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Ayuba J, Jaiswal SK, Mohammed M, Denwar NN, Dakora FD. Adaptability to local conditions and phylogenetic differentiation of microsymbionts of TGx soybean genotypes in the semi-arid environments of Ghana and South Africa. Syst Appl Microbiol 2021; 44:126264. [PMID: 34601230 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2021.126264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The study of the nitrogen fixation and phylogenetic diversity of nodule microsymbionts of grain legumes in many parts of the globe is often carried out in order to identify legume-rhizobia combinations for agricultural sustainability. Several reports have therefore found that rhizobial species diversity is shaped by edapho-climatic conditions that characterize different geographic locations, suggesting that rhizobial communities often possess traits that aid their adaptation to their habitat. In this study, the soybean-nodulating rhizobia from semi-arid savannahs of Ghana and South Africa were evaluated. The authenticated rhizobial isolates were highly diverse based on their colony characteristics, as well as their BOX-PCR profiles and gene sequences. In the 16S rRNA phylogeny, the isolates were placed in the different clades Bradyrhizobium iriomotense and Bradyrhizobium jicamae together with two superclades Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Bradyrhizobium elkanii. The multilocus (atpD, glnII, gyrB, recA) phylogenetic analyses indicated the dominance of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens and putative new Bradyrhizobium species in the semi-arid Ghanaian region. The phylogenetic analyses based on the symbiotic genes (nifH and nodC) clustered the test isolates into different symbiovars (sv. glycinearum, sv. retame and sv. sojae). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that soil factors played a significant role in favoring the occurrence of soybean-nodulating microsymbionts in the tested local conditions. The results suggested that isolates had marked local adaptation to the prevailing conditions in semi-arid regions but further studies are needed to confirm new Bradyrhizobium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalilatu Ayuba
- Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; CSIR-Savanna Agric Research Institute, Tamale, Ghana; Department of Sustainable Agriculture, Tamale Technical University, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Sanjay K Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Arcadia Campus Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Mustapha Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Arcadia Campus Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Crop Science, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | | | - Felix D Dakora
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Arcadia Campus Pretoria, South Africa.
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Development of an Illumina-based analysis method to study bradyrhizobial population structure-case study on nitrogen-fixing rhizobia associating with cowpea or peanut. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6943-6957. [PMID: 34453562 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11525-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Bradyrhizobia are Gram-negative soil bacteria that regroup a growing number of species. They are widespread in nature and recovered from various biomes that may be explained by a high genetic diversity in this genus. Among the numerous metabolic properties they can harbor, the nitrogen fixation resulting from the association with plants among which important crop legumes (soya bean, peanut, cowpea …) is of great interest, notably in a context of sustainable development. Metabarcoding is widely applied to study biodiversity from complex microbial communities. Here, we demonstrate that using a new species-specific and highly polymorphic 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer barcode, we could rapidly estimate the diversity of bradyrhizobial populations that associate with cowpea and peanut plants, two crop legumes of major interest in Senegal. Application of the method on indigenous bradyrhizobia associated with peanut and cowpea grown in soils collected in the center of the peanut basin shows that Bradyrhizobium vignae is a dominant symbiont. We also showed that the two plant species associate with distinct community profiles and that strains introduced by inoculation significantly modified the population structure with these two plants suggesting that application of elite strains as inoculants may well ensure optimized symbiotic performance. This approach may further be used to study the diversity of bradyrhizobia from contrasting agro-eco-climatic zones, to test whether the plant genotype influences the association outputs as well as to estimate the competitiveness for nodule occupancy and the fate of elite strains inoculated in the field.Key points• An amplicon sequencing approach targeting the Bradyrhizobium genus was developed.• Diversity of cowpea and peanut bradyrhizobia from cultivated soils was identified.• The method is well suited to test the competitiveness of defined Bradyrhizobium inoculants.
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Songwattana P, Chaintreuil C, Wongdee J, Teulet A, Mbaye M, Piromyou P, Gully D, Fardoux J, Zoumman AMA, Camuel A, Tittabutr P, Teaumroong N, Giraud E. Identification of type III effectors modulating the symbiotic properties of Bradyrhizobium vignae strain ORS3257 with various Vigna species. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4874. [PMID: 33649428 PMCID: PMC7921652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84205-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bradyrhizobium vignae strain ORS3257 is an elite strain recommended for cowpea inoculation in Senegal. This strain was recently shown to establish symbioses on some Aeschynomene species using a cocktail of Type III effectors (T3Es) secreted by the T3SS machinery. In this study, using a collection of mutants in different T3Es genes, we sought to identify the effectors that modulate the symbiotic properties of ORS3257 in three Vigna species (V. unguiculata, V. radiata and V. mungo). While the T3SS had a positive impact on the symbiotic efficiency of the strain in V. unguiculata and V. mungo, it blocked symbiosis with V. radiata. The combination of effectors promoting nodulation in V. unguiculata and V. mungo differed, in both cases, NopT and NopAB were involved, suggesting they are key determinants for nodulation, and to a lesser extent, NopM1 and NopP1, which are additionally required for optimal symbiosis with V. mungo. In contrast, only one effector, NopP2, was identified as the cause of the incompatibility between ORS3257 and V. radiata. The identification of key effectors which promote symbiotic efficiency or render the interaction incompatible is important for the development of inoculation strategies to improve the growth of Vigna species cultivated in Africa and Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pongpan Songwattana
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Clémence Chaintreuil
- IRD, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR 113, IRD/CIRAD/INRAE/Université de Montpellier/SupAgro, Campus de Baillarguet, TA-A82/J, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.,IRD, Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie, UR040, ISRA, UCAD, Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Jenjira Wongdee
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Albin Teulet
- IRD, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR 113, IRD/CIRAD/INRAE/Université de Montpellier/SupAgro, Campus de Baillarguet, TA-A82/J, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Mamadou Mbaye
- IRD, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR 113, IRD/CIRAD/INRAE/Université de Montpellier/SupAgro, Campus de Baillarguet, TA-A82/J, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Pongdet Piromyou
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Djamel Gully
- IRD, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR 113, IRD/CIRAD/INRAE/Université de Montpellier/SupAgro, Campus de Baillarguet, TA-A82/J, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Joel Fardoux
- IRD, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR 113, IRD/CIRAD/INRAE/Université de Montpellier/SupAgro, Campus de Baillarguet, TA-A82/J, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Alexandre Mahougnon Aurel Zoumman
- IRD, Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie, UR040, ISRA, UCAD, Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, Dakar, Senegal.,Département de Biologie Végétale, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Alicia Camuel
- IRD, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR 113, IRD/CIRAD/INRAE/Université de Montpellier/SupAgro, Campus de Baillarguet, TA-A82/J, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Panlada Tittabutr
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Neung Teaumroong
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
| | - Eric Giraud
- IRD, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR 113, IRD/CIRAD/INRAE/Université de Montpellier/SupAgro, Campus de Baillarguet, TA-A82/J, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
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Dabo M, Jaiswal SK, Dakora FD. Phylogenetic evidence of allopatric speciation of bradyrhizobia nodulating cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. walp) in South African and Mozambican soils. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 95:5490326. [PMID: 31095296 PMCID: PMC6531793 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiz067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The legume host and soil environment play a major role in establishing effective symbiosis with diverse rhizobia for plant growth promotion and nodule formation. The aim of this study was to assess the morpho-physiology, distribution and phylogenetic position of rhizobia nodulating cowpea from South Africa and Mozambique. The results showed that the isolates were highly diverse in their appearance on yeast mannitol agar plates. The isolates tested also showed an ability to produce IAA at concentrations ranging from 0.64 to 56.46 μg.ml−1 and to solubilise phosphorus at levels from 0 to 3.55 index. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that soil pH and mineral nutrients significantly influenced bradyrhizobial distribution. Analysis of BOX-PCR placed the isolates in eight major clusters with 0.01 to 1.00 similarity coefficient which resulted in 45 unique BOX-types. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA, atpD, glnII, gyrB and recA gene sequences showed distinct novel evolutionary lineages within the genus Bradyrhizobium, with some of them being closely related to Bradyrhizobium kavangense, B. subterraneum and B. pachyrhizi. Furthermore, symbiotic gene phylogenies suggested that the isolates’ sym loci probably relates to the isolates’ geographical origin. The results indicated that geographical origin did affect the isolates’ phylogenetic placement and could be the basis for allopatric speciation
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamadou Dabo
- Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Sanjay K Jaiswal
- Chemistry Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Felix D Dakora
- Chemistry Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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5
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Rejili M, BenAbderrahim MA, Mars M, Sherrier JD. Novel putative rhizobial species with different symbiovars nodulate Lotus creticus and their differential preference to distinctive soil properties. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2020; 367:5838745. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnaa084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Phylogenetically diverse rhizobial strains endemic to Tunisia were isolated from symbiotic nodules of Lotus creticus, growing in different arid extremophile geographical regions of Tunisia, and speciated using multiloci-phylogenetic analysis as Neorhizobium huautlense (LCK33, LCK35, LCO42 and LCO49), Ensifer numidicus (LCD22, LCD25, LCK22 and LCK25), Ensifer meliloti (LCK8, LCK9 and LCK12) and Mesorhizobium camelthorni (LCD11, LCD13, LCD31 and LCD33). In addition, phylogenetic analyses revealed eight additional strains with previously undescribed chromosomal lineages within the genera Ensifer (LCF5, LCF6 and LCF8),Rhizobium (LCF11, LCF12 and LCF14) and Mesorhizobium (LCF16 and LCF19). Analysis using the nodC gene identified five symbiovar groups, four of which were already known. The remaining group composed of two strains (LCD11 and LCD33) represented a new symbiovar of Mesorhizobium camelthorni, which we propose designating as sv. hedysari. Interestingly, we report that soil properties drive and structure the symbiosis of L. creticus and its rhizobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mokhtar Rejili
- Research Laboratory Biodiversity & Valorization of Arid Areas Bioressources (BVBAA) - Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Erriadh-Zrig, 6072-Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ali BenAbderrahim
- Laboratoire d'Aridocultures et des Cultures Oasiennes, Institut des Régions Arides, 6051 Gabès, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Mars
- Research Laboratory Biodiversity & Valorization of Arid Areas Bioressources (BVBAA) - Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Erriadh-Zrig, 6072-Tunisia
| | - Janine Darla Sherrier
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, 3111 Miller Plant Sci, 120 Carlton St., Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Fossou RK, Pothier JF, Zézé A, Perret X. Bradyrhizobium ivorense sp. nov. as a potential local bioinoculant for Cajanus cajan cultures in Côte d'Ivoire. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:1421-1430. [PMID: 32122457 PMCID: PMC7397250 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
For many smallholder farmers of Sub-Saharan Africa, pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) is an important crop to make ends meet. To ascertain the taxonomic status of pigeonpea isolates of Côte d’Ivoire previously identified as bradyrhizobia, a polyphasic approach was applied to strains CI-1BT, CI-14A, CI-19D and CI-41S. Phylogeny of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes placed these nodule isolates in a separate lineage from current species of the B. elkanii super clade. In phylogenetic analyses of single and concatenated partial dnaK, glnII, gyrB, recA and rpoB sequences, the C. cajan isolates again formed a separate lineage, with strain CI-1BT sharing the highest sequence similarity (95.2 %) with B. tropiciagri SEMIA 6148T. Comparative genomic analyses corroborated the novel species status, with 86 % ANIb and 89 % ANIm as the highest average nucleotide identity (ANI) values with B. elkanii USDA 76T. Although CI-1BT, CI-14A, CI-19D and CI-41S shared similar phenotypic and metabolic properties, growth of CI-41S was slower in/on various media. Symbiotic efficacy varied significantly between isolates, with CI-1BT and CI-41S scoring on the C. cajan ‘Light-Brown’ landrace as the most and least proficient bacteria, respectively. Also proficient on Vigna radiata (mung bean), Vigna unguiculata (cowpea, niébé) and additional C. cajan cultivars, CI-1BT represents a potential bioinoculant adapted to local soil conditions and capable of fostering the growth of diverse legume crops in Côte d'Ivoire. Given the data presented here, we propose the 19 C. cajan isolates to belong to a novel species called Bradyrhizobium ivorense sp. nov., with CI-1BT (=CCOS 1862T=CCMM B1296T) as a type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain K Fossou
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétale et Microbienne, Unité Mixte de Recherche et d'Innovation en Sciences Agronomiques et Génie Rural, Institut National Polytechnique Felix Houphouët-Boigny, Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire.,Department of Botany and Plant Biology, Microbiology Unit, University of Geneva, Sciences III, 30 quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Joël F Pothier
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Research Group, Institute of Natural Resource Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Einsiedlerstrasse 31, CH-8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Adolphe Zézé
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétale et Microbienne, Unité Mixte de Recherche et d'Innovation en Sciences Agronomiques et Génie Rural, Institut National Polytechnique Felix Houphouët-Boigny, Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Xavier Perret
- Department of Botany and Plant Biology, Microbiology Unit, University of Geneva, Sciences III, 30 quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Insights into the Phylogeny, Nodule Function, and Biogeographic Distribution of Microsymbionts Nodulating the Orphan Kersting's Groundnut [ Macrotyloma geocarpum (Harms) Marechal & Baudet] in African Soils. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.00342-19. [PMID: 30952658 PMCID: PMC6532025 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00342-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Kersting's groundnut [Macrotyloma geocarpum (Harms) Marechal & Baudet] is a neglected indigenous African legume adapted to growth in N-deficient soils due to its ability to fix atmospheric N2 via symbiosis with rhizobia. Despite its nutritional and medicinal uses, to date there is little information on the phylogeny and functional traits of its microsymbionts, aspects that are much needed for its conservation and improvement. This study explored the morphogenetic diversity, phylogenetic relationships, and N2-fixing efficiency of Kersting's groundnut rhizobial isolates from contrasting environments in Ghana, South Africa, and Mozambique. BOX-PCR fingerprinting revealed high diversity among the rhizobial populations, which was influenced by geographic origin. Of the 164 isolates evaluated, 130 BOX-PCR types were identified at a 70% similarity coefficient, indicating that they were not clones. Soil pH and mineral concentrations were found to influence the distribution of bradyrhizobial populations in African soils. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes and multilocus sequence analysis of protein-coding genes (atpD, glnII, gyrB, and rpoB) and symbiotic genes (nifH and nodC) showed that Kersting's groundnut is primarily nodulated by members of the genus Bradyrhizobium, which are closely related to Bradyrhizobium vignae 7-2T, Bradyrhizobium kavangense 14-3T, Bradyrhizobium subterraneum 58-2-1T, Bradyrhizobium pachyrhizi PAC48T, the type strain of Bradyrhizobium elkanii, and novel groups of Bradyrhizobium species. The bradyrhizobial populations identified exhibited high N2 fixation and induced greater nodulation, leaf chlorophyll concentration, and photosynthetic rates in their homologous host than did the 5 mM KNO3-fed plants and/or the commercial Bradyrhizobium sp. strain CB756, suggesting that they could be good candidates for inoculant formulations upon field testing.IMPORTANCE Rhizobia play important roles in agroecosystems, where they contribute to improving overall soil health through their symbiotic relationship with legumes. This study explored the microsymbionts nodulating Kersting's groundnut, a neglected orphan legume. The results revealed the presence of different bradyrhizobial populations with high N2-fixing efficiencies as the dominant symbionts of this legume across diverse agroecologies in Africa. Our findings represent a useful contribution to the literature in terms of the community of microsymbionts nodulating a neglected cultivated legume and its potential for elevation as a major food crop. The presence of potentially novel bradyrhizobial symbionts of Kersting's groundnut found in this study offers an opportunity for future studies to properly describe, characterize, and delineate these isolates functionally and phylogenetically for use in inoculant production to enhance food/nutritional security.
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Jaiswal SK, Dakora FD. Widespread Distribution of Highly Adapted Bradyrhizobium Species Nodulating Diverse Legumes in Africa. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:310. [PMID: 30853952 PMCID: PMC6395442 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bradyrhizobium is one of the most cosmopolitan and diverse bacterial group nodulating a variety of host legumes in Africa, however, the diversity and distribution of bradyrhizobial symbionts nodulating indigenous African legumes are not well understood, though needed for increased food legume production. In this review, we have shown that many African food legumes are nodulated by bradyrhizobia, with greater diversity in Southern Africa compared to other parts of Africa. From a few studies done in Africa, the known bradyrhizobia (i.e., Bradyrhizobium elkanii, B. yuanmingense) along with many novel Bradyrhizobium species are the most dominant in African soils. This could be attributed to the unique edapho-climatic conditions of the contrasting environments in the continent. More studies are needed to identify the many novel bradyrhizobia resident in African soils in order to better understand the biogeography of bradyrhizobia and their potential for inoculant production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K. Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Felix D. Dakora
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
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9
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Complete Genome Sequence of Bradyrhizobium sp. Strain ORS3257, an Efficient Nitrogen-Fixing Bacterium Isolated from Cowpea in Senegal. Microbiol Resour Announc 2019; 8:MRA01449-18. [PMID: 30687830 PMCID: PMC6346162 DOI: 10.1128/mra.01449-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Bradyrhizobium sp. strain ORS3257, which forms efficient symbioses with cowpea, peanut, or groundnut. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Bradyrhizobium sp. strain ORS3257, which forms efficient symbioses with cowpea, peanut, or groundnut. These genomic data will be useful to identify genes associated with symbiotic performance and host compatibility on several legumes, including Aeschynomene species, with which a Nod-independent type III secretion system (T3SS)-dependent symbiosis can be established.
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10
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Mohammed M, Jaiswal SK, Dakora FD. Distribution and correlation between phylogeny and functional traits of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.)-nodulating microsymbionts from Ghana and South Africa. Sci Rep 2018; 8:18006. [PMID: 30573737 PMCID: PMC6302100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36324-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is indigenous to Africa, and highly valued for its N2-fixing trait and the nutritional attributes of its grain and leaves. The species' ability to establish effective symbiosis with diverse rhizobial populations gives it survival and growth advantage in N-limited environments. To explore the functional diversity and phylogenetic positions of rhizobia nodulating cowpea in Africa, nodules were collected from various cowpea varieties grown in soils from the Guinea savanna and Sudano-sahelian agroecologies of Northern Ghana, and from the lowveld and middleveld areas of Mpumalanga Province in South Africa. Box-PCR profiling and multilocus sequence analysis revealed the presence of diverse microsymbionts responsible for cowpea nodulation across the study sites. BOX-PCR amplifications yielded variable band sizes, ranging from 618 bp to 5354 bp, which placed the isolates in six major clusters (Cluster A-F). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA, atpD, glnII, gyrB, rpoB, nifH and nodC genes revealed the presence of diverse Bradyrhizobium sp. closely related to Bradyrhizobium daqingense, Bradyrhizobium subterraneum, Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense, Bradyrhizobium embrapense, Bradyrhizobium pachyrhizi, Bradyrhizobium elkanii and novel Bradyrhizobium species in the soils studied, a finding that could be attributed to the unique edapho-climatic conditions of the contrasting environments. The test isolates exhibited distinct symbiotic efficiencies, and also induced variable (p ≤ 0.001) photosynthetic rates, leaf transpiration, total chlorophyll and shoot biomass accumulation on cowpea (their homologous host). Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the distribution of these microsymbionts was influenced by the concentrations of macro- and micronutrients in soils. The pairwise genetic distances derived from phylogenies and nodule functioning showed significant (p < 0.05) correlation, which suggests that local environmental factors played a major role in the cowpea-Bradyrhizobium symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Mohammed
- Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Sanjay K Jaiswal
- Chemistry Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
| | - Felix D Dakora
- Chemistry Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
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11
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Grönemeyer JL, Reinhold-Hurek B. Diversity of Bradyrhizobia in Subsahara Africa: A Rich Resource. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2194. [PMID: 30294308 PMCID: PMC6158577 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Making use of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) with pulses and green manure legumes can help to alleviate nitrogen deficiencies and increase soil fertility, problems faced particularly in smallholder agriculture in Subsahara Africa (SSA). The isolation of indigenous rhizobia provides a basis for the formulation of rhizobial inoculants. Moreover, their identification and characterization contribute to the general understanding of species distribution and ecology. Here we discuss global species discovery of Bradyrhizobium spp. Although recently the number of validly published Bradyrhizobium species is rapidly increasing, their diversity in SSA is not well-represented. We summarize the recent knowledge on species diversity in the Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense lineage to which most SSA isolates belong, and their biogeographic distribution and adaptations. Most indigenous rhizobia appear to differ from species found on other continents. We stress that an as yet hidden diversity may be a rich resource for inoculant development in future. As some species are exceptionally temperature tolerant, they may be potential biofertilizer candidates for global warming scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Reinhold-Hurek
- Department of Microbe-Plant Interactions, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Center for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Gyogluu C, Jaiswal SK, Kyei-Boahen S, Dakora FD. Identification and distribution of microsymbionts associated with soybean nodulation in Mozambican soils. Syst Appl Microbiol 2018; 41:506-515. [PMID: 29853205 PMCID: PMC6150944 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Indigenous soybean rhizobial strains were isolated from root nodules sampled from farmers' fields in Mozambique to determine their identity, distribution and symbiotic relationships. Plant infection assays revealed variable nodulation and symbiotic effectiveness among the 43 bacterial isolates tested. Strains from Ruace generally promoted greater whole-plant growth than the others. 16S rRNA-RFLP analysis of genomic DNA extracted from the rhizobial isolates produced different banding patterns, a clear indication of high bacterial diversity. However, the multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) data showed alignment of the isolates with B. elkanii species. The 16S rRNA sequences of representative soybean isolates selected from each 16S rRNA-RFLP cluster showed their relatedness to B. elkanii, as well as to other Bradyrhizobium species. But a concatenated phylogeny of two housekeeping genes (glnII and gyrB) identified the soybean nodulating isolates as Bradyrhizobium, with very close relatedness to B. elkanii. The nifH and nodC sequences also showed that the majority of the test soybean isolates were closely related to B. elkanii, albeit the inconsistency with some isolates. Taken together, these findings suggest that the B. elkanii group are the preferred dominant microsymbiont of soybean grown in Mozambican soils. Furthermore, the distribution of soybean rhizobia in the agricultural soils of Mozambique was found to be markedly influenced by soil pH, followed by the concentrations of plant-available P and Mn. This study suggested that the identified isolates TUTMJM5, TUTMIITA5A and TUTLBC2B can be used as inoculants for increased soybean production in Mozambique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Gyogluu
- Department of Crop Sciences, TshwaneUniversity of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sanjay K Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | | | - Felix D Dakora
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa.
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Ndungu SM, Messmer MM, Ziegler D, Gamper HA, Mészáros É, Thuita M, Vanlauwe B, Frossard E, Thonar C. Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) hosts several widespread bradyrhizobial root nodule symbionts across contrasting agro-ecological production areas in Kenya. AGRICULTURE, ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 261:161-171. [PMID: 29970945 PMCID: PMC5946706 DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is an important African food legume suitable for dry regions. It is the main legume in two contrasting agro-ecological regions of Kenya as an important component of crop rotations because of its relative tolerance to unpredictable drought events. This study was carried out in an effort to establish a collection of bacterial root nodule symbionts and determine their relationship to physicochemical soil parameters as well as any geographical distributional patterns. Bradyrhizobium spp. were found to be widespread in this study and several different types could be identified at each site. Unique but rare symbionts were recovered from the nodules of plants sampled in a drier in-land region, where there were also overall more different bradyrhizobia found. Plants raised in soil from uncultivated sites with a natural vegetation cover tended to also associate with more different bradyrizobia. The occurrence and abundance of different bradyrhizobia correlated with differences in soil texture and pH, but did neither with the agro-ecological origin, nor the origin from cultivated (n = 15) or uncultivated (n = 5) sites. The analytical method, protein profiling of isolated strains by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), provided higher resolution than 16S rRNA gene sequencing and was applied in this study for the first time to isolates recovered directly from field-collected cowpea root nodules. The method thus seems suitable for screening isolate collections on the presence of different groups, which, provided an appropriate reference database, can also be assigned to known species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mathu Ndungu
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich Plant Nutrition group Eschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o ICIPE Campus, P.O. Box 30772-00100 Nairobi, Kenya
- Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, CH-5070 Frick, Switzerland
| | - Monika M. Messmer
- Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, CH-5070 Frick, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Ziegler
- Mabritec AG, Lörracherstrasse 50, CH-4125 Riehen, Switzerland
| | - Hannes A. Gamper
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich Plant Nutrition group Eschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland
| | - Éva Mészáros
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich Plant Nutrition group Eschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland
| | - Moses Thuita
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o ICIPE Campus, P.O. Box 30772-00100 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Bernard Vanlauwe
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o ICIPE Campus, P.O. Box 30772-00100 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Emmanuel Frossard
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich Plant Nutrition group Eschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Thonar
- Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, CH-5070 Frick, Switzerland
- Current address: AgroBioChem Department, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
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Ndungu SM, Messmer MM, Ziegler D, Thuita M, Vanlauwe B, Frossard E, Thonar C. Evaluation of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for the competitiveness analysis of selected indigenous cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) Bradyrhizobium strains from Kenya. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:5265-5278. [PMID: 29696334 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cowpea N2 fixation and yield can be enhanced by selecting competitive and efficient indigenous rhizobia. Strains from contrasting agro-ecologies of Kilifi and Mbeere (Kenya) were screened. Two pot experiments were established consisting of 13 Bradyrhizobium strains; experiment 1 (11 Mbeere + CBA + BK1 from Burkina Faso), experiment 2 (12 Kilifi + CBA). Symbiotic effectiveness was assessed (shoot biomass, SPAD index and N uptake). Nodule occupancy of 13 simultaneously co-inoculated strains in each experiment was analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) to assess competitiveness. Strains varied in effectiveness and competitiveness. The four most efficient strains were further evaluated in a field trial in Mbeere during the 2014 short rains. Strains from bacteroids of cowpea nodules from pot and field experiments were accurately identified as Bradyrhizobium by MALDI-TOF based on the SARAMIS™ database. In the field, abundant indigenous populations 7.10 × 103 rhizobia g-1 soil, outcompeted introduced strains. As revealed by MALDI-TOF, indigenous strains clustered into six distinct groups (I, II, III, IV, V and VI), group III were most abundant occupying 80% of nodules analyzed. MALDI-TOF was rapid, affordable and reliable to identify Bradyrhizobium strains directly from nodule suspensions in competition pot assays and in the field with abundant indigenous strains thus, its suitability for future competition assays. Evaluating strain competitiveness and then symbiotic efficacy is proposed in bioprospecting for potential cowpea inoculant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mathu Ndungu
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Plant Nutrition group, Eschikon 33, CH-8315, Lindau, Switzerland. .,Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, CH-5070, Frick, Switzerland. .,International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o ICIPE Campus, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Monika M Messmer
- Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, CH-5070, Frick, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Ziegler
- Mabritec AG, Lörracherstrasse 50, CH-4125, Riehen, Switzerland
| | - Moses Thuita
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o ICIPE Campus, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Bernard Vanlauwe
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o ICIPE Campus, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Emmanuel Frossard
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Plant Nutrition group, Eschikon 33, CH-8315, Lindau, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Thonar
- Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, CH-5070, Frick, Switzerland. .,AgroBioChem Department, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, B-5030, Gembloux, Belgium.
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Distribution and Phylogeny of Microsymbionts Associated with Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Nodulation in Three Agroecological Regions of Mozambique. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.01712-17. [PMID: 29101189 PMCID: PMC5752868 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01712-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cowpea derives most of its N nutrition from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) via symbiotic bacteroids in root nodules. In Sub-Saharan Africa, the diversity and biogeographic distribution of bacterial microsymbionts nodulating cowpea and other indigenous legumes are not well understood, though needed for increased legume production. The aim of this study was to describe the distribution and phylogenies of rhizobia at different agroecological regions of Mozambique using PCR of the BOX element (BOX-PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS-RFLP), and sequence analysis of ribosomal, symbiotic, and housekeeping genes. A total of 122 microsymbionts isolated from two cowpea varieties (IT-1263 and IT-18) grouped into 17 clades within the BOX-PCR dendrogram. The PCR-ITS analysis yielded 17 ITS types for the bacterial isolates, while ITS-RFLP analysis placed all test isolates in six distinct clusters (I to VI). BLASTn sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and four housekeeping genes (glnII, gyrB, recA, and rpoB) showed their alignment with Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium species. The results revealed a group of highly diverse and adapted cowpea-nodulating microsymbionts which included Bradyrhizobium pachyrhizi, Bradyrhizobium arachidis, Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense, and a novel Bradyrhizobium sp., as well as Rhizobium tropici, Rhizobium pusense, and Neorhizobium galegae in Mozambican soils. Discordances observed in single-gene phylogenies could be attributed to horizontal gene transfer and/or subsequent recombinations of the genes. Natural deletion of 60 bp of the gyrB region was observed in isolate TUTVU7; however, this deletion effect on DNA gyrase function still needs to be confirmed. The inconsistency of nifH with core gene phylogenies suggested differences in the evolutionary history of both chromosomal and symbiotic genes. IMPORTANCE A diverse group of both Bradyrhizobium and Rhizobium species responsible for cowpea nodulation in Mozambique was found in this study. Future studies could prove useful in evaluating these bacterial isolates for symbiotic efficiency and strain competitiveness in Mozambican soils.
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Tampakaki AP, Fotiadis CT, Ntatsi G, Savvas D. Phylogenetic multilocus sequence analysis of indigenous slow-growing rhizobia nodulating cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L.) in Greece. Syst Appl Microbiol 2017; 40:179-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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17
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Leite J, Fischer D, Rouws LFM, Fernandes-Júnior PI, Hofmann A, Kublik S, Schloter M, Xavier GR, Radl V. Cowpea Nodules Harbor Non-rhizobial Bacterial Communities that Are Shaped by Soil Type Rather than Plant Genotype. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:2064. [PMID: 28163711 PMCID: PMC5247471 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.02064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have been pointing to a high diversity of bacteria associated to legume root nodules. Even though most of these bacteria do not form nodules with legumes themselves, it was shown that they might enter infection threads when co-inoculated with rhizobial strains. The aim of this work was to describe the diversity of bacterial communities associated with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) root nodules using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, regarding the factors plant genotype and soil type. As expected, Bradyrhizobium was the most abundant genus of the detected genera. Furthermore, we found a high bacterial diversity associated to cowpea nodules; OTUs related to the genera Enterobacter, Chryseobacterium, Sphingobacterium, and unclassified Enterobacteriacea were the most abundant. The presence of these groups was significantly influenced by the soil type and, to a lesser extent, plant genotype. Interestingly, OTUs assigned to Chryseobacterium were highly abundant, particularly in samples obtained from an Ultisol soil. We confirmed their presence in root nodules and assessed their diversity using a target isolation approach. Though their functional role still needs to be addressed, we postulate that Chryseobacterium strains might help cowpea plant to cope with salt stress in semi-arid regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakson Leite
- Soil Science Department, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de JaneiroSeropédica, Brazil
| | - Doreen Fischer
- Embrapa AgrobiologiaSeropédica, Brazil
- Research Unit Environmental Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenOberschleißheim, Germany
| | | | | | - Andreas Hofmann
- Embrapa AgrobiologiaSeropédica, Brazil
- Research Unit Environmental Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenOberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Susanne Kublik
- Research Unit Environmental Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenOberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Michael Schloter
- Research Unit Environmental Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenOberschleißheim, Germany
| | | | - Viviane Radl
- Research Unit Environmental Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenOberschleißheim, Germany
- *Correspondence: Viviane Radl,
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Grönemeyer JL, Hurek T, Bünger W, Reinhold-Hurek B. Bradyrhizobium vignae sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing symbiont isolated from effective nodules of Vigna and Arachis. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:62-69. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jann Lasse Grönemeyer
- Department of Microbe-Plant Interactions, Center of Molecular Interactions Bremen (CBIB), Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Postfach 33 04 40, D-28334, Bremen, Germany
| | - Thomas Hurek
- Department of Microbe-Plant Interactions, Center of Molecular Interactions Bremen (CBIB), Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Postfach 33 04 40, D-28334, Bremen, Germany
| | - Wiebke Bünger
- Department of Microbe-Plant Interactions, Center of Molecular Interactions Bremen (CBIB), Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Postfach 33 04 40, D-28334, Bremen, Germany
| | - Barbara Reinhold-Hurek
- Department of Microbe-Plant Interactions, Center of Molecular Interactions Bremen (CBIB), Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Postfach 33 04 40, D-28334, Bremen, Germany
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19
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Diouf F, Diouf D, Klonowska A, Le Queré A, Bakhoum N, Fall D, Neyra M, Parrinello H, Diouf M, Ndoye I, Moulin L. Genetic and genomic diversity studies of Acacia symbionts in Senegal reveal new species of Mesorhizobium with a putative geographical pattern. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117667. [PMID: 25658650 PMCID: PMC4319832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acacia senegal (L) Willd. and Acacia seyal Del. are highly nitrogen-fixing and moderately salt tolerant species. In this study we focused on the genetic and genomic diversity of Acacia mesorhizobia symbionts from diverse origins in Senegal and investigated possible correlations between the genetic diversity of the strains, their soil of origin, and their tolerance to salinity. We first performed a multi-locus sequence analysis on five markers gene fragments on a collection of 47 mesorhizobia strains of A. senegal and A. seyal from 8 localities. Most of the strains (60%) clustered with the M. plurifarium type strain ORS 1032T, while the others form four new clades (MSP1 to MSP4). We sequenced and assembled seven draft genomes: four in the M. plurifarium clade (ORS3356, ORS3365, STM8773 and ORS1032T), one in MSP1 (STM8789), MSP2 (ORS3359) and MSP3 (ORS3324). The average nucleotide identities between these genomes together with the MLSA analysis reveal three new species of Mesorhizobium. A great variability of salt tolerance was found among the strains with a lack of correlation between the genetic diversity of mesorhizobia, their salt tolerance and the soils samples characteristics. A putative geographical pattern of A. senegal symbionts between the dryland north part and the center of Senegal was found, reflecting adaptations to specific local conditions such as the water regime. However, the presence of salt does not seem to be an important structuring factor of Mesorhizobium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatou Diouf
- Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie IRD/ISRA/UCAD, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, Dakar, Senegal
- Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE), Dakar, Senegal
- IRD-Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (LSTM), Campus de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France
| | - Diegane Diouf
- Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie IRD/ISRA/UCAD, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, Dakar, Senegal
- Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Agnieszka Klonowska
- IRD-Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (LSTM), Campus de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France
| | - Antoine Le Queré
- Laboratoire Mixte International Biotechnologie Microbienne et Végétale (LBMV), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Niokhor Bakhoum
- Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie IRD/ISRA/UCAD, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, Dakar, Senegal
- Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Dioumacor Fall
- Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie IRD/ISRA/UCAD, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, Dakar, Senegal
- Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Marc Neyra
- Irstea, UR MALY, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hugues Parrinello
- MGX-Montpellier GenomiX, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France
| | - Mayecor Diouf
- Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Ibrahima Ndoye
- Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie IRD/ISRA/UCAD, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, Dakar, Senegal
- Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Lionel Moulin
- Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE), Dakar, Senegal
- IRD-Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (LSTM), Campus de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France
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Dieng A, Duponnois R, Floury A, Laguerre G, Ndoye I, Baudoin E. Impact of the energy crop Jatropha curcas L. on the composition of rhizobial populations nodulating cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) and acacia (Acacia seyal L.). Syst Appl Microbiol 2014; 38:128-34. [PMID: 25466917 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Jatropha curcas, a Euphorbiaceae species that produces many toxicants, is increasingly planted as an agrofuel plant in Senegal. The purpose of this study was to determine whether soil priming induced by J. curcas monoculture could alter the rhizobial populations that nodulate cowpea and acacia, two locally widespread legumes. Soil samples were transferred into a greenhouse from three fields previously cultivated with Jatropha for 1, 2, and 15 years, and the two trap legumes were grown in them. Control soil samples were also taken from adjacent Jatropha-fallow plots. Both legumes tended to develop fewer but larger nodules when grown in Jatropha soils. Nearly all the nifH sequences amplified from nodule DNA were affiliated to the Bradyrhizobium genus. Only sequences from Acacia seyal nodules grown in the most recent Jatropha plantation were related to the Mesorhizobium genus, which was much a more conventional finding on A. seyal than the unexpected Bradyrhizobium genus. Apart from this particular case, only minor differences were found in the respective compositions of Jatropha soil versus control soil rhizobial populations. Lastly, the structure of these rhizobial populations was systematically imbalanced owing to the overwhelming dominance of a very small number of nifH genotypes, some of which were identical across soil types or even sites. Despite these weak and sparse effects on rhizobial diversity, future investigations should focus on the characterization of the nitrogen-fixing abilities of the predominant rhizobial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadou Dieng
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR LSTM, Montpellier, France; Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie IRD/ISRA/UCAD, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Robin Duponnois
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR LSTM, Montpellier, France
| | - Antoine Floury
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR LSTM, Montpellier, France
| | - Gisèle Laguerre
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR LSTM, Montpellier, France
| | - Ibrahima Ndoye
- Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie IRD/ISRA/UCAD, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Ezékiel Baudoin
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR LSTM, Montpellier, France.
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