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Corrado A, De Martino M, Bordoni V, Giannini S, Rech F, Cianetti S, Berti F, Magagnoli C, De Ricco R. A universal UHPLC-CAD platform for the quantification of polysaccharide antigens. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10646. [PMID: 37391501 PMCID: PMC10313704 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37832-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Several glycoconjugate-based vaccines against bacterial infections have been developed and licensed for human use. Polysaccharide (PS) analysis and characterization is therefore critical to profile the composition of polysaccharide-based vaccines. For PS content quantification, the majority of Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) methods rely on the detection of selective monosaccharides constituting the PS repeating unit, therefore requiring chemical cleavage and tailored development: only a few methods directly quantify the intact PS. The introduction of charged aerosol detector (CAD) technology has improved the response of polysaccharide analytes, offering greater sensitivity than other detector sources (e.g., ELSD). Herein, we report the development of a universal UHPLC-CAD method (UniQS) for the quantification and quality evaluation of polysaccharide antigens (e.g., Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis and Staphylococcus aureus). This work laid the foundation for a universal UHPLC-CAD format that could play an important role in future vaccine research and development helping to reduce time, efforts, and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Corrado
- Technical R&D, GSK Via Fiorentina, 1, Siena, Italy
| | - M De Martino
- Technical R&D, GSK Via Fiorentina, 1, Siena, Italy
| | - V Bordoni
- Technical R&D, GSK Via Fiorentina, 1, Siena, Italy
| | - S Giannini
- Technical R&D, GSK Via Fiorentina, 1, Siena, Italy
| | - F Rech
- Technical R&D, GSK Via Fiorentina, 1, Siena, Italy
| | - S Cianetti
- Technical R&D, GSK Via Fiorentina, 1, Siena, Italy
| | - F Berti
- Technical R&D, GSK Via Fiorentina, 1, Siena, Italy
| | - C Magagnoli
- Technical R&D, GSK Via Fiorentina, 1, Siena, Italy
| | - R De Ricco
- Technical R&D, GSK Via Fiorentina, 1, Siena, Italy.
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2
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Henry GBL, Awedem Wobiwo F, Isenborghs A, Nicolay T, Godin B, Stenuit BA, Gerin PA. A specific H 2/CO 2 consumption molar ratio of 3 as a signature for the chain elongation of carboxylates from brewer's spent grain acidogenesis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1165197. [PMID: 37324420 PMCID: PMC10267453 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1165197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is an undervalorized organic feedstock residue composed of fermentable macromolecules, such as proteins, starch, and residual soluble carbohydrates. It also contains at least 50% (as dry weight) of lignocellulose. Methane-arrested anaerobic digestion is one of the promising microbial technologies to valorize such complex organic feedstock into value-added metabolic intermediates, such as ethanol, H2, and short-chain carboxylates (SCC). Under specific fermentation conditions, these intermediates can be microbially transformed into medium-chain carboxylates through a chain elongation pathway. Medium-chain carboxylates are of great interest as they can be used as bio-based pesticides, food additives, or components of drug formulations. They can also be easily upgraded by classical organic chemistry into bio-based fuels and chemicals. This study investigates the production potential of medium-chain carboxylates driven by a mixed microbial culture in the presence of BSG as an organic substrate. Because the conversion of complex organic feedstock to medium-chain carboxylates is limited by the electron donor content, we assessed the supplementation of H2 in the headspace to improve the chain elongation yield and increase the production of medium-chain carboxylates. The supply of CO2 as a carbon source was tested as well. The additions of H2 alone, CO2 alone, and both H2 and CO2 were compared. The exogenous supply of H2 alone allowed CO2 produced during acidogenesis to be consumed and nearly doubled the medium-chain carboxylate production yield. The exogenous supply of CO2 alone inhibited the whole fermentation. The supplementation of both H2 and CO2 allowed a second elongation phase when the organic feedstock was exhausted, which increased the medium-chain carboxylate production by 285% compared to the N2 reference condition. Carbon- and electron-equivalent balances, and the stoichiometric ratio of 3 observed for the consumed H2/CO2, suggest an H2- and CO2-driven second elongation phase, converting SCC to medium-chain carboxylates without an organic electron donor. The thermodynamic assessment confirmed the feasibility of such elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire B. L. Henry
- Laboratory of Bioengineering and Biorefining, Earth and Life Institute—Applied Microbiology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Florent Awedem Wobiwo
- Laboratory of Bioengineering and Biorefining, Earth and Life Institute—Applied Microbiology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Isenborghs
- Laboratory of Bioengineering and Biorefining, Earth and Life Institute—Applied Microbiology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Thomas Nicolay
- Laboratory of Bioengineering and Biorefining, Earth and Life Institute—Applied Microbiology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Bruno Godin
- Walloon Agricultural Research Center (CRA-W), Valorization of Agricultural Products Department, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Benoit A. Stenuit
- Laboratory of Bioengineering and Biorefining, Earth and Life Institute—Applied Microbiology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Patrick A. Gerin
- Laboratory of Bioengineering and Biorefining, Earth and Life Institute—Applied Microbiology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
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3
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Pawellek R, Holzgrabe U. Performance of ion pairing chromatography and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to charged aerosol detection for the analysis of underivatized amino acids. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1659:462613. [PMID: 34731754 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The charged aerosol detector (CAD) is frequently employed in liquid chromatography for the analysis of small polar and ionizable compounds such as amino acids and amino sugars, which provide a weak chromophore only. Separation of these compounds is achieved by means of ion pair chromatography (IPC), and, more recently, hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) techniques. However, as the CAD's response is highly dependent on the mobile phase composition, the substantial differences in the mobile phase composition of IPC and HILIC have a distinct impact on the detector's performance. This study was aimed at systematically comparing the performance of IPC and HILIC when coupled to the CAD. Therefore, the separation techniques characterized by their specific mobile phase compositions were evaluated for their influence on the CAD response and the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the amino acids L-alanine, L-leucine, and L-phenylalanine applying the response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM results derived from flow injection analysis (FIA) indicated that the CAD response and thus the obtainable S/N are significantly higher in HILIC compared to IPC where the S/N decreased with the chain length of the applied ion-pairing reagent. In addition, an IPC and a HILIC method, respectively, were developed for the impurity profiling of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) L-leucine, L-isoleucine, and L-valine. The beneficial effects of the HILIC conditions on the S/N observed under FIA conditions were partly offset by moderate column bleed effects when using an amide functionalized column, which facilitates the separation in the HILIC method. Satisfactory LOQs (3-10 ng on column) were obtained with both methods; however, the HILIC method was found to be slightly superior in terms of sensitivity and separation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Pawellek
- University of Würzburg, Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Holzgrabe
- University of Würzburg, Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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4
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Effect of Regenerated Cellulose Fibers Derived from Black Oat on Functional Properties of PVA-Based Biocomposite Film. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8091149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, agricultural residue from black oat, a cover crop usually grown to improve soil nutrients between the periods of regular crop production, was used as a source of cellulose fibers. Concentrations of 1, 3, and 5 wt. % of regenerated cellulose (RC) fibers blended in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution were used to prepare the reinforced composite films (CFs) by the solvent cast method. Compared to neat PVA film (control), the effects of RC addition on functional properties of CFs, such as water absorption, transparency, thermal stability, and mechanical property were investigated. All CFs with different RC concentrations exhibited improved mechanical property and thermal stability while the swelling property was decreased, and no significant changes were observed in the film transparency as compared with the control film. Among the CFs, films with 3% RC significantly decreased water vapor transmission rate, swelling, and soluble fraction (p < 0.05). In addition, Young’s modulus and tensile strength were increased by 40 MPa and 3 MPa, respectively, while elongation at break was decreased by 4%, compared to the control film. The results indicate that RC from black oat might be feasible as potential bio fillers to improve film properties in a bio-based composite matrix.
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Safety assessment of the innovative functional food ingredient from Cannabis sativa L. wastes. THE EUROBIOTECH JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/ebtj-2020-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are the oligomers of β-1,4 linked xylose monomers and they have health promoting effect by modulating the beneficial microorganisms in intestine. In this study, hydrolysate obtained from hemp (Cannabis sativa) shives was investigated in terms of its in vitro toxicological impacts at cellular and genetic levels and antioxidant activity. The hydrolysate was found to contain 0.264 mg mL-1 of xylose, 0.789 mg mL-1 of xylobiose and 0.171 mg mL-1 of xylotriose in addition to hydroxymethlyfurfural (HMF) and furfural (F) at concentrations of 0.545 mg mL-1 and 0.107 mg mL-1, respectively. The cells, colon epithelial cells (CoN) and colon cancer cells (Caco-2), exposed to 5.00 mg mL-1 or lower XOS hydrolysate showed very similar growth profiles to the untreated control cells. At the genetic level, the oxidative responses of the cell types to XOS hydrolysate were different as measured by NFE2L2 (Nuclear factor, erythroid-derived 2-like 2) gene expression. Regarding antioxidant activity, the amount of XOS hydrolysate (IC50) that cleared 50 % of the 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in the medium was calculated as 0.12 mg mL-1. To conclude, based on in vitro studies, XOS hydrolysate obtained from lignocellulosic hemp shives emerges as an innovative, alternative and safe functional food candidate.
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Markel K, Belcher MS, Shih PM. Defining and engineering bioenergy plant feedstock ideotypes. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 62:196-201. [PMID: 31841969 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ideotypes are theoretical archetypes of crops which serve as a practical framework for plant breeders to critically evaluate what traits they should be targeting for specific applications. With advances in plant biotechnology and a growing urgency to adopt more sustainable practices across our economy, new uses for crops as bioenergy feedstocks may pivot our definition of an ideal crop that is engineered for biomass and bioenergy production, in contrast to food production. Although there is a plethora of specific applications to which plant engineering efforts can contribute, here we highlight recent advances in two broad areas of research: increasing available plant biomass and engineering production of higher value co-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasey Markel
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Michael S Belcher
- Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, United States; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Patrick M Shih
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States; Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, United States; Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States; Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States.
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Pitsch J, Weghuber J. Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Charged Aerosol Detection for Simultaneous Quantitation of Carbohydrates, Polyols and Ions in Food and Beverages. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234333. [PMID: 31783530 PMCID: PMC6930467 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report an accurate and versatile method for the simultaneous determination of 17 sugars (arabinose, erythrose, fructose, galactose, glucose, isomaltulose, lactose, lyxose, maltose, maltotriose, mannose, raffinose, rhamnose, ribose, sucrose, sorbose and xylose), seven polyols (erythritol, inositol, lactitol, maltitol, mannitol, sorbitol and xylitol), five ions (K+, Br−, Cl−, NO3− and SO42−) and the pseudosaccharide acarbose. For compound separation, hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) coupled to a corona charged aerosol detector (CAD) was used. The method was validated for linearity, precision, reproducibility, retention factor and optimal injection volume. Standards were measured in the range of 1–1000 mg L−1 and showed good intraday and interday repeatability, as well as precision (relative standard deviation (RSD) < 5%). The LODs and LOQs for the 30 analytes were in the range of 0.032–2.675 mg L−1 and 0.107–8.918 mg L−1, respectively. This method exhibited correlation coefficients of at least R2 > 0.97 for all analytes. The method was tested in 24 food and beverage samples to validate the separation efficiency and sensitivity in natural food matrices and to show the practicability of its use for routine food analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Pitsch
- FFoQSI-Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, Head Office, FFoQSI GmbH, Technopark 1C, 3430 Tulln, Austria;
- Center of Excellence—Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Julian Weghuber
- FFoQSI-Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, Head Office, FFoQSI GmbH, Technopark 1C, 3430 Tulln, Austria;
- Center of Excellence—Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-50804-44403
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8
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Ghosh R, Kline P. HPLC with charged aerosol detector (CAD) as a quality control platform for analysis of carbohydrate polymers. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:268. [PMID: 31088532 PMCID: PMC6518655 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4296-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective QC analysis of carbohydrates has been historically cumbersome due to lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques and the requirement of complimentary instrumentation. HILIC-CAD has emerged as an effective platform for direct monosaccharide composition analysis of complex carbohydrates without derivatization. Although, several neutral sugars have been separated and detected using HILIC-CAD, there has not been any report on acidic and amino sugar analysis using this method. In this study, we developed a gradient method for simultaneous analysis of acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides. As an application of the HILIC-CAD method, we performed composition analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products. Additionally, since CAD is suitable for SEC experiments, we tested the homogeneity of hyaluronic acids using a SEC-CAD method. Results We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. The optimized gradient method demonstrated good linearity (R2 > 0.99), precision (RSD < 8%), LOD (< 85 ng/mL) and LOQ (< 280 ng/mL). HILIC-CAD analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products indicated that samples were composed of GlcNAc and GlcA. Additionally, SEC-CAD chromatograms indicated the heterogeneous nature of the samples. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-019-4296-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajarshi Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, 1301 E Main Street, MTSU Box 68, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - Paul Kline
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, 1301 E Main Street, MTSU Box 68, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA.
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Briggs MT, Condina MR, Klingler‐Hoffmann M, Arentz G, Everest‐Dass AV, Kaur G, Oehler MK, Packer NH, Hoffmann P. TranslatingN‐Glycan Analytical Applications into Clinical Strategies for Ovarian Cancer. Proteomics Clin Appl 2018; 13:e1800099. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201800099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. Briggs
- Adelaide Proteomics CentreSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 Australia
- ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 Australia
- Future Industries InstituteMawson Lakes CampusUniversity of South Australia 5095 Mawson Lakes
| | - Mark R. Condina
- Future Industries InstituteMawson Lakes CampusUniversity of South Australia 5095 Mawson Lakes
| | | | - Georgia Arentz
- Future Industries InstituteMawson Lakes CampusUniversity of South Australia 5095 Mawson Lakes
| | - Arun V. Everest‐Dass
- Institute for GlycomicsGold Coast CampusGriffith University Gold Coast 4215 Australia
- ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)Macquarie University Sydney 2109 Australia
| | - Gurjeet Kaur
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM)Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang Malaysia
| | - Martin K. Oehler
- Department of Gynaecological OncologyRoyal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide 5000 South Australia Australia
- Robinson InstituteUniversity of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 Australia
| | - Nicolle H. Packer
- Institute for GlycomicsGold Coast CampusGriffith University Gold Coast 4215 Australia
- ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)Macquarie University Sydney 2109 Australia
| | - Peter Hoffmann
- Future Industries InstituteMawson Lakes CampusUniversity of South Australia 5095 Mawson Lakes
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El Boustani M, Lebrun G, Brouillette F, Belfkira A. Effect of a solvent-free acetylation treatment on reinforcements permeability and tensile behaviour of flax/epoxy and flax/wood fibre/epoxy composites. CAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meriem El Boustani
- Lignocellulosic Materials Research Center (CRML); Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; P.O. Box 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7 Canada
- Laboratory of Mechanics and Eco-materials (LMEM); Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; P.O. Box 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7 Canada
- Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry Laboratory (LCBM); Université Cadi Ayyad; Faculté des Sciences et Techniques; Av. Abdelkarim Elkhattabi B.P 549 Marrakesh Morocco
| | - Gilbert Lebrun
- Lignocellulosic Materials Research Center (CRML); Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; P.O. Box 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7 Canada
- Laboratory of Mechanics and Eco-materials (LMEM); Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; P.O. Box 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7 Canada
| | - François Brouillette
- Lignocellulosic Materials Research Center (CRML); Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; P.O. Box 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7 Canada
- Laboratory of Mechanics and Eco-materials (LMEM); Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; P.O. Box 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7 Canada
| | - Ahmed Belfkira
- Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry Laboratory (LCBM); Université Cadi Ayyad; Faculté des Sciences et Techniques; Av. Abdelkarim Elkhattabi B.P 549 Marrakesh Morocco
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11
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Yan J, Shi S, Wang H, Liu R, Li N, Chen Y, Wang S. Neutral monosaccharide composition analysis of plant-derived oligo- and polysaccharides by high performance liquid chromatography. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 136:1273-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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Guo S, Duan JA, Zhang Y, Qian D, Tang Y, Zhu Z, Wang H. Contents Changes of Triterpenic Acids, Nucleosides, Nucleobases, and Saccharides in Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) Fruit During the Drying and Steaming Process. Molecules 2015; 20:22329-40. [PMID: 26703531 PMCID: PMC6332246 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba), a medicinal and edible plant, is widely consumed in Asian countries owing to the remarkable health activities of its fruits. To facilitate selection of the suitable processing method for jujube fruits, in this study their contents of triterpenic acids, nucleosides, nucleobases and saccharides after drying and steaming treatment were determined using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light scattering detector methods. The results showed that except for sucrose, the content levels of most analytes were increasing in the jujube fruits during drying treatment at 45 °C. The levels of cyclic nucleotides such as adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate and guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate, were significantly decreased after the fruits were steamed. Therefore, owing to the bioactivities of these components for human health, the dried fruits would be the better choice as medicinal material or functional food, and dried jujube fruit should not be further steamed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yuping Tang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hanqing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Tejada-Ortigoza V, Garcia-Amezquita LE, Serna-Saldívar SO, Welti-Chanes J. Advances in the Functional Characterization and Extraction Processes of Dietary Fiber. FOOD ENGINEERING REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12393-015-9134-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Zhao J, Ge LY, Xiong W, Leong F, Huang LQ, Li SP. Advanced development in phytochemicals analysis of medicine and food dual purposes plants used in China (2011-2014). J Chromatogr A 2015; 1428:39-54. [PMID: 26385085 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In 2011, we wrote a review for summarizing the phytochemical analysis (2006-2010) of medicine and food dual purposes plants used in China (Zhao et al., J. Chromatogr. A 1218 (2011) 7453-7475). Since then, more than 750 articles related to their phytochemical analysis have been published. Therefore, an updated review for the advanced development (2011-2014) in this topic is necessary for well understanding the quality control and health beneficial phytochemicals in these materials, as well as their research trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Li-Ya Ge
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Wei Xiong
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Fong Leong
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Shao-Ping Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao.
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15
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Zhou Q, Chen M, Zhu L, Tang H. Determination of perfluorinated carboxylic acids in water using liquid chromatography coupled to a corona-charged aerosol detector. Talanta 2015; 136:35-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Godin B, Mayer F, Agneessens R, Gerin P, Dardenne P, Delfosse P, Delcarte J. Biochemical methane potential prediction of plant biomasses: Comparing chemical composition versus near infrared methods and linear versus non-linear models. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 175:382-90. [PMID: 25459846 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The reliability of different models to predict the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of various plant biomasses using a multispecies dataset was compared. The most reliable prediction models of the BMP were those based on the near infrared (NIR) spectrum compared to those based on the chemical composition. The NIR predictions of local (specific regression and non-linear) models were able to estimate quantitatively, rapidly, cheaply and easily the BMP. Such a model could be further used for biomethanation plant management and optimization. The predictions of non-linear models were more reliable compared to those of linear models. The presentation form (green-dried, silage-dried and silage-wet form) of biomasses to the NIR spectrometer did not influence the performances of the NIR prediction models. The accuracy of the BMP method should be improved to enhance further the BMP prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Godin
- Walloon Agricultural Research Center - CRA-W, Valorisation of Agricultural Products Department - Biomass, Bioproducts and Energy Unit, Chaussée de Namur, 146, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Frédéric Mayer
- Centre de Recherche Public - Gabriel Lippmann, Environment and Agro-Biotechnologies Department, Rue du Brill, 41, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg; Université catholique de Louvain, Earth & Life Institute - Bioengineering Group, Croix du Sud, 2 Box L7.05.19, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Richard Agneessens
- Walloon Agricultural Research Center - CRA-W, Valorisation of Agricultural Products Department - Biomass, Bioproducts and Energy Unit, Chaussée de Namur, 146, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Patrick Gerin
- Université catholique de Louvain, Earth & Life Institute - Bioengineering Group, Croix du Sud, 2 Box L7.05.19, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Pierre Dardenne
- Walloon Agricultural Research Center - CRA-W, Valorisation of Agricultural Products Department - Biomass, Bioproducts and Energy Unit, Chaussée de Namur, 146, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Philippe Delfosse
- Centre de Recherche Public - Gabriel Lippmann, Environment and Agro-Biotechnologies Department, Rue du Brill, 41, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Jérôme Delcarte
- Walloon Agricultural Research Center - CRA-W, Valorisation of Agricultural Products Department - Biomass, Bioproducts and Energy Unit, Chaussée de Namur, 146, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
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Content variations of triterpenic acid, nucleoside, nucleobase, and sugar in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) fruit during ripening. Food Chem 2014; 167:468-74. [PMID: 25149013 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) fruit is widely consumed as food and traditional Chinese medicine in Asian countries due to its potential effects for human health. To facilitate selection of the maturity stage providing optimum health benefits, jujube fruits were analysed at six stages of growth (S1-6) for triterpenic acids, nucleosides, nucleobases, and sugars by UHPLC-MS/MS or HPLC-ELSD methods. The content levels of most triterpenic acids and sugars increased with ripening, and reached the highest at S5 and S6, respectively. The accumulation of the cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cGMP) was mainly in the later stage of ripening (S5-6). Therefore, if taking triterpenic acids as the major quality indicator, S5 should be the ideal time to harvest jujube fruit, and the full ripen stage (S6) maybe the best choice when taking sugars and cyclic nucleotides as the most important components.
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Godin B, Agneessens R, Gerin P, Delcarte J. Structural carbohydrates in a plant biomass: correlations between the detergent fiber and dietary fiber methods. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:5609-16. [PMID: 24841506 DOI: 10.1021/jf500924q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We compared the detergent fiber and dietary fiber methods to analyze the cellulose and hemicellulose contents of commelinid and non-commelinid magnoliophyta biomass. A good linear correlation was found between both methods. Compared to the more accurate dietary fiber method, the detergent fiber method overestimates the content of cellulose, whereas the detergent fiber method, as compared to the dietary fiber method, overestimates and underestimates the hemicellulose content in commelinid and non-commelinid magnoliophyta biomass, respectively. Because of the good linear correlations, conversion factors were determined to predict the cellulose, hemicellulose, and xylan contents to be expected from the dietary fiber method, on the basis of analyses made by the faster, cheaper, and more commonly practiced detergent fiber method. Nevertheless, the dietary fiber method offers the advantage of providing the detailed composition of the hemicelluloses (xylan, arabinan, hemicellulosic glucan, galactan, and mannan), and that is of interest for biorefining purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Godin
- Walloon Agricultural Research Center , CRA-W. Valorisation of Agricultural Products Department, Biomass, Bioproducts and Energy Unit, Chaussée de Namur, 146, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
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Fox CB, Sivananthan SJ, Mikasa TJ, Lin S, Parker SC. Charged aerosol detection to characterize components of dispersed-phase formulations. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 199-200:59-65. [PMID: 23855968 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal formulations based on biocompatible phospholipids, emulsifiers, and oils are employed in a wide range of applications including medicine, food, and cosmetics. However, characterization of these dispersed-phase components may be difficult to analyze by traditional HPLC with UV, visible, or fluorescence detection modalities due to lack of chromophores or fluorophores. Charged aerosol detection (CAD) is increasingly used for analysis of dispersed-phase components due to its broad applicability and high sensitivity for non-chromophore containing components found in many colloidal systems, such as lipid-based molecules. In this review, we summarize the recent applications of CAD reported in the literature as well as our own laboratory for the analysis of widely used components of dispersed-phase systems. In particular, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of CAD compared to other HPLC detection methods, as well as the various sample preparation methods suitable for colloidal formulations prior to HPLC-CAD analysis.
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Grembecka M, Baran P, Błażewicz A, Fijałek Z, Szefer P. Simultaneous determination of aspartame, acesulfame-K, saccharin, citric acid and sodium benzoate in various food products using HPLC–CAD–UV/DAD. Eur Food Res Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-013-2111-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Godin B, Lamaudière S, Agneessens R, Schmit T, Goffart JP, Stilmant D, Gerin PA, Delcarte J. Chemical characteristics and biofuels potentials of various plant biomasses: influence of the harvesting date. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:3216-24. [PMID: 23553648 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An optimal valorization of plant biomasses to produce biofuels requires a good knowledge of the available contents and molecular composition of the main chemical components, which changes with the harvesting date. Therefore, we assessed the influence of harvesting date on the chemical characteristics of various energy crops in the context of their conversion to biofuels. RESULTS We showed that the biomass chemical composition, enzymatic digestible organic matter, bioethanol and thermal energy production potential for each species are impacted by the harvesting date. The proportion of enzymatically digestible organic matter decreases as the harvesting date is delayed. This is related to the increase in cellulose and lignin contents. The suitability of the biomasses for bioethanol production increases with harvest stage, as the total carbohydrates content increases. The suitability of the biomasses as a source of thermal energy increases according to the harvesting date as the proportion of organic matter increases and the content of mineral compounds decreases. For all investigated energy conversions, the best harvesting period is autumn, because the significantly higher crop dry matter yield largely compensates for the sometimes slightly less favorable chemical characteristics. CONCLUSION While the biomass composition of energy crops changes with harvest stage, the dry biomass yield per unit area is the main factor that controls the total amount of chemical components, digestible organic matter, bioethanol and thermal energy that can be expected to be harvested per unit area. The biomass compositions presented in this paper are essential to investigate their suitability for bioenergy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Godin
- Biomass, Bioproducts and Energy Unit, Valorisation of Agricultural Products Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Center (CRA-W), B-5030, Gembloux, Belgium; Bioengineering Group, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Hu DJ, Cheong KL, Zhao J, Li SP. Chromatography in characterization of polysaccharides from medicinal plants and fungi. J Sep Sci 2012; 36:1-19. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- De-jun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine; Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences; University of Macau; Macao; China
| | - Kit-leong Cheong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine; Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences; University of Macau; Macao; China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine; Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences; University of Macau; Macao; China
| | - Shao-ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine; Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences; University of Macau; Macao; China
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Deutschmann R, Dekker RF. From plant biomass to bio-based chemicals: Latest developments in xylan research. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:1627-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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