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Gholami MD, Theiss F, Sonar P, Ayoko GA, Izake EL. Rapid and selective detection of recombinant human erythropoietin in human blood plasma by a sensitive optical sensor. Analyst 2021; 145:5508-5515. [PMID: 32598413 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00972e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) is an important hormone drug that is used to treat several medical conditions. It is also frequently abused by athletes as a performance enhancing agent at sporting events. The time window of the rHuEPO in blood is short. Therefore, the rapid detection of rHuEPO use/abuse at points of care and in sports requires a selective analytical method and a sensitive sensor. Herein, we present a highly selective method for the rapid detection of rHuEPO in human blood plasma by a sensitive optical sensor. rHuEPO is selectively extracted from human blood plasma by a target-specific extractor chip and converted into a biothiol by reducing its disulfide bond structure. The formed biothiol reacts with a water soluble (E)-1-((6-methoxybenzo[d]thiazole-2-yl)diazenyl)naphthalene-2,6-diolHg(ii) (BAN-Hg) optical sensor and causes its rapid decomposition. This leads to a rapid change in the sensor color from blue to pink that can be observed by the naked eye. The optical sensor was used to quantify rHuEPO in the concentration range 1 × 10-8 M to 1 × 10-12 M by UV-Vis spectroscopy. For the screening of blood plasma, an EPO-specific extractor chip was synthesized and used to selectively extract the protein from the biological matrix prior to its conversion into biothiol and quantification by the optical sensor. Since many proteins have a disulfide bond structure, the new method has strong potential for their rapid sensitive and selective detection by the BAN-Hg sensor and UV-Vis spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz D Gholami
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Chemistry and Physics, 2 George street QLD, 4000, Australia.
| | - Frederick Theiss
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Chemistry and Physics, 2 George street QLD, 4000, Australia.
| | - Prashant Sonar
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Chemistry and Physics, 2 George street QLD, 4000, Australia. and Centre for Material Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George street QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Godwin A Ayoko
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Chemistry and Physics, 2 George street QLD, 4000, Australia. and Centre for Material Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George street QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Emad L Izake
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Chemistry and Physics, 2 George street QLD, 4000, Australia. and Centre for Material Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George street QLD, 4000, Australia
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Iqbal A, Liu J, Dixon B, Zargar B, Sattar SA. Development and application of DNA-aptamer-coupled magnetic beads and aptasensors for the detection of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in drinking and recreational water resources. Can J Microbiol 2019; 65:851-857. [PMID: 31404505 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2019-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmentally stable and disinfectant-resistant oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. shed in the feces of infected humans and animals frequently contaminate water resources and are subsequently spread via potable and recreational waters. The current monoclonal-antibody-based methods for detecting them in water are slow, labor-intensive, and demand skills to interpret the results. We have developed DNA-aptamer-based aptasensors, coupled with magnetic beads, to detect and identify the oocysts of C. parvum for monitoring recreational and drinking water sources. A sensitive and specific electrochemical aptasensor (3'-biotinylated R4-6 aptamer) was used as a secondary ligand to bind the streptavidin-coated magnetic beads. This was incorporated into a probe using gold nanoparticle modified screen-printed carbon electrodes. Square wave voltammetry allowed for specific recognition of C. parvum oocysts. The aptamer-coated probes had an oocyst detection limit of 50. It did not bind to the cysts of Giardia duodenalis, another common waterborne pathogen, thus indicating its high specificity for the target pathogen. The system could successfully detect C. parvum oocysts in spiked samples of the raw lake and river waters. Therefore, the combined use of the aptasensor and magnetic beads has the potential to monitor water quality for C. parvum oocysts in field samples without relying on monoclonal antibodies and skill-demanding microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Iqbal
- CREM Co Labs, Units 1-2, 3403 American Drive, Mississauga, ON L4V 1T4, Canada
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Brent Dixon
- Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Food Directorate, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting, Ottawa, ON K1Y 0M1, Canada
| | - Bahram Zargar
- CREM Co Labs, Units 1-2, 3403 American Drive, Mississauga, ON L4V 1T4, Canada
| | - Syed A Sattar
- CREM Co Labs, Units 1-2, 3403 American Drive, Mississauga, ON L4V 1T4, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
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Aptamers as the Agent in Decontamination Assays (Apta-Decontamination Assays): From the Environment to the Potential Application In Vivo. J Nucleic Acids 2017; 2017:3712070. [PMID: 29225967 PMCID: PMC5684557 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3712070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The binding specificity and affinity of aptamers have long been harnessed as the key elements in the development of aptamer-based assays, particularly aptasensing application. One promising avenue that is currently explored based on the specificity and affinity of aptamers is the application of aptamers in the decontamination assays. Aptamers have been successfully harnessed as the decontamination agents to remove contaminants from the environment and to decontaminate infectious elements. The reversible denaturation property inherent in aptamers enables the repeated usage of aptamers, which can immensely save the cost of decontamination. Analogous to the point-of-care diagnostics, there is no doubt that aptamers can also be deployed in the point-of-care aptamer-based decontamination assay, whereby decontamination can be performed anywhere and anytime for instantaneous decision-making. It is also prophesied that aptamers can also serve more than as a decontaminant, probably as a tool to capture and kill hazardous elements, particularly pathogenic agents.
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Song S, Lu Y, Li X, Cao S, Pei Y, Aastrup T, Pei Z. Optimization of 3D Surfaces of Dextran with Different Molecule Weights for Real-Time Detection of Biomolecular Interactions by a QCM Biosensor. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E409. [PMID: 30965713 PMCID: PMC6418631 DOI: 10.3390/polym9090409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) has been extensively applied in real-time and label-free biomolecular interaction studies. However, the sensitive detection by QCM technology remains challenging, mainly due to the limited surface immobilization capacity. Here, a three-dimensional (3D) carboxymethyl dextran coated gold sensor chip surface was successfully fabricated with dextran of different molecular weight (100, 500 and 2000 kDa, respectively). To evaluate the 3D carboxymethyl dextran surface immobilization capacity, the 3D surface was used for studying antigen⁻antibody interactions on the QCM biosensor. The results showed that the protein immobilization capacity of the 3D carboxymethyl dextran (2000 kDa) surface exceeded more than 4 times the capacity of the 2D carboxyl surface, and 2 times the capacity of the traditional 3D carboxymethyl dextran (500 kDa) surface. Furthermore, the kinetic and affinity properties of antigen⁻antibody interactions were performed. Most notably, the optimized 3D carboxymethyl dextran (2000 kDa) surface could be used for small molecule detection, where the binding of biotinylated oligo (0.67 kDa) reached 8.1 Hz. The results confirmed that a 3D carboxymethyl dextran (2000 kDa) surface can be exploited for sensitive detection of low molecular weight analytes, which have great potential applications for characterizing the interactions between small molecule drugs and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Song
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Yuchao Lu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Xueming Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Shoupeng Cao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Yuxin Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | | | - Zhichao Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Aptahistochemistry in diagnostic pathology: technical scrutiny and feasibility. Histochem Cell Biol 2017; 147:545-553. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-017-1561-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Citartan M, Ch'ng ES, Rozhdestvensky TS, Tang TH. Aptamers as the ‘capturing’ agents in aptamer-based capture assays. Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Zheng X, Zhang C, Bai L, Liu S, Tan L, Wang Y. Antifouling property of monothiol-terminated bottle-brush poly(methylacrylic acid)-graft-poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) copolymer on gold surfaces. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:1921-1930. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01766h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of well-controlled bottle-brush poly(methylacrylic acid)-graft-poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) copolymers were grafted to gold surfaces through an in situ aminolysis reaction to reduce protein adsorption and platelet adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiajun Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026
- P. R. China
| | - Chong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026
- P. R. China
| | - Longchao Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026
- P. R. China
| | - Songtao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026
- P. R. China
| | - Lin Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026
- P. R. China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026
- P. R. China
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