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Belfiore MP, Reginelli A, Russo A, Russo GM, Rocco MP, Moscarella E, Ferrante M, Sica A, Grassi R, Cappabianca S. Usefulness of High-Frequency Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Melanoma: Mini Review. Front Oncol 2021; 11:673026. [PMID: 34178660 PMCID: PMC8226081 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.673026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
High-frequency equipment is characterized by ultrasound probes with frequencies of over 10 MHz. At higher frequencies, the wavelength decreases, which determines a lower penetration of the ultrasound beam so as to offer a better evaluation of the surface structures. This explains the growing interest in ultrasound in dermatology. This review examines the state of the art of high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) in the assessment of skin cancer to ensure the high clinical approach and provide the best standard of evidence on which to base clinical and policy decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paola Belfiore
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Reginelli
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Russo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Maria Russo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Rocco
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Elvira Moscarella
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Marilina Ferrante
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonello Sica
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Grassi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
- Italian Society of Medical Radiology (SIRM) Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cappabianca
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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2
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Lourenço GJ, Oliveira C, Carvalho BS, Torricelli C, Silva JK, Gomez GVB, Rinck-Junior JA, Oliveira WL, Vazquez VL, Serrano SV, Moraes AM, Lima CSP. Inherited variations in human pigmentation-related genes modulate cutaneous melanoma risk and clinicopathological features in Brazilian population. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12129. [PMID: 32699307 PMCID: PMC7376158 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68945-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet light exposure and cutaneous pigmentation are important host risk factors for cutaneous melanoma (CM), and it is well known that inherited ability to produce melanin varies in humans. The study aimed to identify single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) on pigmentation-related genes with importance in risk and clinicopathological aspects of CM. The study was conducted in two stages. In stage 1, 103 CM patients and 103 controls were analyzed using Genome-Wide Human SNV Arrays in order to identify SNVs in pigmentation-related genes, and the most important SNVs were selected for data validation in stage 2 by real-time polymerase-chain reaction in 247 CM patients and 280 controls. ADCY3 c.675+9196T>G, CREB1 c.303+373G>A, and MITF c.938-325G>A were selected for data validation among 74 SNVs. Individuals with CREB1 GA or AA genotype and allele "A" were under 1.79 and 1.47-fold increased risks of CM than others, respectively. Excesses of CREB1 AA and MITF AA genotype were seen in patients with tumors at Clark levels III to V (27.8% versus 13.7%) and at III or IV stages (46.1% versus 24.9%) compared to others, respectively. When compared to others, patients with ADCY3 TT had 1.89 more chances of presenting CM progression, and those with MITF GA or AA had 2.20 more chances of evolving to death by CM. Our data provide, for the first time, preliminary evidence that inherited abnormalities in ADCY3, CREB1, and MITF pigmentation-related genes, not only can increase the risk to CM, but also influence CM patients' clinicopathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Jacob Lourenço
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Benilton Sá Carvalho
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics, Statistic, and Computer Science, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Torricelli
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janet Keller Silva
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Vilas Bôas Gomez
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Augusto Rinck-Junior
- Clinical Oncology Service, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Alexander Fleming, 181, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz", Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wesley Lima Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Lima Vazquez
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Surgery Department, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Aparecida Machado Moraes
- Clinical Oncology Service, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Alexander Fleming, 181, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz", Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carmen Silvia Passos Lima
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Clinical Oncology Service, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Alexander Fleming, 181, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz", Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Ferreira LM, Sari MHM, Azambuja JH, da Silveira EF, Cervi VF, Marchiori MCL, Maria-Engler SS, Wink MR, Azevedo JG, Nogueira CW, Braganhol E, Cruz L. Xanthan gum-based hydrogel containing nanocapsules for cutaneous diphenyl diselenide delivery in melanoma therapy. Invest New Drugs 2019; 38:662-674. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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4
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Ferreira LM, Cervi VF, Sari MHM, Barbieri AV, Ramos AP, Copetti PM, de Brum GF, Nascimento K, Nadal JM, Farago PV, Sagrillo MR, Nogueira CW, Cruz L. Diphenyl diselenide loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) nanocapsules with selective antimelanoma activity: Development and cytotoxic evaluation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 91:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Piłat P, Borzęcki A, Jazienicki M, Krasowska D. Skin melanoma imaging using ultrasonography: a literature review. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2018; 35:238-242. [PMID: 30008639 PMCID: PMC6041713 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2018.76211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most unpredictable tumours, as regards both morphology and the course of disease. It may have different clinical forms making it very difficult to diagnose. Therefore, it often surprises even the most experienced dermatologists. Despite numerous attempts, no efficient treatment of advanced stages have been elaborated, and early detection and removal of a skin lesion currently constitutes the most efficient treatment method. Diagnostics uses different types of dermoscopic techniques characterised by considerable sensitivity and specificity in detecting melanoma at an early developmental stage. A continuous development of medical technologies leads to improving many methods of skin lesion imaging. Ultrasonography is one of these methods, enabling evaluation of the thickness of melanoma in vivo with high precision. Change thickness is the decisive factor influencing 5-year survival. The paper evaluates the usefulness of high-frequency ultrasonography (HFUS) in pre-operative melanoma imaging on the basis of literature review. Additionally, the use, role and placement of HFUS in skin melanoma diagnostics is determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Piłat
- Chair and Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Paediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Non-Public Health Care Centre Med-Laser, Lublin, Poland
| | - Adam Borzęcki
- Non-Public Health Care Centre Med-Laser, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mieczysław Jazienicki
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Independent Public Clinical Hospital, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dorota Krasowska
- Chair and Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Paediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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6
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The mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway plays a critical role in regulating immunological properties of BRAF mutant cutaneous melanoma cells. Melanoma Res 2016; 26:223-35. [DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Markowitz J, Mal TK, Yuan C, Courtney NB, Patel M, Stiff AR, Blachly J, Walker C, Eisfeld A, de la Chapelle A, Carson WE. Structural characterization of NRAS isoform 5. Protein Sci 2016; 25:1069-74. [PMID: 26947772 PMCID: PMC4838646 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
It was recently discovered that the NRAS isoform 5 (20 amino acids) is expressed in melanoma and results in a more aggressive cell phenotype. This novel isoform is responsible for increased phosphorylation of downstream targets such as AKT, MEK, and ERK as well as increased cellular proliferation. This structure report describes the NMR solution structure of NRAS isoform 5 to be used as a starting point to understand its biophysical interactions. The isoform is highly flexible in aqueous solution, but forms a helix-turn-coil structure in the presence of trifluoroethanol as determined by NMR and CD spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Markowitz
- Moffitt Cancer Center Department of Cutaneous OncologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio
| | - Tapas K. Mal
- The Ohio State University Campus Chemical Instrument Center‐NMR, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio
| | - Chunhua Yuan
- The Ohio State University Campus Chemical Instrument Center‐NMR, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio
| | - Nicholas B. Courtney
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio
| | - Mitra Patel
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio
| | - Andrew R. Stiff
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio
| | - James Blachly
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio
| | - Christopher Walker
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio
| | - Ann‐Kathrin Eisfeld
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio
| | - William E. Carson
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of SurgeryThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio
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8
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Rigon RB, Oyafuso MH, Fujimura AT, Gonçalez ML, do Prado AH, Gremião MPD, Chorilli M. Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Melanoma Antitumoral Therapy: A Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:841817. [PMID: 26078967 PMCID: PMC4442269 DOI: 10.1155/2015/841817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma (MEL) is a less common type of skin cancer, but it is more aggressive with a high mortality rate. The World Cancer Research Fund International (GLOBOCAN 2012) estimates that there were 230,000 new cases of MEL in the world in 2012. Conventional MEL treatment includes surgery and chemotherapy, but many of the chemotherapeutic agents used present undesirable properties. Drug delivery systems are an alternative strategy by which to carry antineoplastic agents. Encapsulated drugs are advantageous due to such properties as high stability, better bioavailability, controlled drug release, a long blood circulation time, selective organ or tissue distribution, a lower total required dose, and minimal toxic side effects. This review of scientific research supports applying a nanotechnology-based drug delivery system for MEL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Balansin Rigon
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drug and Medicines, São Paulo State University, 14801-902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcia Helena Oyafuso
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drug and Medicines, São Paulo State University, 14801-902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Andressa Terumi Fujimura
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drug and Medicines, São Paulo State University, 14801-902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Maíra Lima Gonçalez
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drug and Medicines, São Paulo State University, 14801-902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Alice Haddad do Prado
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drug and Medicines, São Paulo State University, 14801-902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Palmira Daflon Gremião
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drug and Medicines, São Paulo State University, 14801-902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drug and Medicines, São Paulo State University, 14801-902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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9
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Lee SH, Roh MR, Kang B, Park KH, Kim SH, Lee SE, Rha SY. PTEN Methylation Dependent Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma. Cancer Res Treat 2015; 48:853-8. [PMID: 25797573 PMCID: PMC4843734 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2014.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SMM) is an aggressive and rare type of melanoma. Although the classic RAS-RAF-MEK pathway is thought to be the main pathway involved in melanoma pathogenesis, genetic alterations in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKT pathway, including PTEN-regulated signaling, are also thought to contribute. So far, data regarding altered PTEN expression and epigenetic mechanism of PTEN silencing in development of SMM is extremely limited. Herein we report on a case of SMM with liver and bone metastases with an epigenetic alteration of PTEN. Results of mutation analysis for BRAF, NRAS, HRAS, KRAS, PIK3CA, c-Kit, and PTEN were negative; however, methylation of PTEN CpG islands was observed. Our case not only supports PTEN as a major tumor suppressor involved in melanoma tumorigenesis, but also a potential epigenetic mechanism of PTEN silencing in development of SMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hee Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Ryung Roh
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beodeul Kang
- Yonsei Song-Dang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Hyun Park
- Yonsei Song-Dang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Hee Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Eun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Young Rha
- Yonsei Song-Dang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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