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Chen X, Shi K, Zhang Y, Song Y, Wang X, Tian X. Causal association of polyunsaturated fatty acids with biliary tract diseases: A Mendelian randomization study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 61:37-45. [PMID: 38777457 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The evidence connecting polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to biliary problems is still highly contested and speculative despite the fact that biliary diseases are common and PUFAs have long been studied for their potential health benefits. This work used Mendelian randomization (MR) techniques in conjunction with genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to clarify the causal relationships between PUFAs and biliary tract diseases. METHODS We compiled data on PUFAs, including Omega-3 fatty acids, Omega-6 fatty acids, and the ratio of Omega-6 to Omega-3 fatty acids (Omega-6:Omega-3), using GWAS. MR was used to examine biliary tract problems (cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, gallbladder cancer, primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas). Single nucleotide polymorphisms significantly associated with PUFAs were selected as instrumental variables to estimate causal effects on biliary tract diseases. The final results were analyzed using five MR analysis techniques. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) was used as the primary outcome. And IVW was utilized in conjunction with the other MR analysis techniques (MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode). Additionally, we evaluated heterogeneity and horizontal multiplicity using the MR-Egger intercept test and Cochrane's Q test, respectively. Finally, to increase the accuracy and precision of the study outcomes, we carried out a number of sensitivity analyses. RESULTS We found that Omega-3 fatty acids reduced the risk of cholecystitis (OR: 0.851, P = 0.009), cholelithiasis (OR: 0.787, P = 8.76e-5), and disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas (OR: 0.842, P = 1.828e-4) but increased the primary biliary cholangitis (OR: 2.220, P = 0.004). There was no significant association between Omega-3 fatty acids and risk of gallbladder cancer (OR: 3.127, P = 0.530) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (OR: 0.919, P = 0.294). Omega-6 fatty acids were associated with a reduced risk of cholecystitis (OR: 0.845, P = 0.040). However, they were not linked to an increased or decreased risk of cholelithiasis (OR: 0.878, P = 0.14), gallbladder cancer (OR: 4.670, P = 0.515), primary sclerosing cholangitis (OR: 0.993, P = 0.962), primary cholestatic biliary cholangitis (OR: 1.404, P = 0.509), or disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas. Omega-6:Omega-3 fatty acids were linked to a greater risk of cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, and disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas (OR:1.168, P = 0.009, OR:1.191, P = 1.60e-6, and OR:1.160, P = 4.11e-6, respectively). But (OR: 0.315, P = 0.010) was linked to a decreased risk of primary biliary cholangitis. Not linked to risk of primary sclerosing cholangitis (OR: 1.079, P = 0.078) or gallbladder cancer (OR: 0.046, P = 0.402). According to the MR-Egger intercept, our MR examination did not appear to be impacted by any pleiotropy (all P > 0.05). Additionally, sensitivity studies validated the accuracy of the calculated causation. CONCLUSION Inconsistent causative relationships between PUFAs and biliary tract diseases were revealed in our investigation. However, Omega-3 fatty acids were found to causally lower the risk of cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, and disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas. Omega-3 fatty acids increased the risk of primary biliary cholangitis in a causative way. Omega-3 fatty acids with the risk of gallbladder cancer and primary sclerosing cholangitis did not have any statistically significant relationships. Omega-6 fatty acids were not significantly causally connected with the risk of cholelithiasis, gallbladder cancer, primary sclerosing cholangitis, or disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas. However, they did play a causative role in lowering the risk of cholecystitis. Omega-6:Omega-3 fatty acids decreased the risk of primary biliary cholangitis but increased the risk of cholecystitis, gallstone disease, and disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas. They had no effect on the risk of gallbladder cancer or primary sclerosing cholangitis. Therefore, additional research should be done to examine the probable processes mediating the link between polyunsaturated fatty acids and the risk of biliary tract diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China
| | - Kaijia Shi
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Cardiovascular Disease Research, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China
| | - Yuqi Song
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China; Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, PR China
| | - Xueyuan Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China.
| | - Xinghan Tian
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China.
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Aubin AM, Lombard-Vadnais F, Collin R, Aliesky HA, McLachlan SM, Lesage S. The NOD Mouse Beyond Autoimmune Diabetes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:874769. [PMID: 35572553 PMCID: PMC9102607 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.874769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diabetes arises spontaneously in Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) mice, and the pathophysiology of this disease shares many similarities with human type 1 diabetes. Since its generation in 1980, the NOD mouse, derived from the Cataract Shinogi strain, has represented the gold standard of spontaneous disease models, allowing to investigate autoimmune diabetes disease progression and susceptibility traits, as well as to test a wide array of potential treatments and therapies. Beyond autoimmune diabetes, NOD mice also exhibit polyautoimmunity, presenting with a low incidence of autoimmune thyroiditis and Sjögren’s syndrome. Genetic manipulation of the NOD strain has led to the generation of new mouse models facilitating the study of these and other autoimmune pathologies. For instance, following deletion of specific genes or via insertion of resistance alleles at genetic loci, NOD mice can become fully resistant to autoimmune diabetes; yet the newly generated diabetes-resistant NOD strains often show a high incidence of other autoimmune diseases. This suggests that the NOD genetic background is highly autoimmune-prone and that genetic manipulations can shift the autoimmune response from the pancreas to other organs. Overall, multiple NOD variant strains have become invaluable tools for understanding the pathophysiology of and for dissecting the genetic susceptibility of organ-specific autoimmune diseases. An interesting commonality to all autoimmune diseases developing in variant strains of the NOD mice is the presence of autoantibodies. This review will present the NOD mouse as a model for studying autoimmune diseases beyond autoimmune diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Aubin
- Immunology-Oncology Division, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Félix Lombard-Vadnais
- Immunology-Oncology Division, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Roxanne Collin
- Immunology-Oncology Division, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- CellCarta, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Holly A. Aliesky
- Thyroid Autoimmune Disease Unit, Cedars-Sinai Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sandra M. McLachlan
- Thyroid Autoimmune Disease Unit, Cedars-Sinai Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sylvie Lesage
- Immunology-Oncology Division, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Sylvie Lesage, ;
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Isaia I, Natoli G, Colaci M, Stancanelli B, Malatino L. Sclerosing cholangitis may mimic radiological pattern of cholangiocarcinoma: Case report, differential diagnosis and review of literature. Am J Med Sci 2022; 364:359-365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2022.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Presence of autoantibodies in serum does not impact the occurrence of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced hepatitis in a prospective cohort of cancer patients. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 148:647-656. [PMID: 34874490 PMCID: PMC8881258 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03870-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced hepatitis belongs to the frequently occurring immune-related adverse events (irAEs), particularly with the combination therapy involving ipilimumab and nivolumab. However, predisposing factors predicting the occurrence of ICI-induced hepatitis are barely known. We investigated the association of preexisting autoantibodies in the development of ICI-induced hepatitis in a prospective cohort of cancer patients. Methods Data from a prospective biomarker cohort comprising melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients were used to analyze the incidence of ICI-induced hepatitis, putatively associated factors, and outcome. Results 40 patients with melanoma and 91 patients with NSCLC received ICI between July 2016 and May 2019. 11 patients developed ICI-induced hepatitis (8.4%). Prior to treatment, 45.5% of patients in the hepatitis cohort and 43.8% of the control cohort showed elevated titers of autoantibodies commonly associated with autoimmune liver diseases (p = 0.82). We found two nominally significant associations between the occurrence of ICI-induced hepatitis and HLA alleles associated with autoimmune liver diseases among NSCLC patients. Of note, significantly more patients with ICI-induced hepatitis developed additional irAEs in other organs (p = 0.0001). Neither overall nor progression-free survival was affected in the hepatitis group. Conclusion We found nominally significant associations of ICI-induced hepatitis with two HLA alleles. ICI-induced hepatitis showed no correlation with liver-specific autoantibodies, but frequently co-occurred with irAEs affecting other organs. Unlike other irAEs, ICI-induced hepatitis is not associated with a better prognosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00432-021-03870-6.
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Guatibonza-García V, Gaete PV, Pérez-Londoño A, Puerto-Baracaldo DK, Gutiérrez-Romero SA, Mendivil CO, Tapias M. Poor performance of anti-mitochondrial antibodies for the diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis in female Colombian patients: A single-center study. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:4890-4899. [PMID: 34447233 PMCID: PMC8371498 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i29.4890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a serious disease that causes significant morbidity. PBC is confirmed with liver biopsy but autoantibodies are frequently used as proxies for diagnosis. The performance of autoantibodies for the diagnosis of PBC seems to vary widely across populations.
AIM To assess the diagnostic performance of several autoantibodies for the diagnosis of PBC in Latin American individuals.
METHODS We studied 85 female adult Colombians, 43 cases with biopsy-confirmed PBC and 42 controls in whom a liver biopsy ruled out PBC. Plasma anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMAs), anti-smooth muscle antibodies (ASMAs) and anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs), as well as total immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG were determined using immunofluorescence or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in all study participants within 1 year of the biopsy. For all variables, values analyzed were those closest to the date of the biopsy. Patients with viral or alcoholic hepatitis were excluded.
RESULTS Mean age at diagnosis was 58.7 years for cases and 56.9 years for controls, and the body mass index was lower among cases. Most cases received ursodeoxycholic acid, while most controls received vitamin E. Sjögren syndrome and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were the most frequent autoimmune comorbidities of PBC. The prevalence of AMA positivity among PBC cases was unexpectedly low. The sensitivity and specificity values were respectively 44.2% and 76.2% for AMA, 74.4% and 38.1% for ANA, 14.0% and 73.8% for ASMA, 26.7% and 80.0% for IgG, and 57.1% and 85.7% for IgM. The combination of positive AMA plus positive IgM had 91% positive predictive value for PBC. Among AMA-negative cases, the most prevalent antibodies were ANA (87.5%). In all, 62% of AMA-positive and 84.6% of IgM-positive individuals had fibrosis in their biopsy.
CONCLUSION AMA positivity was very low among female Latin American patients with PBC. The performance of all antibodies was quite limited. These results highlight the urgent need for better PBC biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Carlos O Mendivil
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá 110111, Colombia
| | - Monica Tapias
- School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 110111, Colombia
- Department of Hepatology, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá 110111, Colombia
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Becq A, Camus M, Arrivé L, Hor T, Amoodadashi D, Buscail L, Chaput U. IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis presenting as an isolated intrahepatic stenosis: a rare presentation of a rare disease. Endoscopy 2021; 53:E205-E206. [PMID: 32916720 DOI: 10.1055/a-1244-9065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aymeric Becq
- Department of Endoscopy, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.,Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marine Camus
- Department of Endoscopy, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.,Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Arrivé
- Department of Radiology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Thevy Hor
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Louis Buscail
- Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, CHU Rangueil, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Ulriikka Chaput
- Department of Endoscopy, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.,Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
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Pan YY, Zhou SC, Wang YJ, Zhu TT, Peng D, Guan HX. IgG4-Related Disease: A Retrospective Chinese Study of Features and Treatment Response of 98 Patients Including 4 Rare Cases. Curr Med Sci 2021; 41:390-397. [PMID: 33877558 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-021-2359-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The features and treatment of 98 Chinese patients with immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease (IgG4-RD) referred to a single tertiary referring centre were reviewed. Patients diagnosed with IgG4-RD according to the comprehensive diagnostic criteria (CDC) were included in the retrospective study from May 2012 to March 2019. We collected data on clinical, laboratory, imaging, histological features and treatment. Totally, 98 patients with IgG4-RD were enrolled. The common clinical manifestations included abdominal pain, salivary gland swelling and lymphadenopathy. 51% of the patients had multiple organs involvement. Lymph nodes, pancreas and salivary glands were most commonly involved. Four rare sites including ulna, cerebellum, scalp, and mammary gland were found. The serum IgG4 level was increased by 85.7%. The serum IgG4 level was positively correlated with the number of involved organs, IgG and IgG4/IgG. Low C3 and C4 levels were observed in 37.5% and 12.2% patients respectively, and all patients with kidney involvement had hypocomplementemia. A total of 54 patients underwent tissue biopsies, and 55.6%, 31.5% and 11.1% cases were diagnosed as definite, probable and possible IgG4-RD, respectively. Eighty-eight patients received glucocorticoids (GCs) therapy. Five patients underwent radical surgery to remove the lesion. 73% of them presented a complete or partial remission. IgG4-RD is a systemic fibroinflammatory disease with involvement of multiple organs throughout the body including some rare sites. Most IgG4-RD patients had increased serum IgG4 levels and patients with kidney involvement showed hypocomplementemia. GCs therapy is effective. More research is needed to provide a more reliable basis for the diagnosis and treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Ying Pan
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shu-Chang Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu-Jin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dan Peng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Han-Xiong Guan
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Biliary damage and liver fibrosis are ameliorated in a novel mouse model lacking l-histidine decarboxylase/histamine signaling. J Transl Med 2020; 100:837-848. [PMID: 32054995 PMCID: PMC7286781 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-0405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterized by biliary damage and fibrosis. Multidrug resistance-2 gene knockout (Mdr2-/-) mice and PSC patients have increased histamine (HA) levels (synthesized by l-histidine decarboxylase, HDC) and HA receptor (HR) expression. Cholestatic HDC-/- mice display ameliorated biliary damage and hepatic fibrosis. The current study evaluated the effects of knockout of HDC-/- in Mdr2-/- mice (DKO) on biliary damage and hepatic fibrosis. WT, Mdr2-/- mice, and homozygous DKO mice were used. Selected DKO mice were treated with HA. We evaluated liver damage along with HDC expression and HA serum levels. Changes in ductular reaction were evaluated along with liver fibrosis, inflammation and bile acid signaling pathways. The expression of H1HR/PKC-α/TGF-β1 and H2HR/pERK/VEGF-C was determined. In vitro, cholangiocyte lines were treated with HA with/without H1/H2 inhibitors before measuring: H1/H2HR, TGF-β1, and VEGF-C expression. Knockout of HDC ameliorates hepatic damage, ductular reaction, fibrosis, inflammation, bile acid signaling and H1HR/PKC-α/TGF-β1 and H2HR/pERK/VEGF-C signaling. Reactivation of the HDC/HA axis increased these parameters. In vitro, stimulation with HA increased HR expression and PKC-α, TGF-β1, and VEGF-C expression, which was reduced with HR inhibitors. Our data demonstrate the key role for the HDC/HA axis in the management of PSC progression.
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Son KH, Ahn CB, Kim HJ, Kim JS. Quantitative proteomic analysis of bile in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients. J Cancer 2020; 11:4073-4080. [PMID: 32368289 PMCID: PMC7196276 DOI: 10.7150/jca.40964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) without liver-fluke is increasing. Multifactorial carcinogenesis makes it hard to find biomarkers related to CCA. Although there are a few studies of bile proteomics, these showed different protein profiles because of having heterogeneous groups of patients and different sampling methods. Our aim was to identify the specific bile proteins of extrahepatic CCA patients. Methods: We collected bile from 23 patients undergoing endoscopic nasobiliary drainage in Korea University Guro Hospital from May 2018 to January 2019. The CCA group included 18 patients diagnosed with extrahepatic CCA, and the control group included 5 patients with benign biliary conditions. We analyzed bile proteome using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. We compared the relative abundance of various proteins in the CCA and control groups. Results: In all, we identified a total of 245 proteins in the bile of CCA and control patients. Increased top 14 proteins in CCA patients were immunoglobulin kappa light chain, apolipoprotein B, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4, apolipoprotein E, Mucin 5B, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H1, apolipoprotein A-IV, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, complement C7, complement C5, apolipoprotein C-III, albumin, antithrombin-III, and apolipoprotein A-II. However, the significantly increased proteins in bile of CCA patients comparing with control patients were immunoglobulin kappa light chain, apolipoprotein E, albumin, apolipoprotein A-I, antithrombin-III, α1-antitrypsin, serotransferrin, immunoglobulin heavy constant mu, immunoglobulin J chain, complement C4-A, and complement C3 (p<0.05). Conclusions: In this study, we identified several proteins that were significantly increased in the bile of extrahepatic CCA. Further study is needed to validate them as potential tumor-associated proteins that may be potential biomarkers for CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuk Hui Son
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Bum Ahn
- Center for information security technologies, Korea University
| | - Hyo Jung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital
| | - Jae Seon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital
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Meadows V, Kennedy L, Hargrove L, Demieville J, Meng F, Virani S, Reinhart E, Kyritsi K, Invernizzi P, Yang Z, Wu N, Liangpunsakul S, Alpini G, Francis H. Downregulation of hepatic stem cell factor by Vivo-Morpholino treatment inhibits mast cell migration and decreases biliary damage/senescence and liver fibrosis in Mdr2 -/- mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:165557. [PMID: 31521820 PMCID: PMC6878979 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterized by increased mast cell (MC) infiltration, biliary damage and hepatic fibrosis. Cholangiocytes secrete stem cell factor (SCF), which is a chemoattractant for c-kit expressed on MCs. We aimed to determine if blocking SCF inhibits MC migration, biliary damage and hepatic fibrosis. METHODS FVB/NJ and Mdr2-/- mice were treated with Mismatch or SCF Vivo-Morpholinos. We measured (i) SCF expression and secretion; (ii) hepatic damage; (iii) MC migration/activation and histamine signaling; (iv) ductular reaction and biliary senescence; and (v) hepatic fibrosis. In human PSC patients, SCF expression and secretion were measured. In vitro, cholangiocytes were evaluated for SCF expression and secretion. Biliary proliferation/senescence was measured in cholangiocytes pretreated with 0.1% BSA or the SCF inhibitor, ISK03. Cultured HSCs were stimulated with cholangiocyte supernatant and activation measured. MC migration was determined with cholangiocytes pretreated with BSA or ISK03 loaded into the bottom of Boyden chambers and MCs into top chamber. RESULTS Biliary SCF expression and SCF serum levels increase in human PSC. Cholangiocytes, but not hepatocytes, from SCF Mismatch Mdr2-/- mice have increased SCF expression and secretion. Inhibition of SCF in Mdr2-/- mice reduced (i) hepatic damage; (ii) MC migration; (iii) histamine and SCF serum levels; and (iv) ductular reaction/biliary senescence/hepatic fibrosis. In vitro, cholangiocytes express and secrete SCF. Blocking biliary SCF decreased MC migration, biliary proliferation/senescence, and HSC activation. CONCLUSION Cholangiocytes secrete increased levels of SCF inducing MC migration, contributing to biliary damage/hepatic fibrosis. Targeting MC infiltration may be an option to ameliorate PSC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vik Meadows
- Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, United States of America; Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Lindsey Kennedy
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Laura Hargrove
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Demieville
- Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, United States of America
| | - Fanyin Meng
- Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, United States of America
| | - Shohaib Virani
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Evan Reinhart
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Konstantina Kyritsi
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, United States of America
| | | | - Zhihong Yang
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Nan Wu
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, United States of America; Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Heather Francis
- Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, United States of America; Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, United States of America.
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