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Mateos-Pujante A, Jiménez MC, Andreu I. Assessment of the PARP inhibitor talazoparib photosafety profile. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115593. [PMID: 37793275 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Talazoparib (TLZ) is a poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase inhibitor employed for the treatment of breast cancer. This drug displays an absorption band in the UVA region, and therefore investigation of the possible phototoxic side-effects associated to its administration results of enormous relevance. In this context, we describe here a photochemical and photobiological study to ascertain the photosafety profile of TLZ. Concerning transient species, the singlet and triplet excited states of TLZ were detected by fluorescence (λmax em = 440 nm) and laser flash photolysis experiments (λmax abs = 400 nm), respectively. Remarkably, TLZ irradiation with UVA light in aqueous solution resulted in formation of a stable photooxidated product, TLZ-P, whose absorption band is extended until the visible region. From in vitro experiments, phototoxicity was revealed for the parent drug by neutral red uptake (NRU) assays, with a PIF value of ca 7; besides, TLZ induced formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and produced significant damage to both proteins and DNA. By contrast, the singlet and triplet excited states of TLZ-P were not detected, and no photodamage was observed in the NRU experiments. Overall, the results indicate that TLZ induces phototoxicity, whereas its photoproduct exhibits photosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Mateos-Pujante
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación Universitat Politècnica de València -Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - M Consuelo Jiménez
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación Universitat Politècnica de València -Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Andreu
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación Universitat Politècnica de València -Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
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Determination of chlorpromazine and its metabolites in animal-derived foods using QuEChERS-based extraction, EMR-Lipid cleanup, and UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS analysis. Food Chem 2023; 403:134298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Garcia-Lainez G, El Ouardi M, Moreno A, Lence E, González-Bello C, Miranda MA, Andreu I. Singlet oxygen and radical-mediated mechanisms in the oxidative cellular damage photosensitized by the protease inhibitor simeprevir. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 194:42-51. [PMID: 36375737 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C, a liver inflammation caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV), is treated with antiviral drugs. In this context, simeprevir (SIM) is an NS3/4A protease inhibitor used in HCV genotypes 1 and 4. It is orally administered and achieves high virological cure rates. Among adverse reactions associated with SIM treatment, photosensitivity reactions have been reported. In the present work, it is clearly shown that SIM is markedly phototoxic, according to the in vitro NRU assay using BALB/c 3T3 mouse fibroblast. This result sheds light on the nature of the photosensitivity reactions induced by SIM in HCV patients, suggesting that porphyrin elevation in patients treated with SIM may not be the only mechanism responsible for SIM-associated photosensitivity. Moreover, lipid photoperoxidation and protein photooxidation assays, using human skin fibroblasts (FSK) and human serum albumin (HSA), respectively, reveal the capability of this drug to promote photodamage to cellular membranes. Also, DNA photo lesions induced by SIM are noticed through comet assay in FSK cells. Photochemical and photobiological studies on the mechanism of SIM-mediated photodamage to biomolecules indicate that the key transient species generated upon SIM irradiation is the triplet excited state. This species is efficiently quenched by oxygen giving rise to singlet oxygen, which is responsible for the oxidation of lipids and DNA (Type II mechanism). In the presence of HSA, the photobehavior is dominated by binding to site 3 of the protein, to give a stable SIM@HSA complex. Inside the complex, quenching of the triplet excited state is less efficient, which results in a longer triplet lifetime and in a decreased singlet oxygen formation. Hence, SIM-mediated photooxidation of the protein is better explained through a radical (Type I) mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Garcia-Lainez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Meryem El Ouardi
- Departamento de Química-Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC. Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación UPV- IIS La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Moreno
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Emilio Lence
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Concepción González-Bello
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel A Miranda
- Departamento de Química-Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC. Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación UPV- IIS La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Andreu
- Departamento de Química-Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC. Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación UPV- IIS La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
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Mateos-Pujante A, Jiménez MC, Andreu I. Evaluation of phototoxicity induced by the anticancer drug rucaparib. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3434. [PMID: 35236893 PMCID: PMC8891269 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07319-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rucaparib (RCP) is a potent selective inhibitor of both PARP-1 and PARP-2 enzymes that induces synthetic lethality in cancer cells. It is used for the treatment of breast and ovarian tumors harboring deleterious germline or somatic cancer susceptibility genes mutations. Although RCP has an indole chromophore in its structure, it displays a bathochromic shift of the absorption band towards the UVA region of sunlight, thus extending the active fraction of solar light able to produce photosensitivity reactions. In this context, it is highly interesting to study the photo(geno)toxicity disorders associated with this drug, bearing in mind that, for dermatologists it is crucial to understand the toxicity mechanism to improve clinical management. In the present work, RCP has shown to be potentially phototoxic, as observed in the neutral red uptake phototoxicity test. Moreover, this significant phototoxicity is attributed to both proteins and genomic DNA, as revealed in the protein photooxidation and comet assays. The results obtained are highly relevant concerning RCP photosafety and become clinically important in the context of identification of the cutaneous adverse events that can be associated with the targeted therapies. Interestingly, this is the first example of a PARP inhibitor able to induce photosensitized damage to biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Mateos-Pujante
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.,Unidad Mixta de Investigación Universitat Politècnica de València-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS), La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Consuelo Jiménez
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain. .,Unidad Mixta de Investigación Universitat Politècnica de València-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS), La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Andreu
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain. .,Unidad Mixta de Investigación Universitat Politècnica de València-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS), La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
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Tamarit L, El Ouardi M, Andreu I, Vayá I, Miranda MA. Photoprocesses of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib: from femtoseconds to microseconds and from solution to cells. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12027-12035. [PMID: 34667568 PMCID: PMC8457384 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03154f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gefitinib (GFT) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor currently used for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Although it has been suggested that GFT can be phototoxic, there are no systematic studies on this issue. Here, the photosensitizing potential of GFT has been assessed by means of NRU assays and protein photooxidation. In addition, a thorough photophysical study is presented based on ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence and laser flash photolysis. Transient species generated after excitation of GFT have been characterized in solution and in biological environments (i.e. HSA and HaCaT cells) to gain insight into the mechanisms involved in photodamage. The photobehavior of GFT was strongly medium-dependent. Excitation of the drug resulted in the formation of locally excited (LE) singlet states (1GFT*), which were found to be the main emissive species in non-polar solvents and also within HSA and HaCaT cells. By contrast, in polar solvents, LE states rapidly evolved (∼1 ps) towards the formation of longer-lived intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) states. The triplet excited state of GFT (3GFT*) can be formed through intersystem crossing from 1GFT* in non-polar solvents and from ICT states in the polar ones, or in the particular case of ethanol, by photosensitization using 2-methoxyacetophenone as an energy donor. In the HSA environment, 3GFT* was hardly detected due to quenching of its LE 1GFT* precursor by Trp through an electron transfer process. Accordingly, HSA photooxidation by GFT was demonstrated using the protein carbonylation method. In summary, a good correlation is established between the photophysical behavior and the photobiological properties of GFT, which provides a mechanistic basis for the observed phototoxicity. Excitation of gefitinib leads to the formation of locally excited (LE) and/or charge transfer (ICT) states in the ps scale. In solution, both can evolve to the excited triplet state. In proteins, quenching of LE by electron donors leads to oxidation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Tamarit
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València Camino de Vera s/n 46022 València Spain .,Unidad Mixta de Investigación, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106 46026 València Spain
| | - Meryem El Ouardi
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València Camino de Vera s/n 46022 València Spain .,Unidad Mixta de Investigación, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106 46026 València Spain
| | - Inmaculada Andreu
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València Camino de Vera s/n 46022 València Spain .,Unidad Mixta de Investigación, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106 46026 València Spain
| | - Ignacio Vayá
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València Camino de Vera s/n 46022 València Spain .,Unidad Mixta de Investigación, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106 46026 València Spain
| | - Miguel A Miranda
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València Camino de Vera s/n 46022 València Spain .,Unidad Mixta de Investigación, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106 46026 València Spain
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Phototoxic and Photoallergic Contact Reactions. Contact Dermatitis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36335-2_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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In vitro assessment of the photo(geno)toxicity associated with Lapatinib, a Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor. Arch Toxicol 2020; 95:169-178. [PMID: 32815004 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02880-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptors EGFR and HER2 are the main targets for tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The quinazoline derivative lapatinib (LAP) is used since 2007 as dual TKI in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer and currently, it is used as an oral anticancer drug for the treatment of solid tumors such as breast and lung cancer. Although hepatotoxicity is its main side effect, it makes sense to investigate the ability of LAP to induce photosensitivity reactions bearing in mind that BRAF (serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf) inhibitors display a considerable phototoxic potential and that afloqualone, a quinazoline-marketed drug, causes photodermatosis. Metabolic bioactivation of LAP by CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 leads to chemically reactive N-dealkylated (N-LAP) and O-dealkylated (O-LAP) derivatives. In this context, the aim of the present work is to explore whether LAP and its N- and O-dealkylated metabolites can induce photosensitivity disorders by evaluating their photo(geno)toxicity through in vitro studies, including cell viability as well as photosensitized protein and DNA damage. As a matter of fact, our work has demonstrated that not only LAP, but also its metabolite N-LAP have a clear photosensitizing potential. They are both phototoxic and photogenotoxic to cells, as revealed by the 3T3 NRU assay and the comet assay, respectively. By contrast, the O-LAP does not display relevant photobiological properties. Remarkably, the parent drug LAP shows the highest activity in membrane phototoxicity and protein oxidation, whereas N-LAP is associated with the highest photogenotoxicity, through oxidation of purine bases, as revealed by detection of 8-Oxo-dG.
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Photomutagenicity of chlorpromazine and its N-demethylated metabolites assessed by NGS. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6879. [PMID: 32327675 PMCID: PMC7181754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63651-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The human genome is constantly attacked by endogenous and exogenous agents (ultraviolet light, xenobiotics, reactive oxygen species), which can induce chemical transformations leading to DNA lesions. To combat DNA damage, cells have developed several repair mechanisms; however, if the repair is defective, DNA lesions lead to permanent mutations. Single-cell gel electrophoresis (COMET assay) is a sensitive and well-established technique for quantifying DNA damage in individual cells. Nevertheless, this tool lacks relationship with mutagenesis. Therefore, to identify errors that give rise to mutations it would be convenient to test an alternative known procedure, such as next generation sequencing (NGS). Thus, the present work aims to evaluate the photomutagenicity of neuroleptic drug chlorpromazine (CPZ), and its N-demethylated metabolites using COMET assay and to test NGS as an alternative method to assess photomutagenesis. In this context, upon exposure to UVA radiation, COMET assay reveals CPZ-photosensitized DNA damage partially repaired by cells. Conversely with this result, metabolites demethylchlorpromazine (DMCPZ) and didemethylchlorpromazine (DDMCPZ) promote extensive DNA-photodamage, hardly repaired under the same conditions. Parallel assessment of mutagenesis by NGS is consistent with these results with minor discrepancies for DDMCPZ. To our knowledge, this is the first example demonstrating the utility of NGS for evaluating drug-induced photomutagenicity.
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Limones-Herrero D, Palumbo F, Vendrell-Criado V, Andreu I, Lence E, González-Bello C, Miranda MA, Jiménez MC. Investigation of metabolite-protein interactions by transient absorption spectroscopy and in silico methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 226:117652. [PMID: 31654902 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Transient absorption spectroscopy in combination with in silico methods has been employed to study the interactions between human serum albumin (HSA) and the anti-psychotic agent chlorpromazine (CPZ) as well as its two demethylated metabolites (MCPZ and DCPZ). Thus, solutions containing CPZ, MCPZ or DCPZ and HSA (molar ligand:protein ratios between 1:0 and 1:3) were submitted to laser flash photolysis and the ΔAmax value at λ = 470 nm, corresponding to the triplet excited state, was monitored. In all cases, the protein-bound ligand exhibited higher ΔAmax values measured after the laser pulse and were also considerably longer-lived than the non-complexed forms. This is in agreement with an enhanced hydrophilicity of the metabolites, due to the replacement of methyl groups with H that led to a lower extent of protein binding. For the three compounds, laser flash photolysis displacement experiments using warfarin or ibuprofen indicated Sudlow site I as the main binding site. Docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies revealed that the binding mode of the two demethylated ligands with HSA would be remarkable different from CPZ, specially for DCPZ, which appears to come from the different ability of their terminal ammonium groups to stablish hydrogen bonding interactions with the negatively charged residues within the protein pocket (Glu153, Glu292) as well as to allocate the methyl groups in an apolar environment. DCPZ would be rotated 180° in relation to CPZ locating the aromatic ring away from the Sudlow site I of HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Limones-Herrero
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Palumbo
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Victoria Vendrell-Criado
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Andreu
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación UPV-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Emilio Lence
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Concepción González-Bello
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel A Miranda
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación UPV-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Consuelo Jiménez
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación UPV-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
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Evaluation of molecularly imprinted polymers for chlorpromazine and bromopromazine prepared by multi-step swelling and polymerization method—The application for the determination of chlorpromazine and its metabolites in rat plasma by column-switching LC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 174:248-255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Anaya-Gonzalez C, Soldevila S, Garcia-Lainez G, Bosca F, Andreu I. Chemical tuning for potential antitumor fluoroquinolones. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 141:150-158. [PMID: 31195085 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phototoxic effects of 6,8 dihalogenated quinolones confers to this type of molecules a potential property as photochemotherapeutic agents. Two photodehalogenation processes seem to be involved in the remarkable photoinduced cellular damage. In this context, a new 6,8 dihalogenated quinolone 1 (1-methyl-6,8-difluoro-4-oxo-7-aminodimethyl-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid) was synthetized looking for improving the phototoxic properties of fluoroquinolones (FQ) and to determine the role of the photodegradation pathways in the FQ phototoxicity. With this purpose, fluorescence emissions, laser flash photolysis experiments and photodegradation studies were performed with compound 1 using 1-ethyl-6,8-difluoro-4-oxo-7-aminodimethyl-1,4-dihidroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2) and lomefloxacin (LFX) as reference compounds. The shortening of alkyl chain of the N(1) of the quinolone ring revealed a lifetime increase of the reactive aryl cation generated from photolysis of the three FQ and a significant reduction of the FQ photodegradation quantum yield. The fact that these differences were smaller when the same study was done using a hydrogen donor solvent (ethanol-aqueous buffer, 50/50 v/v) evidenced the highest ability of the reactive intermediate arising from 1 to produce intermolecular alkylations. These results were correlated with in vitro 3T3 NRU phototoxicity test. Thus, when Photo-Irritation-Factor (PIF) was determined for 1, 2 and LFX using cytotoxicity profiles of BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts treated with each compound in the presence and absence of UVA light, a PIF more higher than 30 was obtained for 1 while the values for 2 and LFX were only higher than 8 and 10, respectively. Thereby, the present study illustrates an approach to modulate the photosensitizing properties of FQ with the purpose to improve the chemotherapeutic properties of antitumor quinolones. Moreover, the results obtained in this study also evidence that the key pathway responsible for the phototoxic properties associated with dihalogenated quinolones is the aryl cation generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Anaya-Gonzalez
- Instituto Mixto de Tecnología Química. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (CSIC/UPV) Avd. Los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sonia Soldevila
- Instituto Mixto de Tecnología Química. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (CSIC/UPV) Avd. Los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Garcia-Lainez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Bosca
- Instituto Mixto de Tecnología Química. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (CSIC/UPV) Avd. Los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Andreu
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación UPV-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
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Dubón A, Morera I, García‐Lainez G, Sahuquillo A, Rodríguez M, Miranda MA, Andreu I. Photosafety of the antidiabetic drug sitagliptin. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2019; 35:375-377. [DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Dubón
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Valencia Spain
| | - Isabel Morera
- Departamento de Química Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV‐CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València Valencia Spain
| | - Guillermo García‐Lainez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Valencia Spain
| | - Antonio Sahuquillo
- Dermatology Department Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Valencia Spain
| | - Mercedes Rodríguez
- Dermatology Department Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Valencia Spain
| | - Miguel A. Miranda
- Departamento de Química Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV‐CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València Valencia Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación UPV‐Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS), Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Valencia Spain
| | - Inmaculada Andreu
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Valencia Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación UPV‐Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS), Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Valencia Spain
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14
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Gonçalo M. Phototoxic and Photoallergic Reactions. Contact Dermatitis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_18-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Garcia-Lainez G, Martínez-Reig AM, Limones-Herrero D, Consuelo Jiménez M, Miranda MA, Andreu I. Photo(geno)toxicity changes associated with hydroxylation of the aromatic chromophores during diclofenac metabolism. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 341:51-55. [PMID: 29325823 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF) can cause adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal, renal and cardiovascular disorders; therefore, topical administration may be an attractive alternative to the management of local pain in order to avoid these side effects. However, previous studies have shown that DCF, in combination with sunlight, displays capability to induce photosensitivity disorders. In humans, DCF is biotransformed into hydroxylated metabolites at positions 4' and 5 (4'OH-DCF and 5OH-DCF), and this chemical change produces non negligible alterations of the drug chromophore, resulting in a significant modification of its light-absorbing properties. In the present work, 5OH-DCF exhibited higher photo(geno)toxic potential than the parent drug, as shown by several in vitro assays (3T3 NRU phototoxicity, DNA ssb gel electrophoresis and COMET), whereas 4'OH-DCF did not display significant photo(geno)toxicity. This could be associated, at least partially with their more efficient UV-light absorption by 5OH-DCF metabolite and with a higher photoreactivity. Interestingly, most of the cellular DNA damage photosensitized by DCF and 5OH-DCF was repaired by the cells after several hours, although this effect was not complete in the case of 5OH-DCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Garcia-Lainez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana M Martínez-Reig
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Daniel Limones-Herrero
- Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - M Consuelo Jiménez
- Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel A Miranda
- Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Andreu
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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16
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Molins-Molina O, Bresolí-Obach R, Garcia-Lainez G, Andreu I, Nonell S, Miranda MA, Jiménez MC. Singlet oxygen production and in vitro
phototoxicity studies on fenofibrate, mycophenolate mofetil, trifusal, and their active metabolites. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Molins-Molina
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC; Universitat Politècnica de València; Valencia Spain
| | | | - Guillermo Garcia-Lainez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe; Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe; Valencia Spain
| | - Inmaculada Andreu
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe; Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe; Valencia Spain
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Químic de Sarrià; Universitat Ramon Llull; Barcelona Spain
| | - Miguel A. Miranda
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC; Universitat Politècnica de València; Valencia Spain
| | - M. Consuelo Jiménez
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC; Universitat Politècnica de València; Valencia Spain
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