly indicates that conjugates of pentamethinium and quinoxaline group, especially cPMS, represent promising structural motifs for designing mitochondrial-specific agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Kejík
- BIOCEV, Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University in Vestec, Prumyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 6, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nela Koubková
- BIOCEV, Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University in Vestec, Prumyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 6, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Krčová
- BIOCEV, Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University in Vestec, Prumyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 6, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Sýkora
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 6, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nikita Abramenko
- BIOCEV, Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University in Vestec, Prumyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Veselá
- BIOCEV, Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University in Vestec, Prumyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Kaplánek
- BIOCEV, Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University in Vestec, Prumyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 6, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hajduch
- BIOCEV, Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University in Vestec, Prumyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 6, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Houdová Megová
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 2, CZ-120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bušek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 2, CZ-120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aleksi Šedo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 2, CZ-120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Lacina
- BIOCEV, Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University in Vestec, Prumyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Dermatovenerology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, CZ-128 08 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 2, CZ-120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Smetana
- BIOCEV, Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University in Vestec, Prumyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 2, CZ-120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Martásek
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jakubek
- BIOCEV, Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University in Vestec, Prumyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 6, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Talianová V, Kejík Z, Kaplánek R, Veselá K, Abramenko N, Lacina L, Strnadová K, Dvořánková B, Martásek P, Masařík M, Megová MH, Bušek P, Křížová J, Zdražilová L, Hansíková H, Vlčák E, Filimonenko V, Šedo A, Smetana K, Jakubek M. New-Generation Heterocyclic Bis-Pentamethinium Salts as Potential Cytostatic Drugs with Dual IL-6R and Mitochondria-Targeting Activity. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081712. [PMID: 36015338 PMCID: PMC9416741 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-6 signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of a number of serious diseases, including chronic inflammation and cancer. Targeting of IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) by small molecules is therefore an intensively studied strategy in cancer treatment. We describe the design, synthesis, and characteristics of two new bis-pentamethinium salts 5 and 6 (meta and para) bearing indole moieties. Molecular docking studies showed that both compounds have the potential to bind IL-6R (free energy of binding −9.5 and −8.1 kcal/mol). The interaction with IL-6R was confirmed using microscale thermophoresis analyses, which revealed that both compounds had strong affinity for the IL-6R (experimentally determined dissociation constants 26.5 ± 2.5 nM and 304 ± 27.6 nM, respectively). In addition, both compounds were cytotoxic for a broad spectrum of cancer cell lines in micromolar concentrations, most likely due to their accumulation in mitochondria and inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. In summary, the structure motif of bis-pentamethinium salts represents a promising starting point for the design of novel multitargeting compounds with the potential to inhibit IL-6 signaling and simultaneously target mitochondrial metabolism in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Talianová
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 455/2, CZ-128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Kejík
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 455/2, CZ-128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Kaplánek
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 455/2, CZ-128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Veselá
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 455/2, CZ-128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nikita Abramenko
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 455/2, CZ-128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Lacina
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Dermatovenerology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, CZ-128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karolína Strnadová
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Dvořánková
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Martásek
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 455/2, CZ-128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masařík
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 455/2, CZ-128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathological Physiology and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Houdová Megová
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bušek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Křížová
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 455/2, CZ-128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Zdražilová
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 455/2, CZ-128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Hansíková
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 455/2, CZ-128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Vlčák
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences, CZ-140 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vlada Filimonenko
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences, CZ-140 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aleksi Šedo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Smetana
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jakubek
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 455/2, CZ-128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
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Wu F, Chen Z, Zhang F, Zheng H, Li S, Gao Y, Yang J, Sui N. Identification and Transcriptome Analysis of Genes Related to Membrane Lipid Regulation in Sweet Sorghum under Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105465. [PMID: 35628281 PMCID: PMC9141458 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sweet sorghum has strong stress resistance and is considered a promising energy crop. In the present study, the effects of salt on the membrane lipid metabolism of two sweet sorghum inbred lines (salt-tolerant M-81E and salt-sensitive Roma) were analyzed. After treatment with 150 mM NaCl, higher levels of fresh weight and chlorophyll fluorescence, as well as lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were found in salt-tolerant M-81E. Concomitantly, 702 and 1339 differentially expression genes (DEGs) in M-81E and Roma were identified in response to salt stress. We determined that most DEGs were related to glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, and other membrane lipid metabolisms. Under NaCl treatment, the expression of the membrane-associated phospholipase A1 was down-regulated at the transcriptional level, along with an increased content of phosphatidylcholine (PC) in both cultivars. The inhibition of triacylglycerol (TAG) mobilization in M-81E delayed salt-induced leaf senescence. Furthermore, enhanced levels of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) expression contributed to improved salt resistance in M-81E. The results of this study demonstrate membrane the role of lipid regulation in mediating salt-defensive responses in sweet sorghum and expand our understanding of the relationship between changes in membrane lipid content and salt resistance.
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Modzel M, Solanko KA, Szomek M, Hansen SK, Dupont A, Nåbo LJ, Kongsted J, Wüstner D. Live-cell imaging of new polyene sterols for improved analysis of intracellular cholesterol transport. J Microsc 2018. [PMID: 29516493 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of intracellular cholesterol transport by fluorescence microscopy requires suitable fluorescent analogues of cholesterol. Most existing cholesterol analogues contain lipophilic dyes which can compromise the sterol properties in membranes. An alternative strategy is to introduce additional double bonds into the sterol ring system resulting in intrinsic fluorescence, while at the same time keeping the cholesterol-like properties of the analogues. Existing polyene sterols, such as dehydroergosterol (DHE) or cholestatrienol (CTL), however, contain only three double bonds and suffer from low brightness, significant photobleaching and excitation/emission in the ultraviolet region. Thus, special equipment is required to image such sterols. Here, we describe synthesis, characterization and intracellular imaging of new polyene sterols containing four conjugated double bonds in the sterol ring system. We show that such analogues have red-shifted excitation and emission by ∼20 nm compared to DHE or CTL. The red shift was even more pronounced when preventing keto-enol tautomer equilibration by protecting the 3'-hydroxy group with acetate. We show that the latter analogue can be imaged on a conventional wide field microscope with a DAPI/filipin filter cube. The new polyene sterols show reduced photobleaching compared to DHE or CTL allowing for improved deconvolution microscopy of sterol containing cellular membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Modzel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - K A Solanko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - M Szomek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - S K Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - A Dupont
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - L J Nåbo
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - J Kongsted
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - D Wüstner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
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Kejík Z, Kaplánek R, Havlík M, Bříza T, Jakubek M, Králová J, Mikula I, Martásek P, Král V. Optical probes and sensors as perspective tools in epigenetics. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2295-2306. [PMID: 28285925 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Modifications of DNA cytosine bases and histone posttranslational modifications play key roles in the control of gene expression and specification of cell states. Such modifications affect many important biological processes and changes to these important regulation mechanisms can initiate or significantly contribute to the development of many serious pathological states. Therefore, recognition and determination of chromatin modifications is an important goal in basic and clinical research. Two of the most promising tools for this purpose are optical probes and sensors, especially colourimetric and fluorescence devices. The use of optical probes and sensors is simple, without highly expensive instrumentation, and with excellent sensitivity and specificity for target structural motifs. Accordingly, the application of various probes and sensors in the recognition and determination of cytosine modifications and structure of histones and histone posttranslational modifications, are discussed in detail in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Kejík
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Kaplánek
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Havlík
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Bříza
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jakubek
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Králová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Mikula
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Martásek
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Král
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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