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François S, Mondot S, Gerard Q, Bel R, Knoertzer J, Berriche A, Cavallero S, Baati R, Orset C, Dal Bo G, Thibault K. Long-Term Anxiety-Like Behavior and Microbiota Changes Induced in Mice by Sublethal Doses of Acute Sarin Surrogate Exposure. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051167. [PMID: 35625901 PMCID: PMC9138233 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorder is one of the most reported complications following organophosphorus (OP) nerve agent (NA) exposure. The goal of this study was to characterize the long-term behavioral impact of a single low dose exposure to 4-nitrophenyl isopropyl methylphosphonate (NIMP), a sarin surrogate. We chose two different sublethal doses of NIMP, each corresponding to a fraction of the median lethal dose (one mild and one convulsive), and evaluated behavioral changes over a 6-month period following exposure. Mice exposed to both doses showed anxious behavior which persisted for six-months post-exposure. A longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging examination did not reveal any anatomical changes in the amygdala throughout the 6-month period. While no cholinesterase activity change or neuroinflammation could be observed at the latest timepoint in the amygdala of NIMP-exposed mice, important modifications in white blood cell counts were noted, reflecting a perturbation of the systemic immune system. Furthermore, intestinal inflammation and microbiota changes were observed at 6-months in NIMP-exposed animals regardless of the dose received. This is the first study to identify long-term behavioral impairment, systemic homeostasis disorganization and gut microbiota alterations following OP sublethal exposure. Our findings highlight the importance of long-term care for victims of NA exposure, even in asymptomatic cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine François
- Department of Radiation Biological Effects, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, 91220 Bretigny sur Orge, France; (S.F.); (S.C.)
| | - Stanislas Mondot
- Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France;
| | - Quentin Gerard
- Department of Toxicology and Chemical Risks, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, 91220 Bretigny sur Orge, France; (Q.G.); (R.B.); (J.K.); (A.B.)
- Institut Blood and Brain@caen-normandie Cyceron, Caen-Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), 14000 Caen, France;
| | - Rosalie Bel
- Department of Toxicology and Chemical Risks, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, 91220 Bretigny sur Orge, France; (Q.G.); (R.B.); (J.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Julie Knoertzer
- Department of Toxicology and Chemical Risks, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, 91220 Bretigny sur Orge, France; (Q.G.); (R.B.); (J.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Asma Berriche
- Department of Toxicology and Chemical Risks, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, 91220 Bretigny sur Orge, France; (Q.G.); (R.B.); (J.K.); (A.B.)
- CEA, 92260 Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - Sophie Cavallero
- Department of Radiation Biological Effects, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, 91220 Bretigny sur Orge, France; (S.F.); (S.C.)
| | - Rachid Baati
- ICPEES UMR CNRS 7515, Institut de Chimie des Procédés, pour l’Energie, l’Environnement, et la Santé, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Cyrille Orset
- Institut Blood and Brain@caen-normandie Cyceron, Caen-Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), 14000 Caen, France;
| | - Gregory Dal Bo
- Department of Toxicology and Chemical Risks, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, 91220 Bretigny sur Orge, France; (Q.G.); (R.B.); (J.K.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: (G.D.B.); (K.T.)
| | - Karine Thibault
- Department of Toxicology and Chemical Risks, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, 91220 Bretigny sur Orge, France; (Q.G.); (R.B.); (J.K.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: (G.D.B.); (K.T.)
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Chien YH, Su CH, Hu CC, Yeh KH, Lin WC. Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance-Based Colorimetric Assay Featuring Thiol-Capped Au Nanoparticles Combined with a Mobile Application for On-Site Parathion Organophosphate Pesticide Detection. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:838-848. [PMID: 34989582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we employed a dual strategy for parathion organophosphate pesticide (parathion) detection; first, we used a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)-based colorimetric sensor featuring thiol-capped Au NPs, namely cysteine (Cys)@Au NPs, 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (11-MUA)@Au NPs, and glutathione (GSH)@Au NPs, via acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) and acetylthiocholine (ATCH) enzyme-mediated hydrolysis reactions; second, we developed a color analysis toxicity-sensing app (Toxin APP). Positively charged thiocholine (TCH) molecules, which were continuously generated via hydrolysis, subsequently conjugated with thiol-capped Au NPs, causing Au NP aggregation through electrostatic attractions. The degree of aggregation of the thiol-capped Au NPs was influenced by parathion concentrations in the range 0 to 108 ppt, because parathion acted as an ACHE inhibitor by controlling the amount of TCH generated. Based on the values of LSPR absorbance ratio, the limits of detection (LODs) of three types thiol-capped Au NPs were determined to be 100 ppt using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy measurements. However, the aggregation efficiency of GSH@Au NPs was lower than that of the others regarding gradual changes in their color and LSPR absorbance band. Furthermore, we designed Toxin APP for color analysis which consists of three modules: processing, database collection, and communication. Toxin APP could on-site and precisely detect the color changes of GSH@Au NPs at parathion concentrations in the ranges of 100 ppt to 1, 10, and 100 ppm and could distinguish between OP and non-OP pesticides (e.g., fipronil) in tap water samples with high sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, the concentration of residual parathion in real samples (tomato and strawberry) was quantified based on the color changes of GSH@Au NPs detected using Toxin APP. Therefore, the combination of an LSPR-based colorimetric assay and Toxin APP can be a reliable method for the facile and rapid detection of parathion in food and water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsin Chien
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hao Su
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chun Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hsiang Yeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
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Bloch-Shilderman E, Rabinovitz I, Egoz I, Yacov G, Allon N, Nili U. Determining a threshold sub-acute dose leading to minimal physiological alterations following prolonged exposure to the nerve agent VX in rats. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:873-892. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2108-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Iyengar ARS, Pande AH. Organophosphate-Hydrolyzing Enzymes as First-Line of Defence Against Nerve Agent-Poisoning: Perspectives and the Road Ahead. Protein J 2016; 35:424-439. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-016-9686-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Masson P. Novel approaches in prophylaxis/pretreatment and treatment of organophosphorus poisoning. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2016.1211652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Masson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
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Refolded Recombinant Human Paraoxonase 1 Variant Exhibits Prophylactic Activity Against Organophosphate Poisoning. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 180:165-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2091-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Smith C, Lee R, Moran A, Sipos M. Repeated low-dose exposures to sarin, soman, or VX affect acoustic startle in guinea pigs. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2016; 54:36-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Expression and purification of biologically active recombinant human paraoxonase 1 from inclusion bodies of Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif 2015; 115:95-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Satvik Iyengar A, Tripathy RK, Bajaj P, Pande AH. Improving storage stability of recombinant organophosphorus hydrolase. Protein Expr Purif 2015; 111:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Li T, Zhao H, Hung GC, Han J, Tsai S, Li B, Zhang J, Puri RK, Lo SC. Differentially expressed genes and pathways induced by organophosphates in human neuroblastoma cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2013; 237:1413-23. [PMID: 23354400 DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2012.012178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Organophosphates (OPs) are toxic chemicals commonly used as pesticides and herbicides. Some OPs are highly toxic to humans and have been used in warfare and terrorist attacks. In order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of injury caused by OPs, the differentially expressed genes were analyzed in human SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells induced by three OPs. The SK-N-SH cells were treated with one of the three OPs, chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos or methamidophos at LC20 (high-dose), the concentration causing 20% cell death, as well as 1/20 of LC20 (low-dose), a sub-lethal concentration with no detectable cell death, for 24 h. The genome-wide gene changes were identified by Agilent Microarray System, and analyzed by microarray analysis tools. The analysis revealed neuroblastoma cells treated with the high doses of all three OPs markedly activated cell apoptosis and inhibited cell growth and proliferation genes, which would most likely lead to the process of cell death. Interestingly, the analysis also revealed significant decrease in expressions of many genes in a specific spliceosome pathway in cells treated with the low doses of all three different OPs. The change of spliceosome pathway may represent an important mechanism of injury in neuronal cells exposed to low doses of various OPs. In addition to unraveling a potentially different form of OP pathogenesis, this finding could provide a new diagnostic marker in assessing OP-associated injury in cells or tissues. In addition, these results could also contribute to the development of new prevention and/or therapeutic regimens against OP toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Li
- Tissue Safety Laboratory Program, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, NIH Building 29B, 29 Lincoln Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Knaack JS, Zhou Y, Abney CW, Prezioso SM, Magnuson M, Evans R, Jakubowski EM, Hardy K, Johnson RC. High-Throughput Immunomagnetic Scavenging Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Live VX Nerve Agent in Water, Hamburger, and Soil Matrixes. Anal Chem 2012; 84:10052-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac3025224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S. Knaack
- National Center for Environmental
Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Emergency Response and Air
Toxicants Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS F44, Chamblee, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Yingtao Zhou
- National Center for Environmental
Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Emergency Response and Air
Toxicants Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS F44, Chamblee, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Carter W. Abney
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science
and Education Fellow, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS F44, Chamblee, Georgia
30341, United States
| | - Samantha M. Prezioso
- IHRC,
Incorporated, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2 Ravinia
Drive, Suite 1260, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Matthew Magnuson
- Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Mailstop NG-16,
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, United States
| | - Ronald Evans
- U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, E3150 RDCB-DRT-A, 5183 Blackhawk
Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010-5424, United States
| | - Edward M. Jakubowski
- U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, E3150 RDCB-DRT-A, 5183 Blackhawk
Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010-5424, United States
| | - Katelyn Hardy
- National Center for Environmental
Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Emergency Response and Air
Toxicants Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS F44, Chamblee, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Rudolph C. Johnson
- National Center for Environmental
Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Emergency Response and Air
Toxicants Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS F44, Chamblee, Georgia 30341, United States
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Oswal DP, Garrett TL, Morris M, Lucot JB. Low-Dose Sarin Exposure Produces Long Term Changes in Brain Neurochemistry of Mice. Neurochem Res 2012; 38:108-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0896-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pizarro JM, Chang WE, Bah MJ, Wright LKM, Saviolakis GA, Alagappan A, Robison CL, Shah JD, Meyerhoff JL, Cerasoli DM, Midboe EG, Lumley LA. Repeated Exposure to Sublethal Doses of the Organophosphorus Compound VX Activates BDNF Expression in Mouse Brain. Toxicol Sci 2012; 126:497-505. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfr353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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Masson P. Evolution of and perspectives on therapeutic approaches to nerve agent poisoning. Toxicol Lett 2011; 206:5-13. [PMID: 21524695 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
After more than 70 years of considerable efforts, research on medical defense against nerve agents has come to a standstill. Major progress in medical countermeasures was achieved between the 50s and 70s with the development of anticholinergic drugs and carbamate-based pretreatment, the introduction of pyridinium oximes as antidotes, and benzodiazepines in emergency treatments. These drugs ensure good protection of the peripheral nervous system and mitigate the acute effects of exposure to lethal doses of nerve agents. However, pyridostigmine and cholinesterase reactivators currently used in the armed forces do not protect/reactivate central acetylcholinesterases. Moreover, other drugs used are not sufficiently effective in protecting the central nervous system against seizures, irreversible brain damages and long-term sequelae of nerve agent poisoning.New developments of medical counter-measures focus on: (a) detoxification of organophosphorus molecules before they react with acetylcholinesterase and other physiological targets by administration of stoichiometric or catalytic scavengers; (b) protection and reactivation of central acetylcholinesterases, and (c) improvement of neuroprotection following delayed therapy.Future developments will aim at treatment of acute and long-term effects of low level exposure to nerve agents, research on alternative routes for optimizing drug delivery, and therapies. Though gene therapy for in situ generation of bioscavengers, and cell therapy based on neural progenitor engraftment for neuronal regeneration have been successfully explored, more studies are needed before practical medical applications can be made of these new approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Masson
- IRBA-CRSSA, Toxicology Dept., 38702 La Tronche Cedex, France.
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