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Torres-Costa S, Ribeiro M, Tavares-Correia J, Godinho G, Alves-Faria P, Falcão M, Sousa AR. Optical coherence tomography angiography based prognostic factors and visual outcomes in primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after pars plana vitrectomy. Int J Retina Vitreous 2024; 10:57. [PMID: 39175090 PMCID: PMC11340168 DOI: 10.1186/s40942-024-00574-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the visual outcomes and changes in the retinal microcirculation in patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) following successful pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). METHODS Nine macula-on RRD and 23 macula-off RRD eyes were retrospectively evaluated. Clinical data was collected at admission and 3 months after PPV. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was performed 3 months after PPV. Superficial vascular plexus data obtained with OCTA was compared between affected and fellow eyes and according to macular involvement. Quantitative measurements of the superficial retinal capillary associated with the preoperative and intraoperative factors were analyzed. RESULTS Overall RRD inner vessel densities (IVD), full vessel densities (FVD), inner perfusion densities (IPD) and full perfusion densities (FPD) were significantly and positively correlated with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA)(p = 0.002, p = 0.006, p = 0.009, p = 0.023, respectively). In the macula-off RRD, IVD and FVD were significantly decreased compared with macula-on RRD (p = 0.014 and p = 0.034, respectively) and significantly correlated with a longer duration and larger extension of detachment. Higher differences of IVD and FVD between the fellow and affected eyes were significantly correlated with worse BCVA in the macula-off subgroup. CONCLUSION Macula-off RRD presented worse OCTA superficial vascular parameters compared with the macula-on group and fellow eyes, which were correlated with a poorer visual outcome and exacerbated by a longer duration and larger extension of the detachment. Macula-off RRD causes not only retinal structural damage but also a reduction in retinal perfusion despite successful anatomical repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia Torres-Costa
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Ribeiro
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - João Tavares-Correia
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Godinho
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Pedro Alves-Faria
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Falcão
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Amândio Rocha Sousa
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Lu B, Li Y, Xie L, Chiu K, Hao X, Xu J, Luo J, Sham PC. Computational Retinal Microvascular Biomarkers from an OCTA Image in Clinical Investigation. Biomedicines 2024; 12:868. [PMID: 38672222 PMCID: PMC11048516 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinal structural and functional changes in humans can be manifestations of different physiological or pathological conditions. Retinal imaging is the only way to directly inspect blood vessels and their pathological changes throughout the whole body non-invasively. Various quantitative analysis metrics have been used to measure the abnormalities of retinal microvasculature in the context of different retinal, cerebral and systemic disorders. Recently developed optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive imaging tool that allows high-resolution three-dimensional mapping of the retinal microvasculature. The identification of retinal biomarkers from OCTA images could facilitate clinical investigation in various scenarios. We provide a framework for extracting computational retinal microvasculature biomarkers (CRMBs) from OCTA images through a knowledge-driven computerized automatic analytical system. Our method allows for improved identification of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and introduces a novel definition of vessel dispersion in the macular region. Furthermore, retinal large vessels and capillaries of the superficial and deep plexus can be differentiated, correlating with retinal pathology. The diagnostic value of OCTA CRMBs was demonstrated by a cross-sectional study with 30 healthy subjects and 43 retinal vein occlusion (RVO) patients, which identified strong correlations between OCTA CRMBs and retinal function in RVO patients. These OCTA CRMBs generated through this "all-in-one" pipeline may provide clinicians with insights about disease severity, treatment response and prognosis, aiding in the management and early detection of various disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingwen Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Y.L.); (P.-C.S.)
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Like Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Kin Chiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaofeng Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Pak-Chung Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Y.L.); (P.-C.S.)
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Shen X, Zhou T, Sun Z, Zheng Y, Lin B, Huang Y. Trends in application of fundus fluorescein angiography in fundus diseases during a recent ten-year period. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 46:104029. [PMID: 38428785 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the trends in the application of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) in fundus diseases over ten years. METHOD It was a retrospective study. Patients who underwent FFA examinations between Jan 2012 and Dec 2021 in Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were included, excluding infants. Data included the fundus disease and examination time of FFA. RESULTS A total of 37,038 cases underwent FFA examinations in our hospital in the past decade, and the number of each year was 3,628, 2,232, 2,230, 2,351, 3,546, 3,924, 5,325, 4,202, 4,432 and 5,168 from 2012 to 2021, respectively. The top three diseases were central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) over the years from 2012 to 2021. The fourth to eighth ranked diseases were uveitis, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), choroidal neovascularization (CNV), optic neuropathy (ON) and polypoid choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) 9 years from 2012 to 2020; while retinal artery occlusion (RAO) ranked eighth and PCV fell out of the first eight in 2021. Tumor, Eale's disease, macular hemorrhage (MH), epiretinal retinal membrane (ERM) and Coat's disease had consistent proportions over the years. There was a significant statistical difference in the proportion of disease components over the years from 2012 to 2021(p = 0.000). CONCLUSION Despite changes in annual distribution, CSC, DR, and RVO consistently ranked as the top three diseases requiring FFA examination. Changes might be related to the development of non-invasive fundus examination instruments and technologies. Indicated that FFA still hold its irreplaceable nature in diagnosing and understanding fundus diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiu Shen
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingye Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zuhua Sun
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bing Lin
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Ying Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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Li H, Yu S, Li P, Zhang J, Maitiyaer M, Huang AM, Deng Q, Yang R, Liang J, Huang W, Liu Z. MICROVASCULATURE ALTERATIONS OF PERIPAPILLARY RETINA AND MACULA IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS PATIENTS WITHOUT OCULAR INVOLVEMENT BY OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY. Retina 2024; 44:515-526. [PMID: 37973040 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000003989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate microvasculature alterations of the peripapillary retina and macula and to assess whether the changes can detect preclinical retinopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. METHODS Cross-sectional study of 32 systemic lupus erythematosus patients without retinopathy and 22 normal controls. Optical coherence tomography angiography was used to measure the microvasculature of the peripapillary retina and macula. Vessel densities (VD, %) and fractal dimensions of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus were calculated. RESULTS Compared with controls, macular vessel densities of the whole image SCP (macular vessel density of SCP-wi) and macular vessel density of inferior SCP (macular vessel density of SCP-i) were significantly reduced in systemic lupus erythematosus patients ( P < 0.05). The peripapillary vessel densities (peripapillary vessel density [pVD]) of a 2.5-mm circle of SCP (pVD of SCP Φ2.5 ), pVD of SCP Φ3.5 , and pVD of inferior region of the inner circle of SCP (pVD of SCP-ii) were significantly reduced in patients treated with hydroxychloroquine >5 years. Macular vessel density of SCP-wi declined with age (β = -0.12; P < 0.01) and pVD of SCP-ii declined with hydroxychloroquine cumulative dose (β = -0.01; P < 0.01). Macular vessel density of SCP-i had the best discrimination power of 0.77 ( P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Systemic lupus erythematosus patients without ocular involvement had microvasculature alterations that were particularly evident in the SCP. Peripapillary retina microvasculature may be reduced in patients with longer hydroxychloroquine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huangdong Li
- Ophthalmic Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - ShuiLian Yu
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiyi Li
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Ophthalmic Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maierhaba Maitiyaer
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Amy Michelle Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; and
| | - Qian Deng
- Ophthalmic Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Bijie Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Bijie, Guizhou
| | - Ruiming Yang
- Ophthalmic Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiamian Liang
- Ophthalmic Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- Ophthalmic Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Heinke A, Zhang H, Deussen D, Galang CMB, Warter A, Kalaw FGP, Bartsch DUG, Cheng L, An C, Nguyen T, Freeman WR. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY-BASED DISEASE ACTIVITY PREDICTION IN AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. Retina 2024; 44:465-474. [PMID: 37988102 PMCID: PMC10922109 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000003977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The authors hypothesize that optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)-visualized vascular morphology may be a predictor of choroidal neovascularization status in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The authors thus evaluated the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to predict different stages of AMD disease based on OCTA en face 2D projections scans. METHODS Retrospective cross-sectional study based on collected 2D OCTA data from 310 high-resolution scans. Based on OCT B-scan fluid and clinical status, OCTA was classified as normal, dry AMD, wet AMD active, and wet AMD in remission with no signs of activity. Two human experts graded the same test set, and a consensus grading between two experts was used for the prediction of four categories. RESULTS The AI can achieve 80.36% accuracy on a four-category grading task with 2D OCTA projections. The sensitivity of prediction by AI was 0.7857 (active), 0.7142 (remission), 0.9286 (dry AMD), and 0.9286 (normal) and the specificity was 0.9524, 0.9524, 0.9286, and 0.9524, respectively. The sensitivity of prediction by human experts was 0.4286 active choroidal neovascularization, 0.2143 remission, 0.8571 dry AMD, and 0.8571 normal with specificity of 0.7619, 0.9286, 0.7857, and 0.9762, respectively. The overall AI classification prediction was significantly better than the human (odds ratio = 1.95, P = 0.0021). CONCLUSION These data show that choroidal neovascularization morphology can be used to predict disease activity by AI; longitudinal studies are needed to better understand the evolution of choroidal neovascularization and features that predict reactivation. Future studies will be able to evaluate the additional predicative value of OCTA on top of other imaging characteristics (i.e., fluid location on OCT B scans) to help predict response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Heinke
- Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, University of California at San Diego La Jolla, California
- Joan and Irwin Jacobs Retina Center, La Jolla, California
| | - Haochen Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Daniel Deussen
- Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, University of California at San Diego La Jolla, California
- Joan and Irwin Jacobs Retina Center, La Jolla, California
- University Eye Hospital, Ludwig-Maximillians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Carlo Miguel B Galang
- Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, University of California at San Diego La Jolla, California
- Joan and Irwin Jacobs Retina Center, La Jolla, California
| | - Alexandra Warter
- Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, University of California at San Diego La Jolla, California
- Joan and Irwin Jacobs Retina Center, La Jolla, California
| | - Fritz Gerald P Kalaw
- Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, University of California at San Diego La Jolla, California
- Joan and Irwin Jacobs Retina Center, La Jolla, California
| | - Dirk-Uwe G Bartsch
- Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, University of California at San Diego La Jolla, California
- Joan and Irwin Jacobs Retina Center, La Jolla, California
| | - Lingyun Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, University of California at San Diego La Jolla, California
- Joan and Irwin Jacobs Retina Center, La Jolla, California
| | - Cheolhong An
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Truong Nguyen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - William R Freeman
- Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, University of California at San Diego La Jolla, California
- Joan and Irwin Jacobs Retina Center, La Jolla, California
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
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6
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Kianersi F, Bazvand M, Fatemi A, Naderi Beni A, Kianersi H. Comparative analysis of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) results between Behçet's disease patients and a healthy control group. Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:1155-1170. [PMID: 38285372 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-06874-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to compare optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings between patients with Behçet's disease (BD) and individuals with healthy eyes. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients (67 eyes) with BD who were referred to Feiz Hospital and healthy eyes (43 eyes). All subjects underwent Snellen visual acuity, a slit-lamp examination, measuring intraocular pressure, conducting a dilated fundus examination, OCTA imaging, and spectral-domain (SD)-OCT imaging. OCTA retinal vascular measurements including optic nerve VD, macular-associated VD( superficial and deep), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, FAZ perimeter (PERIM), and vessel density within a 300-μm-wide region of the FAZ (FD) were compared between the groups. RESULTS A significant difference was evident between the two groups (healthy one group and BD group) in terms of parafoveal and perifoveal total retinal thickness, total pRNFL VD in all quadrants except the inferior sector (P < 0.05), and macular superficial, and deep VD in all regions except temporal and superior perifoveal VD (P < 0.05) following adjustments for age, gender, and signal strength index. When comparing the two groups, ocular Behçet's disease (BD) and non-ocular BD, it was evident that peripapillary vessel density (VD) exhibited a significant decrease in ocular BD eyes in all sectors except for the superior and inferior ones, as compared to non-ocular BD eyes. In addition, the comparison of ocular BD and non-ocular BD showed superficial and deep VDs were lower in ocular BD than non-ocular BD in all regions. CONCLUSION According to these findings, peripapillary and macular vessel density is affected in BD. Key Points • The study utilized OCTA to compare retinal features in Behçet's disease (BD) patients and healthy individuals, revealing significant differences in retinal thickness and vessel density. • Ocular BD demonstrated reduced peripapillary vessel density compared to non-ocular BD. • The demonstrated association between ADMA and cIMT in patients with early SSc may suggest a role of NO/ADMA pathway in the initiation of macrovascular injury in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzan Kianersi
- Isfahan Eye Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Bazvand
- Isfahan Eye Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alimohammad Fatemi
- Rheumatology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Naderi Beni
- Isfahan Eye Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Hamidreza Kianersi
- Isfahan Eye Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Romano F, Boon CJF, Invernizzi A, Bosello F, Casati S, Zaffalon C, Riva E, Bertoni AI, Agarwal A, Kalra G, Cozzi M, Staurenghi G, Salvetti AP. CORRELATION BETWEEN MICROPERIMETRY AND IMAGING IN EXTENSIVE MACULAR ATROPHY WITH PSEUDODRUSEN-LIKE APPEARANCE. Retina 2024; 44:246-254. [PMID: 37824814 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000003951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the correlation between microperimetry and imaging findings in extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance (EMAP). METHODS This cross-sectional, observational study included 44 consecutive patients with EMAP (88 eyes) and 30 healthy subjects (60 eyes). Both groups underwent visual acuity assessment, mesopic and scotopic microperimetry, fundus photography, autofluorescence, optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography. Retinal sensitivity was also subdivided in macular (0-4°) and paramacular areas (8-10°). Scotopic sensitivity loss was defined as the difference between scotopic and mesopic sensitivities for each tested point. Eyes with EMAP were further classified into the three stages described by Romano et al: 19 eyes in Stage 1, 31 in Stage 2, and 38 in Stage 3. RESULTS Mesopic and scotopic retinal sensitivity were significantly reduced in patients with EMAP compared with controls, particularly in the macular area (all P < 0.001). Mesopic retinal sensitivity progressively declined in more advanced EMAP stages (all P < 0.01), but no scotopic differences were observed between Stages 2 and 3 ( P = 0.08). Remarkably, scotopic sensitivity loss was significantly higher in Stage 1 ( P < 0.05).On multivariate analysis, mesopic dysfunction was associated with larger atrophic areas ( P < 0.01), foveal involvement ( P = 0.03), and fibrosis ( P = 0.02). Conversely, no independent variable was associated with a reduced scotopic retinal sensitivity (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The findings highlight that patients with EMAP suffer from a severe cone- and rod-mediated dysfunction on microperimetry. The predominant rod impairment in the early cases (Stage 1) emphasizes the importance of dark-adapted scotopic microperimetry as a clinical end point and suggests defective transportation across the RPE-Bruch membrane complex in its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Romano
- Eye Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Harvard Retinal Imaging Laboratory, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Camiel J F Boon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Invernizzi
- Eye Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Francesca Bosello
- Ophthalmic Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Casati
- Ophthalmic Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Zaffalon
- Eye Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Ophthalmic Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ester Riva
- Eye Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Ingrid Bertoni
- Eye Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Aniruddha Agarwal
- Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; and
| | - Gagan Kalra
- Cleveland Clinic, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mariano Cozzi
- Eye Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Staurenghi
- Eye Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Salvetti
- Eye Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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8
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Feu-Basilio S, Maloca PM, Hasler P, Scholl HPN, Marin-Martinez S, Rosinés-Fonoll J, Suarez-Valero X, Reich M, Lange C, Egan C, Zweifel S, Tufail A, Spaide RF, Zarranz-Ventura J. Retinal vessel volume reference database derived from volume-rendered optical coherence tomography angiography. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2721. [PMID: 38302574 PMCID: PMC10834445 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53000-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) enables three-dimensional reconstruction of the functional blood vessels in the retina. Therefore, it enables the quantification of 3D retinal vessel parameters such as surface area and vessel volume. In spite of the widespread use of OCTA, no representative volume-rendered vessel volume (VV) data are published to date. In this study, OCTA 3 × 3 mm macular cubes were processed with volume-rendering techniques to measure VV in 203 eyes from 107 healthy volunteers. Generalized linear models (GLM) were constructed to assess the impact of age, gender, visual acuity (VA), spherical equivalent (SE), and axial length (AL) on VV. Overall mean VV was 0.23 ± 0.05mm3. Age and axial length showed a negative correlation with VV. However, GLM model analysis found that AL exerted the most pronounced influence on VV. No statistically significant associations were identified between gender or between left and right eyes. This is the first study to assess 3D OCTA VV and its naturally occurring variations in a large series of healthy subjects. It offers novel insights into the characterization of normal retinal vascular anatomy in healthy individuals, contributing to a valuable reference for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Feu-Basilio
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Carrer de Sabino Arana, 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peter M Maloca
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Pascal Hasler
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hendrik P N Scholl
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sara Marin-Martinez
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Carrer de Sabino Arana, 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Rosinés-Fonoll
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Carrer de Sabino Arana, 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Suarez-Valero
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Carrer de Sabino Arana, 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Reich
- Faculty of Medicine, Eye Center, Albert-Ludwig University Freiburg, 79085, Freiburg, Germany
- Augenärzte Am Städel, Hans-Thoma-Strasse 24, 60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Clemens Lange
- Faculty of Medicine, Eye Center, Albert-Ludwig University Freiburg, 79085, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Franziskus Hospital, 48145, Münster, Germany
| | - Catherine Egan
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Sandrine Zweifel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adnan Tufail
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Richard F Spaide
- Vitreous, Retina, Macula Consultants of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Javier Zarranz-Ventura
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Carrer de Sabino Arana, 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, EC1V 2PD, UK.
- Institut de Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
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9
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Stulova AN, Semenova NS, Akopyan VS. [Terminology of quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography metrics]. Vestn Oftalmol 2024; 140:117-124. [PMID: 38962987 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma2024140031117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
This review is devoted to the English- and Russian-language terminology of quantitative metrics that are used in the evaluation of images obtained by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). The paper presents an analysis of the use of terms characterizing intraretinal blood flow (vascular density, perfusion density, skeletonized density, etc.), area and shape of the foveal avascular zone, and choriocapillaris blood flow. The factors causing the heterogeneity of OCT-A terminology are described, including the lack of a unified international nomenclature for OCT-A, features of their Russian translation, inconsistency of the parameters in optical coherence tomography systems of different manufacturers. The article also considers ways to standardize the terminology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Stulova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - N S Semenova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - V S Akopyan
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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10
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Xu Z, Dong Y, Wang Y, Song L, Niu S, Wang S, Zhao M, Wang J, Cong L, Han X, Hou T, Tang S, Zhang Q, Du Y, Qiu C. Associations of macular microvascular parameters with cerebral small vessel disease in rural older adults: A population-based OCT angiography study. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1133819. [PMID: 37006481 PMCID: PMC10060796 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1133819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveTo explore the associations of macular microvascular parameters with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) in rural-dwelling older adults in China.MethodsThis population-based cross-sectional study included 195 participants (age ≥ 60 years; 57.4% women) in the optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCTA) sub-study within the Multimodal Interventions to delay Dementia and disability in rural China (MIND-China). Macular microvascular parameters were measured using the OCTA. We automatically estimated volumes of gray matter, white matter, and white matter hyperintensity (WMH), and manually assessed numbers of enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) and lacunes on brain magnetic resonance imaging. Data were analyzed with the general linear models.ResultsAdjusting for multiple confounders, lower vessel skeleton density (VSD) and higher vessel diameter index (VDI) were significantly associated with larger WMH volume (P < 0.05). Lower VSD and foveal density-300 (FD-300) of left eye were significantly associated with lower brain parenchymal volume (P < 0.05). In addition, lower areas of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and FD-300 of left eye were significantly associated with more EPVS (P < 0.05). The associations of abnormal macular microvascular parameters with WMH volume were evident mainly among females. Macular microvascular parameters were not associated with lacunes.ConclusionMacular microvascular signs are associated with WMH, brain parenchymal volume, and EPVS in older adults. The OCTA-assessed macular microvascular parameters can be valuable markers for microvascular lesions in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Xu
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Song
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Sijie Niu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing, School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingqing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Cong
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Han
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tingting Hou
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shi Tang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Qinghua Zhang
| | - Yifeng Du
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Yifeng Du
| | - Chengxuan Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Aging Research Center and Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Koutsiaris AG, Batis V, Liakopoulou G, Tachmitzi SV, Detorakis ET, Tsironi EE. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) of the eye: A review on basic principles, advantages, disadvantages and device specifications. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2022; 83:247-271. [PMID: 36502308 DOI: 10.3233/ch-221634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) is a relatively new imaging technique in ophthalmology for the visualization of the retinal microcirculation and other tissues of the human eye. This review paper aims to describe the basic definitions and principles of OCT and OCTA in the most straightforward possible language without complex mathematical and engineering analysis. This is done to help health professionals of various disciplines improve their understanding of OCTA and design further clinical research more efficiently. First, the basic technical principles of OCT and OCTA and related terminology are described. Then, a list of OCTA advantages and disadvantages, with a special reference to blood flow quantification limitations. Finally, an updated list of the basic hardware and software specifications of some of the commercially available OCTA devices is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristotle G. Koutsiaris
- Medical Informatics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasilios Batis
- Jules Gonin Eye Hospital Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgia Liakopoulou
- Medical Informatics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
| | | | | | - Evangelia E. Tsironi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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12
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Retinal and Corneal Changes Associated with Intraocular Silicone Oil Tamponade. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11175234. [PMID: 36079165 PMCID: PMC9457190 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicone oils (SO) are used as long-term intraocular tamponades and have an irreplaceable role in vitreoretinal surgery. They can, however, be associated with multiple and potentially severe complications, involving different ocular tissues, in particular retina and cornea. Recent advances in ophthalmic imaging have allowed the precise characterization of retinal and corneal microstructural changes, at a subclinical level. This detailed analysis of SO-related retinal and corneal changes has improved our understanding of their pathogenesis and offer the potential for optimized monitoring and management of patients with SO-filled eyes. This review aims to provide clinicians and ophthalmic scientists with an updated and comprehensive overview of the corneal and retinal changes associated with SO tamponade.
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13
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Alexopoulos P, Madu C, Wollstein G, Schuman JS. The Development and Clinical Application of Innovative Optical Ophthalmic Imaging Techniques. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:891369. [PMID: 35847772 PMCID: PMC9279625 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.891369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of ophthalmic imaging has grown substantially over the last years. Massive improvements in image processing and computer hardware have allowed the emergence of multiple imaging techniques of the eye that can transform patient care. The purpose of this review is to describe the most recent advances in eye imaging and explain how new technologies and imaging methods can be utilized in a clinical setting. The introduction of optical coherence tomography (OCT) was a revolution in eye imaging and has since become the standard of care for a plethora of conditions. Its most recent iterations, OCT angiography, and visible light OCT, as well as imaging modalities, such as fluorescent lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy, would allow a more thorough evaluation of patients and provide additional information on disease processes. Toward that goal, the application of adaptive optics (AO) and full-field scanning to a variety of eye imaging techniques has further allowed the histologic study of single cells in the retina and anterior segment. Toward the goal of remote eye care and more accessible eye imaging, methods such as handheld OCT devices and imaging through smartphones, have emerged. Finally, incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) in eye images has the potential to become a new milestone for eye imaging while also contributing in social aspects of eye care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palaiologos Alexopoulos
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Chisom Madu
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gadi Wollstein
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States
- Center for Neural Science, College of Arts & Science, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joel S. Schuman
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States
- Center for Neural Science, College of Arts & Science, New York University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States
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14
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Awwad MA, Masoud M, Elhadad MA. Quantitative OCT Angiography Assessment of the Effect of Peribulbar Anesthesia on Retinal Microvasculature in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery. Clin Ophthalmol 2022; 16:2011-2024. [PMID: 35757020 PMCID: PMC9231634 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s369969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the effect of peribulbar anesthesia on retinal microvasculature in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients undergoing cataract surgery using OCT Angiography. Participants Forty-nine patients undergoing cataract surgery were divided into two groups. Group I included patients with no history of glaucoma, while group II included patients previously diagnosed as POAG with controlled IOP. Each participant received 6 mL of peribulbar anesthetic injection of 4 mL lidocaine 2% containing 150 IU hyaluronidase and 2 mL bupivacaine 0.5%. They were scanned with the OCT-A 10 minutes before and 10 minutes after injection for foveal deep (DCP), superficial (SCP) capillary plexuses density and total vessel density, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) diameter, optic disc total vessel density, and radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) network density. In addition, IOP was checked before and 10 minutes after injection. Results Median percent change in DCP post-injection was significantly greater in group II (−43%) than in group I (−2.5%) (P < 0.001). Also, DCP total density median percent change post-injection was significantly higher in group II (−21%) than in group I (−0.9%) (P < 0.001). Foveal SCP vessel density and total vessel density median percent change post-injection were −62.6% and −16.2%, respectively, in group II and were −2.6% and −1.1%, respectively, in group I, which are statistically significant (P < 0.001). The FAZ diameter median percentage change post-injection was higher in group II (40.6%) than in group I (2.5%) (P < 0.001). Optic disc total vessel density and radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) network density post-injection median percent change were significantly higher in group II (−13.6%) and (−13.1%) respectively than in group I (−1.1%) and (−1.25%) respectively (P < 0.001). Conclusion Peribulbar anesthesia harbors a deleterious ischemic effect on the retinal vascular tree of glaucoma patients, which could harmfully affect the vision and the visual field in those vulnerable patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Awwad
- Department of Ophthalmology, Benha University Hospital, Benha, Qualubia, Egypt
- Correspondence: Mohamed A Awwad, Department of Ophthalmology, Benha University Hospital, Benha, Qualubia, Egypt, Tel +20 1017014208, Email ;
| | - Mohamed Masoud
- Department of Ophthalmology, Benha University Hospital, Benha, Qualubia, Egypt
| | - Mona Ahmed Elhadad
- Department of Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care, Benha University Hospital, Benha, Qualubia, Egypt
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15
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Kim TH, Ma G, Son T, Yao X. Functional Optical Coherence Tomography for Intrinsic Signal Optoretinography: Recent Developments and Deployment Challenges. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:864824. [PMID: 35445037 PMCID: PMC9013890 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.864824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic optical signal (IOS) imaging of the retina, also termed as optoretinogram or optoretinography (ORG), promises a non-invasive method for the objective assessment of retinal function. By providing the unparalleled capability to differentiate individual retinal layers, functional optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been actively investigated for intrinsic signal ORG measurements. However, clinical deployment of functional OCT for quantitative ORG is still challenging due to the lack of a standardized imaging protocol and the complication of IOS sources and mechanisms. This article aims to summarize recent developments of functional OCT for ORG measurement, OCT intensity- and phase-based IOS processing. Technical challenges and perspectives of quantitative IOS analysis and ORG interpretations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hoon Kim
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Guangying Ma
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Taeyoon Son
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Xincheng Yao
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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16
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Alé-Chilet A, Bernal-Morales C, Barraso M, Hernández T, Oliva C, Vinagre I, Ortega E, Figueras-Roca M, Sala-Puigdollers A, Esquinas C, Gimenez M, Esmatjes E, Adán A, Zarranz-Ventura J. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus-Report 2: Diabetic Kidney Disease. J Clin Med 2021; 11:197. [PMID: 35011940 PMCID: PMC8745787 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate potential associations between optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) categories in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients and controls. A complete ocular and systemic examination, including OCTA imaging tests and bloods, was performed. OCTA parameters included vessel density (VD), perfusion density (PD), foveal avascular zone area (FAZa), perimeter (FAZp) and circularity (FAZc) in the superficial vascular plexus, and DKD categories were defined according to glomerular filtration rate (GFR), albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) and KDIGO prognosis risk classifications. A total of 425 individuals (1 eye/1 patient) were included. Reduced VD and FAZc were associated with greater categories of GFR (p = 0.002, p = 0.04), ACR (p = 0.003, p = 0.005) and KDIGO risk prognosis classifications (p = 0.002, p = 0.005). FAZc was significantly reduced in greater KDIGO prognosis risk categories (low risk vs. moderate risk, 0.65 ± 0.09 vs. 0.60 ± 0.07, p < 0.05). VD and FAZc presented the best diagnostic performance in ROCs. In conclusion, OCTA parameters, such as VD and FAZc, are able to detect different GFR, ACR, and KDIGO categories in T1DM patients and controls in a non-invasive, objective quantitative way. FAZc is able to discriminate within T1DM patients those with greater DKD categories and greater risk of DKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aníbal Alé-Chilet
- Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia (ICOF), Hospital Clínic, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.A.-C.); (C.B.-M.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (C.O.); (M.F.-R.); (A.S.-P.); (A.A.)
| | - Carolina Bernal-Morales
- Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia (ICOF), Hospital Clínic, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.A.-C.); (C.B.-M.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (C.O.); (M.F.-R.); (A.S.-P.); (A.A.)
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.V.); (E.O.); (M.G.); (E.E.)
- Medical Retina Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Marina Barraso
- Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia (ICOF), Hospital Clínic, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.A.-C.); (C.B.-M.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (C.O.); (M.F.-R.); (A.S.-P.); (A.A.)
| | - Teresa Hernández
- Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia (ICOF), Hospital Clínic, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.A.-C.); (C.B.-M.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (C.O.); (M.F.-R.); (A.S.-P.); (A.A.)
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.V.); (E.O.); (M.G.); (E.E.)
| | - Cristian Oliva
- Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia (ICOF), Hospital Clínic, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.A.-C.); (C.B.-M.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (C.O.); (M.F.-R.); (A.S.-P.); (A.A.)
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.V.); (E.O.); (M.G.); (E.E.)
| | - Irene Vinagre
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.V.); (E.O.); (M.G.); (E.E.)
- Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques (ICMDM), Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ortega
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.V.); (E.O.); (M.G.); (E.E.)
- Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques (ICMDM), Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Figueras-Roca
- Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia (ICOF), Hospital Clínic, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.A.-C.); (C.B.-M.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (C.O.); (M.F.-R.); (A.S.-P.); (A.A.)
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.V.); (E.O.); (M.G.); (E.E.)
- Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Sala-Puigdollers
- Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia (ICOF), Hospital Clínic, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.A.-C.); (C.B.-M.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (C.O.); (M.F.-R.); (A.S.-P.); (A.A.)
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.V.); (E.O.); (M.G.); (E.E.)
- Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Esquinas
- Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Marga Gimenez
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.V.); (E.O.); (M.G.); (E.E.)
- Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques (ICMDM), Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Esmatjes
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.V.); (E.O.); (M.G.); (E.E.)
- Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques (ICMDM), Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfredo Adán
- Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia (ICOF), Hospital Clínic, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.A.-C.); (C.B.-M.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (C.O.); (M.F.-R.); (A.S.-P.); (A.A.)
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.V.); (E.O.); (M.G.); (E.E.)
| | - Javier Zarranz-Ventura
- Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia (ICOF), Hospital Clínic, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.A.-C.); (C.B.-M.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (C.O.); (M.F.-R.); (A.S.-P.); (A.A.)
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.V.); (E.O.); (M.G.); (E.E.)
- Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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