Modeling phase equilibria in CO2+polymer systems

Thermodynamic Assessment of the Partitioning of Acetone between Supercritical CO2 and Polystyrene Using the Polar PC-SAFT Equation of State

Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂) has gained considerable attention in the process industry due to its favorable economic, environmental, and technical characteristics. Polymer processing is one of the key industrial applications where scCO₂ plays an important role. In order to be able to efficiently design the polymer processing equipment, understanding the phase behavior and partition of solutes between scCO₂ and polymers is necessary. This paper investigates the partitioning of acetone - a conventional polar cosolvent - between scCO₂ and polystyrene - a glassy polymer. We highlight the importance of taking into account the polar interactions between acetone molecules and their role in the polymer phase behavior. The system is modeled under a wide range of temperatures and pressures (278.15-518.2 K and 1.0-20.0 MPa) using the polar version of the perturbed chain statistical associating fluid theory (polar PC-SAFT) equation of state. The results show that at relatively low pressure, the system exhibits a vapor-liquid-liquid (VLL) three-phase region bounded by two two-phase regions (VL and LL). At high pressure, VLL and VL regions disappear and only the LL region remains. The temperature effect is more interesting, showing a transition of upper critical solution temperature behavior to lower critical solution temperature behavior at 10 MPa and 398.15 K. It is found that neglecting the polar term can lead to significant changes in the description of the polymeric-system phase behavior especially at lower temperatures. No such differences are observed at higher temperatures (above 500 K) where the effect of polar interaction is considerably weaker.

Modeling of RAFT polymerization of MMA in supercritical carbon dioxide using the PC-SAFT equation of state

The PC-SAFT equation of state was applied to the study of RAFT polymerization of methyl methacrylate in supercritical CO₂.