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Spilstead KB, Alexander R, Doeven EH, Haswell SJ, Barnett NW, Francis PS. Evaluation of coloured materials in microfluidic flow-cells for chemiluminescence detection. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 968:66-73. [PMID: 28395776 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the construction of chemiluminescence flow-cells has included high precision milling of channels into a range of different polymer materials, in efforts to maximise the transfer of light from the chemical reaction to the photodetector. However, little is known of the extent that the colour of polymer materials will influence this transfer. This may become increasingly important as chemiluminescence detection zones are integrated with other operations within microfluidic devices or micro total analysis systems (μTAS). Herein, we compare microfluidic flow-cells fabricated from five polymer sheets (clear, white, black, red, blue), using two flow-cell designs (spiral and serpentine), two modes of photodetection, and four chemiluminescence reactions that provide a range of different emission colours. The direct transfer of light from the reaction within the white flow-cell channel to the photodetector made only minor contributions (10%-20%) to the measured intensity, with the majority of the measured light first interacting with the polymer material into which the channels were machined. The extent that the emitted light was absorbed or reflected by the coloured polymer materials was dependent on not only the properties of the polymer, but also the spectral distribution of the chemiluminescence. The changes in chemiluminescence intensities from absorption of light by the flow-cell materials can be accompanied by distortion of the spectral distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara B Spilstead
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia; Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Richard Alexander
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Egan H Doeven
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Stephen J Haswell
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Neil W Barnett
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Paul S Francis
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
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Advances in explosives analysis--part II: photon and neutron methods. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 408:49-65. [PMID: 26446898 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9043-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The number and capability of explosives detection and analysis methods have increased dramatically since publication of the Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry special issue devoted to Explosives Analysis [Moore DS, Goodpaster JV, Anal Bioanal Chem 395:245-246, 2009]. Here we review and critically evaluate the latest (the past five years) important advances in explosives detection, with details of the improvements over previous methods, and suggest possible avenues towards further advances in, e.g., stand-off distance, detection limit, selectivity, and penetration through camouflage or packaging. The review consists of two parts. Part I discussed methods based on animals, chemicals (including colorimetry, molecularly imprinted polymers, electrochemistry, and immunochemistry), ions (both ion-mobility spectrometry and mass spectrometry), and mechanical devices. This part, Part II, will review methods based on photons, from very energetic photons including X-rays and gamma rays down to the terahertz range, and neutrons.
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Čapka L, Večeřa Z, Mikuška P, Šesták J, Kahle V, Bumbová A. A portable device for fast analysis of explosives in the environment. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1388:167-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chen W, Hou K, Xiong X, Jiang Y, Zhao W, Hua L, Chen P, Xie Y, Wang Z, Li H. Non-contact halogen lamp heating assisted LTP ionization miniature rectilinear ion trap: a platform for rapid, on-site explosives analysis. Analyst 2013; 138:5068-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an00555k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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