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Ying M, Yang Y, Huo Q, Sun J, Hong X, Yang F, Fang Y, Lu L, Mao T, Xiao P, Tao G. Nrf-2/HO-1 activation protects against oxidative stress and inflammation induced by metal welding fume UFPs in 16HBE cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:24057. [PMID: 39402078 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-74599-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
As one of the main occupational hazards, welding fumes can cause oxidative damage and induce series of diseases, such as COPD or asthma. To clarify the effects of the metal fume ultrafine particulates (MF-UFPs) of welding fumes on oxidative damage, UFPs were collected by melt inert gas (MIG) and manual metal arc (MMA) welding, and the composition was confirmed. Human bronchial epithelial 16HBE cells were treated with 0-1000 µg/cm2 MF-UFPs to analyse the cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and cytokines. The protein and mRNA expression of Keap1-Nrf-2/antioxidant response elements (AREs) signalling pathway components were also analysed. After 4 h of treatment, the cell viability decreased 25% after 33.85 and 32.81 µg/cm2 MIG/MMA-UFPs treated. The intracellular ATP concentrations were also decreased significantly, while LDH leakage was increased. The decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased ROS suggested the occurrence of oxidative damage, and the results of proteome profiling arrays also showed a significant increase in IL-6 and IL-8. The expression of AREs which related to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory were also increased. These results indicate that the MF-UFPs can cause oxidative stress in 16HBE cells and activate the Nrf-2/ARE signalling pathway to against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchao Ying
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qian Huo
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jingqiu Sun
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xinyu Hong
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Yamin Fang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Lingyi Lu
- Xuhui District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Tingfeng Mao
- Xuhui District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Gonghua Tao
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Zhai X, Yan W, Liu S, Tian L, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Ni Y, Shen H, Wang J, Wan Z, Jiang F, Xin L. Silver nanoparticles induce iron accumulation-associated cognitive impairment via modulating neuronal ferroptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123555. [PMID: 38369090 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in daily life and medical fields owing to their unique physicochemical properties. Daily exposure to AgNPs has become a great concern regarding their potential toxicity to human beings, especially to the central nervous system. Ferroptosis, a newly recognized programmed cell death, was recently reported to be associated with the neurodegenerative process. However, whether and how ferroptosis contributes to AgNPs-induced neurotoxicity remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of ferroptosis in neurotoxic effects induced by AgNPs using in vitro and in vivo models. Our results showed that AgNPs induced a notable dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on HT-22 cells and cognitive impairment in mice as indicated by a decline in learning and memory and brain tissue injuries. These findings were accompanied by iron overload caused by the disruption of the iron transport system and activation of NCOA4-mediated autophagic degradation of ferritin. The excessive free iron subsequently induced GSH depletion, loss of GPX and SOD activities, differential expression of Nrf2 signaling pathway elements, down-regulation of GPX4 protein and production of lipid peroxides, initiating ferroptosis cascades. The mitigating effects of ferrostatin-1 and deferoxamine on iron overload, redox imbalance, neuronal cell death, impairment of mice learning and memory, Aβ deposition and synaptic plasticity reduction suggested ferroptosis as a potential molecular mechanism in AgNPs-induced neurotoxicity. Taken together, these results demonstrated that AgNPs induced neuronal cell death and cognitive impairment with Aβ deposition and reduction of synaptic plasticity, which were mediated by ferroptosis caused by iron-mediated lipid peroxidation. Our study provides new insights into the underlying mechanisms of AgNPs-induced neurotoxicity and predicts potential preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedi Zhai
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China; Yancheng Center for Disease Prevention and Control, 198 Open Avenue, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weici Yan
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuhui Liu
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Tian
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yidan Zhang
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiwei Zhao
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yebo Ni
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Han Shen
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianshu Wang
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, 72 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Jiang
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Xin
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China; School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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Xu Z, Jia Y, Liu J, Ren X, Yang X, Xia X, Pan X. Naringenin and Quercetin Exert Contradictory Cytoprotective and Cytotoxic Effects on Tamoxifen-Induced Apoptosis in HepG2 Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245394. [PMID: 36558554 PMCID: PMC9783584 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen is commonly used to treat estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Phytoconstituents are considered candidates for chemopreventive drugs in cancer treatment. However, it remains unknown what would happen if tamoxifen and phytoconstituents were administrated simultaneously. We aimed to observe the synergistic antitumor effects of tamoxifen and naringenin/quercetin on human hepatic carcinoma and to explore the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. The HepG2 cell line was used as an in vitro model. Cell proliferation, invasion, migration, cycle progression and apoptosis were investigated along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) repression. The signaling pathways involved were identified using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. As the results show, tamoxifen in combination with higher concentrations of naringenin or quercetin significantly inhibited cell growth compared to either agent alone. These antiproliferative effects were accompanied by the inhibition of cell migration and invasion but the stimulation of cell apoptosis and loss of ΔΨm, which depended on the ROS-regulated p53 signaling cascades. Conversely, lower concentrations of naringenin and quercetin inhibited the tamoxifen-induced cell antiproliferative effects by regulating cell migration, invasion, cycle and apoptosis. Taken together, our findings revealed that phytoconstituents exerted contradictory cytoprotective and cytotoxic effects induced by tamoxifen in human hepatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Xu
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- Faculty of Life Science & Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yue Jia
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiaomin Ren
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (X.P.); Tel./Fax: +86-871-65920510 (X.Y.); Tel.: +86-871-65916001 (X.P.); Fax: +86-871-65916002 (X.P.)
| | - Xueshan Xia
- Faculty of Life Science & Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xuejun Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (X.P.); Tel./Fax: +86-871-65920510 (X.Y.); Tel.: +86-871-65916001 (X.P.); Fax: +86-871-65916002 (X.P.)
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Zhai X, Shan S, Wan J, Tian H, Wang J, Xin L. Silver Nanoparticles Induce a Size-dependent Neurotoxicity to SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells via Ferritinophagy-mediated Oxidative Stress. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:1369-1379. [PMID: 36040578 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00570-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in a variety of consumer products because of their antibacterial and antifungal characteristics, but little is known about their toxicity to the brain. In this study, we investigated AgNP-induced neurotoxicity using the human neuroblastoma cancer (SH-SY5Y) cell line. After a 24 h treatment of AgNPs with two primary sizes (5 and 50 nm labeled as Ag-5 and Ag-50, respectively), a series of toxicological endpoints including cell viability, expression of proteins and genes in amyloid precursor protein (APP) amyloid hydrolysis process and ferritinophagy signaling pathways, oxidative stress, intracellular iron levels, and molecular regulators of iron metabolism were evaluated. Our results showed that both Ag-5 and Ag-50 induced notable neurotoxic effects on SH-SY5Y cells indicated by cell proliferation inhibition, increased BACE1 protein expression, and decreased APP and ADAM10 gene expression. Activation of nuclear receptor coactivator 4-mediated ferritinophagy and blockade of autophagic flux were induced by AgNPs, accompanied by intracellular iron accumulation and overexpression of divalent metal-ion transporter-1 and ferroportin1 in SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, AgNPs significantly decreased glutathione peroxidase 4 protein expression but increased malondialdehyde concentration, suggesting that AgNP-induced iron accumulation may trigger oxidative stress by disruption of the intracellular oxidant and antioxidant systems. In addition, compared with Ag-50, Ag-5 with higher cellular uptake efficiency caused more detrimental effects on SH-SY5Y cells. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated a size-dependent neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells by AgNPs via ferritinophagy-mediated oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedi Zhai
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Shan Shan
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jianmei Wan
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Hailin Tian
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jianshu Wang
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, 72 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China.
| | - Lili Xin
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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Li W, Du X, Yang Y, Yuan L, Yang M, Qin L, Wang L, Zhou K, Xiang Y, Qu X, Liu H, Qin X, Xiao G, Liu C. miRNA-34b/c regulates mucus secretion in RSV-infected airway epithelial cells by targeting FGFR1. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10565-10574. [PMID: 34636482 PMCID: PMC8581336 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in airway epithelial cells is the main cause of bronchiolitis in children. Excessive mucus secretion is one of the primary symbols in RSV related lower respiratory tract infections (RSV-related LRTI). However, the pathological processes of mucus hypersecretion in RSV-infected airway epithelial cells remains unclear. The current study explores the involvement of miR-34b/miR-34c in mucus hypersecretion in RSV-infected airway epithelial cells by targeting FGFR1. First, miR-34b/miR-34c and FGFR1 mRNA were quantified by qPCR in throat swab samples and cell lines, respectively. Then, the luciferase reporters' assay was designed to verify the direct binding between FGFR1 and miR-34b/miR-34c. Finally, the involvement of AP-1 signalling was assessed by western blot. This study identified that miR-34b/miR-34c was involved in c-Jun-regulated MUC5AC production by targeting FGFR1 in RSV-infected airway epithelial cells. These results provide some useful insights into the molecular mechanisms of mucus hypersecretion which may also bring new potential strategies to improve mucus hypersecretion in RSV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Li
- Department of PediatricsHunan Provincial People’s HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xizi Du
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory DiseaseSchool of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyFaculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research InstituteCallaghanNSWAustralia
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Ming Yang
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory DiseaseSchool of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyFaculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research InstituteCallaghanNSWAustralia
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Leyuan Wang
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiangping Qu
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Huijun Liu
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiaoqun Qin
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Gelei Xiao
- Department of NeurosurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
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Wang K, Zhang F, Wei Y, Wei W, Jiang L, Liu Z, Liu S. In Situ Imaging of Cellular Reactive Oxygen Species and Caspase-3 Activity Using a Multifunctional Theranostic Probe for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy. Anal Chem 2021; 93:7870-7878. [PMID: 34038094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a multifunctional theranostic nanoprobe (Au-Ag-HM) was skillfully designed for simultaneous imaging of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase-3 activity. The Au-Ag-HM was fabricated by coloading of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) to Au nanoflowers (AuNFs). When Au-Ag-HM was devoured by cancer cells, HepG2 cells were used as the model, and under laser irradiation, the photogenerated intracellular ROS by the photosensitizer HMME would induce the apoptosis of cancer cells. Meanwhile, the intracellular ROS triggered the oxidative etching of AgNPs on Au-Ag-HM, which led to a tremendous localized surface plasmon resonance response and scattering color changes in Au-Ag-HM, allowing in situ dark-field imaging of the ROS level in cancer cells. On the other hand, the ROS-induced activation of cellular caspase-3, which cleaved the C-peptide-containing caspase-3-specific recognition sequence (DEVD) and allowed HMME to release from the nanoprobe, resulted in a significant fluorescence recovery related to caspase-3 activity. Both photogenerated ROS and enhanced caspase-3 activity contributed to the synergistic effect of laser-mediated chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy. Therefore, the as-prepared theranostic probe could be used for simultaneous detection of cellular ROS and caspase-3 activity, distinguishing between tumor cells and normal cells, inducing the apoptosis of cancer cells, and providing a new method for diagnosis and therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yuanqing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Songqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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Sun J, Wan J, Zhai X, Wang J, Liu Z, Tian H, Xin L. Silver nanoparticles: Correlating particle size and ionic Ag release with cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and inflammatory responses in human cell lines. Toxicol Ind Health 2021; 37:198-209. [PMID: 33625315 DOI: 10.1177/0748233721996561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), their many sources for human exposure, and the ability of AgNPs to enter organisms and induce general toxicological responses have raised concerns regarding their public health and environmental safety. To elucidate the differential toxic effects of polyvinylpyrrolidone-capped AgNPs with different primary particle sizes (i.e. 5, 50, and 75 nm), we performed a battery of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assays and examined the inflammatory responses in two human cell lines (i.e. HepG2 and A549). Concentration-dependent decreases in cell proliferation and mitochondrial membrane potential and increases in cytokine (i.e. interleukin-6 and interleukin-8) excretion indicated disruption of mitochondrial function and inflammation as the main mediating factors of AgNPs-induced cytotoxicity. An incremental increase in genotoxicity with decreasing AgNPs diameter was noted in HepG2 cells, which was associated with S and G2/M accumulation and transcriptional activation of the GADD45α promoter as reflected by luciferase activity. Dose-related genetic damage, as indicated by Olive tail moment and micronucleus formation, was also observed in A549 cells, but these effects as well as the AgNPs-induced cytotoxicity were more associated with ionic Ag release from nanoparticles (NPs). In summary, the present study addressed different toxicity mechanisms of AgNPs, depending on the cell model, toxicological endpoint, particle size, and degree of Ag+ release from NPs. The results suggest that the GADD45α promoter-driven luciferase reporter cell system provided a rapid screening tool for the identification of genotoxic properties of NPs across a range of different sizes and concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, 177544Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianmei Wan
- 177544Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuedi Zhai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, 177544Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianshu Wang
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Radiochemistry, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hailin Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, 177544Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lili Xin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, 177544Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Xin L, Wang J, Sun J, Zhang C, Tong X, Wan J, Feng J, Tian H, Zhang Z. Cellular effects of PM 2.5 from Suzhou, China: relationship to chemical composition and endotoxin content. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:287-299. [PMID: 32809125 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10403-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to PM2.5 can cause adverse health outcomes. In this study, we analyzed PM2.5 samples collected from suburban and urban sites, including a traffic tunnel in Suzhou, China, for their physicochemical properties, endotoxin contents, and effects on HepG2 and A549 cells in vitro. The greatest cellular responses, including oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, inflammatory, and transcriptional activation of stress-responsive genes (i.e., HSPA1A, GADD45α), were observed in cells treated with traffic tunnel PM2.5. Cytokine expression was also measured and closely correlated with endotoxin content, while other toxic effects were largely related to PM2.5-bound metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). These findings suggested that chemical and biological composition of PM2.5, including adsorbed trace metals, PAHs, and endotoxin, may contribute significantly to their toxicity. In addition to commonly used in vitro toxicity tests, HSPA1A and GADD45α promoter-driven luciferase reporter cells may provide a potential new tool for rapid screening and quantification of PM2.5 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Xin
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianshu Wang
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, 72 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaojiao Sun
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing Tong
- Laboratory Center, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianmei Wan
- Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jialiang Feng
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Hailin Tian
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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1,25-Dihydroxy Vitamin D 3 Attenuates the Oxidative Stress-Mediated Inflammation Induced by PM 2.5via the p38/NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathway. Inflammation 2019; 42:702-713. [PMID: 30430362 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0928-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 is reported to be involved in the regulation of inflammatory processes. In this study, biomarkers related to oxidative stress and inflammation were investigated to clarify the protective effects and possible mechanism of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) on PM2.5-induced inflammatory response. In the in vitro study using human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells, aqueous extracts of PM2.5 could induce oxidative damage which is characterized by significant increases in production of reactive oxygen species, malonaldehyde concentration, and protein expression of HSPA1A and HO-1. Meanwhile, PM2.5 caused secretion of inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-8) in the culture medium as well as phosphorylation of p38, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) inhibitor alpha (IκBα), and NF-κB p65 proteins. Increases in NLRP3 expression was also observed in HBE cells after PM2.5 exposure. However, all these biomarkers were remarkably attenuated by a 24-h pretreatment of 1 nM 1,25-(OH)2D3. Furthermore, 1,25-(OH)2D3 also reduced transcriptional activation of NF-κB induced by PM2.5 as indicated by a significant decrease in luciferase activity in HBE cells stably transfected with the NF-κB response element (RE)-driven luciferase reporter. Taken together, our findings provided novel experimental evidences supporting that vitamin D3 could reduce the predominantly oxidative stress-mediated inflammation induced by PM2.5via the p38/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
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Steurer C, Eder N, Kerschbaum S, Wegrostek C, Gabriel S, Pardo N, Ortner V, Czerny T, Riegel E. HSF1 mediated stress response of heavy metals. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209077. [PMID: 30566508 PMCID: PMC6300263 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The heat shock response (HSR) pathway is a highly conserved cellular stress response and mediated by its master regulator HSF1. Activation of the pathway results in the expression of chaperone proteins (heat shock proteins; HSP) to maintain protein homeostasis. One of the genes strongest upregulated upon stress is HSPA1A (HSP72). Heavy metals are highly toxic to living organisms and known as environmental contaminants, due to industrialisation. Furthermore, many of them are well-described inducers of the HSR pathway. Here we compare the effect of different heavy metals, concerning their potential to activate HSF1 with a sensitive artificial heat shock reporter cell line, consisting of heat shock elements (HSE). In general the responses of the artificial promoter to heavy metal stress were in good agreement with those of well-established HSF1 target genes, like HSPA1A. Nevertheless, differences were observable when effects of heat and heavy metal stress were compared. Whereas heat stress preferentially activated the HSE promoter, heavy metals more strongly induced the HSPA1A promoter. We therefore analysed the HSPA1A promoter in more detail, by isolating and mutating the HSEs. The results indicate that the importance of the individual binding sites for HSF1 is determined by their sequence similarity to the consensus sequence and their position relative to the transcription start site, but they were not differentially affected by heat or heavy metal stress. In contrast, we found that other parts of the HSPA1A promoter have different impact on the response under different stress conditions. In this work we provide deeper insights into the regulation of HSP72 expression as a well as a method to quantitatively and sensitively evaluate different stressor on their potential to activate HSF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Steurer
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Helmut-Qualtinger-Gasse 2, Vienna, Austria
| | - Noreen Eder
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Helmut-Qualtinger-Gasse 2, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Kerschbaum
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Helmut-Qualtinger-Gasse 2, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Wegrostek
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Helmut-Qualtinger-Gasse 2, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Gabriel
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Helmut-Qualtinger-Gasse 2, Vienna, Austria
| | - Natalia Pardo
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Helmut-Qualtinger-Gasse 2, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktoria Ortner
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Helmut-Qualtinger-Gasse 2, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Czerny
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Helmut-Qualtinger-Gasse 2, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Riegel
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Helmut-Qualtinger-Gasse 2, Vienna, Austria
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Mutation -388 C>G of NR5A1 gene affects litter size and promoter activity in sheep. Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 196:19-27. [PMID: 30017479 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Nuclear receptor superfamily 5, group A, member 1 (NR5A1) gene encodes a nuclear receptor that regulates the transcription of genes involved in steroidogenesis, follicular development and female fertility. Little, however, is known about the relationship of this gene with reproductive performance in sheep. In this study, the transcription initiation site of Hu sheep NR5A1 gene was located 193 nucleotides (i.e., at -193 nt) before the translational start site (ATG). The core promoter region of the NR5A1 gene ranged from -696 nt to -298 nt, and a C>G mutation at -388 nt was detected in this region. Association analysis indicated ewes with the GG genotype had greater litter size at the second and third parity than those with the CC genotype (P < 0.05). The results from the luciferase assay provided evidence that the -388 G allele increased luciferase activity compared with that of the -388 C allele. Furthermore, the -388 C>G mutation lost a CpG site and gained a novel binding site for the transcription factor, SP1, and results from an overexpression experiment and methylation analysis indicated transcription factor SP1 and methylation of the -388 C>G mutation were both involved in alteration of NR5A1 transcription activity. Results of the present study revealed that the -388 C>G mutation lost a CpG site and promoted NR5A1 gene expression, which completely superimposed positive effects on NR5A1 gene transcription activity by transcription factor SP1, resulting in a fecundity increase in Hu sheep.
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12
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Human exposure to nanoparticles through trophic transfer and the biosafety concerns that nanoparticle-contaminated foods pose to consumers. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Che B, Luo Q, Zhai B, Fan G, Liu Z, Cheng K, Xin L. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of nanosilver in stable GADD45α promoter-driven luciferase reporter HepG2 and A549 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:2203-2211. [PMID: 28568508 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The intense commercial application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been raising concerns about their potential adverse health effects to human. This study aimed to explore the potency of AgNPs to induce GADD45α gene, an important stress sensor, and its relationships with the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity elicited by AgNPs. METHODS Two established HepG2 and A549 cell lines containing the GADD45α promoter-driven luciferase reporter were treated with increasing concentrations of AgNPs for 48 hours. After the treatment, transcriptional activation of GADD45α indicated by luciferase activity, cell viability, cell cycle arrest, and levels of genotoxicity were determined. The uptake and intracellular localization of AgNPs, cellular Ag doses as well as Ag+ release were also detected. RESULTS AgNPs could activate GADD45α gene at the transcriptional level as demonstrated by the dose-dependent increases in luciferase activity in both the reporter cells. The relative luciferase activity was greater than 12× the control level in HepG2-luciferase cells at the highest concentration tested where the cell viability decreased to 17.0% of the control. These results was generally in accordance with the positive responses in cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest of Sub G1 and G2/M phase, Olive tail moment, micronuclei frequency, and the cellular Ag content. CONCLUSIONS The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of AgNPs seems to occur mainly via particles uptake and the subsequent liberation of ions inside the cells. And furthermore, the GADD45α promoter-driven luciferase reporter cells, especially the HepG2-luciferase cells, could provide a new and valuable tool for predicting nanomaterials genotoxicity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bizhong Che
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Qiulin Luo
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Bingzhong Zhai
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Guoqiang Fan
- Suzhou Industrial Park Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 58 Suqian Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Kaiming Cheng
- Suzhou Industrial Park Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 58 Suqian Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Xin
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
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