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Sharma A, Singh G, Kaur N, Singh N. Core-Labeled Reverse Micelle-Based Supramolecular Solvents for Assisted Quick and Sensitive Determination of Amitriptyline in Wastewater. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 38319126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the issue of pharmaceutical contaminants in water bodies has emerged as a significant environmental concern owing to the potential negative impacts on both aquatic ecosystems and human health. Consequently, the development of efficient and eco-friendly methods for their determination and removal is of paramount importance. In this context, the development of a surfactant ensemble sensor has been explored for hard-to-sense amphiphilic drug, i.e., amitriptyline. Herein, a pyrene-based amphiphile chemoreceptor was synthesized and characterized through various spectroscopic techniques such as 1H, 13C NMR, single-crystal XRD, FTIR, and ES-mass spectrometry. Then, dodecanoic acid (DA) and a pyrene-based receptor in a THF/water solvent system were used to generate reverse micelle-based self-aggregates of SUPRAS (SUPRAmolecular Solvent). The structural aspects, such as morphology and size, along with the stability of the SUPRAS aggregates were unfolded through spectroscopic and microscopic insights. The present investigation describes a synergistic approach that combines the unique properties of premicellar concentration of supramolecular solvent with the promising potential of pyrene-based receptor for enhanced amitriptyline extraction with simultaneous determination from water (LOD = 12 nM). To evaluate the effectiveness of the developed aggregates in real-world scenarios, experiments were conducted to determine the sensing efficiency among various pharmaceutical pollutants commonly found in water sources. The results reveal that the synergistic nanoensemble exhibits remarkable sensing ability, toward the amitriptyline (AMT) drug outperforming conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Narinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
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Caldevilla R, Morais SL, Cruz A, Delerue-Matos C, Moreira F, Pacheco JG, Santos M, Barroso MF. Electrochemical Chemically Based Sensors and Emerging Enzymatic Biosensors for Antidepressant Drug Detection: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108480. [PMID: 37239826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is a widespread condition with antidepressants as the main pharmacological treatment. However, some patients experience concerning adverse reactions or have an inadequate response to treatment. Analytical chromatographic techniques, among other techniques, are valuable tools for investigating medication complications, including those associated with antidepressants. Nevertheless, there is a growing need to address the limitations associated with these techniques. In recent years, electrochemical (bio)sensors have garnered significant attention due to their lower cost, portability, and precision. Electrochemical (bio)sensors can be used for various applications related to depression, such as monitoring the levels of antidepressants in biological and in environmental samples. They can provide accurate and rapid results, which could facilitate personalized treatment and improve patient outcomes. This state-of-the-art literature review aims to explore the latest advancements in the electrochemical detection of antidepressants. The review focuses on two types of electrochemical sensors: Chemically modified sensors and enzyme-based biosensors. The referred papers are carefully categorized according to their respective sensor type. The review examines the differences between the two sensing methods, highlights their unique features and limitations, and provides an in-depth analysis of each sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Caldevilla
- CISA|ESS, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Saúde, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Stephanie L Morais
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Agostinho Cruz
- CISA|ESS, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Saúde, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Moreira
- CISA|ESS, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Saúde, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - João G Pacheco
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marlene Santos
- CISA|ESS, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Saúde, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto-Francisco Gentil, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 865, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Fátima Barroso
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
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Teixeira Tarley CR, Gorla FA, Midori de Oliveira F, Nascentes CC, Ferreira MDP, Ferreira da Costa M, Segatelli MG. Investigation of the performance of cross-linked poly(acrylic acid) and poly(methacrylic acid) as efficient adsorbents in SPE columns for simultaneous preconcentration of tricyclic antidepressants in water samples. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:5100-5109. [PMID: 36472141 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01520j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A solid phase extraction-based (SPE) procedure for simultaneous preconcentration of five tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), amitriptyline hydrochloride (AMT), nortriptyline hydrochloride (NOR), doxepin hydrochloride (DOX), imipramine hydrochloride (IMI), and clomipramine hydrochloride (CLO) from water samples with determination by HPLC-DAD is proposed. Polymers were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and thermogravimetric analysis. SPE-based methods were carried out by the preconcentration of 320.0 mL of TCAs at pH 7.0 (buffered with 0.01 mol L-1 phosphate buffer) through 70.0 mg of adsorbent packed into a SPE cartridge, followed by elution with 1.0 mL of ACN : MeOH : acetic acid solution (45 : 45 : 10% v/v). Higher preconcentration factors were obtained ranging from 117.9 to 372.2 and 207.1 to 396.1 by using poly(MAA-co-EGDMA) and poly(AA-co-EGDMA), respectively, yielding lower limits of detection (0.03 to 0.12 μg L-1) and (0.03 to 0.15 μg L-1). These outcomes show satisfactory detectability of SPE-based methods, with slightly better performance using poly(MAA-co-EGDMA). On the other hand, poly(AA-co-EGDMA) was able to preconcentrate TCAs in the presence of humic acid (7.0 mg L-1) without interference. The precision of methods assessed as RSD (%) was very similar, ranging from 1.7% to 16.3% for poly(MAA-co-EGDMA) and 1.7% to 13.4% for poly(AA-co-EGDMA). SPE cartridges packed with the polymers showed high reusability (52 cycles of preconcentration and elution) without losing adsorption efficiency. The methods were applied to determine TCAs in tap, lake, and stream water samples and the accuracy was attested by addition and recovery tests (86.7-116.0%), with determined nortriptyline ranging from 0.48 to 0.52 μg L-1 in lake water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Ricardo Teixeira Tarley
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, CEP 86.057-970, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalytics (INCTBio), Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária Vaz s/n, CEP 13.083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Augusto Gorla
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, CEP 86.057-970, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
- Federal Institute of Paraná (IFPR), Avenida Cívica 475, Centro Cívico, CEP 85.935-000, Assis Chateaubriand, Parana, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Midori de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, CEP 86.057-970, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
| | - Clésia Cristina Nascentes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Milena do Prado Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, CEP 86.057-970, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
| | - Marcello Ferreira da Costa
- Department of Physics, State University of Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Km 380, CEP 86.057-970, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Mariana Gava Segatelli
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, CEP 86.057-970, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
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Hasanpour M, Pardakhty A, Tajik S. The development of disposable electrochemical sensor based on MoSe 2-rGO nanocomposite modified screen printed carbon electrode for amitriptyline determination in the presence of carbamazepine, application in biological and water samples. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136336. [PMID: 36088965 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present attempt developed a simple sensing system based on the modification of screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) with MoSe2/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite (MoSe2-rGO/SPCE) to voltammetrically co-detect amitriptyline and carbamazepine. Different techniques such as field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were employed to characterize MoSe2-rGO nanocomposite morphology and structure. Moreover, chronoamperometry, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) were utilized to explore the electrochemical oxidation of amitriptyline. Data revealed a great current sensitivity for the MoSe2-rGO/SPCE towards amitriptyline. The peak currents of amitriptyline oxidation on the MoSe2-rGO/SPCE had linear dynamic range (0.02-380.0 μM) and a narrow limit of detection (0.007 μM). The MoSe2-rGO/SPCE was successful in sensing carbamazepine and amitriptyline in real specimens, with appreciable recovery rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matineh Hasanpour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abbas Pardakhty
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 76175-493, 76169-11319, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Somayeh Tajik
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Kaynar B, Öztürk G, Kul D. Electrochemical Analysis of Antipsychotic Drug Quetiapine Fumarate Using Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202200057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Zoheira Bagheri Nasab, Fariba Garkani Nejad. Electrochemical Sensor Based on a Modified Graphite Screen Printed Electrode for Amitriptyline Determination. SURFACE ENGINEERING AND APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s1068375522010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Martins FCOL, Pimenta LC, De Souza D. Antidepressants determination using an electroanalytical approach: A review of methods. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 206:114365. [PMID: 34555633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Antidepressants are the pharmaceutical compounds used in the treatment of depression, anxiety disorders and all related disturbances promoted by genetic factors, environmental problems or modern lifestyles. Nonetheless, the inadequate ingestion of antidepressants provokes adverse effects in the human body and can contaminate the environment. For this reason, it is necessary to identify and quantify these compounds in biological fluids, natural water, wastewater, and pharmaceutical formulations. Consequently, this review presents the main electroanalytical techniques used in the analysis of antidepressants, indicating the advantages, which include low cost, suitable analytical parameters, simplified sample preparation steps, easy operation and reduced time for completion of the analysis. Reports in specialized literature, published from 2000 to 2020, are presented and some are discussed, demonstrating that the electroanalytical techniques can be employed, with success, in the determination of antidepressants, indicating alternative methodologies to improve analytical parameters and minimize the use and generation of toxic residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C O L Martins
- Green Analytical Chemistry Group (GEQAV), College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", São Paulo University, PO Box 9, Piracicaba, SP 13418-970, Brazil
| | - Laura C Pimenta
- Laboratory of Electroanalytical Applied to Biotechnology and Food Engineering (LEABE), Chemistry Institute, Uberlândia Federal University, Major Jerônimo street, 566, Patos de Minas, MG 38700-002, Brazil
| | - Djenaine De Souza
- Laboratory of Electroanalytical Applied to Biotechnology and Food Engineering (LEABE), Chemistry Institute, Uberlândia Federal University, Major Jerônimo street, 566, Patos de Minas, MG 38700-002, Brazil.
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8
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Electrochemical sensor for tricyclic antidepressants with low nanomolar detection limit: Quantitative Determination of Amitriptyline and Nortriptyline in blood. Talanta 2021; 239:123072. [PMID: 34864535 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Amitriptyline and its metabolite, Nortriptyline are commonly used tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) drugs that are electrochemically active. In this work, the performance characteristics of a plasticized PVC membrane-coated glassy carbon (GC) electrode are described for the voltammetric quantification of Amitriptyline and Nortriptyline in whole blood. The highly lipophilic Amitriptyline and Nortriptyline preferentially partition into the plasticized PVC membrane where the free drug is oxidized on the GC electrode. The concentrations of the drugs in the membrane are orders of magnitude larger than in the sample solution, resulting in superb limit of detection (LOD) of the membrane-coated voltammetric sensor: 3 nmol/L for Amitriptyline and 20 nmol/L for Nortriptyline. Conversely, hydrophilic components of the sample solution, e.g., proteins, the protein-bound fraction of the drugs, and electrochemically active small molecules are blocked from entering the membrane, which provides exceptional selectivity for the membrane-coated sensor and feasibility for the measurements of Amitriptyline in whole blood. In this work, the concentrations of Amitriptyline and Nortriptyline were determined in whole blood using the sensor and the results of our analysis were compared to the results of the standard HPLC-MS method. Based on our experience, the one-step voltammetric methods with the membrane-coated sensor may become a real alternative to the significantly more complex HPLC-MS analysis.
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9
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Development of a molecular imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor for amitriptyline detection: From MD simulations to experimental implementation. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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10
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Madej M, Fendrych K, Porada R, Flacha M, Kochana J, Baś B. Application of Fe(III)-exchanged clinoptilolite/graphite nanocomposite for electrochemical sensing of amitriptyline. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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US FDA-validated green GC-MS method for analysis of gabapentin, tramadol and/or amitriptyline mixtures in biological fluids. Bioanalysis 2020; 12:1521-1533. [PMID: 33118848 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2020-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mixtures of gabapentin, tramadol and/or amitriptyline are usually recommended for treatment of neuropathic pain. Materials & methods/results: A novel GC-MS/MS method was developed to assess the studied mixture whether in pure forms or human biological fluids (plasma/urine). The chromatographic detection was performed using MS detector applying the selected ion-monitoring mode. An (Agilent, CA, USA) GC-MS with triple axis single quadrupole detector unit was used for the analysis equipped with HP-5MS (5% phenyl methyl siloxane) column. Helium was the carrier gas and positive electron impact ionization mode was applied. Conclusion: The developed method was able to assess the mixture components simultaneously within six minutes. Validation of the method was assured according to US FDA guidelines and Eco-Scale assessment.
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12
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Sevilay Erdoğan Kablan, Nuran Özaltın. Simultaneous Determination of Thiocolchicoside and Diclofenac Diethyl Ammonium in Topical Gel Formulation by Square Wave Voltammetric Method. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193520060063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Fatemeh Farjami, Fasihi F, Valibeigi M, Moradi SE. Determination of Amitriptyline on a Carbon Nanocomposite Ionic Liquid Electrode. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934820070084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Khan AAP. Electrocatalytic Behavior and Determination of Amitriptyline Drug with MWCNT@Celllulose Composite Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13071708. [PMID: 32268511 PMCID: PMC7178697 DOI: 10.3390/ma13071708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel nanocomposite of cellulose based on multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was synthesized by a simple solution mixing–evaporation method. The morphology, thermal investigations, electrocatalytic oxidation of amitriptyline were analyzed at multi-walled carbon/cellulose nanocomposite in detail. The amitriptyline (AMT) drug was electrochemically studied in a phosphate buffer at different pH using the MWCNT/cellulose modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). As per the linear relationship among AMT along with peak current, differential pulse voltammetry technique has been established for their quantitative pharmaceutical’s determination. The oxidation potential shifted negatively compared to GCE, showing that the MWCNT/cellulose modified electrode had an excellent catalytic activity for the AMT oxidation. The anodic peak current varied linear response with AMT’s concentration in the range of 0.5 to 20.0 μM with a LOD of 0.0845 μM and LOQ of 0.282 μM, respectively. The proposed method was effectively put on the determination of AMT in pharmaceutical and urine samples. This novel methodology is presented here as an example of a complete development methodology for the determination of amitriptyline drug and sensor for use in healthcare fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Zhao Y, Yang Z, Fan W, Wang Y, Li G, Cong H, Yuan H. Carbon nanotube/carbon fiber electrodes via chemical vapor deposition for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Habibi-Kool-Gheshlaghi M, Faridbod F, Mosammam MK, Ganjali MR. Electroanalysis of Tricyclic Psychotropic Drugs using Modified Electrodes. CURR ANAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666180917112548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Tricyclic psychotropic drugs are defined as a tricyclic rings of the dibenzazepine
group with the presence of sulfur and nitrogen atoms. They have been prescribed for antidepressive
therapy over the years. Due to their medical importance, many analytical methods have
been developed for their monitoring. However, benefits of electrochemical techniques such as costeffectiveness,
fast, easy operation and non-destructiveness make them appropriate analytical methods
for drug assays. Electrochemical determinations of pharmaceuticals require suitable working electrodes.
During years, many electrodes are modified by a variety of modifiers and several sensors
were developed based on them. In this regard, nanomaterials, due to their remarkable properties, are
one of the most important choices.
Objective:
Here, the application of electroanalytical methods in the determination of electroactive tricyclic
psychotropic drugs will be reviewed and the nanomaterials which are used for improvements
of the working electrodes will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Habibi-Kool-Gheshlaghi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnoush Faridbod
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahya Karami Mosammam
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Kamari K, Taheri A. Preparation and evaluation of magnetic core–shell mesoporous molecularly imprinted polymers for selective adsorption of amitriptyline in biological samples. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2018.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Kurbanoglu S, Ozkan SA. Electrochemical carbon based nanosensors: A promising tool in pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 147:439-457. [PMID: 28780997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has become very popular in the sensor fields in recent times. It is thought that the utilization of such technologies, as well as the use of nanosized materials, could well have beneficial effects for the performance of sensors. Nano-sized materials have been shown to have a number of novel and interesting physical and chemical properties. Low-dimensional nanometer-sized materials and systems have defined a new research area in condensed-matter physics within past decades. Apart from the aforesaid categories of materials, there exist various materials of different types for fabricating nanosensors. Carbon is called as a unique element, due to its magnificent applications in many areas. Carbon is an astonishing element that can be found many forms including graphite, diamond, fullerenes, and graphene. This review provides an overview of some of the important and recent developments brought about by the application of carbon based nanostructures to nanotechnology for both chemical and biological sensor development and their application in pharmaceutical and biomedical area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevinc Kurbanoglu
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06100, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel A Ozkan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06100, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey.
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Highly selective determination of amitriptyline using Nafion-AuNPs@branched polyethyleneimine-derived carbon hollow spheres in pharmaceutical drugs and biological fluids. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 86:616-622. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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