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Honjo S, Yamauchi S, Yoshimoto Y, Jun C, Egawa H, Kubota A, Tsuda K, Yube Y, Kaji S, Orita H, Fukunaga T. A vanished gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Surg Case Rep 2023; 9:92. [PMID: 37254018 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-023-01674-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Local resection is the standard treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) is a minimally invasive surgery used to resect GISTs. Herein, we report an extremely rare case of a gastric GIST that grossly vanished during LECS. CASE PRESENTATION A 50-year-old Japanese female was referred to our hospital after an abnormality was detected during an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) at her annual health checkup. Based on EGD, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), and computer tomography (CT) findings, the patient was diagnosed with a 50-mm submucosal tumor (SMT) with intraluminal growth on the anterior wall of the lesser curvature of the upper body of the stomach. We routinely use LECS to treat the intraluminal growth type of GISTs. During the intraoperative endoscopy, the intraluminal submucosal tumor, which was detected preoperatively, had vanished. A red-white scar was observed in the regressed tumor region. LECS was performed by resecting at a distance away from the scar tissue and closing the gastric wall with intracavitary sutures. In the evaluation from the tumor section view of the original resected specimen, a 22 × 14 × 8 mm lobular neoplasm was observed that was predominantly located in the gastric submucosa to the muscularis propia. Pathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of GIST with intermediate risk indicated by the Fletcher classification. The patient continued postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with imatinib and no recurrence was detected over 12 months after surgery. CONCLUSION LECS was performed on the vanished gastric GIST, providing the best surgical treatment and leading to an accurate diagnosis and optimal postoperative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Honjo
- Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamauchi
- Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan.
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| | - Yutaro Yoshimoto
- Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Chen Jun
- Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Hiroki Egawa
- Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Akira Kubota
- Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Kenki Tsuda
- Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Yukinori Yube
- Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Sanae Kaji
- Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Hajime Orita
- Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Tetsu Fukunaga
- Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
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Aguayo WG, Rojas CL, Molina GA, Cárdenas BA, Parreño EF, Melendez SD, Alvarez MP, Basantes VM, Aguayo JJ, Gualotuña FV. "A hybrid approach for GISTs near the esophagogastric junction, a case report". Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 62:288-292. [PMID: 33537145 PMCID: PMC7841213 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are the most frequent mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Complete resection of GISTs is the only chance of cure for patients. When these tumors are located near the esophagogastric junction, the surgical risk can cause deformity or stenosis in the gastric inlet, leading to higher complications and diminishing their quality of life. In such cases, a more sophisticated and tailored approach should be used. Case presentation We present the case of a 42-year-old female; she presented to our office with a 3-year history of nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension. Two GISTs were located near the EGJ, and with a combined approach we achieved complete resection. On follow-ups, the patient is doing well. Clinical Discussion, Conclusion When diagnosis is confirmed, surgical resection must be the first choice for GISTs as complete surgical excision is the only permanent cure. The rise of endoscopic surgery has become a valuable tool and a critical element in surgery. Hybrid techniques that combine laparoscopic and endoscopic approaches can improve the patient's outcomes and provide better results. The rise of endoscopic surgery has become a valuable tool and a critical element in surgery. Early histologic diagnosis and surgical resection is the most reliable way to improve patients' quality of life. The surgical decision will be what define the future of the patient and, ultimately, his life.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Aguayo
- Surgeon at Grupo Digeslap Center & Clínica Citimed, Quito-Ecuador, Ecuador
| | - Christian L Rojas
- Surgeon at Grupo Digeslap Center & Clínica Citimed, Quito-Ecuador, Ecuador
| | - Gabriel A Molina
- Surgeon at Grupo Digeslap Center & Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Quito-Ecuador, Ecuador
| | - B Andrés Cárdenas
- Endoscopic Surgeon at Grupo Digeslap Center & Clínica Citimed, Quito-Ecuador, Ecuador
| | - Emilio F Parreño
- Anesthesiologist at Clínica Citimed, Quito-Ecuador, Department of Anesthesiology, Ecuador
| | - Sergio D Melendez
- Anesthesiologist at Clínica Citimed, Quito-Ecuador, Department of Anesthesiology, Ecuador
| | - Monica P Alvarez
- Anesthesiologist at Clínica Citimed, Quito-Ecuador, Department of Anesthesiology, Ecuador
| | | | - Johan J Aguayo
- PGY3 Pediatric Surgery at Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital, Guayaquil-Ecuador, Ecuador
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3
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Application of a sodium alginate hydrogel for clear preoperative endoscopic marking using India ink. Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-020-0342-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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4
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Aisu Y, Yasukawa D, Kimura Y, Hori T. Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery for gastric tumors: Perspective for actual practice and oncological benefits. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2018; 10:381-397. [PMID: 30487950 PMCID: PMC6247108 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v10.i11.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) is a surgical technique that combines laparoscopic partial gastrectomy and endoscopic submucosal dissection. LECS requires close collaboration between skilled laparoscopic surgeons and experienced endoscopists. For successful LECS, experience alone is not sufficient. Instead, familiarity with the characteristics of both laparoscopic surgery and endoscopic intervention is necessary to overcome various technical problems. LECS was developed mainly as a treatment for gastric submucosal tumors without epithelial lesions, including gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Local gastric wall dissection without lymphadenectomy is adequate for the treatment of gastric GISTs. Compared with conventional simple wedge resection with a linear stapler, LECS can provide both optimal surgical margins and oncological benefit that result in functional preservation of the residual stomach. As technical characteristics, however, classic LECS involves intentional opening of the gastric wall, resulting in a risk of tumor dissemination with contamination by gastric juice. Therefore, several modified LECS techniques have been developed to avoid even subtle tumor exposure. Furthermore, LECS for early gastric cancer has been attempted according to the concept of sentinel lymph node dissection. LECS is a prospective treatment for GISTs and might become a future therapeutic option even for early gastric cancer. Interventional endoscopists and laparoscopic surgeons collaboratively explore curative resection. Simultaneous intraluminal approach with endoscopy allows surgeons to optimizes the resection area. LECS, not simple wedge resection, achieves minimally invasive treatment and allows for oncologically precise resection. We herein present detailed tips and pitfalls of LECS and discuss various technical considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Aisu
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Tenri Hospital, Tenri 632-8552, Nara, Japan
| | - Daiki Yasukawa
- Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kimura
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomohide Hori
- Department of Surgery, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama 524-8524, Shiga, Japan
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5
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Laparoscopic Endoscopic Cooperative Surgery for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2018; 28:354-358. [PMID: 30395047 DOI: 10.1097/sle.0000000000000591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With the development of laparoscopy and digestive endoscopy, multiple laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgeries (LECSs) for gastrointestinal stromal tumors have recently been developed. Classic LECS has been confirmed as a feasible and safe treatment procedure for gastrointestinal stromal tumors with regard to both short-term surgical and long-term oncological outcomes; however, classic LECS has the potential risk of gastric contents or tumor cells spilling into the abdominal cavity because the gastric wall has to be opened during the procedure. Various modified LECS techniques have aimed at further minimizing invasiveness, such as the full-thickness resection method using the nonexposure technique (combination of laparoscopic and endoscopic approaches to neoplasia with a nonexposure technique), nonexposed endoscopic wall-inversion surgery, and closed LECS. This review describes and summarizes the current LECS for gastrointestinal tumor.
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Niimi K, Ishibashi R, Mitsui T, Aikou S, Kodashima S, Yamashita H, Yamamichi N, Hirata Y, Fujishiro M, Seto Y, Koike K. Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery for gastrointestinal tumor. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2017; 5:187. [PMID: 28616402 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2017.03.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With technological progress of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the last decade, several laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgeries (LECS) for gastrointestinal tumor have recently been developed. LECS is definitely favorable to the minimization of surgical margin, which leads to functional and anatomical preservation of gastrointestinal tract. LECS for gastrointestinal tumor is mainly sorted by two categories: exposure procedures and non-exposure procedures between endoluminal and extraluminal spaces. Exposure procedures have the potential risk of gastric contents or tumor cells spilling out over the abdominal cavity, because the stomach wall has to be perforated intentionally during the procedure. In order to avoid the potential these risks, non-exposure procedures have been developed. Currently, the LECS concept has rapidly permeated for treatment of gastrointestinal tumor due to its certainty and safety, although there is still room for improvement to lessen its technical difficulty. This review describes the current LECS for gastrointestinal tumor based on the several articles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Niimi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Center for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rei Ishibashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Mitsui
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Aikou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Kodashima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroharu Yamashita
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobutake Yamamichi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hirata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Endoscopy and Endoscopic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Seto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Coratti A, Annecchiarico M, Di Marino M, Gentile E, Coratti F, Giulianotti PC. Robot-assisted gastrectomy for gastric cancer: current status and technical considerations. World J Surg 2015; 37:2771-81. [PMID: 23674257 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-013-2100-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Robot-assisted gastrectomy has been reported as a safe alternative to the conventional laparoscopy or open approach for treating early gastric carcinoma. To date, however, there are a limited number of published reports available in the literature. METHODS We assess the current status of robotic surgery in the treatment of gastric cancer, focusing on the technical details and oncological considerations. RESULTS In gastric surgery, the biggest advantage of robotic surgery is the ease and reproducibility of D2-lymphadenectomy. Reports show that even the intracorporeal digestive restoration is facilitated by use of the robotic approach, particularly following total gastrectomy. Additionally, the accuracy of robotic dissection is confirmed by decreased blood loss, as reported in series comparing robot-assisted with laparoscopic gastrectomy. The learning curve and technical reproducibility also appear to be shorter with robotic surgery and, consequently, robotics can help to standardize and diffuse minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of gastric cancer, even in the later stages. This is important because the application of minimally invasive surgery is limited by the complexity of performing a D2-lymphadenectomy. The potential to reproduce D2-lymphadenectomy, enlarged resections, and complex reconstructions provides robotic surgery with an important role in the therapeutic strategy of advanced gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS While published reports have shown no significant differences in surgical morbidity, mortality, or oncological adequacy between robot-assisted and conventional laparoscopic gastrectomy, more studies are needed to assess the indications and oncological effectiveness of robotic use in the treatment of gastric carcinoma. Herein, the authors assess the current status of robotic surgery in the treatment of gastric cancer, focusing on the technical details and oncological considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Coratti
- Department of General Surgery, Misericordia Hospital, Grosseto, Italy,
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8
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Hirahara N, Matsubara T, Kidani A, Hyakudomi R, Fujii Y, Tajima Y. A novel technique to minimize deformation of the stomach in laparoscopic partial gastrectomy for intraluminal gastric GISTs. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2014; 24:707-11. [PMID: 25181572 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2014.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The laparoscopic approach would be difficult to perform without causing deformation of the stomach in managing gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) of the intraluminal type, especially in those that are located in the posterior gastric wall or around the gastroesophageal junction and the pylorus, because intraluminal GISTs usually require an excessive resection of the gastric wall for cure. We present a novel surgical technique for successful management of intraluminal gastric GISTs that minimizes deformation of the stomach regardless of tumor location. MATERIALS AND METHODS The operating surgeon handles the tumor by holding tissue surrounding the tumor and performs seromyotomy using an ultrasonically activated device along the outer edge of the tumor. The tumor gradually protrudes like an extraluminal tumor as the seromyotomy proceeds. When seromyotomy along the tumor comes up to the point where the tumor sufficiently turns over the gastric serosa, the tumor looks like a pedunculated extraluminal GIST. Two seromuscular sutures are applied to close the exfoliated seromuscular layer. The tips of two seromuscular sutures are held and then pulled up toward the ventral side so that the staple line is aligned in line with the minor axis of the stomach. Finally, complete tumor removal with minimal seromuscular resection is accomplished by applying a linear stapler. RESULTS All patients resumed oral ingestion on the day after surgery and showed no signs of anastomotic constriction or obstruction. CONCLUSIONS Our laparoscopic procedure for gastric GISTs is simple and allows us easy and precise removal of the tumor and closure of the gastric wall with minimum necessary resection, regardless of the location and growth form of the tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Hirahara
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine , Shimane, Japan
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Does laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery for gastric submucosal tumors preserve residual gastric motility? Results of a retrospective single-center study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101337. [PMID: 24968310 PMCID: PMC4072788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) is a minimally invasive surgical technique used to resect gastric submucosal tumors with intraluminal growth. Endoscopic submucosal dissection is used to determine the appropriate resection line from within the stomach lumen as it minimizes the stomach wall resection area and prevents postoperative stomach deformity. Although LECS is intended to preserve gastric function, few reports have evaluated postoperative residual gastric motility. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent LECS to determine the effects of LECS on residual gastric motility. Methods Twenty-two patients underwent endoscopy 3 to 12 months after LECS. Patients were evaluated for endoscopic evidence of gastric motility disorder, namely food residue and occurrence/exacerbation of reflux esophagitis. We considered patients with new onset of gastric symptoms and endoscopic evidence of gastric motility disorder to have clinically relevant gastric motility disorder. We described patient characteristics, tumor location, and surgical findings. Results Two of 22 patients developed clinically relevant gastric motility disorder after LECS. In one of these patients, the symptoms were not severe; only one had reduced dietary intake and had lost weight. We identified clinically relevant gastric motility disorder in two patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors located in the lesser curvature of the stomach. The major axis of these two tumors was 34 mm and 38 mm. Conclusions Many patients did not have clinically relevant gastric motility disorder after LECS. Further investigation is required to identify predisposing factors for gastric motility disorder.
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Li HT, Han XP, Su L, Zhu WK, Xu W, Li K, Zhao QC, Yang H, Liu HB. Short-term efficacy of laparoscopy-assisted vs open radical gastrectomy in gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg 2014; 6:59-64. [PMID: 24829623 PMCID: PMC4013711 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v6.i4.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the short-term benefits of laparoscopic radical gastrectomy (LARG) and open radical gastrectomy (ORG) in patients with gastric cancer.
METHODS: A total of 400 patients with gastric cancer aged ≤ 65 years who were treated at General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Region were enrolled. Among these, 200 patients underwent LARG between October 2008 and August 2012 (LARG group); and 200 patients underwent ORG between March 2000 and September 2008 (ORG group). The short-term therapeutic benefits between the two groups were analyzed.
RESULTS: The LARG procedure offered significantly better benefits to the patients compared to the ORG procedure, including less intraoperative blood loss (103.1 ± 19.5 mL vs 163.0 ± 32.9 mL, P < 0.0001), shorter postoperative hospital stay (6.8 ± 1.2 d vs 9.5 ± 1.6 d, P < 0.0001), less frequent occurrence of postoperative complications (6.5% vs 13.5%, P = 0.02), shorter time to mobilization (1.0 ± 0.3 vs 3.3 ± 0.4 d, P < 0.0001), shorter time to bowel opening (3.3 ± 0.7 d vs 4.5 ± 0.7 d, P < 0.0001), and shorter time to normal diet (3.0 ± 0.4 vs d 3.8 ± 0.5 d, P < 0.0001). However, LARG required a longer time to complete than the ORG procedure (192.3 ± 20.9 min vs 180.0 ± 26.9 min, P < 0.0001).
CONCLUSION: Compared to ORG, LARG is safer, more effective, and less invasive for treating gastric cancer, with better short-term efficacy.
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Modified laparoscopic intragastric surgery and endoscopic full-thickness resection for gastric stromal tumor originating from the muscularis propria. Surg Endosc 2014; 28:1447-53. [PMID: 24671350 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-013-3375-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and security of the modified laparoscopic intragastric surgery (MLIGS) and the endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFR) for the treatment of gastric stromal tumors (GSTs) originating from the muscularis propria. METHODS The study population was 18 patients with GSTs of the intraluminal muscularis propria layer. Eight were treated by MLIGS performed according to the following procedures: (1) gastroscopy was used to expose and confirm the location of the tumor; (2) a laparoscope light was placed in the cavity using the trocar at the navel, with the remaining two trocars penetrating both the abdominal and stomach walls; (3) the operation was performed in the gastric lumen using laparoscopic instruments with gastroscope monitoring, and the tumor was resected; (4) the tumor tissue was removed orally using a grasping forceps; (5) and the puncture holes and perforation in the stomach were sutured using titanium clips. The remaining 10 patients were treated by EFR, which involved (1) injection of normal saline into the submucosa and precutting of the mucosal and submucosal layer around the lesion, (2) a circumferential incision as deep as the muscularis propria around the lesion, (3) an incision into the serosal layer around the lesion, (4) completion of full-thickness incision to the tumor, (5) closure of the gastric wall defect with clips. RESULTS The GSTs all were resected completely. The two groups did not differ significantly in terms of tumor size, hospital stay, or abdominal pain time. But in the MLIGS group, the operation time and blood loss were significantly decreased compared with the EFR group. No postoperative complications occurred in the MLIGS group, whereas one peritoneal abscess occurred in the EFR group. The pathology of all the resected specimens showed GST. No case of implantation or metastasis was found. CONCLUSIONS Both MLIGS and EFR are feasible and effective treatments for GSTs from the muscularis propria. Moreover, both are minimally invasive.
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Endoscopic-assisted laparoscopic surgical removal of a gastric neurofibroma in a child. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY CASE REPORTS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Marano A, Choi YY, Hyung WJ, Kim YM, Kim J, Noh SH. Robotic versus Laparoscopic versus Open Gastrectomy: A Meta-Analysis. J Gastric Cancer 2013; 13:136-48. [PMID: 24156033 PMCID: PMC3804672 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2013.13.3.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To define the role of robotic gastrectomy for the treatment of gastric cancer, the present systematic review with meta-analysis was performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive search up to July 2012 was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. All eligible studies comparing robotic gastrectomy versus laparoscopic gastrectomy or open gastrectomy were included. RESULTS Included in our meta-analysis were seven studies of 1,967 patients that compared robotic (n=404) with open (n=718) or laparoscopic (n=845) gastrectomy. In the complete analysis, a shorter hospital stay was noted with robotic gastrectomy than with open gastrectomy (weighted mean difference: -2.92, 95% confidence interval: -4.94 to -0.89, P=0.005). Additionally, there was a significant reduction in intraoperative blood loss with robotic gastrectomy compared with laparoscopic gastrectomy (weighted mean difference: -35.53, 95% confidence interval: -66.98 to -4.09, P=0.03). These advantages were at the price of a significantly prolonged operative time for both robotic gastrectomy versus laparoscopic gastrectomy (weighted mean difference: 63.70, 95% confidence interval: 44.22 to 83.17, P<0.00001) and robotic gastrectomy versus open gastrectomy (weighted mean difference: 95.83, 95% confidence interval: 54.48 to 137.18, P<0.00001). Analysis of the number of lymph nodes retrieved and overall complication rates revealed that these outcomes did not differ significantly between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer reduces intraoperative blood loss and the postoperative hospital length of stay compared with laparoscopic gastrectomy and open gastrectomy at a cost of a longer operating time. Robotic gastrectomy also provides an oncologically adequate lymphadenectomy. Additional high-quality prospective studies are recommended to better evaluate both short and long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Marano
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of General and Oncologic Surgery, SS Antonio and Biagio Hospital, Alessandria, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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14
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Qiu WQ, Zhuang J, Wang M, Liu H, Shen ZY, Xue HB, Shen L, Ge ZZ, Cao H. Minimally invasive treatment of laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery for patients with gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Dig Dis 2013; 14:469-73. [PMID: 23701957 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) for the treatment of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the data of 69 consecutive patients who underwent LECS, including laparoscopy-assisted endoscopic resection (LAER) and endoscopy-assisted laparoscopic wedge resection (EAWR), for pathologically confirmed gastric GISTs of less than 5 cm in diameter from January 2006 to October 2012. RESULTS The tumor was located at the upper third of the stomach in 22 patients, the middle third in 38 and the lower third in nine, with a mean tumor size of 2.8 ± 1.6 cm. The operating time was 81.6 ± 31.8 min in the LAER group and 86.3 ± 28.5 min in the EAWR group (P = 0.776). Intraoperative blood loss was 29.8 ± 15.4 mL in the LAER group and 31.4 ± 11.6 mL in the EAWR group (P = 0.561). Most patients had a very low or low risk of tumor recurrence, while six had an intermediate risk of tumor recurrence. The mean length of postoperative hospital stay was 4.6 days. Only two patients had postoperative complications after LECS, both of whom were treated successfully without open surgery. During a median follow-up of 35 months, all patients were disease-free, with no tumor recurrence or metastases. CONCLUSION LECS is a minimally invasive and safe alternative approach which can achieve fast recovery and satisfactory short-term outcomes for appropriately selected patients with gastric GISTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qing Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Milone L, Coratti A, Daskalaki D, Fernandes E, Giulianotti PC. [Robotic hepatobiliary and gastric surgery]. Chirurg 2013; 84:651-64. [PMID: 23942961 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-013-2581-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Hepatobiliary surgery is a challenging surgical subspecialty that requires highly specialized training and an adequate level of experience in order to be performed safely. As a result, minimally invasive hepatobiliary surgery has been met with slower acceptance as compared to other subspecialties, with many surgeons in the field still reluctant about the approach. On the other hand, gastric surgery is a very popular field of surgery with an extensive amount of literature especially regarding open and laparoscopic surgery but not much about the robotic approach especially for oncological disease. Recent development of the robotic platform has provided a tool able to overcome many of the limitations of conventional laparoscopic hepatobiliary surgery. Augmented dexterity enabled by the endowristed movements, software filtration of the surgeon's movements, and high-definition three-dimensional vision provided by the stereoscopic camera, allow for steady and careful dissection of the liver hilum structures, as well as prompt and precise endosuturing in cases of intraoperative bleeding. These advantages have fostered many centers to widen the indications for minimally invasive hepatobiliary and gastric surgery, with encouraging initial results. As one of the surgical groups that has performed the largest number of robot-assisted procedures worldwide, we provide a review of the state of the art in minimally invasive robot-assisted hepatobiliary and gastric surgery.The English full-text version of this article is available at SpringerLink (under supplemental).
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Affiliation(s)
- L Milone
- Department of Surgery, Division of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S Wood MC 958 Room 435 E, 60612, Chicago, IL, USA
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Wang W, Chen K, Xu XW, Pan Y, Mou YP. Case-matched comparison of laparoscopy-assisted and open distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:3672-3677. [PMID: 23801871 PMCID: PMC3691043 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i23.3672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To compare short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopy-assisted and open distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
METHODS: A retrospective study was performed by comparing the outcomes of 54 patients who underwent laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) with those of 54 patients who underwent open distal gastrectomy (ODG) between October 2004 and October 2007. The patients’ demographic data (age and gender), date of surgery, extent of lymphadenectomy, and differentiation and tumor-node-metastasis stage of the tumor were examined. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative recovery, complications, pathological findings, and follow-up data were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS: The mean operative time was significantly longer in the LADG group than in the ODG group (259.3 ± 46.2 min vs 199.8 ± 40.85 min; P < 0.05), whereas intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complications were significantly lower (160.2 ± 85.9 mL vs 257.8 ± 151.0 mL; 13.0% vs 24.1%, respectively, P < 0.05). In addition, the time to first flatus, time to initiate oral intake, and postoperative hospital stay were significantly shorter in the LADG group than in the ODG group (3.9 ± 1.4 d vs 4.4 ± 1.5 d; 4.6 ± 1.2 d vs 5.6 ± 2.1 d; and 9.5 ± 2.7 d vs 11.1 ± 4.1 d, respectively; P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the LADG group and ODG group with regard to the number of harvested lymph nodes. The median follow-up was 60 mo (range, 5-97 mo). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 94.3%, 90.2%, and 76.7%, respectively, in the LADG group and 89.5%, 84.7%, and 82.3%, respectively, in the ODG group. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 98.0%, 91.9%, and 81.1%, respectively, in the LADG group and 91.5%, 86.9%, and 82.1%, respectively, in the ODG group. There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to the survival rate.
CONCLUSION: LADG is suitable and minimally invasive for treating distal gastric cancer and can achieve similar long-term results to ODG.
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Dong HY, Wang YL, Li J, Pang QP, Li GD, Jia XY. New-style laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery for gastric stromal tumors. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:2550-2554. [PMID: 23674858 PMCID: PMC3646147 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i16.2550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a new style of laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS), an improved method of laparoscopic intragastric surgery (LIGS) for the treatment of gastric stromal tumors (GSTs).
METHODS: Six patients were treated with the new-style LECS. Surgery was performed according to the following procedures: (1) Exposing and confirming the location of the tumor with gastroscopy; (2) A laparoscopy light was placed in the cavity using the trocar at the navel, and the other two trocars penetrated both the abdominal and stomach walls; (3) With gastroscopy monitoring, the operation was carried out in the gastric lumen using laparoscopic instruments and the tumor was resected; and (4) The tumor tissue was removed orally using a gastroscopy basket, and puncture holes and perforations were sutured using titanium clips.
RESULTS: Tumor size ranged from 2.0 to 4.5 cm (average 3.50 ± 0.84 cm). The operative time ranged from 60 to 130 min (average 83.33 ± 26.58 min). Blood loss was less than 20 mL and hospital stay ranged from 6 to 8 d (average 6.67 ± 0.82 d). The patients were allowed out of bed 12 h later. A stomach tube was inserted for 72 h after surgery, and a liquid diet was then taken. All cases had single tumors which were completely resected using the new-style LECS. No postoperative complications occurred. Pathology of all resected specimens showed GST: no cases of implantation or metastasis were found.
CONCLUSION: New-style LECS for GSTs is a quick, optimized, fast recovery, safe and effective therapy.
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Ganai S, Prachand VN, Posner MC, Alverdy JC, Choi E, Hussain M, Waxman I, Patti MG, Roggin KK. Predictors of unsuccessful laparoscopic resection of gastric submucosal neoplasms. J Gastrointest Surg 2013; 17:244-55; discussion 255-6. [PMID: 23225195 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-012-2095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While laparoscopy has become integral to the performance of foregut surgery, its optimal use in resection of gastric submucosal neoplasms, including gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), remains uncertain. Concern exists for technical feasibility related to tumor size and location, as well as oncologic outcome. METHODS From 2002 to 2012, 106 patients underwent resection for gastric submucosal neoplasms, comprising 79 laparoscopic and 27 open resections. Median follow-up was 15 months. RESULTS Patients were 62 ± 14 years and 56 % male. Mean tumor size was 5.5 ± 4.3 cm, with 76 % being GISTs. A total of 8 (10 %) conversions occurred in the laparoscopic cohort. On multivariate analysis, conversion was predicted by size greater than 8 cm, while recurrence was predicted by mitotic index (p < 0.05). Laparoscopic resection resulted in better perioperative outcomes, with less morbidity, operative time, blood loss, and length of stay (p < 0.05). No significant difference was seen in survival, with 90 % and 81 % alive 3 years after laparoscopic and open resection, respectively (HR 0.4; 95 % CI 0.1-1.3; p = 0.13). CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic resection is feasible and effective in the management of gastric submucosal neoplasms, including GISTs. Caution should be reserved for tumors greater than 8 cm. Oncologic outcome appears to be predicted by tumor biology as opposed to surgical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabha Ganai
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Wang XD, Wang BL, Chu CS, Wang X, Zhao QH, Li CY. Endoscopy-assisted laparoscopic management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: An analysis of 20 cases. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:188-192. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i2.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the safety and feasibility of endoscopy-assisted laparoscopic resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
METHODS: The clinical data for 95 patients who underwent resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumors by endoscopy-assisted laparoscopic technique, pure laparoscopic technique or traditional open surgery in the Digestive Medical Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2008 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. The operative time, blood loss, time to postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function, time to ambulation and postoperative length of hospital stay were compared between different groups.
RESULTS: All surgeries were completed successfully without death or postoperative complications. None of recurrence or metastasis was found. The operative time was 63.0 min ± 7.8 min, 81.6 min ± 6.0 min and 134.9 min ± 12.9 min in the endoscopy-assisted laparoscopy group, pure laparoscopy group and open surgery group, respectively; the blood loss was 24.5 mL ± 4.6 mL, 27.1 mL ± 7.1 mL and 112.4 mL ± 22.5 mL; the time to recovery of gastrointestinal function was 33.4 h ± 2.7 h, 34.6 h ± 5.2 h and 36.9 h ± 3.2 h; the time to ambulation was 37.1 h ± 4.8 h, 38.0 h ± 3.7 h and 48.6 h ± 4.0 h; and the postoperative length of hospital stay was 7.8 d ± 1.4 d, 8.1 d ± 1.2 d and 9.4 d ± 1.8 d. The operative time was significantly lower in the endoscopy-assisted laparoscopy group than in the pure laparoscopy group (P = 0.000). The operative time, blood loss, time to recovery of gastrointestinal function, time to ambulation and postoperative length of hospital stay were significantly lower in the endoscopy-assisted laparoscopy group than in the open surgery group (all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Endoscopy-assisted laparoscopy is a safe and feasible technique for treating gastrointestinal stromal tumors. It has the advantages of minimal invasiveness, accurate positioning, and rapid postoperative recovery. The short-term effect of endoscopy-assisted laparoscopy in managing gastrointestinal stromal tumors is satisfactory, while the long-term results remain to be investigated.
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Park JY, Jo MJ, Nam BH, Kim Y, Eom BW, Yoon HM, Ryu KW, Kim YW, Lee JH. Surgical stress after robot-assisted distal gastrectomy and its economic implications. Br J Surg 2012; 99:1554-61. [PMID: 23027072 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.8887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of reports evaluating the outcomes of robotic gastrectomy and conventional laparoscopic surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the surgical stress response and costs of robot-assisted distal gastrectomy (RADG) with those of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG). METHODS This prospective study compared a cohort of patients who had RADG with a cohort that underwent conventional LADG for early gastric cancer between March 2010 and May 2011. The surgical outcomes including Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status and complications, surgical stress response and overall costs were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Thirty patients were enrolled in the RADG group and 120 in the LADG group. There were no conversions. Median duration of operation was longer in the RADG group (218 (interquartile range 200-254) versus 140 (118-175) min; P < 0·001). Postoperative abdominal drain production was less (P = 0·001) and postoperative performance status was worse (P < 0·001) in the RADG group. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels on postoperative days 1 and 3, and interleukin (IL) 6 level on the third postoperative day, were lower in the LADG compared with the RADG group (CRP: P = 0·002 and P = 0·014 respectively; IL-6: P < 0·001). Costs for robotic surgery were much higher than for laparoscopic surgery (difference €3189). CONCLUSION RADG did not reduce surgical stress compared with LADG. The substantial RADG costs due to robotic system expenses may not be justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Park
- Gastric Cancer Branch, National Cancer Centre, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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21
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Kono E, Tomizawa Y, Matsuo T, Nomura S. Rating and issues of mechanical anastomotic staplers in surgical practice: a survey of 241 Japanese gastroenterological surgeons. Surg Today 2012; 42:962-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-012-0303-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Etoh T, Inomata M, Shiraishi N, Kitano S. Minimally invasive approaches for gastric cancer-Japanese experiences. J Surg Oncol 2012; 107:282-8. [PMID: 22504947 DOI: 10.1002/jso.23128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Since development of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy with lymph node dissection in 1991 in Japan, laparoscopic gastrectomy (LAG) is improving and evolving. Recently, advanced LAG techniques including D2 lymph node dissection or anastomosis after total gastrectomy have been developed. Retrospective and prospective multicenter studies have been conducted for early and non-early gastric cancers to establish high-quality evidence. This review summarizes the current trends of minimally invasive approaches for gastric cancer based on current Japanese experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Etoh
- Department of Surgery I, Oita University, Oita, Japan.
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Viñuela EF, Gonen M, Brennan MF, Coit DG, Strong VE. Laparoscopic versus open distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and high-quality nonrandomized studies. Ann Surg 2012; 255:446-56. [PMID: 22330034 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0b013e31824682f4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform a meta-analysis of high-quality published trials, randomized and observational, comparing laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG) and open distal gastrectomy (ODG) for gastric cancer. BACKGROUND Controversy persists about the clinical utility of minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of gastric cancer. Prospective data is limited to a few small randomized trails. METHODS : Studies published from January 1992 to March 2010 that compare LDG and ODG were identified. No restrictions in pathologic stage were applied. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Selection of high-quality, nonrandomized comparative studies (NRCTs) was based on a validated tool (Methodological Index for Nonrandomized Studies). Mortality, complications, harvested lymph nodes, operative time, blood loss, and hospital stay were compared using weighted mean differences (WMDs) and odds ratios (ORs). RESULTS Twenty-five studies were included in the analyses, 6 RCTs and 19 NRCTs, compromising 3055 patients (1658 LDG, 1397 ODG). LDG was associated with longer operative times (WMD 48.3 minutes; P < 0.001) and lower overall complications (OR 0.59; P < 0.001), medical complications (OR 0.49; P = 0.002), minor surgical complications (OR 0.62; P = 0.001), estimated blood loss (WMD -118.9 mL; P < 0.001), and hospital stay (WMD -3.6 days; P < 0.001). Mortality and major complications were similar. Patients in the ODG group had a significantly higher number of lymph nodes harvested (WMD 3.9 nodes; P < 0.001), although the estimated proportion of patients with less than 15 retrieved nodes was similar (OR 1.26, P = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS LDG can be performed safely with a shorter hospital stay and fewer complications than open surgery. The long-term significance of a difference of less than 5 nodes in the number of harvested lymph nodes remains unclear. Lymph node staging appears to be unaffected. These results need to be validated in Western patients with advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo F Viñuela
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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24
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Inoue H, Ikeda H, Hosoya T, Yoshida A, Onimaru M, Suzuki M, Kudo SE. Endoscopic mucosal resection, endoscopic submucosal dissection, and beyond: full-layer resection for gastric cancer with nonexposure technique (CLEAN-NET). Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2012; 21:129-40. [PMID: 22098836 DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2011.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal cancer in the gastrointestinal tract generally has low risk of lymph node metastasis. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are techniques of local excision of neoplasia confined to the mucosal layer. Specimens from EMR/ESD contribute to several diagnoses, and histologic results affect treatment decisions. A combined laparoscopic and endoscopic approach to neoplasia with a nonexposure technique allows full-thickness resection of the stomach wall without exposing the gastric lumen to the peritoneal cavity, preventing cancer cell dissemination to the peritoneal cavity. This article reviews EMR/ESD and describes a new full-thickness resection method using the nonexposure technique (CLEAN-NET).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiro Inoue
- Showa University International Training Center for Endoscopy, Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
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Nanoscale iodized oil emulsion: a useful tracer for pretreatment sentinel node detection using CT lymphography in a normal canine gastric model. Surg Endosc 2012; 26:2267-74. [PMID: 22350230 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-012-2170-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pretreatment identification of the sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in gastric cancer patients may have great advantages for minimally invasive treatment. No reliable method for the detection of SLNs during the pretreatment period in gastric cancer has been established. The aim of this study was to determine whether computed tomographic (CT) lymphography using nanoscale iodized oil emulsion via endoscopic submucosal injection can visualize LNs. METHODS Five dogs underwent CT lymphography after endoscopic submucosal injection of 2 ml of a nanoscale iodized oil emulsion. CT images were taken before and 30, 90, and 210 min after contrast injection. Intraoperative SLN detection was performed using endoscopically injected indocyanine green lymphography for comparison. RESULTS Computed tomographic lymphography with nanoscale iodized oil emulsion enabled the visualization of 19 enhanced LNs (mean = 3.8/dog, range = 3-6) with a 100% SLN detection rate. The locations of the SLNs were the lesser curvature (n = 7), greater curvature (n = 1), infrapyloric (n = 3), and left gastric (n = 8) areas. Contrast enhancement of SLNs continuously increased and peaked after 210 min at 142.4 ± 42.3 HU. No green LNs were visualized in the three locations that were detected by CT lymphography. However, no additional LNs were visualized using the dye method. The concordance rate based on the LNs between the SLNs on CT lymphography and the green LNs using the ICG method was 84% (16/19), whereas the concordance rate of the stations identified by CT lymphography and the dye method was 78.6% (11/14). CONCLUSIONS Computed tomographic lymphography using nanoscale iodized oil emulsion is a promising tool for preoperative SLN detection for early gastric cancer if the biological safety of the nanoscale iodized oil emulsion can be established.
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Zhang H, Zhao Q. Application of endoscopy in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2011; 19:3332-3337. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v19.i32.3332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the most common cancer of the gastrointestinal tract, whose incidence and mortality are always high. Endoscopy and pathological examination are the most basic ways to diagnose this malignancy, but the rate of its early diagnosis was very low. In recent years, the emergence of chromoendoscopy, magnification endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography, narrow band imaging endoscopy, autofluorescence imaging endoscopy and confocal laser endomicroscopy has significantly improved the detection of gastric cancer, and these new techniques play an important role in the diagnosis of this disease. Here we summarize the application of endoscopy in the diagnosis of gastric cancer.
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Baek SJ, Lee DW, Park SS, Kim SH. Current status of robot-assisted gastric surgery. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2011; 3:137-43. [PMID: 22046490 PMCID: PMC3205112 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v3.i10.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In an effort to minimize the limitations of laparoscopy, a robotic surgery system was introduced, but its role for gastric cancer is still unclear. The objective of this article is to assess the current status of robotic surgery for gastric cancer and to predict future prospects. Although the current study was limited by its small number of patients and retrospective nature, robot-assisted gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy for the treatment of gastric cancer is a feasible and safe procedure for experienced laparoscopic surgeons. Most studies have reported satisfactory results for postoperative short-term coutcomes, such as: postoperative oral feeding, gas out, hospital stay and complications, compared with laparoscopic surgery; the difference is a longer operation time. However, robotic surgery showed a shallow learning curve compared with the familarity of conventional open surgery; after the accumulation of several cases, robotic surgery could be expected to result in a similar operation time. Robotic-assisted gastrectomy can expand the indications of minimally invasive surgery to include advanced gastric cancer by improving the ability to perform lymphadenectomy. Moreover, ”total” robotic gastrectomy can be facilitated using a robot-sewing technique and gastric submucosal tumors near the gastroesophageal junction or pylorus can be resected safely by this novel technique. In conclusion, robot-assisted gastrectomy may offer a good alternative to conventional open or laparoscopic surgery for gastric cancer, provided that long-term oncologic outcomes can be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Jin Baek
- Se-Jin Baek, Dong-Woo Lee, Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, MIS and Robotic Surgery Center, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 136-705, South Korea
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Yu YH, Gao SL. Diagnosis of gastrointestinal mucosal and submucosal protuberant lesions by endoscopic ultrasonography: an analysis of 432 cases. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2011; 19:1745-1748. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v19.i16.1745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the clinical value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the diagnosis of mucosal and submucosal protuberant lesions of the digestive tract.
METHODS: A total of 3 100 patients with mucosal and submucosal protuberant lesions of the digestive tract who underwent EUS before operation were retrospectively analyzed, and 432 patients who also underwent postoperative pathological examination after endoscopic biopsy, endoscopic resection, EUS or ESD were included in this study. The results of preoperative examination were compared with those of postoperative pathological diagnosis.
RESULTS: The diagnostic coincidence rate between pathological examination and EUS was 88.18% (306/347) for mucosal protuberant lesions, 55.29% (47/85) for submucosal protuberant lesions, and 81.71% (353/432) for all protuberant lesions. Rare diseases and diseases not listed in the endoscopic ultrasound map accounted for a major share of the non-coincidence cases.
CONCLUSION: EUS can help judge the origin, characteristics of echo, as well as tumor size, margin for protuberant lesions of the digestive tract, but can not accurately identify the nature of the disease. Pathological examination following endoscopic biopsy, surgery, ESD or EMR is necessary in patients with a doubtful diagnosis.
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Transcutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring accurately predicts arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure in patients undergoing prolonged laparoscopic surgery. Anesth Analg 2010; 111:417-20. [PMID: 20584872 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181e30b54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There may be large differences between measurements of end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (Petco(2)) and arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (Paco(2)) during laparoscopic surgeries. Transcutaneous carbon dioxide (Ptcco(2)) monitoring can be used to noninvasively and continuously estimate Paco(2). In the present study we evaluated the accuracy of Ptcco(2) monitoring in predicting the Paco(2) during laparoscopic surgeries with prolonged pneumoperitoneum. METHODS Sixteen patients who underwent laparoscopic radical gastrectomy or radical proctectomy under general anesthesia were included in the study. Their Paco(2), Petco(2), and Ptcco(2) values were measured at 3 time points before and after pneumoperitoneum. Agreement among measures was assessed by the Bland-Altman method. RESULTS Forty-eight sample sets were obtained. The average Paco(2)- Ptcco(2) difference was -0.9 + or - 6.4 mm Hg (mean + or - 2 SD). The average Paco(2) - Petco(2) difference was 7.5 + or - 7.0 mm Hg (mean + or - 2 SD). Paco(2) - Ptcco(2) was less than or equal to + or -5 mm Hg for 88% of the samples. Paco(2) - Petco(2) was less than or equal to + or -5 mm Hg for 17% of the samples (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS While undergoing long-term pneumoperitoneum laparoscopic surgery, Ptcco(2) monitoring is more accurate than is PETCO(2) monitoring in predicting the patients' Paco(2).
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Kitano S, Shiraishi N. Laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy with jejunal pouch interposition. Ann Surg Oncol 2010; 17:1987-8. [PMID: 20443143 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-010-1100-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Hyung WJ, Kim YS, Lim JS, Kim MJ, Noh SH, Kim KW. Preoperative imaging of sentinel lymph nodes in gastric cancer using CT lymphography. Yonsei Med J 2010; 51:407-13. [PMID: 20376894 PMCID: PMC2852797 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2010.51.3.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Preoperative identification of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) in gastric cancer (GC) patients may have great advantages for the minimally invasive treatment. This study was performed to evaluate the possibility of preoperative SLN detection using CT lymphography. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourteen patients with early GC were enrolled. CT images were obtained before and at 1, 3, and 5 minutes after endoscopic submucosal peritumoral injection of 2 mL iopamidol. For patients with clearly identified SLNs, to make comparisons with the CT lymphography results, intraoperative SLN detection was performed using subserosally injected Indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography and ex vivo ICG and iopamidol lymphography using mammography was also performed. RESULTS CT lymphography clearly visualized draining lymphatics and SLNs in 4 (28.6%) out of 14 patients. All clearly visualized SLNs (one to three SLNs per patient) under preoperative imaging were detected in the same location by intraoperative ICG lymphography and ex vivo ICG and iopamidol lymphography using mammography. All preoperative SLN detections were observed with the primary tumors in the lower third of the stomach. CONCLUSION Although our study demonstrated a SLN detection rate of less than 30%, CT lymphography with radio-contrast showed potential as a method of preoperative SLN detection for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jin Hyung
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Insititute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Seok Lim
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Insititute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myeong-Jin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Insititute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Noh
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Insititute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Whang Kim
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Insititute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Wong DCT, Wong SKH, Leung ALH, Chung CCC, Li MKW. Combined endolaparoscopic intragastric excision for gastric neoplasms. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2010; 19:765-70. [PMID: 19645605 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2009.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to describe our technique of combined endolaparoscopic approach to the management of intraluminal gastric neoplasms and to review the clinical outcome. METHODS Between February 2006 and January 2008, a total of 12 patients with gastric neoplasm < or =4 cm with a mainly intraluminal component received the combined endolaparoscopic intragastric excision and were prospectively analyzed. All lesions were localized endoscopically and then treated by using a combined endoscopic submucosal dissection and laparoscopic intragastric technique. RESULTS Eight of 12 lesions were gastrointestinal stromal tumours. The remaining lesions were adenomatous polyp with focal intramucosal adenocarcinoma, leiomyoma, and pancreatic heterotopia. All except 1 case was successfully treated with this technique (91.6%). There were no mortalities, and there was only 1 case of reactionary hemorrhage from the port site requiring a reoperation. The median operating time was 120 minutes, with a median blood loss of 35 mL. Length of hospital stay ranged from 3 to 12 days. There were no recurrences during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS This combined endolaparoscopic intragastric excision technique is a truly minimally invasive alternative for selected gastric neoplasm. It is safe and feasible with a satisfactory short-term outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis C T Wong
- Department of Surgery, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Kharbutli B, Velanovich V. Gastrointestinal symptomatic outcomes of laparoscopic and open gastrectomy. World J Gastrointest Surg 2009; 1:56-8. [PMID: 21160796 PMCID: PMC2999106 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v1.i1.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2009] [Revised: 08/25/2009] [Accepted: 09/02/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To compare the laparoscopic and the open gastrectomy approaches for short term morbidity, length of hospital stay and also long term gastrointestinal symptoms.
METHODS: Patients who have undergone gastrectomy had their medical records reviewed for demographic data, type of gastrectomy, short term morbidity, and length of hospital stay. Patients were contacted and asked to complete the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS). The GSRS measures three domains of GI symptoms: Dyspepsia Syndrome (DS) for the foregut (best score 0, worse score 15), indigestion syndrome (IS) for the midgut (best score 0, worse score 12), and bowel dysfunction syndrome (BDS) for the hindgut (best score 0, worse score 16). Statistical analysis was done using the Mann-Whitney U-test.
RESULTS: We had complete data on 32 patients: 7 laparoscopic and 25 open. Of these, 25 had a gastroenteric anastomosis and 6 did not. The table shows the results as medians with interquartile range. Laparoscopic gastrectomy had a better score than open gastrectomy in the DS domain (0 vs 1, P = 0.02), while gastrectomy without anastomosis had a better score than gastrectomy with anastomosis in the IS domain (0 vs 1, P = 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Patients have little adverse gastrointestinal symptoms and preserve good gastrointestinal function after undergoing any type of gastrectomy. Laparoscopic approach had better dyspepsia and foregut symptoms. Performing an anastomosis led to mild adverse midgut and indigestion effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Kharbutli
- Bilal Kharbutli, Vic Velanovich, Division of General Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
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Kanno H, Kiyama T, Fujita I, Tani A, Kato S, Tajiri T, Barbul A. Laparoscopic Surgery Improves Blood Glucose Homeostasis and Insulin Resistance Following Distal Gastrectomy for Cancer. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2009; 33:686-90. [DOI: 10.1177/0148607109333003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Kanno
- From the Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical
School, Tokyo, Japan; and Department of Surgery,
Sinai Hospital of Baltimore and the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,
Maryland
| | - Teruo Kiyama
- From the Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical
School, Tokyo, Japan; and Department of Surgery,
Sinai Hospital of Baltimore and the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,
Maryland
| | - Itsuo Fujita
- From the Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical
School, Tokyo, Japan; and Department of Surgery,
Sinai Hospital of Baltimore and the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,
Maryland
| | - Aya Tani
- From the Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical
School, Tokyo, Japan; and Department of Surgery,
Sinai Hospital of Baltimore and the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,
Maryland
| | - Shunji Kato
- From the Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical
School, Tokyo, Japan; and Department of Surgery,
Sinai Hospital of Baltimore and the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,
Maryland
| | - Takashi Tajiri
- From the Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical
School, Tokyo, Japan; and Department of Surgery,
Sinai Hospital of Baltimore and the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,
Maryland
| | - Adrian Barbul
- From the Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical
School, Tokyo, Japan; and Department of Surgery,
Sinai Hospital of Baltimore and the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,
Maryland
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Robot-assisted gastrectomy with lymph node dissection for gastric cancer: lessons learned from an initial 100 consecutive procedures. Ann Surg 2009; 249:927-32. [PMID: 19474671 DOI: 10.1097/01.sla.0000351688.64999.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the technical feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of robot-assisted gastrectomy (RAG) with lymphadenectomy, using the da Vinci system through analyses of our initial series of 100 consecutive patients. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA The application of robotic surgery was proven to be one of the best cutting-edge technologies for successful minimally invasive surgery by providing solutions to the many drawbacks of laparoscopic surgery, yet few reports have studied robotic surgery in gastric cancer. METHODS A review of a prospectively designed database at our institute from July 2005 to October 2007 revealed a series of 100 consecutive RAG patients with a preoperative diagnosis of early gastric cancer. Clinicopathologic characteristics and surgical outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS All operations were performed successfully without open or laparoscopic conversion. There were 33 total gastrectomies and 67 subtotal gastrectomies with D1+beta or extended lymphadenectomy (D2). The mean total operation time and console time were 231 and 150 minutes, respectively. There were 13 postoperative morbidities and 1 postoperative mortality. The first flatus was noted on postoperative day 2.9, soft diet was started on postoperative day 4.2, and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 7.8 days. Although all patients were diagnosed as early gastric cancer preoperatively, the final pathology report revealed that 19 patients exhibited a depth deeper than T2. The mean number of retrieved lymph nodes was 36.7 (range, 11-83). None of the specimens showed microscopic tumor involvement in the resection line. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that RAG with lymphadenectomy can be applied safely and effectively for patients with gastric cancer.
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Strong VE, Devaud N, Allen PJ, Gonen M, Brennan MF, Coit D. Laparoscopic versus open subtotal gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma: a case-control study. Ann Surg Oncol 2009; 16:1507-13. [PMID: 19347407 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-009-0386-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2008] [Revised: 01/24/2009] [Accepted: 01/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to compare technical feasibility and oncologic efficacy of totally laparoscopic versus open subtotal gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma. BACKGROUND Laparoscopic gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma is emerging in the West as a technique that may offer benefits for patients, although large-scale studies are lacking. METHODS This study was designed as a case-controlled study from a prospective gastric cancer database. Thirty consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma were compared with 30 patients undergoing open subtotal gastrectomy. Controls were matched for stage, age, and gender via a statistically generated selection of all gastrectomies performed during the same period of time. Patient demographics, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, histologic features, location of tumor, lymph node retrieval, recurrence, margins, and early and late postoperative complications were compared. RESULTS Tumor location and histology were similar between the two groups. Median operative time for the laparoscopic approach was 270 min (range 150-485 min) compared with median of 126 min (range 85-205 min) in the open group (p < 0.01). Hospital length of stay after laparoscopic gastrectomy was 5 days (range 2-26 days), compared with 7 days (range 5-30 days) in the open group (p = 0.01). Postoperative pain, as measured by number of days of IV narcotic use, was significantly lower for laparoscopic patients, with a median of 3 days (range 0-11 days) compared with 4 days (range 1-13 days) in the open group (p < 0.01). Postoperative early complications trended towards a decrease for laparoscopic versus open surgery patients (p = 0.07); however, there were significantly more late complications for the open group (p = 0.03). Short-term recurrence-free survival and margin status was similar between the two groups (p = not significant) with adequate lymph node retrieval in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma is comparable to the open approach with regard to oncologic principles of resection, with equivalent margin status and adequate lymph node retrieval, demonstrating technically feasibility and equivalent short-term recurrence-free survival. Additional benefits of decreased postoperative complications, decreased length of hospital stay, and decreased narcotic use make this a preferable approach for selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Sun S, Ge N, Wang S, Liu X, Lü Q. EUS-assisted band ligation of small duodenal stromal tumors and follow-up by EUS. Gastrointest Endosc 2009; 69:492-6. [PMID: 19136107 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2008.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2008] [Accepted: 05/07/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duodenal GI stromal tumors (GISTs), with potential for malignant transformation, arise in muscularis propria. It is difficult to endoscopically resect lesions in the muscularis propria by using standard electrosurgical techniques. OBJECTIVES Our purpose was to investigate the efficacy of a new method for resection of these tumors, EUS-assisted band ligation. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Shenjing Hospital of China Medical University. PATIENTS Nineteen elderly or high surgical risk patients with small duodenal GISTs. INTERVENTION A standard endoscope with a transparent cap attached to the tip was used. The cap was placed over the lesion, maximum sustained suction was applied, and an elastic band was released around the base. EUS was used to determine whether the hypoechoic mass was confined completely by the band. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Beginning 2 weeks after banding, the lesions were observed endoscopically once per week until healing was complete. Thereafter, all patients underwent EUS every 2 to 3 months on schedule. RESULTS The tumors sloughed completely. The mean time required for complete healing after band ligation was 4.7 weeks. Bleeding occurred in 2 patients 7 days after ligation because the lesion sloughed. The bleeding was self-limiting and not life threatening. No perforation or other complications occurred. Follow-up ranged from 18 to 63 months, during which time no recurrence was observed. LIMITATION New technique with limited data. CONCLUSION EUS-assisted band ligation with systematic follow-up by EUS is an effective and safe treatment for small duodenal GISTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Sun
- Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Endoscopic full-thickness resection with laparoscopic assistance as hybrid NOTES for gastric submucosal tumor. Surg Endosc 2009; 23:1908-13. [PMID: 19184206 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-008-0317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2008] [Revised: 11/10/2008] [Accepted: 12/16/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Laparoscopic wedge resection using a linear stapler is widely accepted as a treatment for gastric submucosal tumor (SMT). Although this surgery is simple, it can lead to excessive normal tissue removal. To avoid the latter, we have introduced endoscopic full-thickness resection with laparoscopic assistance, known as laparoscopy-assisted endoscopic full-thickness resection (LAEFR). Herein, we present the preliminary results of LAEFR for gastric SMT patients. METHODS Four patients with gastric SMT underwent LAEFR. LAEFR consists of four major procedures: (1) a circumferential incision as deep as the submucosal layer around the lesion by the endoscopic submucosal dissection technique, (2) endoscopic full-thickness (from the muscle layer to the serosal layer) incision around the three-fourths or two-thirds circumference on the above-mentioned submucosal incision under laparoscopic supervision, (3) completion of the full-thickness incision laparoscopically from inside the peritoneal cavity, and (4) handsewn closure of the gastric-wall defect. RESULTS LAEFR was successfully carried out without any intraoperative or postoperative adverse events. Mean operating time and estimated blood loss were 201 min and 27 mL, respectively. Contrast roentgenography on postoperative day 3 showed neither gastric deformity nor disturbance of gastric emptying in all the patients. CONCLUSIONS LAEFR may be considered one of the so-called hybrid natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) techniques because a peroral endoscope advances into the peritoneal cavity. LAEFR enabled whole-layer excision as small as possible with an adequate margin. LAEFR is a safe and minimally invasive treatment for patients with gastric SMT, and could be a more reasonable and economical alternative to other laparoscopic procedures.
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Kiyama T, Fujita I, Kanno H, Tani A, Yoshiyuki T, Kato S, Tajiri T, Barbul A. Laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. J Gastrointest Surg 2008; 12:1807-11. [PMID: 18683012 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-008-0599-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2008] [Accepted: 06/25/2008] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and value of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) for early stage gastric cancer (stages IA, IB, and II). MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively assessed 101 cases treated by LADG and compared to 49 contemporaneous cases treated by open distal gastrectomy (DG) between 2001 and 2006. Clinical variables, such as tumor diameter, operation time, blood loss, number of lymph nodes dissected, and length of stay were investigated. RESULTS Tumor size (mm) was significantly smaller in the LADG group (p < 0.0001). Although operation time (min) in the two groups was similar (278 +/- 57 vs. 268 +/- 55), mean blood loss was significantly higher in the DG group (139 +/- 181 vs. 460 +/- 301, p < 0.0001). Fewer lymph nodes were harvested in the LADG group (27 +/- 14 vs. 34 +/- 19, p = 0.012). Hospital stay was longer in the DG group (13.3 +/- 8.5 vs. 16.7 +/- 10.5, p = 0.034). There was no mortality in either group. Postoperative surgical complications occurred in six (6%) of the LADG and four (8%) of the DG. CONCLUSIONS The authors conclude that laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy is a safe and useful operation for early-stage gastric cancers. If patients are selected properly, laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy can be a curative and minimally invasive treatment for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruo Kiyama
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan.
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Lee MW, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Lee JM, Lee JY, Park EA, Choi JY, Han JK, Yang HK, Lee HJ, Choi BI. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach: preliminary results of preoperative evaluation with CT gastrography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 33:255-61. [PMID: 17619099 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-007-9253-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine whether CT gastrography can be used as a comprehensive imaging modality for the evaluation of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the stomach. METHODS Thirty patients with gastric GISTs were included. Using CT gastrography, two radiologists determined the morphology, location, size of the tumor, and the nearest distance from the tumor to the gastroesophageal junction or pylorus in consensus. The ability of 3D CT gastrography in dealing with surface-shaded/transparent images and virtual endoscopic images was also evaluated and compared with the results of barium study and gastroscopy, respectively. RESULTS In regard to lesion morphology and location, almost perfect agreements (kappa = 0.87 approximately 1.00) were achieved between CT gastrography and surgery, and the difference in lesion size between CT and surgery was not statistically significant (P = 0.824). In terms of the distance from the tumor to the gastroesophageal junction or pylorus, a statistically significant difference was found between the laparoscopic and open gastric surgery groups (P < 0.001). Findings on CT gastrography were mostly similar or superior to those seen on barium study and gastroscopy. CONCLUSIONS CT gastrography can serve as a comprehensive imaging test for the preoperative evaluation of gastric GIST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Woo Lee
- Department of Radiology, Konkuk University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Zhu QL, Zheng MH, Feng B, Lu AG, Wang ML, Li JW, Hu WG, Zang L, Mao ZH, Dong F, Ma JJ, Zong YP. Simultaneous laparoscopy-assisted low anterior resection and distal gastrectomy for synchronous carcinoma of rectum and stomach. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14:3435-7. [PMID: 18528944 PMCID: PMC2716601 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.14.3435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Laparoscopic resection of rectal cancer or gastric cancer has been advocated for the benefits of a reduced morbidity, a shorter treatment time, and similar outcomes. However, simultaneous laparoscopy-assisted low anterior resection and distal gastrectomy for synchronous carcinoma of rectum and stomach are rarely documented in literature. Endoscopic examination revealed a synchronous carcinoma of rectum and stomach in a 55-year-old male patient with rectal bleeding and epigastric discomfort. He underwent a simultaneous laparoscopy-assisted low anterior resection and distal gastrectomy with regional lymph nodes dissected. The operation time was 270 min and the estimated blood loss was 120 mL. The patient required parenteral analgesia for less than 24 h. Flatus was passed on postoperative day 3, and a solid diet was resumed on postoperative day 7. He was discharged on postoperative day 13. With the advances in laparoscopic technology and experience, simultaneous resection is an attractive alternative to a synchronous gastrointestinal cancer.
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Hwang SH, Park DJ, Kim YH, Lee KH, Lee HS, Kim HH, Lee HJ, Yang HK, Lee KU. Laparoscopic surgery for submucosal tumors located at the esophagogastric junction and the prepylorus. Surg Endosc 2008; 23:1980-7. [PMID: 18470554 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-008-9955-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2007] [Revised: 02/18/2008] [Accepted: 04/05/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic partial gastric resection is widely accepted as a treatment for gastric submucosal tumors (SMTs). However, SMTs of either end of the stomach are generally managed by subtotal gastrectomies or total gastrectomies. This study was conducted to evaluate surgical techniques for management of SMTs located at the ends of the stomach. METHODS Among 63 patients who were diagnosed and underwent laparoscopic surgery for gastric SMTs at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from May 2003 to May 2007, 11 SMTs located at the ends of the stomach were identified. The clinicopathologic results of these 11 SMTs were analyzed. RESULTS Laparoscopic partial wedge resections or tumor excisions were successfully performed on all patients except for those who had prepyloric tumors. Six men and five women had SMTs at the ends of the stomach. The patients ranged in age from 21-63 years (mean 43.4 +/- 13.5 years). Of six esophagogastric junctional tumors that showed low, homogeneous contrast enhancement on computed tomography (CT) scans, five were treated by laparoscopic transgastric enucleation and one by tumor-everting resection. One esophagogastric junctional tumor that leaned toward the fundus and showed a 6-cm-diameter endophytic mass with heterogeneous enhancement on CT scan was resected by laparoscopic wedge resection. The mean operation time was 100 min (range 60-210 min). Three laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomies and one laparoscopic wedge resection were performed on SMTs located near the prepyloric antrum. There were no intra- or postoperative complications. Duration of postoperative hospital stay ranged from 4-7 days. CONCLUSION Laparoscopic local resection is an effective treatment for SMTs located at the esophagogastric junction and can be used instead of a total or proximal gastrectomy. However, gastrectomies should be considered for SMTs located near the pylorus because of the small volume of the lower third of the stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hwi Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi, Korea
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Hiki N, Yamamoto Y, Fukunaga T, Yamaguchi T, Nunobe S, Tokunaga M, Miki A, Ohyama S, Seto Y. Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery for gastrointestinal stromal tumor dissection. Surg Endosc 2007; 22:1729-35. [PMID: 18074180 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-007-9696-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2007] [Revised: 08/14/2007] [Accepted: 10/31/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic wedge resections are increasingly applied for gastric submucosal tumors such as gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Despite this, no defined strategy exists to guide the surgeon in choosing the appropriate laparoscopic technique for an individual case on the basis of tumor characteristics such as location or size. This study aimed to introduce a laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) for gastric wedge resection that is applicable for submucosal tumor resection independent of tumor location and size. METHODS Seven patients underwent LECS for the resection of gastric submucosal tumors. Both mucosal and submucosal layers around the tumor were circumferentially dissected using endoscopic submucosal dissection via intraluminal endoscopy. Subsequently, the seromusclar layer was laparoscopically dissected on the exact three-fourths cut line around the tumor. The submucosal tumor then was exteriorized to the abdominal cavity and dissected with a standard endoscopic stapling device. RESULTS In all cases, the LECS procedure was successful for dissecting out the gastric submucosal tumor. In four of seven cases, the tumor was located in the upper gastric portion near the esophagogastric junction. The remaining three tumors were in the posterior gastric wall. In two cases, the tumors were more than 5 cm in diameter, and one was a GIST of the remnant stomach. The mean operation time was 169 +/- 17 min, and the estimated blood loss was 7 +/- 2 ml. The postoperative course was uneventful in all cases. CONCLUSIONS The LECS procedure for dissection of gastric submucosal tumors such as GIST may be performed safely with reasonable operation times, less bleeding, and adequate cut lines. In addition, the success of the procedure does not depend on the tumor location such as the vicinity of the esophagogastric junction or pyloric ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hiki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-10-6 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
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Abstract
The aim of the study is to discuss the pattern and risk factors for metastatic disease in conjunctival melanoma. We draw comparisons with cutaneous metastatic melanoma. We describe the clinical course of a patient with recurrent conjunctival melanoma in the context of primary acquired melanosis with atypia. The local disease was eventually treated with a lid splitting exenteration. The patient suffered from an isolated distant metastasis to the gastric wall that was managed by partial gastrectomy. Conjunctival melanoma has many similarities with its cutaneous counterpart. In both conditions the regional lymph nodes are the most common site for metastases, however, isolated distant metastases can occur. Gastric metastases are frequently seen in cutaneous melanoma. This is the first report of an isolated gastric metastasis from a conjunctival melanoma.
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Shehzad K, Mohiuddin K, Nizami S, Sharma H, Khan IM, Memon B, Memon MA. Current status of minimal access surgery for gastric cancer. Surg Oncol 2007; 16:85-98. [PMID: 17560103 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2007.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2007] [Revised: 03/12/2007] [Accepted: 04/17/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on the subject of laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) and determine the relative merits of laparoscopic (LG) and open gastrectomy (OG) for gastric carcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS A search of the Medline, Embase, Science Citation Index, Current Contents and PubMed databases identified individual retrospective and prospective series on LG (proximal, distal and total). Furthermore, all clinical trials that compared LG and OG published in the English language between January 1990 and the end of December 2006 were also identified. A large number of outcome variables were analysed for individual series and comparative trials between LG and OG and results discussed and tabulated. RESULTS The majority of the literature is published from Japan showing both oncological adequacy and safety of LG. The majority of early series and comparative studies have utilized laparoscopic resection for early and distal gastric cancer. However, with increasing advanced laparoscopic experience, advancement in digital technology and improvement in instrumentation, more advanced gastric cancers and more extensive procedures such as laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy and laparoscopy-assisted D2 dissection are becoming more common. To date lymph node harvesting, resection margins and complication rates seem to be equivalent to open procedures. Furthermore, the earlier fears of port-site metastases have not been borne out. CONCLUSIONS The available data suggests that LG seems to be associated with quicker return of gastrointestinal function, faster ambulation, earlier discharge from hospital, and comparable complications and recurrence rate to OG. However, the operating time for LG remains significantly longer compared to its open counterpart, although with experience it is achieving parity with OG. However, the majority of the comparative trials (if not all) probably do not have the power to detect differences in the outcome. As far as the RCT's (LG vs. OG) are concerned, the numbers of patients in such trials are small and the majority of patients were operated upon for early distal gastric cancer and, therefore, any meaningful conclusions regarding the advantages or disadvantages of LG for both the ECGs and extensive and advanced gastric tumours are difficult to justify.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Shehzad
- Department of Surgery, Whiston Hospital, Warrington Road, Prescot, Merseyside, UK
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Sanchez C, Brody F, Pucci E, Bashir S. Laparoscopic total gastrectomy for Ménétrier's disease. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2007; 17:32-5. [PMID: 17362175 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2006.05094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Most patients with Ménétrier's disease are treated nonoperatively with nutritional support, antacids, and pain medications. Surgical intervention is rarely required. We report the case of a 41-year-old male with HIV and hepatitis B who presented with weight loss, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen showed diffuse gastric thickening without lymphadenopathy and an upper endoscopy revealed chronic gastritis and enlarged gastric folds without evidence of Helicobacter pylori. Multiple endoscopic biopsies showed chronic inflammation without malignancy. A laparoscopic assisted full thickness biopsy revealed foveolar hyperplasia consistent with Ménétrier's disease. Postoperatively, the patient's symptoms continued to worsen and were complicated by lower gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to gastric erosions. The patient did not experience any hematemesis, only melena. A laparoscopic total gastrectomy with a Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy was performed. The patient was discharged home on postoperative day 7 tolerating a postgastrectomy diet. His hematocrit stabilized and he remained asymptomatic at 16-month follow-up. Ménétrier's disease is a rare gastrointestinal entity that can be treated safely with minimally invasive skills. We report this case in detail and discuss Ménétrier's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Sanchez
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA
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Hyaluronic acid is a useful tool for intraoperative sentinel node detection in gastric cancer surgery. Surgery 2007; 141:815-20. [PMID: 17560258 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2007.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2006] [Revised: 01/04/2007] [Accepted: 01/12/2007] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed whether a mixture of hyaluronic acid (HA) and dye can facilitate dye-guided sentinel node (SN) mapping in gastric surgery. Although dye-guided, SN-navigated surgery is clinically applied for the treatment of early gastric cancer, there are still some practical problems. Because dyes are carried out from the SN within 20 to 30 minutes, it is sometimes difficult to detect SNs accurately, especially when they are located in a deep area in obese patients. METHODS Patent blue or ferumoxides, superparamagnetic iron nanocolloids, with or without HA, were injected into the gastrointestinal tract of the pig, and the time course of dye transfer through the lymphatic system of the pig mesentery was assessed. RESULTS When a mixture of HA and patent blue at a volume ratio of 1:4 was injected into the submucosal layer, the time to stain the SN did not differ from that with patent blue alone; however, HA markedly prolonged the time the blue dye was retained in the SN. Patent blue alone stained the efferent lymphatics of the SN and spread to other lymph nodes within 20 minutes after submucosal injection. At the same time point, in contrast, blue stain was restricted to a part of the SN, and the efferent lymphatics were not stained for 2 hours when patent blue was mixed with HA. When a mixture of HA and ferumoxides was used as the tracer, the ferumoxides were still observed in the mesenteric SN even at 2 days after injection. Iron staining showed that Fe was trapped primarily in cells in the peripheral sinus of the SN, suggesting that the iron nanoparticles were mostly incorporated by phagocytic macrophages in the SN within a few hours. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that a mixture with HA prolongs the stay of a dye tracer in the SN and thus enables easy and accurate detection of the SN. HA may be a useful tool to develop a more sophisticated SN mapping technique.
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Etoh T, Shiraishi N, Tajima M, Shiromizu A, Yasuda K, Inomata M, Kitano S. Transient Liver Dysfunction after Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer Patients. World J Surg 2007; 31:1115-20. [PMID: 17426897 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-007-0237-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effect of laparoscopic surgery under CO2 pneumoperitoneum on liver function is not clear. The aim of this study was to clarify whether laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) is associated with changes in liver function compared with open distal gastrectomy (ODG). METHODS A total of 205 patients who underwent LADG (n = 147) or ODG (n = 58) between January 1994 and April 2004 were included in this study. Liver function tests-aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin, total bilirubin-were examined before surgery and at 1, 3, and 7 days after surgery. The postoperative clinical course was compared between the two groups. RESULTS AST levels on day 1 and ALT levels on days 1 and 3 were significantly higher in the LADG group. Albumin levels showed a marked decrease after operation in both groups, but the level recovered more rapidly in the LADG group than in the ODG group, showing significant differences on days 3 and 7. The total bilirubin levels remained unchanged from baseline. The postoperative complication rate was similar in the two groups, although 3 LADG patients among the 27 patients with liver disease suffered severe enteritis. CONCLUSIONS Transient liver dysfunction was documented in patients after laparoscopic gastrectomy under CO2 pneumoperitoneum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Etoh
- Department of Surgery I, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Hasama-machi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
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Kim JH, Park SS, Kim J, Boo YJ, Kim SJ, Mok YJ, Kim CS. Surgical outcomes for gastric cancer in the upper third of the stomach. World J Surg 2006; 30:1870-6; discussion 1877-8. [PMID: 16957826 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-005-0703-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The proportion of gastric cancers affecting the upper third of the stomach has been increasing. At our surgical service we perform total and proximal gastrectomy for this condition. The purpose of this study was to investigate the surgical outcome of the two operative procedures and determine an optimal surgical approach. METHODS Data from 147 patients who underwent resection for gastric cancer affecting the proximal one-third of the stomach were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were classified into a total gastrectomy (TG) group or a proximal gastrectomy (PG) group, and the clinicopathologic characteristics and surgical results were compared. We analyzed survival rates using Kaplan-Meier methods and made comparisons using a log-rank test across the same stage of the gastric cancer. RESULTS From 1992 to 2000, a total of 104 total gastrectomies and 43 proximal gastrectomies for gastric cancer affecting the upper one-third of the stomach were performed. Our investigation revealed significantly different clinicopathologic characteristics in Borrmann type, length of the resection margin, degree of lymph node dissection, and lymph node stage. During the procedure, a combined resection of other organs was performed in 30 TG and 27 PG patients. Postoperative complications developed in 15 TG and 22 PG patients. The cancer recurrence rate was 4.8% for the TG group and 39.5% for the PG group; it was highest when the length of the proximal resection margin was < 1 cm. When we compared 5-year survival rates between the two groups, each at the same cancer stage, a significant difference was noted for stage III and IV gastric cancers. CONCLUSIONS Proximal gastrectomy may be performed during the early stage of proximal gastric cancer; but because of the high frequency of complications and cancer recurrence, an additional procedure should be expected afterward. When the cancer stage is advanced, total gastrectomy should be performed with sufficient length of the proximal resection margin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Han Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, 126-1, 5-ga, Anam-dong, Sung buk-gu, 136-705, Seoul, Korea
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Sun S, Ge N, Wang C, Wang M, Lü Q. Endoscopic band ligation of small gastric stromal tumors and follow-up by endoscopic ultrasonography. Surg Endosc 2006; 21:574-8. [PMID: 17103278 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-006-9028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2006] [Revised: 06/28/2006] [Accepted: 07/05/2006] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a relatively common gastric submucosal tumor with potential for malignant transformation. The efficacy of a new method for resection of these tumors, endoscopic band ligation, was evaluated. METHODS The study included 29 patients with small gastric stromal tumors arising in the gastric muscularis propria as determined by endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), and deep endoscopic biopsies. A standard endoscope with a transparent cap attached to the tip was used. The cap was placed over the lesion, maximum sustained suction was applied, and an elastic band was released around the base. Beginning two weeks after banding, the lesions were observed endoscopically once per week until healing was complete. Thereafter, all patients underwent EUS every two to three months on schedule. RESULTS The 28 GISTs sloughed completely. The mean time required for complete healing after band ligation was 4.8 weeks. One lesion did not slough because they were not completely ligated. The lesion was ligated for the second time and sloughed completely. Bleeding occurred in one patient three days after ligation because the lesion sloughed early. The bleeding was managed successfully with metallic clips. No perforation and other complications occurred. Followup ranged from 36 to 51 months, during which time only one recurrence was observed four months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopic band ligation with systematic followup by EUS is an effective and safe treatment for small GISTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Sun
- Endoscopy Center, The Second Hospital, China Medical University, Sanhao Street 36, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China.
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