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Wang J, Zhao J, Zhao K, Wu S, Chen X, Hu W. The Role of Calcium and Iron Homeostasis in Parkinson's Disease. Brain Sci 2024; 14:88. [PMID: 38248303 PMCID: PMC10813814 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcium and iron are essential elements that regulate many important processes of eukaryotic cells. Failure to maintain homeostasis of calcium and iron causes cell dysfunction or even death. PD (Parkinson's disease) is the second most common neurological disorder in humans, for which there are currently no viable treatment options or effective strategies to cure and delay progression. Pathological hallmarks of PD, such as dopaminergic neuronal death and intracellular α-synuclein deposition, are closely involved in perturbations of iron and calcium homeostasis and accumulation. Here, we summarize the mechanisms by which Ca2+ signaling influences or promotes PD progression and the main mechanisms involved in ferroptosis in Parkinson's disease. Understanding the mechanisms by which calcium and iron imbalances contribute to the progression of this disease is critical to developing effective treatments to combat this devastating neurological disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China;
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; (J.Z.); (K.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Jindong Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; (J.Z.); (K.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Kunying Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; (J.Z.); (K.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Shangpeng Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; (J.Z.); (K.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Xinglong Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China;
| | - Weiyan Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; (J.Z.); (K.Z.); (S.W.)
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de Melo AD, Freire VAF, Diogo ÍL, Santos HDL, Barbosa LA, de Carvalho LED. Antioxidant Therapy Reduces Oxidative Stress, Restores Na,K-ATPase Function and Induces Neuroprotection in Rodent Models of Seizure and Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1397. [PMID: 37507936 PMCID: PMC10376594 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by epileptic seizures resulting from neuronal hyperexcitability, which may be related to failures in Na,K-ATPase activity and oxidative stress participation. We conducted this study to investigate the impact of antioxidant therapy on oxidative stress, Na,K-ATPase activity, seizure factors, and mortality in rodent seizure/epilepsy models induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), pilocarpine (PILO), and kainic acid (KA). After screening 561 records in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scopus databases, 22 were included in the systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines. The meta-analysis included 14 studies and showed that in epileptic animals there was an increase in the oxidizing agents nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), with a reduction in endogenous antioxidants reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SO). The Na,K-ATPase activity was reduced in all areas evaluated. Antioxidant therapy reversed all of these parameters altered by seizure or epilepsy induction. In addition, there was a percentage decrease in the number of seizures and mortality, and a meta-analysis showed a longer seizure latency in animals using antioxidant therapy. Thus, this study suggests that the use of antioxidants promotes neuroprotective effects and mitigates the effects of epilepsy. The protocol was registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42022356960.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Dutra de Melo
- Departamento de Ciências e Linguagens, Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais, Bambui 38900-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Victor Antonio Ferreira Freire
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Leonardo Diogo
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hérica de Lima Santos
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leandro Augusto Barbosa
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Zhang W, Geng X, Dong Q, Li X, Ye P, Lin M, Xu B, Jiang H. Crosstalk between autophagy and the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway regulates realgar-induced neurotoxicity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115776. [PMID: 36191662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Realgar, the main component of which is As2S2 or As4S4 (≥90%), is a traditional Chinese natural medicine that has been used to treat carbuncles, furuncles, snake and insect bites, abdominal pain caused by parasitic worms, and epilepsy in China for many years. Because realgar contains arsenic, chronic or excessive use of single-flavor realgar and realgar-containing Chinese patent medicine can lead to drug-induced arsenic poisoning, but the exact mechanism underlying its toxicity to the central nervous system is unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of realgar-induced neurotoxicity and to investigate the effects of realgar on autophagy and the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used rats treated with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or adeno-associated virus (AAV2/9-r-shRNA-Sqstm1, sh-p62) to investigate realgar-induced neurotoxicity and explore the specific relationship between autophagy and the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway (the Nrf2 pathway) in the cerebral cortex. Molecular docking analysis was used to assess the interactions among the Nrf2, p62 and Keap1 proteins. RESULTS Our results showed that arsenic from realgar accumulated in the brain and blood to cause neuronal and synaptic damage, decrease exploratory behavior and spontaneous movement, and impair memory ability in rats. The mechanism may have involved realgar-mediated autophagy impairment and continuous activation of the Nrf2 pathway via the LC3-p62-Keap1-Nrf2 axis. However, because this activation of the Nrf2 pathway was not sufficient to counteract oxidative damage, apoptosis was aggravated in the cerebral cortex. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that autophagy, the Nrf2 pathway, and apoptosis are involved in realgar-induced central nervous system toxicity and identified p62 as the hub of the LC3-p62-Keap1-Nrf2 axis in the regulation of autophagy, the Nrf2 pathway, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Xu Geng
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
| | - Qing Dong
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
| | - Xiuhan Li
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
| | - Ping Ye
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
| | - Mengyuan Lin
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
| | - Bin Xu
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
| | - Hong Jiang
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, Liaoning, PR China.
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Fu C, Dong H, Wang X, Wang H, Zheng Y, Ren D, He Y, Liu S, Wang Q. Antioxidant Effects of Rhodoxanthin from Potamogeton crispus L. on H 2 O 2 -Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages Cells. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200393. [PMID: 36471653 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Potamogeton crispus L. (P. crispus) is the type of a widely distributed perennial herbs, which is rich in rhodoxanthin. In this research work, five antioxidant indexes in vitro were selected to study the antioxidant activity of rhodoxanthin from P. crispus (RPC). A model of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) -induced oxidative damage in RAW264.7 cells was established to analyze the antioxidant effect and potential mechanism of RPC. The levels of ROS, MDA and the activities of oxidation related enzymes by H2 O2 were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression of Nrf-2, HO-1, SOD1 and SOD2 was measured by qRT-PCR assay. According to the results, RPC had free radical scavenging ability for 2, 2-diphenyl-1-trinitrohydrazine (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical ion) (ABTS), hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion. RPC significantly decreased the level of MDA and ROS and LDH activity, while increased GSH level and activities of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT. It was showed that RPC could increase the mRNA expression of Nrf-2, HO-1, SOD1 and SOD2 in RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependently manner. In summary, RPC treatment could effectively attenuate the H2 O2 -induced cell damage rate, and the mechanism is related to the reduction of H2 O2 induced oxidative stress and the activation of Nrf-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Fu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Hongchun Dong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhen Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Huirui Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China.,National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yunhai He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China.,National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Shu Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China.,National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Qiukuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China.,National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
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Wu J, Yang D, Song Z, Qian Q, Dai J, Dong J. Target RNA expression omics approach to reveal the liver detoxification effect induced by Chinese medicine prescription Niu Huang Jie Du against realgar overexposure to mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115610. [PMID: 35973632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Niu Huang Jie Du prescription (NHJD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) widely used in patients suffering from excessive inner fire toxin (Huo Du Nei Sheng) syndrome, such as sore throat, gingival swelling, and pain, mouth and tongue sores, etc. This formula contains realgar (As4S4) which is one of the 28 toxic medicinal materials promulgated by the Chinese Ministry of Health. Many studies reported its toxicity on the liver and kidney, and the detoxification effect of NHJD. However, its detoxification mechanism is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To clarify the detoxification mechanism of NHJD to realgar, this study evaluated the detoxification effect of NHJD on realgar exposure in mice, and analyzed differences in mRNA expression profiles in liver tissues and associated functional predictions. MATERIAL AND METHODS ICR mice were administered with NHJD, realgar, and CMC-Na as blank control for 12 weeks, respectively. Liver injury was evaluated by histopathologic examination and liver mRNA gene were sequenced by Illumina. Differentially expressed gene, functionally enrichment and protein association network analysis were conducted. RESULTS 43 genes were screened out, among which 15 genes in the realgar group were decreased, but the extent of the decline has been restored in the NHJD group. The remaining 28 genes have exactly the opposite trends. Functional module analysis revealed that those detoxification function-related genes were primarily for positive regulation of glutathione metabolism, P450 on the metabolism of exogenous compounds, oxidative stress and immune-related, etc. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that realgar mainly causes liver damage by changing the common enzymes of drug metabolism, especially the expression of genes related to CYPs, GSTs family, oxidative stress, and complement immunity, while the TCM prescription NHJD has a regulatory effect on the abnormal expression of corresponding genes. Our results will provide some clues for the detoxification mechanism of arsenic-containing TCM prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Dongqing Yang
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ziwei Song
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | | | - Jianguo Dai
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ju Dong
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Hu T, Chen R, Qian Y, Ye K, Long X, Park KY, Zhao X. Antioxidant effect of Lactobacillus fermentum HFY02-fermented soy milk on D-galactose-induced aging mouse model. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Zhang S, Li C, Feng T, Cao S, Zhou H, Li L, Hu Q, Mao X, Ji S. Proteomics analysis in the kidney of mice following oral feeding Realgar. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 275:114118. [PMID: 33878415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Realgar, a famous traditional Chinese mineral medicine, has been toxic to the renal system. However, the underlying mechanism of Realgar nephrotoxicity is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of Realgar-induced nephrotoxicity by using a label-free quantitative proteomic method. MATERIALS AND METHODS 36 mice were randomly divided into four groups: Control group, 0.5-, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg Realgar group. After one week, serum biochemical parameters and renal histopathological examination were performed. Label-free quantitative proteomics was used to identify differentially expressed proteins which were subsequently analyzed with bioinformatics methods. Western blot was utilized to verify the six representative protein expressions. RESULTS The results showed that 2.0 g/kg Realgar significantly increased blood urea nitrogen and induced the formation of tube cast of renal tubules, while the lower-dose of 0.5 g/kg and 1.0 g/kg Realgar showed no changes. Label-free proteomic analysis identified 3138 proteins, and 272 of those proteins were screened for significant changes in a dose-dependent manner. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that these proteins could affect the apoptotic process and oxidative stress. Representative proteins in the 2.0 g/kg Realgar group, including Cat, Bad, Cycs, Nqo1, Podxl, and Hmox1, were verified by western blot. CONCLUSIONS The results in this study suggest that apoptosis and oxidative stress might be related to the Realgar-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. Moreover, the strategy of proteomics could contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of nephrotoxicity in mice exposed to Realgar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300139, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Chao Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shuai Cao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Liming Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qing Hu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiuhong Mao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shen Ji
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300139, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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A Systematic Review of the Various Effect of Arsenic on Glutathione Synthesis In Vitro and In Vivo. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9414196. [PMID: 32802886 PMCID: PMC7411465 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9414196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Arsenic is a toxic metalloid widely present in nature, and arsenic poisoning in drinking water is a serious global public problem. Glutathione is an important reducing agent that inhibits arsenic-induced oxidative stress and participates in arsenic methylation metabolism. Therefore, glutathione plays an important role in regulating arsenic toxicity. In recent years, a large number of studies have shown that arsenic can regulate glutathione synthesis in many ways, but there are many contradictions in the research results. At present, the mechanism of the effect of arsenic on glutathione synthesis has not been elucidated. Objective We will conduct a meta-analysis to illustrate the effects of arsenic on GSH synthesis precursors Glu, Cys, Gly, and rate-limiting enzyme γ-GCS in mammalian models, as well as the regulation of p38/Nrf2 of γ-GCS subunit GCLC, and further explore the molecular mechanism of arsenic affecting glutathione synthesis. Results This meta-analysis included 30 studies in vivo and 58 studies in vitro, among which in vivo studies showed that arsenic exposure could reduce the contents of GSH (SMD = -2.86, 95% CI (-4.45, -1.27)), Glu (SMD = -1.11, 95% CI (-2.20,-0.02)), and Cys (SMD = -1.48, 95% CI (-2.63, -0.33)), with no statistically significant difference in p38/Nrf2, GCLC, and GCLM. In vitro studies showed that arsenic exposure increased intracellular GSH content (SMD = 1.87, 95% CI (0.18, 3.56)) and promoted the expression of p-p38 (SMD = 4.19, 95% CI (2.34, 6.05)), Nrf2 (SMD = 4.60, 95% CI (2.34, 6.86)), and GCLC (SMD = 1.32, 95% CI (0.23, 2.41)); the p38 inhibitor inhibited the expression of Nrf2 (SMD = -1.27, 95% CI (-2.46, -0.09)) and GCLC (SMD = -5.37, 95% CI (-5.37, -2.20)); siNrf2 inhibited the expression of GCLC, and BSO inhibited the synthesis of GSH. There is a dose-dependent relationship between the effects of exposure on GSH in vitro. Conclusions. These indicate the difference between in vivo and in vitro studies of the effect of arsenic on glutathione synthesis. In vivo studies have shown that arsenic exposure can reduce glutamate and cysteine levels and inhibit glutathione synthesis, while in vitro studies have shown that chronic low-dose arsenic exposure can activate the p38/Nrf2 pathway, upregulate GCLC expression, and promote glutathione synthesis.
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Zhang W, Huo T, Li A, Wu X, Feng C, Liu J, Jiang H. Identification of neurotoxicity markers induced by realgar exposure in the mouse cerebral cortex using lipidomics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 389:121567. [PMID: 32061421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Realgar is a traditional Chinese medicine containing arsenic and has neurotoxicity. This study used realgar exposure mice model, neurobehavioral tests, analytical chemistry, molecular biology and nontargeted lipidomics to explore the mechanism of realgar damages the nervous system. The arsenic contained in realgar passed through the BBB and accumulated in the brain. Neurons, synapses and myelin showed abnormal changes in the cerebral cortex. The number of autophagosomes were incresed as well as levels of MDA, Lp-PLA2, and cPLA2 but the CAT level was significant reduced. Finally, the cognition and memory of mice were decreased. Nontargeted lipidomics detected 34 lipid subclasses including 1603 lipid molecules. The levels of the LPC and LPE were significantly increased. Under the condition of variable importance for the projection (VIP)>1 and P < 0.05, only 28 lipid molecules satisfied the criteria. The lipid molecular markers SM (d36:2), PE (18:2/22:6) and PE (36:3) which were filtered by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC>0.8 or AUC<0.2) were used to identify the neurotoxicity induced by realgar. Therefore, realgar induces neurotoxicity through exacerbating oxidative damage and lipid dysfunction. Providing research basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of realgar-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Taoguang Huo
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihong Li
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Feng
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieyu Liu
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China.
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Jiang T, Cheng H, Su J, Wang X, Wang Q, Chu J, Li Q. Gastrodin protects against glutamate-induced ferroptosis in HT-22 cells through Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 62:104715. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Zhao X, Yi R, Zhou X, Mu J, Long X, Pan Y, Song JL, Park KY. Preventive effect of Lactobacillus plantarum KSFY02 isolated from naturally fermented yogurt from Xinjiang, China, on d-galactose–induced oxidative aging in mice. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:5899-5912. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-16033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Lactobacillus plantarum CQPC11 Isolated from Sichuan Pickled Cabbages Antagonizes d-galactose-Induced Oxidation and Aging in Mice. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23113026. [PMID: 30463304 PMCID: PMC6278364 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23113026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese pickled cabbage is a traditional fermented food that contains abundant microbes produced during the process of fermentation. In this work, an in vivo animal study was conducted to investigate the effects of a newly isolated lactic acid bacterium (Lactobacillus plantarum CQPC11, LP-CQPC11) on d-galactose-induced oxidation and aging in mice. Analysis of the serum and tissue samples of these mice using molecular biology approaches showed that LP-CQPC11 suppressed the decrease in thymus, brain, heart, liver, spleen, and kidney indices caused by oxidation and aging. Furthermore, LP-CQPC11 increased the levels of SOD (superoxide dismutase), GSH-Px (glutathione peroxidase), and GSH (glutathione), whereas it reduced the levels of NO (nitric oxide) and MDA (malondialdehyde) in the serum, liver, and spleen of oxidation and aging mouse models. Pathological observation indicated that LP-CQPC11 alleviated the damage caused by oxidation and aging on the liver and spleen of mice. qPCR analysis indicated that LP-CQPC11 effectively upregulated the expression of nNOS (neuronal nitric oxide synthase), eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase), Cu/Zn-SOD (cuprozinc-superoxide dismutase), Mn-SOD (manganese superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1), Nrf2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2), γ-GCS (γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase), and NQO1 (NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1), but downregulated the expression of iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) in the mouse liver and spleen. Western blot analysis showed that LP-CQPC11 effectively upregulated SOD1 (Cu/Zn-SOD), SOD2 (Mn-SOD), CAT, GSH1 (c-glutamylcysteine synthetase), and GSH2 (glutathione synthetase) protein expression in mouse liver and spleen tissues. These findings suggest that LP-CQPC11 can effectively prevent d-galactose-induced oxidation and aging in mice, and the effect is even better than that of the commonly used Lactobacillus delbruechii subsp. bulgaricus (LDSB) and vitamin C in the industry. Thus, LP-CQPC11 may be potentially employed as a probiotic strain.
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Hepatorenal protective effects of medicinal herbs in An-Gong-Niu-Huang Wan (AGNH) against cinnabar- and realgar-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory damage in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 119:445-456. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Banerjee M, Kaur G, Whitlock BD, Carew MW, Le XC, Leslie EM. Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1)-Mediated Cellular Protection and Transport of Methylated Arsenic Metabolites Differs between Human Cell Lines. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:1096-1105. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.079640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Zhao X, Song JL, Yi R, Li G, Sun P, Park KY, Suo H. Comparison of Antioxidative Effects of Insect Tea and Its Raw Tea (Kuding Tea) Polyphenols in Kunming Mice. Molecules 2018; 23:E204. [PMID: 29351230 PMCID: PMC6017035 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kudingcha is a traditional Chinese tea, and insect tea is a special drink produced by the metabolism of insect larvae using the raw Kuding tea. Insect tea polyphenols (ITP) and its raw tea (Kuding tea) polyphenols (KTP) are high-purity polyphenols extracted by centrifuge precipitation. The present study was designed to compare the antioxidative effects of insect tea polyphenols (ITP) and its raw tea (Kuding tea) polyphenols (KTP) on d-galactose-induced oxidation in Kunming (KM) mice. KM mice were treated with ITP (200 mg/kg) and KTP (200 mg/kg) by gavage, and vitamin C (VC, 200 mg/kg) was also used as a positive control by gavage. After determination in serum, liver and spleen, ITP-treated mice showed higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione (GSH) activities and lower nitric oxide (NO), malonaldehyde (MDA) activities than VC-treated mice, KTP-treated mice and untreated oxidation mice (control group). By H&E section observation, the mice induced by d-galactose-induced oxidation showed more changes than normal mice, and oxidative damage appeared in liver and spleen tissues; ITP, VC and KTP improved oxidative damage of liver and spleen tissues, and the effects of ITP were better than VC and KTP. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot experiments, it was observed that ITP could increase the mRNA and protein expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), cupro/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), catalase (CAT), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), gamma glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS), and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and reduce inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in liver and spleen tissues compared to the control group. These effects were stronger than for VC and KTP. Both ITP and KTP had good antioxidative effects, and after the transformation of insects, the effects of ITP were better than that of KTP and even better than VC. Thus, ITP can be used as an antioxidant and anti-ageing functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Jia-Le Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China.
| | - Ruokun Yi
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Guijie Li
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Peng Sun
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Kun-Young Park
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Cha University, Seongnam 13488, Gyeongghi-do, Korea.
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Chen P, Xu R, Yan L, Wu Z, Wei Y, Zhao W, Wang X, Xie Q, Li H. Properties of realgar bioleaching using an extremely acidophilic bacterium and its antitumor mechanism as an anticancer agent. Biol Res 2017; 50:17. [PMID: 28532516 PMCID: PMC5441017 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-017-0122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Realgar is a naturally occurring arsenic sulfide (or Xionghuang, in Chinese). It contains over 90% tetra-arsenic tetra-sulfide (As4S4). Currently, realgar has been confirmed the antitumor activities, both in vitro and in vivo, of realgar extracted using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A. ferrooxidans). Bioleaching, a new technology to greatly improve the use rate of arsenic extraction from realgar using bacteria, is a novel methodology that addressed a limitation of the traditional method for realgar preparation. The present systematic review reports on the research progress in realgar bioleaching and its antitumor mechanism as an anticancer agent. A total of 93 research articles that report on the biological activity of extracts from realgar using bacteria and its preparation were presented in this review. The realgar bioleaching solution (RBS) works by inducing apoptosis when it is used to treat tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. When it is used to treat animal model organisms in vivo, such as mice and Caenorhabditis elegans, tumor tissues grew more slowly, with mass necrosis. Meanwhile, the agent also showed obvious inhibition of tumor cell growth. Bioleaching technology greatly improves the utilization of realgar and is a novel methodology to improve the traditional method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730020 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruixiang Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730020 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Yan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengrong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730020 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wei
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Road No. 222, Lanzhou, 730000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730020 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730020 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinjian Xie
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Road No. 222, Lanzhou, 730000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730020 People’s Republic of China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Road No. 222, Lanzhou, 730000 People’s Republic of China
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