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He C, Wang W, Wei G, Wang Y, Wei Y, Wang J, Zhang Z. Sodium alginate combined with oxymatrine ameliorates CCl 4-induced chemical hepatic fibrosis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111144. [PMID: 37922569 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis (HF) is a challenging clinical problem. Both sodium alginate (SA) and oxymatrine (OM) can be used to treat HF; however, the influence of viscosity on the therapeutic efficacy of sodium alginate is currently unknown. This study used a CCl4-induced HF mouse model to screen the specifications and doses of SA and investigate its therapeutic effects on HF in combination with OM. Sodium alginate of different viscosities ameliorated HF in mice, with 232 mPa·s SA delivered at a dose of 100 mg/kg showing remarkable therapeutic effect, characterized by reduced aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase levels, reduced expression of α-SMA, collagen I, and other related genes, and increased abundance of beneficial intestinal probiotics such as Lactococcus and Blautia. The combination treatment further improved other related indices and increased the abundance of Phascolarctobacterium and Oscillospiraceae. These results suggest that the oral administration of SA may improve HF via the "gut-liver axis" based on the gut microbiota and has potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, China
| | - Guoli Wei
- Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211200, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, China
| | - Yingjie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, China.
| | - Zhenhai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, China.
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Characteristics of the intestinal bacterial microbiota profiles in Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum LI09 pre-treated rats with D-galactosamine-induced liver injury. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:43. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03495-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Barsky D, Ben Ya’acov A, Avraham LW, Nachman D, Eisenkraft A, Mintz Y, Shteyer E. A feasibility study using sodium alginate injection for penetrating abdominal trauma in a swine model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17132. [PMID: 36224357 PMCID: PMC9556518 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22186-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Penetrating abdominal injury is a major cause of death in trauma. Sodium alginate hydrogel, a hemostatic agent, offers a platform for targeting both mechanical and biological injuries. The current study assessed the effect of Very Low Viscosity (high) G (VLVG) alginate following abdominal trauma in a swine model of penetrating abdominal injury. Seven anesthetized pigs were instrumented with invasive monitoring catheters and abdominal trauma was introduced by laparoscopic hepatectomy. Ten minutes after the induction of hypovolemic shock, three animals were intra-abdominally administered with VLVG alginate (study group) and four animals with saline (control group). During 8 h of continuous monitoring, various hemodynamic and biochemical variables were measured and liver biopsies for histological evaluation were taken. Hemodynamically, VLVG alginate-treated animals were more stable than controls, as reflected by their lower heart rate and higher blood pressure (p < 0.05 for both). They also had lower levels of liver enzymes and lactate, and less histopathological damage. We show that VLVG alginate might be a promising new agent for reducing penetrating intra-abdominal injury, with hemostatic and biocompatibility efficiency, and tissue preserving properties. Future effort of integrating it with a dispersal device may turn it into a valuable pre-hospital emergency tool to improve survival of trauma casualties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Barsky
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem, P.O. Box 12271, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ami Ben Ya’acov
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Juliet Keidan Pediatric Gastroenterology Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Shmuel Bait St 12, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Linn Wagnert Avraham
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Institute for Research in Military Medicine, the Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Ein Kerem, P.O. Box 12271, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dean Nachman
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Institute for Research in Military Medicine, the Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Ein Kerem, P.O. Box 12271, Jerusalem, Israel ,grid.17788.310000 0001 2221 2926Department of Internal Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Ein Kerem, P.O. Box 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Arik Eisenkraft
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Institute for Research in Military Medicine, the Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Ein Kerem, P.O. Box 12271, Jerusalem, Israel ,Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Research in Military Medicine, POB 12272, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yoav Mintz
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem, P.O. Box 12271, Jerusalem, Israel ,grid.17788.310000 0001 2221 2926Department of General Surgery, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, P.O. Box 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eyal Shteyer
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Juliet Keidan Pediatric Gastroenterology Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Shmuel Bait St 12, Jerusalem, Israel
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Teng H, Zhou L, Wang C, Yuan Z, Cao Q, Wu X, Li M. Novel carvedilol-loaded pro-phytomicelles: formulation, characterization and enhanced protective efficacy against acetaminophen-inducedliverinjury in mice. Int J Pharm 2022; 625:122127. [PMID: 35995319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The work describes a novel, small-molecule phytochemicals as nanomaterials based pro-micelles (pro-phytomicelles) drug delivery system, for oral delivery of carvedilol (CAR). This novel nanoformulation of CAR, named CAR pro-phytomicelles, was prepared with rebaudioside A (RA) and dipotassium glycyrrhizinate (DG) as mixed nanomaterials. The formulation was optimized, leading to a 502-fold increase in solubility of CAR in water as a result of encapsulation within mixed phytomicelles based on DG and RA. CAR pro-phytomicelles samples could be instantly dissolved into aqueous media to formulate clear phytomicelle solutions with CAR encapsulation efficiency of 99.67 ± 0.02 %, and small micelle size of 15.62 ± 0.27 nm. CAR pro-phytomicelles exhibited good storage stability, rapid in vitro release in simulated intestinal fluid, and improved in vitro antioxidant activity. CAR pro-phytomicelles had good biocompatibility. Protective efficacy evaluation revealed that acetaminophen overdose could induce high mortality and severe liver injury in mice, while CAR pro-phytomicelle treatment exhibited significant protective effect against acetaminophen overdose. This protective efficacy was due to a mechanism that involved the regulation of high-mobility group box 1 and its signaling-related proinflammatory cytokines. These results show that pro-phytomicelles could provide a new concept and promising therapeutics as nanomedicines for improving the activities of CAR against acetaminophen-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhang Teng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao 266034, China
| | - Liping Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhixin Yuan
- Qingdao Haier Biotech Co. Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - Qilong Cao
- Qingdao Haier Biotech Co. Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianggen Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Mengshuang Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao 266034, China.
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Wang K, Yang L, Zhou J, Pan X, He Z, Liu J, Zhang Y. Smilax china L. Polysaccharide Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Protects From Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity via Activating the Nrf2-ARE Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:888560. [PMID: 35571121 PMCID: PMC9098950 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.888560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The alleviation of oxidative stress is considered an effective treatment for acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury (AILI). However, it remains unknow whether the potential antioxidant Smilax china L. polysaccharide (SCLP) protects against AILI. In this study, in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to verify the hepatoprotective effect of SCLP against AILI and explore the potential mechanism. We found that SCLP relieved liver histopathological changes; reversed the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS); reversed the change in liver myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity; and enhanced liver antioxidant (GSH, GSH-Px, and t-SOD) levels in APAP-treated mice, thereby significantly reducing APAP-induced liver toxicity. SCLP rescued the cell viability and alleviated oxidative stress in H2O2-treated mouse AML12 (Alpha mouse liver 12) hepatocytes. The results of the mechanistic studies showed that SCLP upregulated nuclear factor E2 related factor (Nrf2) expression, promoted Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and enhanced the ability of Nrf2 to bind antioxidant response elements (AREs). Furthermore, SCLP activated Nrf2-ARE pathway, thus upregulating the expression of oxidative stress-related proteins heme oxygenase 1(HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1(NQO-1) and glutamic acid cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC). In conclusion, this study confirmed the close correlation between liver protection by SCLP upon exposure to APAP and activated of the Nrf2-ARE pathway. These findings suggest that SCLP is an attractive therapeutic candidate drug for the treatment of AILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiping Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianglin Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihao He
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
| | - Junxi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Zhang,
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Benić MS, Nežić L, Vujić-Aleksić V, Mititelu-Tartau L. Novel Therapies for the Treatment of Drug-Induced Liver Injury: A Systematic Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:785790. [PMID: 35185538 PMCID: PMC8847672 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.785790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many drugs with different mechanisms of action and indications available on the market today are capable of inducing hepatotoxicity. Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has been a treatment challenge nowadays as it was in the past. We searched Medline (via PubMed), CENTRAL, Science Citation Index Expanded, clinical trials registries and databases of DILI and hepatotoxicity up to 2021 for novel therapies for the management of adult patients with DILI based on the combination of three main search terms: 1) treatment, 2) novel, and 3) drug-induced liver injury. The mechanism of action of novel therapies, the potential of their benefit in clinical settings, and adverse drug reactions related to novel therapies were extracted. Cochrane Risk of bias tool and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) assessment approach was involved in the assessment of the certainty of the evidence for primary outcomes of included studies. One thousand three hundred seventy-two articles were identified. Twenty-eight articles were included in the final analysis. Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were detected and for six the available data were sufficient for analysis. In abstract form only we found six studies which were also anaylzed. Investigated agents included: bicyclol, calmangafodipir, cytisin amidophospate, fomepizole, livina-polyherbal preparation, magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG), picroliv, plasma exchange, radix Paeoniae Rubra, and S-adenosylmethionine. The primary outcomes of included trials mainly included laboratory markers improvement. Based on the moderate-certainty evidence, more patients treated with MgIG experienced alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization compared to placebo. Low-certainty evidence suggests that bicyclol treatment leads to a reduction of ALT levels compared to phosphatidylcholine. For the remaining eight interventions, the certainty of the evidence for primary outcomes was assessed as very low and we are very uncertain in any estimate of effect. More effort should be involved to investigate the novel treatment of DILI. Well-designed RCTs with appropriate sample sizes, comparable groups and precise, not only surrogate outcomes are urgently welcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Stanić Benić
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Lana Nežić
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Vesna Vujić-Aleksić
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- The Republic of Srpska Agency for Certification, Accreditation and Quality Improvement in Health Care, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Liao YC, Chang CC, Nagarajan D, Chen CY, Chang JS. Algae-derived hydrocolloids in foods: applications and health-related issues. Bioengineered 2021; 12:3787-3801. [PMID: 34281484 PMCID: PMC8806640 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1946359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrocolloids are a class of food additives with broad applications in the food industry to develop structure in food ingredients. Hydrocolloids can be synthetic, plant-based, or animal-based. Increasing consumer awareness has led to the use of natural food ingredients derived from natural sources, making algae-derived hydrocolloids more appealing nowadays. Algae-derived hydrocolloids such as carrageenan, agar, and alginate are widely used in the food industry as thickening, gelling, and emulsifying agents. Carrageenans are sulfated polysaccharides with diverse structural specificities. The safety of carrageenan use in the food industry has been widely debated recently due to the reported pro-inflammatory activities of carrageenan and the probable digestion of carrageenan by the gut microbiota to generate pro-inflammatory oligosaccharides. In contrast, both agar and alginate are primarily nontoxic, and generally no dispute regarding the use of the same in food ingredients. This review provides an overview of the algae industry, the food additives, the algae-derived hydrocolloids, the applications of algae-derived hydrocolloids in food industries, health-related studies, and other sectors, along with future perspectives. Even though differences of opinion exist in the use of carrageenan, it is continued to be used by the food industry and will be used until suitable alternatives are available. In summary, algal hydrocolloids are 'label-friendly' and considered a safe option against synthetic additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dillirani Nagarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Chen
- University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Circular Economy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Firozian F, Karami S, Ranjbar A, Azandaryani MT, Nili-Ahmadabadi A. Improvement of therapeutic potential N-acetylcysteine in acetaminophen hepatotoxicity by encapsulation in PEGylated nano-niosomes. Life Sci 2020; 255:117832. [PMID: 32450164 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is an effective antidote for the treatment of acetaminophen (APAP) poisoning; however, due to its low stability and bioavailability, repeated dosing of NAC is needed. This study investigated the therapeutic efficacy of NAC by niosomal carriers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Niosomes were synthesized using surface active agents film hydration method and their physicochemical properties were characterized. In the in vivo study, in addition to control group, male rats were divided in different groups and challenged with an oral dose of APAP (2000 mg/kg); 4 h later, rats were administered normal saline, empty niosome (NIO), NAC (25 mg/kg) and NAC-loaded niosome (NAC-NIO) respectively, and sacrificed 48 h post-APAP overdose. KEY FINDINGS The particle size and zeta potential of NAC-NIO were 242.3 ± 18.5 nm and -23.9 ± 1.6 mV. The loading and encapsulation efficiency of niosomes were 1.22% ± 0.02% and 26.76% ± 6.02%. APAP administration leads to hepatic damage as evidenced by increases in serum hepatic enzyme levels and tissue levels of nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation as well as decreases in hepatic levels of reduced glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. Treatment of rats with NIO-NAC was remarkably more effective than NAC in improving biochemical changes such as serum hepatic aminotransferases. These findings were correlated well to the histopathological experiments. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that NAC when delivered as a niosomal structure, is potentially more effective than NAC standard, in improving APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzin Firozian
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Safoura Karami
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University-Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Ranjbar
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Rifampicin activates AMPK and alleviates oxidative stress in the liver as mediated with Nrf2 signaling. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 315:108889. [PMID: 31678598 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Although rifampicin could have a hepatic toxic effect, it has also been shown that this chemical acts as a cellular protectant against oxidative stress. Therefore, we wondered whether rifampicin has a beneficial effect such as an anti-oxidant in the liver, because the efficacy of some drugs sometimes relates with their toxicity as well as protective effects. The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant effect of rifampicin against arachidonic acid (AA) plus iron (AA + iron) cotreatment and against acetaminophen (APAP, 500 mg/kg)-induced oxidative stress, in vitro and in vivo, respectively. In vivo, oral administration of rifampicin (100 or 200 mg/kg) attenuated elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), serum liver injury markers, against APAP treatment and, histologically, ameliorated tissue damage. Under in vitro examination, MTT assays were used to assess the cell death inhibitory effect of rifampicin against AA + iron-induced oxidative stress. In addition, DCFH-DA and Rh 123 staining showed that rifampicin treatment reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane damage, which had been induced by AA + iron treatment. Further, we explored whether rifampicin treatment enhanced phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by activation of liver kinase B1 (LKB1), the upstream kinase of AMPKα. Activated AMPKα induced activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which are proteins functioning in redox balance. Moreover, we confirmed a reversed cell protective effect of rifampicin under compound C (an AMPK inhibitor) treatment. Overall, our data demonstrate that rifampicin effectively protects the liver against cellular oxidative stress through AMPKα and Nrf2 pathway.
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