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Chang JH, Hossain MS, Stackhouse K, Dahdaleh F, Denbo J, Augustin T, Simon R, Joyce D, Matthew Walsh R, Naffouje S. The role of minimally invasive surgery in resectable distal pancreatic adenocarcinoma. HPB (Oxford) 2023; 25:1213-1222. [PMID: 37357114 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In distal pancreatectomy (DP) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we hypothesize that minimally invasive DP (MIDP) carries short-term benefits over ODP (ODP) in the absence of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF). METHODS NSQIP database was queried to select patients who underwent DP for PDAC with available report on POPF. The population was divided into No-POPF vs. POPF groups. In each group, propensity-score matching was applied to compare 30-day outcomes of ODP vs. MIDP. RESULTS There were 2,824 patients; 2,332 (82%) had No-POPF and 492 (21%) had POPF. In No-POPF patients, 921 pairs were matched between ODP and MIDP. MIDP patients had slightly longer operations (227 vs. 205 minutes; p < 0.001), but lower rates of surgical site complications (1% vs. 2.9%; p = 0.002), postoperative transfusion (7.1% vs. 11.0%; p = 0.003), overall morbidity (21.1% vs. 26.3%; p = 0.009), and one-day shorter median length of stay (LOS) (5 vs. 6 days; p = 0.001). In the POPF group, 172 pairs were matched. There was no difference in morbidity, mortality, reoperation, LOS, and home discharge. Similar conclusions were drawn in the intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses. CONCLUSION POPF is common following DP for PDAC. In the absence of POPF, MIDP is associated with fewer postoperative morbidities and shorter LOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny H Chang
- Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mir S Hossain
- Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kathryn Stackhouse
- Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Fadi Dahdaleh
- Edward-Elmhurst Medical Group, Department of Surgical Oncology, Naperville, IL, USA
| | - Jason Denbo
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Toms Augustin
- Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robert Simon
- Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Daniel Joyce
- Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - R Matthew Walsh
- Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Samer Naffouje
- Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Sahakyan MA, Verbeke CS, Tholfsen T, Ignjatovic D, Kleive D, Buanes T, Lassen K, Røsok BI, Labori KJ, Edwin B. Prognostic Impact of Resection Margin Status in Distal Pancreatectomy for Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 29:366-375. [PMID: 34296358 PMCID: PMC8677636 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10464-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Resection margin status is considered one of the few surgeon-controlled parameters affecting prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). While studies mostly focus on resection margins in pancreatoduodenectomy, little is known about their role in distal pancreatectomy (DP). This study aimed to investigate resection margins in DP for PDAC. Methods Patients who underwent DP for PDAC between October 2004 and February 2020 were included (n = 124). Resection margins and associated parameters were studied in two consecutive time periods during which different pathology examination protocols were used: non-standardized (period 1: 2004–2014) and standardized (period 2: 2015–2020). Microscopic margin involvement (R1) was defined as ≤1 mm clearance. Results Laparoscopic and open resections were performed in 117 (94.4%) and 7 (5.6%) patients, respectively. The R1 rate for the entire cohort was 73.4%, increasing from 60.4% in period 1 to 83.1% in period 2 (p = 0.005). A significantly higher R1 rate was observed for the posterior margin (35.8 vs. 70.4%, p < 0.001) and anterior pancreatic surface (based on a 0 mm clearance; 18.9 vs. 35.4%, p = 0.045). Pathology examination period, poorly differentiated PDAC, and vascular invasion were associated with R1 in the multivariable model. Extended DP, positive anterior pancreatic surface, lymph node ratio, perineural invasion, and adjuvant chemotherapy, but not R1, were significant prognostic factors for overall survival in the entire cohort. Conclusions Pathology examination is a key determinant of resection margin status following DP for PDAC. A high R1 rate is to be expected when pathology examination is meticulous and standardized. Involvement of the anterior pancreatic surface affects prognosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1245/s10434-021-10464-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushegh A Sahakyan
- The Intervention Centre, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Department of Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Surgery N1, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Caroline S Verbeke
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore Tholfsen
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dejan Ignjatovic
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Digestive Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Dyre Kleive
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trond Buanes
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristoffer Lassen
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bård I Røsok
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Jørgen Labori
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Edwin
- The Intervention Centre, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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3
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Sahakyan MA, Tholfsen T, Kleive D, Yaqub S, Kazaryan AM, Buanes T, Røsok BI, Labori KJ, Edwin B. Laparoscopic Distal Pancreatectomy Following Prior Upper Abdominal Surgery (Pancreatectomy and Prior Surgery). J Gastrointest Surg 2021; 25:1787-1794. [PMID: 33170476 PMCID: PMC8275495 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-020-04858-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous abdominal surgery can be a risk factor for perioperative complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic procedures. Today, distal pancreatectomy is increasingly performed laparoscopically. This study investigates the consequences of prior upper abdominal surgery (PUAS) for laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP). METHODS Patients who had undergone LDP from April 1997 to January 2020 were included. Based on the history and type of PUAS, these were categorized into three groups: minimally invasive (I), open (II), and no PUAS (III). To reduce possible confounding factors, the groups were matched in 1:2:4 fashion based on age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and American Society of Anesthesiology grade. RESULTS After matching, 30, 60, and 120 patients were included in the minimally invasive, open and no PUAS groups, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found in terms of intraoperative outcomes. Postoperative morbidity, mortality and length of hospital stay were similar. Open PUAS was associated with higher Comprehensive Complication Index (33.7 vs 20.9 vs 26.2, p = 0.03) and greater proportion of patients with ≥ 2 complications (16.7 vs 0 vs 6.7%, p = 0.02) compared with minimally invasive and no PUAS. Male sex, overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2), diagnosis of neuroendocrine neoplasia, and open PUAS were risk factors for severe morbidity in the univariable analysis. Only open PUAS was statistically significant in the multivariable model. CONCLUSIONS PUAS does not impair the feasibility and safety of LDP as its perioperative outcomes are largely comparable to those in patients without PUAS. However, open PUAS increases the burden and severity of postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushegh A Sahakyan
- The Intervention Center, Oslo University Hospital, Pikshospitalet, 0027, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Surgery N1, Yerevan State Medical University After M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia.
- Department of Research & Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tore Tholfsen
- Department of HPB Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Pikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dyre Kleive
- Department of HPB Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Pikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sheraz Yaqub
- Department of HPB Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Pikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Airazat M Kazaryan
- The Intervention Center, Oslo University Hospital, Pikshospitalet, 0027, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Surgery N1, Yerevan State Medical University After M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Østfold Hospital Trust, Grålum, Norway
- Department of Faculty Surgery N2, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Trond Buanes
- Department of Research & Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bård Ingvald Røsok
- Department of HPB Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Pikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Jørgen Labori
- Department of HPB Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Pikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Edwin
- The Intervention Center, Oslo University Hospital, Pikshospitalet, 0027, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research & Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo, Norway
- Department of HPB Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Pikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Sahakyan MA, Tholfsen T, Kleive D, Waage A, Buanes T, Labori KJ, Røsok BI, Edwin B. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy in patients with poor physical status. HPB (Oxford) 2021; 23:877-881. [PMID: 33092964 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) is advantageous over open surgery in the treatment of benign pancreatic lesions and low-grade malignancies. Yet the evidence on the relationship between comorbidities and the outcomes of LDP remains scarce. METHODS Patients who had undergone LDP for all indications between April 1997 and December 2019 were included. Preoperative physical status was defined according to the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) criteria. Perioperative outcomes were compared between the patients with high (ASA III-IV) and low/moderate anesthetic risk (ASA I-II). RESULTS A total of 605 patients were eligible for analysis including 190 with ASA III-IV and 415 with ASA I-II. The former was associated with older age, male gender, preexisting medical conditions, greater total number of comorbidities and red blood cell transfusion. The rate of medical complications was significantly higher in high-risk patients. Multivariable analysis identified ASA III-IV and operative time as independent predictors for medical complications. Overall/severe morbidity, surgical complications and mortality rates were similar. CONCLUSIONS Poor physical status defined as ASA grades III-IV predicts medical complications, but has a limited impact on surgical complications and severe morbidity of LDP. Thus, it should not be considered as a contraindication for LDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushegh A Sahakyan
- The Intervention Center, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Surgery N1, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Tore Tholfsen
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dyre Kleive
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Waage
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trond Buanes
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut J Labori
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bård I Røsok
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Edwin
- The Intervention Center, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Norway
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Huang J, Xiong C, Sheng Y, Zhou X, Lu CD, Cai X. Laparoscopic versus open radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy for pancreatic cancer: a single-institution comparative study. Gland Surg 2021; 10:1057-1066. [PMID: 33842250 DOI: 10.21037/gs-21-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Laparoscopic distal pancreatosplenectomy is an effective and safe surgical modality for treating benign and borderline distal pancreatic tumors, but rarely for pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to compare the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic and open radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy for pancreatic cancer. Methods Fifty-one patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy at Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital between January 2014 and July 2018 were enrolled. 20 patients underwent laparoscopic radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy and 31 patients received open radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy. Postoperative and short-term outcomes of the two groups of patients were analyzed. Results The mean operation time, length of postoperative hospital stay, and overall postoperative morbidity were similar in the two groups (P>0.05). The laparoscopic radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy group lost less blood (252.5±198.3 vs. 472.6±428.0 mL, P=0.037) and had lower transfusion rates (10.0% vs. 35.4%, P=0.041) than the open radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy group. The laparoscopic group also had statistically significantly earlier passing of first flatus (2.5±0.8 vs. 3.2±1.2 days, P=0.028) and first oral intake (2.9±1.0 vs. 3.7±1.6 days, P=0.042). Furthermore, the rates of postoperative pancreatic fistula (45.0% vs. 32.3%) and overall complications (70.0% vs. 74.2%) were not statistically difference between the two groups. The survival rates at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery were not statistically difference between the laparoscopic and open groups (94.4% vs. 93.5, 67.0% vs. 78.0%, and 50.2% vs. 38.3%, respectively). Conclusions The results of this study show that laparoscopic radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy is feasible and safe for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chaojie Xiong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ye Sheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xinhua Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Cai-De Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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6
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Hirono S, Yamaue H. Surgical strategy for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. Surg Today 2020; 50:50-55. [PMID: 31807871 PMCID: PMC6923258 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-019-01931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The current treatment strategy for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), based on the international consensus guideline, has been accepted widely. However, reported outcomes after surgical resection for IPMN show that once the tumor progresses to invasive intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC), recurrence is not uncommon. The surgical treatment for IPMN is invasive and sometimes followed by complications. Therefore, the best timing for resection might be at the point when high-grade dysplasia (HGD) is evident. According to previous reports, main duct type IPMN has a high malignant potential and its surgical resection is universally accepted, whereas, the incidence of HGD/invasive IPMC in branch duct and mixed type IPMNs is thought to be lower. In addition to mural nodules and a dilated main pancreatic duct, cytology and measurement of the carcinoembryonic antigen level in the pancreatic juice might be useful to differentiate HGD/invasive IPMC from low-grade dysplasia. The nomogram proposed recently to predict the risk of HGD/invasive IPMC in IPMN patients might help surgeons decide on the best treatment strategy, depending on the patient's age and general condition. Second resection for high-risk lesions in the remnant pancreas might improve the survival of IPMN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiko Hirono
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Yamaue
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
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Yang DJ, Xiong JJ, Lu HM, Wei Y, Zhang L, Lu S, Hu WM. The oncological safety in minimally invasive versus open distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1159. [PMID: 30718559 PMCID: PMC6362067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37617-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The safety of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy (MIDP) and open distal pancreatectomy (ODP) regarding oncological outcomes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains inconclusive. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the oncological safety of MIDP and ODP for PDAC. Major databases including PubMed, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies comparing outcomes in patients undergoing MIDP and ODP for PDAC from January 1994 to August 2018. In total, 11 retrospective comparative studies with 4829 patients (MIDP: 1076, ODP: 3753) were included. The primary outcome was long-term survival, including 3-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year OS. The 3-year OS (hazard ratio (HR): 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.89, 1.21; P = 0.66) and 5-year OS (HR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.65, 1.28; P = 0.59) showed no significant differences between the two groups. Furthermore, the positive surgical margin rate (weighted mean difference (WMD): 0.71, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.89, P = 0.003) was lower in the MIDP group. However, patients in the MIDP group had less intraoperative blood loss (WMD: -250.03, 95% CI: -359.68, -140.39; P < 0.00001), a shorter hospital stay (WMD: -2.76, 95% CI: -3.73, -1.78; P < 0.00001) and lower morbidity (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.71; P < 0.00001) and mortality (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.31, 0.81, P = 0.005) than patients in the ODP group. The limited evidence suggested that MIDP might be safer with regard to oncological outcomes in PDAC patients. Therefore, future high-quality studies are needed to examine the oncological safety of MIDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du-Jiang Yang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jun-Jie Xiong
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hui-Min Lu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Department of Transportation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei-Ming Hu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
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8
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Low TY, Goh BKP. Initial experience with minimally invasive extended pancreatectomies for locally advanced pancreatic malignancies: Report of six cases. J Minim Access Surg 2019; 15:204-209. [PMID: 30416147 PMCID: PMC6561074 DOI: 10.4103/jmas.jmas_69_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, there have been several reports on minimally-invasive surgery for extended pancreatectomy (MIEP) in the literature. However, to date, only a limited number of studies reporting on the outcomes of MIEP have been published. In the present study, we report our initial experience with MIEP defined according to the latest the International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery (ISPGS) guidelines. Methods Over a 14-month period, a total of 6 consecutive MIEP performed by a single surgeon at a tertiary institution were identified from a prospectively maintained surgical database. EP was defined as per the 2014 ISPGS consensus. Hybrid pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) was defined as when the entire resection was completed through minimally-invasive surgery, and the reconstruction was performed open through a mini-laparotomy incision. Results Six cases were performed including 2 robotic extended subtotal pancreatosplenectomies with gastric resection, 1 laparoscopic-assisted (hybrid) extended PD with superior mesenteric vein wedge resection, 2 robotic-assisted (hybrid) PD with portal vein resection (1 interposition Polytetrafluoroethylene graft reconstruction and 1 wedge resection) and 1 totally robotic PD with wedge resection of portal vein. Median estimated blood loss was 400 (250-1500) ml and median operative time was 713 (400-930) min. Median post-operative stay was 9 (6-36) days. There was 1 major morbidity (Grade 3b) in a patient who developed early post-operative intestinal obstruction secondary to port site herniation necessitating repeat laparoscopic surgery. There were no open conversions and no in-hospital mortalities. Conclusion Based on our initial experience, MIEP although technically challenging and associated with long operative times, is feasible and safe in highly selected cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tze-Yi Low
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Brian K P Goh
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital; Duke-Nus Medical School, Singapore
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9
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Buanes T, Edwin B. Long term oncological outcome of laparoscopic techniques in pancreatic cancer. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2018; 10:383-391. [PMID: 30631402 PMCID: PMC6323502 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v10.i12.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The laparoscopic technique in distal pancreatic resection (LDP) has been widely accepted, and outcome data support the hypothesis that survival is improved, partly due to improved postoperative safety and recovery, thus optimizing treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy. But laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD or Whipple-procedures) has spread more slowly, due to the complexity of the procedure. Surgical safety has been a problem in hospitals with low patient volume, resulting in raised postoperative mortality, requiring careful monitoring of outcome during the surgical learning curve. Robotic assistance is expected to improve surgical safety, but data on long term oncological outcome of laparoscopic Whipple procedures with or without robotic assistance is scarce. Future research should still focus surgical safety, but most importantly long term outcome, recorded as recurrence at maximal follow up or - at best - overall long term survival (OS). Available data show median survival above 2.5 years, five year OS more than 30% after LDP even in series with suboptimal adjuvant chemotherapy. Also after LPD, long term survival is reported equal to or longer than open resection. However, surgical safety during the learning curve of LPD is a problem, which hopefully can be facilitated by robotic assistance. Patient reported outcome should also be an endpoint in future trials, including patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trond Buanes
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer, Surgery and Transplantation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo N-0424, Norway
| | - Bjørn Edwin
- the Intervention Centre and Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo N-0424, Norway
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10
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Sahakyan MA, Kleive D, Kazaryan AM, Aghayan DL, Ignjatovic D, Labori KJ, Røsok BI, Edwin B. Extended laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for adenocarcinoma in the body and tail of the pancreas: a single-center experience. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2018; 403:941-948. [DOI: 10.1007/s00423-018-1730-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Fingerhut A, Uranues S, Khatkov I, Boni L. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy: better than open? Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 3:49. [PMID: 30225383 PMCID: PMC6131158 DOI: 10.21037/tgh.2018.07.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Distal pancreatectomy is well suited to the laparoscopic approach. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) provides the same postoperative recovery advantages reputed to minimal access surgery. However, there have been fears as to the safety of LDP in terms of life-threatening intra-operative events and post-operative complications, adequate carcinological outcomes as compared to traditional (open) distal pancreatectomy (ODP) when performed for cancer, as well as to whether the laparoscopic approach is well adapted to the variety of diseases that may affect the pancreas (ranging from trauma to benign or malignant disease) and whether the minimal access approach is well adapted to perform pancreatic surgery safely in the obese, the elderly or the frail. In this review of the literature, we sought to determine whether LDP was as safe, provided the same oncological outcomes and was applicable to all diseases involving the body and tail of the pancreas, and to particular patient characteristics, compared to the traditional open approach. Last we looked at cost issues. We concluded that this review of the literature allowed to state that laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy is feasible and safe for a wide range of diseases, both benign and malignant. Morbidity, mortality, and probably, also, carcinological outcomes are comparable to open surgery. The overall costs are similar but the advantages of minimal access surgery make it the preferred approach, once the surgical expertise is acquired and present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abe Fingerhut
- Section for Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Selman Uranues
- Section for Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Igor Khatkov
- Department of Surgical Oncology Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Luigi Boni
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Raoof M, Ituarte PHG, Woo Y, Warner SG, Singh G, Fong Y, Melstrom L. Propensity score-matched comparison of oncological outcomes between laparoscopic and open distal pancreatic resection. Br J Surg 2018; 105:578-586. [PMID: 29493784 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selected studies have reported improved outcomes in laparoscopic compared with open distal pancreatic resection. Concerns regarding failure to achieve proper oncological resection and compromised long-term outcomes remain. This study investigated whether postoperative outcomes and long-term survival after laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy are comparable to those after an open procedure. METHODS This retrospective case-control study included patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy for resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma between 2010 and 2013, identified from the National Cancer Database. Propensity score nearest-neighbour 1 : 1 matching was performed between patients undergoing laparoscopic or open distal pancreatectomy based on all relevant co-variables. The primary outcome was overall survival. RESULTS Of 1947 eligible patients, 605 (31·1 per cent) underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. After propensity score matching, two well balanced groups of 563 patients each were analysed. There was no difference in overall survival at 3 years after laparoscopic versus open distal pancreatectomy (41·6 versus 36·0 per cent; hazard ratio 0·93, 95 per cent c.i. 0·77 to 1·12; P = 0·457). The overall conversion rate was 27·3 per cent (165 of 605). Patients who underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy had outcomes comparable to those of patients who had an open procedure with regard to median time to chemotherapy (50 versus 50 days; P = 0·342), median number of nodes examined (12 versus 12; P = 0·759); 30-day mortality (1·2 versus 0·9 per cent; P = 0·562); 90-day mortality (2·8 versus 3·7 per cent; P = 0·403), 30-day readmission rate (9·6 versus 9·2 per cent; P = 0·838) and positive margin rate (14·9 versus 18·5 per cent; P = 0·110). However, median duration of hospital stay was shorter in the laparoscopic group (6 versus 7 days; P < 0·001). CONCLUSION Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy is an acceptable alternative to open distal pancreatectomy with no detriment to survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Raoof
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, MOB.L002, Duarte, California, 91016, USA
| | - P H G Ituarte
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, MOB.L002, Duarte, California, 91016, USA
| | - Y Woo
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, MOB.L002, Duarte, California, 91016, USA
| | - S G Warner
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, MOB.L002, Duarte, California, 91016, USA
| | - G Singh
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, MOB.L002, Duarte, California, 91016, USA
| | - Y Fong
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, MOB.L002, Duarte, California, 91016, USA
| | - L Melstrom
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, MOB.L002, Duarte, California, 91016, USA
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Souche R, Herrero A, Bourel G, Chauvat J, Pirlet I, Guillon F, Nocca D, Borie F, Mercier G, Fabre JM. Robotic versus laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy: a French prospective single-center experience and cost-effectiveness analysis. Surg Endosc 2018; 32:3562-3569. [PMID: 29396754 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-018-6080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benefits and cost-effectiveness of robotic approach for distal pancreatectomy (DP) remain debated. In this prospective study, we aim to compare the short-term results and real costs of robotic (RDP) and laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP). METHODS From 2011 until 2016, all consecutive patients underwent minimally invasive DP were included and data were prospectively collected. Patients were assigned in two groups, RDP and LDP, according to the availability of the Da Vinci® Surgical System for our Surgical Unit. RESULTS A minimally invasive DP was performed in 38 patients with a median age of 61 years old (44-83 years old) and a BMI of 26 kg/m2 (20-31 kg/m2). RDP group (n = 15) and LDP group (n = 23) were comparable concerning demographic data, BMI, ASA score, comorbidities, malignant lesions, lesion size, and indication of spleen preservation. Median operative time was longer in RDP (207 min) compared to LDP (187 min) (p = 0.047). Conversion rate, spleen preservation failure, and perioperative transfusion rates were nil in both groups. Pancreatic fistula was diagnosed in 40 and 43% (p = 0.832) of patients and was grade A in 83 and 80% (p = 1.000) in RDP and LDP groups, respectively. Median postoperative hospital stay was similar in both groups (RDP: 8 days vs. LDP: 9 days, p = 0.310). Major complication occurred in 7% in RDP group and 13% in LDP group (p = 1.000). Ninety-days mortality was nil in both groups. No difference was found concerning R0 resection rate and median number of retrieved lymph nodes. Total cost of RDP was higher than LDP (13611 vs. 12509 €, p < 0.001). The difference between mean hospital incomes and costs was negative in RDP group contrary to LDP group (- 1269 vs. 1395 €, p = 0.040). CONCLUSION Short-term results of RDP seem to be similar to LDP but the high cost of RDP makes this approach not cost-effective actually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regis Souche
- Digestive and Minimally Invasive Surgery Unit, Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Saint Eloi Hospital, University of Montpellier, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France.
| | - Astrid Herrero
- Digestive and Minimally Invasive Surgery Unit, Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Saint Eloi Hospital, University of Montpellier, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Bourel
- Medical Information Department, La Colombière Hospital, University of Montpellier, 39 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - John Chauvat
- Digestive and Minimally Invasive Surgery Unit, Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Saint Eloi Hospital, University of Montpellier, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Pirlet
- Digestive and Minimally Invasive Surgery Unit, Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Saint Eloi Hospital, University of Montpellier, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Françoise Guillon
- Digestive and Minimally Invasive Surgery Unit, Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Saint Eloi Hospital, University of Montpellier, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - David Nocca
- Digestive and Minimally Invasive Surgery Unit, Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Saint Eloi Hospital, University of Montpellier, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Frederic Borie
- Digestive Surgery Department, Carémeau Hospital, University of Montpellier, Place du Professeur Debré, 30900, Nîmes, France
| | - Gregoire Mercier
- Medical Information Department, La Colombière Hospital, University of Montpellier, 39 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Michel Fabre
- Digestive and Minimally Invasive Surgery Unit, Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Saint Eloi Hospital, University of Montpellier, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France
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14
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Sahakyan MA, Haugvik SP, Røsok BI, Kazaryan AM, Ignjatovic D, Buanes T, Labori KJ, Verbeke CS, Edwin B. Can standardized pathology examination increase the lymph node yield following laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for ductal adenocarcinoma? HPB (Oxford) 2018; 20:175-181. [PMID: 28943397 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2017.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymph node yield (LNY) is an indicator of oncological adequacy of surgery in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Our hypothesis is that standardized pathology examination (SPE) aimed at accurate staging can increase the LNY without changing surgical technique. METHODS After the introduction of SPE for distal pancreatosplenectomy specimens at Oslo University Hospital, prospective data were collected on patients with PDAC undergoing laparoscopic distal pancreatosplenectomy (LDP). Their data were compared with retrospective data from specimens examined in a non-standardized way (NSPE). RESULTS SPE and NSPE were applied to 20 and 33 specimens, respectively. SPE was associated with a higher LNY and a higher median number of positive lymph nodes (PLN) in the specimen (18 vs 7, P = 0.001 and 4 vs 1, P = 0.005, respectively). In the stepwise regression model, SPE and younger age resulted in an increased LNY. In the logistic regression model, increased LNY and larger tumor size positively correlated with the presence of PLN. CONCLUSION SPE of distal pancreatosplenectomy specimens is associated with higher LNY in patients with PDAC, which increases the likelihood of detecting PLN and reduces the risk of understaging. These findings also indicate that the LDP technique provides an adequate LNY in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushegh A Sahakyan
- The Intervention Centre, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Sven P Haugvik
- Department of Surgery, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway; Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bård I Røsok
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Airazat M Kazaryan
- The Intervention Centre, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Digestive Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Dejan Ignjatovic
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Digestive Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Trond Buanes
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut J Labori
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Caroline S Verbeke
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Edwin
- The Intervention Centre, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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15
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Souche R, Fuks D, Perinel J, Herrero A, Guillon F, Pirlet I, Perniceni T, Borie F, Cunha AS, Gayet B, Fabre JM. Impact of laparoscopy in patients aged over 70 years requiring distal pancreatectomy: a French multicentric comparative study. Surg Endosc 2018; 32:3164-3173. [DOI: 10.1007/s00464-018-6033-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Sahakyan MA, Kim SC, Kleive D, Kazaryan AM, Song KB, Ignjatovic D, Buanes T, Røsok BI, Labori KJ, Edwin B. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Long-term oncologic outcomes after standard resection. Surgery 2017; 162:802-811. [PMID: 28756944 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection is the only curative option in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Little is known about the oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. This bi-institutional study aimed to examine the long-term oncologic results of standard laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy in a large cohort of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. METHODS From January 2002 to March 2016, 207 patients underwent standard laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma at Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet (Oslo, Norway) and Asan Medical Centre (Seoul, Republic of Korea). After the exclusion criteria were applied (distant metastases at operation, conversion to an open operation, loss to follow-up), 186 patients were eligible for the analysis. Perioperative and oncologic variables were analyzed for association with recurrence and survival. RESULTS Median overall and recurrence-free survivals were 32 and 16 months, while 5-year overall and recurrence-free survival rates were estimated to be 38.2% and 35.9%, respectively. Ninety-six (52%) patients developed recurrence: 56 (30%) extrapancreatic, 27 (15%) locoregional, and 13 (7%) combined locoregional and extrapancreatic. Thirty-seven (19.9%) patients had early recurrence (within 6 months of operation). In the multivariable analysis, tumor size >3 cm and no adjuvant chemotherapy were associated with early recurrence (P = .017 and P = .015, respectively). The Cox regression model showed that tumor size >3 cm and lymphovascular invasion were independent predictors of decreased recurrence-free and overall survival. CONCLUSION Standard laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy is associated with satisfactory long-term oncologic outcomes in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Several risk factors, such as tumor size >3 cm, no adjuvant chemotherapy, and lymphovascular invasion, are linked to poor prognosis after standard laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushegh A Sahakyan
- The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Song Cheol Kim
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dyre Kleive
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of HPB Surgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Airazat M Kazaryan
- The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Digestive Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Ki Byung Song
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dejan Ignjatovic
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Trond Buanes
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of HPB Surgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bård I Røsok
- Department of HPB Surgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Jørgen Labori
- Department of HPB Surgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Edwin
- The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of HPB Surgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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Klompmaker S, de Rooij T, Korteweg JJ, van Dieren S, van Lienden KP, van Gulik TM, Busch OR, Besselink MG. Systematic review of outcomes after distal pancreatectomy with coeliac axis resection for locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Br J Surg 2017; 103:941-9. [PMID: 27304847 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer involving the coeliac axis is considered unresectable by most guidelines, with a median survival of 6-11 months. A subgroup of these patients can undergo distal pancreatectomy with coeliac axis resection, but consensus on the value of this procedure is lacking. The evidence for this procedure, including the impact of preoperative hepatic artery embolization and (neo)adjuvant therapy, was evaluated. METHODS A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines until 27 May 2015. The primary endpoint was overall survival; secondary endpoints included morbidity and radical resection rates. RESULTS A total of 19 retrospective studies, involving 240 patients, were included. The methodological quality of the studies ranged from poor to moderate. A radical resection was reported in 74·5 per cent (152 of 204), major morbidity in 27 per cent (26 of 96), ischaemic morbidity in 9·0 per cent (21 of 223) and 90-day mortality in 3·5 per cent (4 of 113). Overall, 35·5 per cent of patients (55 of 155) underwent preoperative hepatic artery embolization without an apparent beneficial impact on ischaemic morbidity. Overall, 15·7 per cent (29 of 185) had neoadjuvant and 51·0 per cent (75 of 147) had adjuvant therapy. There was a difference in survival between patient series where less than half of patients had (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy and series where more than half were receiving this treatment: case-weighted median overall survival was 16 (range 9-48) versus 18 (10-26) months respectively (P = 0·002). Overall median survival for the whole study population was 14·4 (range 9-48) months. CONCLUSION Distal pancreatectomy with coeliac axis resection seems a valuable option for selected patients with pancreatic cancer involving the coeliac axis with acceptable morbidity and mortality, and a median survival of 18 months when combined with (neo)adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Klompmaker
- Departments of Surgery, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T de Rooij
- Departments of Surgery, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J J Korteweg
- Departments of Surgery, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S van Dieren
- Departments of Surgery, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K P van Lienden
- Departments of Interventional Radiology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T M van Gulik
- Departments of Surgery, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - O R Busch
- Departments of Surgery, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M G Besselink
- Departments of Surgery, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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18
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Sahakyan MA, Yaqub S, Kazaryan AM, Villanger O, Berstad AE, Labori KJ, Edwin B, Røsok BI. Laparoscopic Completion Pancreatectomy for Local Recurrence in the Pancreatic Remnant after Pancreaticoduodenectomy: Case Reports and Review of the Literature. J Gastrointest Cancer 2017; 47:509-513. [PMID: 26732389 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-015-9796-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mushegh A Sahakyan
- The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway. .,Institute for Clinical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Sheraz Yaqub
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Billiary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Airazat M Kazaryan
- The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Surgery, Finnmark Hospital, Kirkenes, Norway
| | - Olaug Villanger
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Billiary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Audun Elnæs Berstad
- Department of Radiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Jørgen Labori
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Billiary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Edwin
- The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Billiary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bård Ingvald Røsok
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Billiary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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Laparoscopic surgery for pancreatic neoplasms: the European association for endoscopic surgery clinical consensus conference. Surg Endosc 2017; 31:2023-2041. [PMID: 28205034 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-017-5414-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Introduced more than 20 years ago, laparoscopic pancreatic surgery (LAPS) has not reached a uniform acceptance among HPB surgeons. As a result, there is no consensus regarding its use in patients with pancreatic neoplasms. This study, organized by the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES), aimed to develop consensus statements and clinical recommendations on the application of LAPS in these patients. METHODS An international panel of experts was selected based on their clinical and scientific expertise in laparoscopic and open pancreatic surgery. Each panelist performed a critical appraisal of the literature and prepared evidence-based statements assessed by other panelists during Delphi process. The statements were further discussed during a one-day face-to-face meeting followed by the second round of Delphi. Modified statements were presented at the plenary session of the 24th International Congress of the EAES in Amsterdam and in a web-based survey. RESULTS LAPS included laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP), pancreatoduodenectomy (LPD), enucleation, central pancreatectomy, and ultrasound. In general, LAPS was found to be safe, especially in experienced hands, and also advantageous over an open approach in terms of intraoperative blood loss, postoperative recovery, and quality of life. Eighty-five percent or higher proportion of responders agreed with the majority (69.5%) of statements. However, the evidence is predominantly based on retrospective case-control studies and systematic reviews of these studies, clearly affected by selection bias. Furthermore, no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been published to date, although four RCTs are currently underway in Europe. CONCLUSIONS LAPS is currently in its development and exploration stages, as defined by the international IDEAL framework for surgical innovation. LDP is feasible and safe, performed in many centers, while LPD is limited to few centers. RCTs and registry studies are essential to proceed with the assessment of LAPS.
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20
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Sahakyan MA, Edwin B, Kazaryan AM, Barkhatov L, Buanes T, Ignjatovic D, Labori KJ, Røsok BI. Perioperative outcomes and survival in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2017; 24:42-48. [PMID: 27794204 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mushegh A. Sahakyan
- The Interventional Centre; Oslo University Hospital; 0027 Oslo Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine; Medical Faculty; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
- Department of Surgery; Yerevan State Medical University; Yerevan Armenia
| | - Bjørn Edwin
- The Interventional Centre; Oslo University Hospital; 0027 Oslo Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine; Medical Faculty; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
- Department of HPB Surgery; Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Norway
| | - Airazat M. Kazaryan
- The Interventional Centre; Oslo University Hospital; 0027 Oslo Norway
- Department of Digestive Surgery; Akershus University Hospital; University of Oslo; Lørenskog Norway
| | - Leonid Barkhatov
- The Interventional Centre; Oslo University Hospital; 0027 Oslo Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine; Medical Faculty; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - Trond Buanes
- Institute of Clinical Medicine; Medical Faculty; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
- Department of HPB Surgery; Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Norway
| | - Dejan Ignjatovic
- Department of Digestive Surgery; Akershus University Hospital; University of Oslo; Lørenskog Norway
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Wang K, Fan Y. Minimally Invasive Distal Pancreatectomy: Review of the English Literature. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2016; 27:134-140. [PMID: 27828724 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2016.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the superiority of the minimally invasive approach, which results in a better cosmetic result, faster recovery, and shorter length of hospital stay, is a technique that has been progressively recognized as it has developed. And the minimally invasive approach has been applied to distal pancreatectomy (DP), which is a standard method for the treatment of benign, borderline, and part of malignant lesions of the pancreatic body and tail. This article aims to analyze the types, postoperative recovery, and outcomes of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP). MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search of the scientific literature was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, online journals, and the Internet for all publications on LDP. Articles were selected if the abstract contained patients who underwent LDP for pancreatic diseases. All selected articles were reviewed and analyzed. RESULTS If there were no contraindications for LDP, this operation is suitable for benign, borderline, or malignant tumors of the pancreatic body and tail, which should try to be performed with preservation of the spleen. LDP is safe and feasible under some conditions to experienced surgeon. Single-incision laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (S-LDP) and robotic laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (R-LDP) perioperative outcomes are similar with conventional multi-incision laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (C-LDP). And the advantages of S-LDP and R-LDP require further exploration. With the application of enhanced recovery program (ERP), length of hospital stay and costs are reduced. CONCLUSIONS LDP is safe and feasible under some conditions. Compared with open distal pancreatectomy, LDP has a lot of advantages; a trend was observed for LDP to replace traditional open surgery. LDP combined with ERP is expected to become standard in the treatment of pancreatic body and tail lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Department of the Second General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University , Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of the Second General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University , Shenyang, China
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Zhang YH, Zhang CW, Hu ZM, Hong DF. Pancreatic cancer: Open or minimally invasive surgery? World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:7301-7310. [PMID: 27621576 PMCID: PMC4997638 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i32.7301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma is one of the most fatal malignancies, with R0 resection remaining the most important part of treatment of this malignancy. However, pancreatectomy is believed to be one of the most challenging procedures and R0 resection remains the only chance for patients with pancreatic cancer to have a good prognosis. Some surgeons have tried minimally invasive pancreatic surgery, but the short- and long-term outcomes of pancreatic malignancy remain controversial between open and minimally invasive procedures. We collected comparative data about minimally invasive and open pancreatic surgery. The available evidence suggests that minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD) is as safe and feasible as open PD (OPD), and shows some benefit, such as less intraoperative blood loss and shorter postoperative hospital stay. Despite the limited evidence for MIPD in pancreatic cancer, most of the available data show that the short-term oncological adequacy is similar between MIPD and OPD. Some surgical techniques, including superior mesenteric artery-first approach and laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy with major vein resection, are believed to improve the rate of R0 resection. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy is less technically demanding and is accepted in more pancreatic centers. It is technically safe and feasible and has similar short-term oncological prognosis compared with open distal pancreatectomy.
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Sahakyan MA, Røsok BI, Kazaryan AM, Barkhatov L, Lai X, Kleive D, Ignjatovic D, Labori KJ, Edwin B. Impact of obesity on surgical outcomes of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy: A Norwegian single-center study. Surgery 2016; 160:1271-1278. [PMID: 27498300 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2016.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is known as a risk factor for intra- and postoperative complications in pancreatic operation. However, the operative outcomes in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy remain unclear. METHODS A total number of 423 patients underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy at Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet from April 1997 to December 2015. Patients were categorized into 3 groups based on the body mass index: normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2), and obese (≥30 kg/m2). After excluding underweight patients, 402 patients were enrolled in this study. RESULTS Obese patients had significantly longer operative time and increased blood loss compared with overweight and normal weight patients (190 [61-480] minutes vs 158 [56-520] minutes vs 153 [29-374] minutes, P = .009 and 200 [0-2,800] mL vs 50 [0-6250] mL vs 90 [0-2,000] mL, P = .01, respectively). A multiple linear regression analysis identified obesity as predictive of prolonged operative time and increased blood loss during laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. The rates of clinically relevant pancreatic fistula and severe complications (≥grade III by Accordion classification) were comparable in the 3 groups (P = .23 and P = .37, respectively). A multivariate logistic regression model did not demonstrate an association between obesity and postoperative morbidity (P = .09). The duration of hospital stay was comparable in the 3 groups (P = .13). CONCLUSION In spite of longer operative time and greater blood loss, laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy in obese patients is associated with satisfactory postoperative outcomes, similar to those in normal weight and overweight patients. Hence, laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy should be equally considered both in obese and nonobese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushegh A Sahakyan
- Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Surgery No1, Yerevan State Medical University after M.Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Bård Ingvald Røsok
- Department of HPB Sugery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Airazat M Kazaryan
- Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Digestive Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Leonid Barkhatov
- Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Xiaoran Lai
- Department of Biostatistics, Oslo Center for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dyre Kleive
- Department of HPB Sugery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dejan Ignjatovic
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Knut Jørgen Labori
- Department of HPB Sugery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Edwin
- Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of HPB Sugery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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Fernández-Cruz L, Poves I, Pelegrina A, Burdío F, Sánchez-Cabus S, Grande L. Laparoscopic Distal Pancreatectomy for Pancreatic Tumors: Does Size Matter? Dig Surg 2016; 33:290-8. [PMID: 27216800 DOI: 10.1159/000445008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) for large pancreatic tumors may require prolonged dissection, and this could be associated with increased operative time and intraoperative complications. METHODS From a total cohort of 190 consecutive patients undergoing LDP, 18 patients were found to have pancreatic tumors >5 cm and were included in the retrospective study of prospectively collected data. Three techniques were used to approach the splenic vessels: the superior pancreatic, the inferior supracolic and post-pancreatic transection. RESULTS Of these 18 patients, 13 were women and 5 were men, the median age was 68 years and their median tumor size 7 cm. Exocrine pancreatic malignancy was diagnosed in 8 patients, 6 patients had neuroendocrine pancreatic tumors and 4 patients cystic neoplasm. The median number of resected nodes was 14. R1 resections for exocrine pancreatic malignancies were found in 50% of patients. Morbidity (grade >II) was found in 16.6% of patients and 30 days mortality in 1 patient. Overall median survival was 50 months and 29 months for patients with exocrine pancreatic malignancies. CONCLUSIONS LDP for large tumors, while technically demanding, is possible without additional morbidity and did not compromise short- and long-term oncological outcomes.
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25
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de Rooij T, Klompmaker S, Abu Hilal M, Kendrick ML, Busch OR, Besselink MG. Laparoscopic pancreatic surgery for benign and malignant disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 13:227-38. [PMID: 26882881 DOI: 10.1038/nrgastro.2016.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Laparoscopic surgery for benign and malignant pancreatic lesions has slowly been gaining acceptance over the past decade and is being introduced in many centres. Some studies suggest that this approach is equivalent to or better than open surgery, but randomized data are needed to assess outcomes. In this Review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in laparoscopic pancreatic surgery by aggregating high-quality published evidence. Various aspects, including the benefits, limitations, oncological efficacy, learning curve and latest innovations, are discussed. The focus is on laparoscopic Whipple procedure and laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for both benign and malignant disease, but robot-assisted surgery is also addressed. Surgical and oncological outcomes are discussed as well as quality of life parameters and the cost efficiency of laparoscopic pancreatic surgery. We have also included decision-aid algorithms based on the literature and our own expertise; these algorithms can assist in the decision to perform a laparoscopic or open procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thijs de Rooij
- Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sjors Klompmaker
- Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mohammad Abu Hilal
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Michael L Kendrick
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Olivier R Busch
- Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marc G Besselink
- Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
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26
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Nakanuma Y. Pre-invasive intraductal papillary neoplasm of the pancreatobiliary system. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2016; 40:133-5. [PMID: 26774364 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuni Nakanuma
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Sunto-Nagaizumi 1007, 411-8777 Shizuoka, Japan.
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27
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Afridi SA, Kazaryan AM, Marangos IP, Røsok BI, Fretland ÅA, Yaqub S, Edwin B. Laparoscopic surgery for solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas. JSLS 2016; 18:236-42. [PMID: 24960486 PMCID: PMC4035633 DOI: 10.4293/108680813x13753907291837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Solid pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas are rare and occur most frequently in young women. They have an uncertain pathogenesis and unclear clinical behavior. Our aim was to evaluate the clinical presentation of solid pseudopapillary tumors and assess the efficacy of treatment with minimally invasive surgery. Methods: From March 1997 to February 2011, 13 of 273 patients who underwent laparoscopic procedures on the pancreas were found to have solid pseudopapillary tumors. There were 12 female patients and 1 male patient. The median age was 21 years (range, 15–77 years). Abdominal pain was the most common presenting symptom (n = 9). Tumors were incidentally found in 3 patients on computed tomography scans obtained for other reasons. Results: Enucleation of the tumor was performed in 4 patients, including 3 in whom the tumor was located in the head of the pancreas. Eight patients underwent distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy, whereas spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy was performed in one case. The median tumor size was 6 cm (range, 1.5–11 cm), the median operative time was 197 minutes (range, 68–320 minutes), and the median blood loss was 50 mL (range, <50–750 mL). Distal resections were performed with a linear stapler. Four patients had postoperative complications. The median length of hospital stay was 5 days (range, 2–12 days). During a median follow-up period of 11 months (range, 3–121 months), no local recurrences or distant metastases were found. Conclusion: Laparoscopic resections and enucleations of solid pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas can be performed safely and with adequate resection margins even if the tumors are located in the head of the organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabbir A Afridi
- Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Airazat M Kazaryan
- Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Surgery, Skien Hospital, Sykehuset Telemark Health Trust, Skien, Norway
| | - Irina Pavlik Marangos
- Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bård I Røsok
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Åsmund A Fretland
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sheraz Yaqub
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Edwin
- Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0027, Oslo, Norway; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Laparoscopic Distal Pancreatectomy for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Time for a Randomized Controlled Trial? Results of an All-inclusive National Observational Study. Ann Surg 2016; 262:868-73; discussion 873-4. [PMID: 26583678 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000001479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to compare at a national level, the early and long-term outcome of distal pancreatectomy (DP) performed by laparoscopy (LapDP) or open surgery (OpenDP) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). BACKGROUND DATA LapDP is feasible and safe for benign conditions but its use for PDAC is controversial. METHODS French healthcare databases were screened to identify all patients who had undergone LapDP or OpenDP for PDAC between 2007 and 2012. Endpoints were (i) 90-day mortality, (ii) morbidity, (iii) transfusion rate, (iv) length of hospital stay (LOS), and (v) long-term survival. Logistic regression and adjusted Cox models were used to compare LapDP and OpenDP with regard to these outcomes. Confounders included (i) patients' characteristics; (ii) associated surgical procedures; and (iii) characteristics of the hospital. Performance of the resulting models was determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS Over the 6-year period, there were 2753 operations for PDAC: 2406 OpenDP and 347 LapDP (12.6%). The overall 90-day mortality rate was 5.2%; median LOS was 15 days, and median survival was 38 months. LapDP was not correlated with 90-day mortality but was associated with reduced pleuropulmonary morbidity (odds ratio (OR) 0.73, P = 0.028), blood transfusion (OR 0.44, P = 0.001), and LOS (P = 0.042), and was associated with increased survival (P = 0.0007). CONCLUSIONS LapDP has not been adopted widely for PDAC. The early and long-term results of LapDP as currently practiced are as good as those of OpenDP. The next step in the evaluation of LapDP should be a randomized controlled trial (RCT), but such a trial is likely to suffer from insufficient recruitment.
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29
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Nakanuma Y, Kakuda Y, Uesaka K, Miyata T, Yamamoto Y, Fukumura Y, Sato Y, Sasaki M, Harada K, Takase M. Characterization of intraductal papillary neoplasm of bile duct with respect to histopathologic similarities to pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. Hum Pathol 2016; 51:103-13. [PMID: 27067788 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intraductal papillary neoplasm of bile duct (IPNB) is a papillary tumor covered by well-differentiated neoplastic epithelium with fine fibrovascular cores in the dilated bile ducts. It reportedly shows similarities to intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of pancreas (IPMN), to various degrees. Herein, IPNB was pathologically analyzed by classifying 52 cases into 4 groups based on the histopathologic similarities to IPMN: group A (identical to IPMN, 19 cases), group B (similar to but slightly different from IPMN, 18 cases), group C (vaguely similar to IPMN, 5 cases), and group D (different from IPMN, 10 cases). In group A, intrahepatic and perihilar regions were mainly affected, most cases were of low/intermediate or high grade without invasion, and gastric type was the most common phenotype, followed by oncocytic and intestinal types. In groups C and D, perihilar and distal bile ducts were affected, almost all cases were of high grade with invasion, and most of them were of intestinal and pancreatobiliary phenotypes. Most group B cases were of intestinal phenotype, and all were of high grade with or without invasion. In conclusion, these 4 groups of IPNB showed unique pathologic features and behaviors. Group A cases were less aggressive and shared many features with IPMN, whereas group C and D cases were more aggressive and mainly found in perihilar and distal bile ducts. Group B resembling IPMN was intermediate between them. This classification may be useful in clinical practice and holds promise for a novel approach to analyze IPNB tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuni Nakanuma
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan.
| | - Yuko Kakuda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Uesaka
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Takashi Miyata
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamamoto
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukumura
- Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yasunori Sato
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Motoko Sasaki
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Masaru Takase
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Koshigaya City Hospital, Koshigaya 343-8577, Japan
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30
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Sahakyan MA, Kazaryan AM, Rawashdeh M, Fuks D, Shmavonyan M, Haugvik SP, Labori KJ, Buanes T, Røsok BI, Ignjatovic D, Abu Hilal M, Gayet B, Kim SC, Edwin B. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: results of a multicenter cohort study on 196 patients. Surg Endosc 2015; 30:3409-18. [PMID: 26514135 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-015-4623-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopy is widely accepted as a feasible option for distal pancreatectomy. However, the experience in laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is limited to a small number of studies, reported by expert centers. The present study aimed to evaluate perioperative and oncological outcomes after LDP for PDAC in a large, multicenter cohort of patients. METHODS A retrospective analysis of the data on 196 patients with histologically verified PDAC, operated at Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet (Oslo, Norway), Asan Medical Center (Seoul, Republic of Korea), Institut Mutualiste Montsouris (Paris, France) and University Hospital Southampton (Southampton, UK) between January 2002 and April 2015 was conducted. The patients with standard (SLDP) and extended (i.e., en bloc with adjacent organ, ELDP) resections were compared in terms of perioperative and oncological outcomes. RESULTS Out of 196 LDP procedures, 191 (97.4 %) were completed through laparoscopy, while five (2.6 %) were converted to open surgery. ELDP was performed in 30 (15.7 %) cases. Sixty-one (31.9 %) patients experienced postoperative complications, including 48 (25.1 %) with pancreatic fistula. The rate of clinically relevant fistula (grade B/C) was 15.7 %. Median postoperative hospital stay was 8 (2-63) days. Median follow-up was 16 months. Median survival was 31.3 months (95 % CI 22.9-39.6). Three- and 5-year actuarial survival rates were 42.4 and 30 %, respectively. SLDP was associated with significantly higher survival compared with ELDP (p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS LDP seems to be a feasible and safe procedure, providing satisfactory oncological outcomes in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushegh A Sahakyan
- The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, 0027, Oslo, Norway. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Surgery No 1, Yerevan State Medical University After M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Airazat M Kazaryan
- The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, 0027, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Surgery, Finnmark Hospital, Kirkenes, Norway
| | - Majd Rawashdeh
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - David Fuks
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et Robotique (ISIR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Mark Shmavonyan
- The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, 0027, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sven-Petter Haugvik
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Billiary Sugery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Surgery, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Knut Jørgen Labori
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Billiary Sugery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trond Buanes
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Billiary Sugery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bård Ingvald Røsok
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Billiary Sugery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dejan Ignjatovic
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Lørenskog, Norway
| | | | - Brice Gayet
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et Robotique (ISIR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Song Cheol Kim
- Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bjørn Edwin
- The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, 0027, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Billiary Sugery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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31
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Schlöricke E, Hoffmann M, Kujath P, Shetty GM, Scheer F, Liedke MO, Zimmermann M. Laparoscopic Pylorus- and Spleen-Preserving Duodenopancreatectomy for a Multifocal Neuroendocrine Tumor. VISZERALMEDIZIN 2015; 31:364-9. [PMID: 26989393 PMCID: PMC4789911 DOI: 10.1159/000439335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background In contrast to laparoscopic left pancreatic resection, laparoscopic total duodenopancreatectomy is a procedure that has not been standardized until now. It is not only the complexity that limits such a procedure but also its rare indication. The following article demonstrates the technical aspects of laparoscopic pylorus- and spleen-preserving duodenopancreatectomy. Case Report The indication for intervention in the underlying case was a patient diagnosed with a multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) I syndrome and a multifocal neuroendocrine tumor (NET) infiltrating the duodenum and the pancreas. The patient was post median laparotomy which was necessary after jejunal perforation due to a peptic ulcer. The resection was carried out entirely laparoscopically, and the reconstruction, which included a biliodigestive anastomosis and a gastroenterostomy, was carried out by means of a median upper abdomen laparotomy of 7 cm in length through which the resected specimen was also removed. The total operative time was 391 min. The blood loss accounted for 250 ml. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on the eighth postoperative day. Conclusion Laparoscopic pancreatectomy is a treatment option in carefully selected indications. The complexity of the operation demands a high level of expertise in the surgical team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Schlöricke
- Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, West Coast Hospital Heide, Heide, Germany
| | - Martin Hoffmann
- Department of Surgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Peter Kujath
- Department of Surgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ganesh M Shetty
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, West Coast Hospital Heide, Heide, Germany
| | - Fabian Scheer
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, West Coast Hospital Heide, Heide, Germany
| | - Marc O Liedke
- Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, West Coast Hospital Heide, Heide, Germany
| | - Markus Zimmermann
- Department of Surgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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32
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Postlewait LM, Kooby DA. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for adenocarcinoma: safe and reasonable? J Gastrointest Oncol 2015; 6:406-17. [PMID: 26261727 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2078-6891.2015.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a result of technological advances during the past two decades, surgeons now use minimally invasive surgery (MIS) approaches to pancreatic resection more frequently, yet the role of these approaches for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma resections remains uncertain, given the aggressive nature of this malignancy. Although there are no controlled trials comparing MIS technique to open surgical technique, laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma is performed with increasing frequency. Data from retrospective studies suggest that perioperative complication profiles between open and laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy are similar, with perhaps lower blood loss and fewer wound infections in the MIS group. Concerning oncologic outcomes, there appear to be no differences in the rate of achieving negative margins or in the number of lymph nodes (LNs) resected when compared to open surgery. There are limited recurrence and survival data on laparoscopic compared to open distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but in the few studies that assess long term outcomes, recurrence rates and survival outcomes appear similar. Recent studies show that though laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy entails a greater operative cost, the associated shorter length of hospital stay leads to decreased overall cost compared to open procedures. Multiple new technologies are emerging to improve resection of pancreatic cancer. Robotic pancreatectomy is feasible, but there are limited data on robotic resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and outcomes appear similar to laparoscopic approaches. Additionally fluorescence-guided surgery represents a new technology on the horizon that could improve oncologic outcomes after resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, though published data thus far are limited to animal models. Overall, MIS distal pancreatectomy appears to be a safe and reasonable approach to treating selected patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, though additional studies of long-term oncologic outcomes are merited. We review existing data on MIS distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Postlewait
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - David A Kooby
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Abstract
Distal pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy with insidious and subtle presentation, low radical resection rate and poor prognosis. The effectiveness of treatments for this disease remains to be improved. Radical resection is the only curable treatment. Personalized therapeutic strategy with surgical resection as a core should be the standard mode for these patients, and a professional multidisciplinary team is indispensable. Patients with borderline resectable cancers may benefit from a neoadjuvant approach by initiating chemotherapy and/or chemoradiation prior to the resection. Radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) is designed to establish an operation with oncologic rationales and should be the standard radical resection mode for distal pancreatic cancer. The use of diagnostic laparoscopy can help find hepatic metastases and peritoneal dissemination to avoid an unnecessary open operation. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy has many advantages compared with open operation, but is only applicable to early-stage patients with small tumors. In addition, the long-term oncologic effects of this surgical procedure still need to be verified, and it should be carried out selectively. Radical distal (or left) pancreatectomy with resection of the celiac axis (DP-CAR) is proper for some patients with evidence of celiac arterial invasion and should be conducted meticulously. However, new breakthroughs in early diagnosis and genetically personalized therapy are urgently needed. We still need prospective, randomized studies in multicenter institutions to provide more evidence for the neoadjuvant approach and laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy.
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Mohkam K, Farges O, Pruvot FR, Muscari F, Régimbeau JM, Regenet N, Sa Cunha A, Dokmak S, Mabrut JY. Toward a standard technique for laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy? Synthesis of the 2013 ACHBT Spring workshop. J Visc Surg 2015; 152:167-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Minimally invasive pancreatectomy for cancer: a critical review of the current literature. J Gastrointest Surg 2015; 19:375-86. [PMID: 25389057 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-014-2695-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has transformed operative practices by offering patients procedures with reduced hospital stay and recovery compared to that of open operations. In spite of the advantages of a MIS approach, the application to pancreatectomy has only recently emerged. This review aims to analyze and discuss available comparative studies as they relate to resection techniques for treatment of malignant disease. A PubMed search was used to obtain original studies and meta-analyses relating to MIS pancreatectomy from 2008 to 2013. Several studies were identified that reported on the application of MIS specifically to the treatment of cancer, many of which were retrospective, single-institution studies. Notwithstanding an inherent selection bias, several studies suggest that MIS can provide equivalent R0 resection rates, number of lymph nodes harvested, and survival to that of open resection. Furthermore, parameters such as blood loss and length of stay are significantly reduced in patients treated with MIS. The current literature supports the conclusion that MIS is safe and effective as a treatment for cancer in well-selected patients in the hands of experienced surgeons. However, the published studies to date are observational in nature and therefore higher quality studies will be needed to support the application and generalizability of MIS in the treatment of pancreatic malignancies.
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A prospective non-randomised single-center study comparing laparoscopic and robotic distal pancreatectomy. Surg Endosc 2015; 29:3163-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s00464-014-4043-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Liang S, Hameed U, Jayaraman S. Laparoscopic pancreatectomy: Indications and outcomes. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:14246-14254. [PMID: 25339811 PMCID: PMC4202353 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of minimally invasive approaches to pancreatic resection for benign and malignant diseases has been growing in the last two decades. Studies have demonstrated that laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) is feasible and safe, and many of them show that compared to open distal pancreatectomy, LDP has decreased blood loss and length of hospital stay, and equivalent post-operative complication rates and short-term oncologic outcomes. LDP is becoming the procedure of choice for benign or small low-grade malignant lesions in the distal pancreas. Minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD) has not yet been widely adopted. There is no clear evidence in favor of MIPD over open pancreaticoduodenectomy in operative time, blood loss, length of stay or rate of complications. Robotic surgery has recently been applied to pancreatectomy, and many of the advantages of laparoscopy over open surgery have been observed in robotic surgery. Laparoscopic enucleation is considered safe for patients with small, benign or low-grade malignant lesions of the pancreas that is amenable to parenchyma-preserving procedure. As surgeons’ experience with advanced laparoscopic and robotic skills has been growing around the world, new innovations and breakthrough in minimally invasive pancreatic procedures will evolve.
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Björnsson B, Sandström P. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:13402-13411. [PMID: 25309072 PMCID: PMC4188893 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i37.13402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first report on laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) appeared in the 1990s, the procedure has been performed increasingly frequently to treat both benign and malignant lesions of the pancreas. Many earlier publications have shown LDP to be a good alternative to open distal pancreatectomy for benign lesions, although this has never been studied in a prospective, randomized manner. The evidence for the use of LDP to treat adenocarcinoma of the pancreas is not as well established. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the current evidence for LDP in cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We conducted a review of English language publications reporting LDP results between 1990 and 2013. All studies reporting results in patients with histologically proven pancreatic adenocarcinoma were included. Thirty-nine publications were found and included in the results for a total of 309 cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (potential double publications were not eliminated). Most LDP procedures are performed in selected cases and generally involve smaller tumors than open distal pancreatectomy (ODP) procedures. Some of the papers report unselected cases and include procedures on larger tumors. The number of lymph nodes harvested using LDP is comparable to the number obtained with ODP, as is the frequency of R0 resections. Current data suggest that similar short term oncological results can be obtained using LDP as those obtained using ODP.
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Rehman S, John SKP, Lochan R, Jaques BC, Manas DM, Charnley RM, French JJ, White SA. Oncological feasibility of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for adenocarcinoma: a single-institution comparative study. World J Surg 2014; 38:476-83. [PMID: 24081543 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-013-2268-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) is performed increasingly for pancreatic pathology in the body and tail of the pancreas. However, only few reports have compared its oncological efficacy with open distal pancreatectomy (ODP). We compared these two techniques in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. METHODS From a prospectively maintained database, all patients who underwent either LDP or ODP for adenocarcinoma in the body and tail of the pancreas between January 2008 and December 2011 were compared. Data were analysed using SPSS(®) v19 utilising standard tests. A p value <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Of 101 patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy, 22 had histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma (LDP n = 8, ODP n = 14). Both groups were well matched for age and the size of tumour (22 vs. 32 mm, p = 0.22). Intraoperative blood loss was 306 ml compared with 650 ml for ODP (p = 0.152). A longer operative time was noted for LDP (376 vs. 274 min, p < 0.05). Total length of stay was shorter for LDP compared with ODP (8 vs. 12 days, p = 0.05). The number of postoperative pancreatic fistulas were similar (LDP n = 2 vs. ODP n = 3, p = 0.5). Complete resection (R0) was achieved in 88 % of LDP (n = 7) compared with 86 % of ODP (n = 12). The median number of lymph nodes harvested was 16 for LDP versus 14 for ODP. Overall 3-year survival also was similar: LDP = 82 %, ODP = 74 % (p = 0.89). CONCLUSIONS From an oncological perspective, LDP is a viable procedure and its results are comparable to ODP for ductal adenocarcinomas arising in the body and tail of the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rehman
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Freeman Road, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK,
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Kuroki T, Eguchi S. Laparoscopic distal pancreatosplenectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Surg Today 2014; 45:808-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-014-1021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most aggressive cancers, and the decline in mortality observed in most other cancer diseases, has so far not taken place in pancreatic cancer. Complete tumor resection is a requirement for potential cure, and the reorganization of care in the direction of high patient-volume centers, offering multimodal treatment, has improved survival and Quality of Life. Also the rates and severity grade of complications are improving in high-volume pancreatic centers. One of the major problems worldwide is underutilization of surgery in resectable pancreatic cancer. Suboptimal investigation, follow up and oncological treatment outside specialized centers are additional key problems. New chemotherapeutic regimens like FOLFIRINOX have improved survival in patients with metastatic disease, and different adjuvant treatment options result in well documented survival benefit. Neoadjuvant treatment is highly relevant, but needs further evaluation. Also adjuvant immunotherapy, in the form of vaccination with synthetic K-Ras-peptides, has been shown to produce long term immunological memory in cytotoxic T-cells in long term survivors. Improvement in clinical outcome is already achievable and further progress is expected in the near future for patients treated with curative as well as palliative intention.
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Kang CM, Lee SH, Lee WJ. Minimally invasive radical pancreatectomy for left-sided pancreatic cancer: Current status and future perspectives. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:2343-2351. [PMID: 24605031 PMCID: PMC3942837 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i9.2343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy has been regarded as a safe and effective treatment for benign and borderline malignant pancreatic lesions. However, its application for left-sided pancreatic cancer is still being debated. The clinical evidence for radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS)-based minimally invasive approaches for left-sided pancreatic cancer was reviewed. Potential indications and surgical concepts for minimally invasive RAMPS were suggested. Despite the limited clinical evidence for minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy in left-sided pancreatic cancer, the currently available clinical evidence supports the use of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy under oncologic principles in well-selected left sided pancreatic cancers. A pancreas-confined tumor with an intact fascia layer between the pancreas and left adrenal gland/kidney positioned more than 1 or 2 cm away from the celiac axis is thought to constitute a good condition for the use of margin-negative minimally invasive RAMPS. The use of minimally invasive (laparoscopic or robotic) anterior RAMPS is feasible and safe for margin-negative resection in well-selected left-sided pancreatic cancer. The oncologic feasibility of the procedure remains to be determined; however, the currently available interim results indicate that even oncologic outcomes will not be inferior to those of open radical distal pancreatosplenectomy.
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Han DH, Kang CM, Lee WJ, Chi HS. A five-year survivor without recurrence following robotic anterior radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy for a well-selected left-sided pancreatic cancer. Yonsei Med J 2014; 55:276-9. [PMID: 24339319 PMCID: PMC3874893 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2014.55.1.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) is regarded as a reasonable approach for margin-negative and systemic lymph node clearance in left-sided pancreatic cancer. We present a patient with more than 5 years disease-free survival after robotic anterior RAMPS for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in the body of the pancreas. The distal part of pancreas, soft tissue around the celiac trunk, and the origin of splenic vessels was dissected with the underlying fascia between the pancreas and adrenal gland. Resected specimen was removed through small vertical abdominal incision. Robot working time was about 8 hours, and blood loss was about 700 mL without blood transfusion. He returned to an oral diet on the postoperative first day and recovered without any clinically relevant complications. There was no lymph node metastasis, perineural or lymphovascular invasion. Both the pancreatic resection margin and the tangential posterior margin were free of carcinoma. The patient received only postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy around the tumor bed. The patient has survived for more than 5 years without evidence of cancer recurrence. Minimally invasive radical left-sided pancreatectomy with splenectomy may be oncologically feasible in well-selected pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Hoon Han
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Korea.
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Haugvik SP, Røsok BI, Waage A, Mathisen O, Edwin B. Single-incision versus conventional laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy: a single-institution case-control study. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2013; 398:1091-6. [PMID: 24177746 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-013-1133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy is becoming increasingly established at specialized surgical institutions worldwide. The purpose of this study was to compare single-incision laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (panLESS) with conventional laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (panLAP) to assess feasibility and 30-day morbidity. METHODS Eight consecutive patients who underwent panLESS were matched with patients who underwent panLAP in the same time period. Matching criteria were age, body mass index, and American Society of Anesthesiologists score. Feasibility was based on tumor size, operative time, intraoperative bleeding, resection status, and hospital stay. Thirty-day morbidity was defined by the revised Accordion Classification system and the International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula definition. RESULTS Over a 19-month period, 8 and 16 patients were identified for panLESS and panLAP, respectively. There were no significant differences in tumor size, operative time, intraoperative bleeding, resection status, and hospital stay between the two groups. Surgical complications developed in four panLESS patients and five panLAP patients, and out of which, two patients from each group developed a postoperative pancreatic fistula (grade B). CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that panLESS is comparable to panLAP in terms of feasibility. More experience is needed to define what role single-incision distal pancreatectomy should have in minimal invasive pancreatic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven-Petter Haugvik
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372, Oslo, Norway,
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Abstract
Minimally invasive surgical approaches for pancreatic resection have been established as feasible and safe. Whereas widespread application of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy is in progress, the utilization of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy is still localized to a few centers because of the added complexity and advanced laparoscopic skills required. Comparative studies have demonstrated the typical advantages of minimally invasive approaches for pancreatic resection, namely, less blood loss and shorter hospital stay. Robotic assistance for laparoscopic approaches is gaining interest, but the true value added is still undefined. Significant discussion revolves around the appropriateness of minimally invasive approaches in pancreatic cancer. Although limited data and only short-term follow-up engender ongoing skepticism, the technical feasibility, existing reports in pancreatic cancer, and the lack of negative outcomes in other gastrointestinal cancers spark ongoing clinical evaluation. Minimally invasive surgical approaches have significant potential to improve the outcomes of pancreatic resection especially in pancreatic cancer patients in whom an optimal recovery is important for adjuvant treatment options. Larger experiences are forthcoming, and controlled trials are eagerly awaited; however, the feasibility of such is questionable because of the low incidence of resectable pancreatic cancer and the small number of centers performing minimally invasive pancreatectomy for malignancy.
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Morbidity assessment in surgery: refinement proposal based on a concept of perioperative adverse events. ISRN SURGERY 2013; 2013:625093. [PMID: 23762627 PMCID: PMC3671541 DOI: 10.1155/2013/625093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background. Morbidity is a cornerstone assessing surgical treatment; nevertheless surgeons have not reached extensive consensus on this problem. Methods and Findings. Clavien, Dindo, and Strasberg with coauthors (1992, 2004, 2009, and 2010) made significant efforts to the standardization of surgical morbidity (Clavien-Dindo-Strasberg classification, last revision, the Accordion classification). However, this classification includes only postoperative complications and has two principal shortcomings: disregard of intraoperative events and confusing terminology. Postoperative events have a major impact on patient well-being. However, intraoperative events should also be recorded and reported even if they do not evidently affect the patient's postoperative well-being. The term surgical complication applied in the Clavien-Dindo-Strasberg classification may be regarded as an incident resulting in a complication caused by technical failure of surgery, in contrast to the so-called medical complications. Therefore, the term surgical complication contributes to misinterpretation of perioperative morbidity. The term perioperative adverse events comprising both intraoperative unfavourable incidents and postoperative complications could be regarded as better alternative. In 2005, Satava suggested a simple grading to evaluate intraoperative surgical errors. Based on that approach, we have elaborated a 3-grade classification of intraoperative incidents so that it can be used to grade intraoperative events of any type of surgery. Refinements have been made to the Accordion classification of postoperative complications. Interpretation. The proposed systematization of perioperative adverse events utilizing the combined application of two appraisal tools, that is, the elaborated classification of intraoperative incidents on the basis of the Satava approach to surgical error evaluation together with the modified Accordion classification of postoperative complication, appears to be an effective tool for comprehensive assessment of surgical outcomes. This concept was validated in regard to various surgical procedures. Broad implementation of this approach will promote the development of surgical science and practice.
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Abu Hilal M, Takhar AS. Laparoscopic left pancreatectomy: current concepts. Pancreatology 2013; 13:443-8. [PMID: 23890145 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2013.04.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The minimally invasive approach has been slow to gain acceptance in the field of pancreatic surgery even though its advantages over the open approach have been extensively documented in the medical literature. The reasons for the reluctant use of the technique are manifold. Laparoscopic distal or left sided pancreatic resections have slowly become the standard approach to lesions of the pancreatic body and tail as a result of evolution in technology and experience. A number of studies have shown the potential advantages of the technique in terms of safety, blood loss, oncological and economic feasibility, hospital stay and time to recovery from surgery. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent advances in the field of laparoscopic left pancreatectomy (LLP) and discuss potential future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abu Hilal
- University Surgical Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom.
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2013; 18:111-30. [PMID: 23299306 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e32835daf68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Haugvik SP, Edwin B. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy: trends in surgical technique. J Am Coll Surg 2012; 215:899-900; author reply 900-2. [PMID: 23164147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2012.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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