1
|
Review of Element Analysis of Industrial Materials by In-Line Laser—Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11199274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a rapidly developing technique for chemical materials analysis. LIBS is applied for fundamental investigations, e.g., the laser plasma matter interaction, for element, molecule, and isotope analysis, and for various technical applications, e.g., minimal destructive materials inspection, the monitoring of production processes, and remote analysis of materials in hostile environment. In this review, we focus on the element analysis of industrial materials and the in-line chemical sensing in industrial production. After a brief introduction we discuss the optical emission of chemical elements in laser-induced plasma and the capability of LIBS for multi-element detection. An overview of the various classes of industrial materials analyzed by LIBS is given. This includes so-called Technology materials that are essential for the functionality of modern high-tech devices (smartphones, computers, cars, etc.). The LIBS technique enables unique applications for rapid element analysis under harsh conditions where other techniques are not available. We present several examples of LIBS-based sensors that are applied in-line and at-line of industrial production processes.
Collapse
|
2
|
Bipyridine-linked three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks for fluorescence sensing of cobalt(II) at nanomole level. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:167. [PMID: 33877439 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04813-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel fluorometric method based on bipyridine-linked three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (COFs) was developed for the determination of Co2+. The COFs were synthesized by the polyreaction of tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)methane (TAPM), 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-diamine (Bpy), and 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxaldehyde (BPDA) under solvothermal conditions. The fluorescence of the COFs, with excitation/emission peaks at 324/406 nm, is quenched by Co2+. Under the optimal conditions, the fluorescence quenching degrees (F0-F) of the resulted COFs linearly enhance as the concentrations of Co2+ increase in the range 0.01 to 0.25 μM, and a limit of detection of 2.63 nM is achieved. The fluorescence response mechanism was discussed in detail. This proposed approach has also been successfully employed to determine Co2+ in complex samples (shrimp and tap water), and satisfactory recoveries (88.1 ~ 109.7%) was obtained. The relative standard deviations are below 4.9%.
Collapse
|
3
|
Fabrication of target specific solid-state optical sensors using chromoionophoric probe-integrated porous monolithic polymer and silica templates for cobalt ions. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:3177-3191. [PMID: 33677651 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03255-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The article demonstrates the design of two solid-state sensors for the capturing of industrially relevant ultra-trace Co(II) ions using porous monolithic silica and polymer templates. The mesoporous silica reveals high surface area and voluminous pore dimensions that ensures homogeneous anchoring of 4-((5-(allylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)diazenyl)benzene-1,3-diol, as the chromoionophore. We report a first of its kind solid-state macro-/meso-porous polymer monolithic optical sensor from a monomeric chromoionophore, i.e., 2-(4-butylphenyl)diazenyl)-2-hydroxybenzylidene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide. The monolithic solid-state sensors are characterized using HR-TEM-SAED, FE-SEM-EDAX, p-XRD, XPS, 29Si/13C CPMAS NMR, FT-IR, TGA, and BET/BJH analysis. The electron microscopic images reveal a highly ordered hexagonal mesoporous network of honeycomb pattern for silica monolith, and a long-range macroporous framework with mesoporous channels for polymer monolith. The sensors offer exclusive ion-selectivity and sensitivity for trace cobalt ions, through a concentration proportionate visual color transition, with a response kinetics of ≤ 5 min. The optimization of ion-sensing performance reveals an excellent detection limit of 0.29 and 0.15 ppb for Co(II), using silica- and polymer-based monolithic sensors, respectively. The proposed sensors are tested with industrial wastewater and spent Li-ion batteries, which reveals a superior cobalt ion capturing efficiency of ≥ 99.2% (RSD: ≤ 2.07%).
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhu C, Tang Z, Li Q, Zhou R, Lv J, Zhang W, Zhan K, Li X, Zeng X. Lead of detection in rhododendron leaves using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy assisted by laser-induced fluorescence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 738:139402. [PMID: 32531612 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy assisted by laser-induced fluorescence (LIBS-LIF) was applied to determine lead (Pb) in rhododendron leaves. Rhododendron leaves are essential types of herbal materials. Rapid detection of lead in rhododendron leaves is urgent for drug monitoring. In this paper, the powder method and solid-liquid-solid transformation (SLST) method were employed as sample preparation. The results showed that the signal of the Pb I 405.78 nm line was substantially enhanced. For samples A, B and C, the LoD values of 0.054 mg/kg, 0.059 mg/kg, 0.062 mg/kg were achieved with R2 values of 0.997, 0.996, 0.997 via the SLST approach, whose sensitivity and accuracy was slightly higher compared to the powder method. The RMSECV values of both methods were minimal, ranging from 0.538 to 2.117 mg/kg. Lead content detected by LIBS-LIF in the three samples was between 1.5 and 2.8 mg/kg. The results of lead were validated by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). This research provided us with new technology for the rapid and accurate determination of Pb element in rhododendron leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenwei Zhu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyang Tang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Qingzhou Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Ran Zhou
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxin Lv
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Kaiping Zhan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyou Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zeng
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang W, Zhou R, Liu K, Yan J, Li Q, Tang Z, Li X, Zeng Q, Zeng X. Sulfur determination in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with resonance Raman scattering. Talanta 2020; 216:120968. [PMID: 32456921 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur is an essential element in industry, but it is difficult to be detected by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). In this work, the disulfide radical Raman scattering was observed in sulfur plasma by combining LIBS with resonance Raman scattering (LIBS-RRS). Sulfur has been ablated by a focused laser beam to generate plasma, in which some sulfur atoms were combined to form disulfide radicals. The disulfide radical resonance Raman was excited by a 306.4 nm wavelength laser and observed at 710 and 1420 cm-1 Raman shift. Using different contents of sulfur mixed with alumina (Al2O3) powder, both LIBS and LIBS-RRS calibrations were obtained at the same ablation laser energy. The calibration curve of sulfur atomic emission S I 921.28 nm was set up, and the linear coefficient (R2) was 0.285 and the detection limit (LoD) was 13.092 wt %. While the R2 was 0.966 and LoD was 0.118 wt % for S2 710 cm-1 in LIBS-RRS. The results indicate that disulfide radical Raman scattering by LIBS-RRS is promising for the determination of sulfur content and the diagnosis of molecular evolution in plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China
| | - Ran Zhou
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China
| | - Kun Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China
| | - Jiujiang Yan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China
| | - Qingzhou Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China
| | - Zhiyang Tang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China
| | - Xiangyou Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China.
| | - Qingdong Zeng
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China; School of Physics and Electronic-information Engineering, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei, 432000, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zeng
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jiang Y, Kang J, Wang Y, Chen Y, Li R. Rapid and Sensitive Analysis of Trace Leads in Medicinal Herbs Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy-Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIBS-LIF). APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 73:1284-1291. [PMID: 31219335 DOI: 10.1177/0003702819857740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Toxic metals in medicinal herbs are potentially harmful for people taking herbal medicines. In this work, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy-laser-induced fluorescence (LIBS-LIF) spectroscopy was first applied to carry out rapid and sensitive trace lead analysis in medicinal herb samples. To overcome the problem of diversity on the sample size, shape, and density for different samples, original samples were pulverized to powder and then pressed into pellets for spectral analysis. A series of standard samples were self-made for building a calibration curve. As an exemplary study, lead in Rheum officinale was analyzed with LIBS-LIF spectroscopy with significantly improved analytical sensitivity. The R2 of the build linear calibration curve was 0.996 and the detection limit of lead in R. officinale was determined to be 0.13 ppm. The enhancement factor on the signal-to-background ratio was >100 under low lead concentrations if compared with LIBS analysis. The lead concentrations in several original R. officinale samples were quantitatively determined. This work demonstrated that LIBS-LIF can be successfully applied to carry out rapid, sensitive, and quantitative trace lead analysis for medicinal herbs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Jiang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Kang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yarui Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Chen
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runhua Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sensitive determination of silicon contents in low-alloy steels using micro laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy assisted with laser-induced fluorescence. Talanta 2019; 194:697-702. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
8
|
Nicolodelli G, Villas-Boas PR, Menegatti CR, Senesi GS, Magalhães DV, Souza DD, Milori DMBP, Marangoni BS. Determination of Pb in soils by double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy assisted by continuum wave-diode laser-induced fluorescence. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:8366-8372. [PMID: 30461790 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.008366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has attracted a lot of attention due to its potential to rapidly identify and quantify any chemical element with minimal sample preparation. Despite continuous improvements, the sensitivity of this technique still remains a challenge. In order to increase LIBS intensity, a laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) system can be coupled with LIBS to re-excite a transition of the element in the plasma by employing very expensive optical parametric oscillators (OPO). In this work, a homemade tunable continuum wave-diode laser (CW-DL) has been developed and coupled to a double pulse (DP) LIBS system to enhance the sensitivity of Pb detection in a soil sample at the transition 6s26p2-P32→6s26p7s-P31 at 405.78 nm. Before sample analysis, the production of no scattered light by the plasma was ascertained, and the optimal temperature of 10,000 K was estimated for this transition, feasible to be achieved in DP-LIBS systems. An increase of approximately 100% for the Pb I transition at 405.78 nm was obtained by DP-LIBS-CW-DL-LIF with respect to the DP-LIBS system alone. This result opens a new promising line of research to improve LIBS sensitivity using the CW-DL approach.
Collapse
|
9
|
Guo LB, Zhu ZH, Li JM, Tang Y, Tang SS, Hao ZQ, Li XY, Lu YF, Zeng XY. Determination of boron with molecular emission using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with laser-induced radical fluorescence. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:2634-2642. [PMID: 29401800 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.002634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Boron is an essential element for industry, but it is hard to accurately and rapidly determine high boron content with conventional laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), due to the matrix and self-absorption effect. Using molecular emission is an alternative method for boron content analysis, but its weak spectra are major challenges. Here, boron monoxide (BO) radicals were used to establish calibration assisted by LIBS and laser-induced radical fluorescence (LIBS-LIRF). Two types of BO radical excitations, vibrational ground state excitation (LIRFG) and vibrational excited state excitation (LIRFE), were compared. The results showed that LIRFG achieved better sensitivity with a limit of detection of 0.0993 wt.%, while the LIRFE was more accurate with a root mean square error of cross validation of 0.2514 wt.%. In conclusion, this work provided a potential approach for molecular emission analysis with LIBS-LIRF.
Collapse
|
10
|
Li J, Zhu Z, Zhou R, Zhao N, Yi R, Yang X, Li X, Guo L, Zeng X, Lu Y. Determination of Carbon Content in Steels Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Assisted with Laser-Induced Radical Fluorescence. Anal Chem 2017; 89:8134-8139. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory
for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Zhu
- Wuhan National Laboratory
for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ran Zhou
- Wuhan National Laboratory
for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Wuhan National Laboratory
for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Rongxing Yi
- Wuhan National Laboratory
for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xinyan Yang
- Wuhan National Laboratory
for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyou Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory
for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Lianbo Guo
- Wuhan National Laboratory
for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Zeng
- Wuhan National Laboratory
for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yongfeng Lu
- Wuhan National Laboratory
for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li J, Hao Z, Zhao N, Zhou R, Yi R, Tang S, Guo L, Li X, Zeng X, Lu Y. Spatially selective excitation in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with laser-induced fluorescence. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:4945-4951. [PMID: 28380761 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.004945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Spatially selective excitation was proposed to improve excitation efficiency in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with laser-induced fluorescence (LIBS-LIF). Taking chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) elements in steels as examples, it was discovered that the optimal excitation locations were the center of the plasmas for the matrix of the iron (Fe) element but the periphery for Cr and Ni elements. By focusing an excitation laser at the optimal locations, not only excitation efficiency but also the analytical accuracy and sensitivity of quantitative LIBS-LIF were better than those with excitation at the plasma center in conventional LIBS-LIF. This study provides an effective way to improve LIBS-LIF analytical performance.
Collapse
|
12
|
Calibration-free quantitative analysis of elemental ratios in intermetallic nanoalloys and nanocomposites using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). Talanta 2017; 164:330-340. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
13
|
Li K, Guo L, Li X, Hao Z, Li J, Yang X, Shen M, Zeng Q, Lu Y, Zeng X. Characteristics of spectral lines with crater development during laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2016; 55:7422-7427. [PMID: 27661384 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.007422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To study the characteristics of spectral lines with crater development during laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, the changes in the spectral line intensities of iron (Fe) and chromium (Cr) during the development of craters were investigated. Images of the plasmas formed during crater development were captured, and the temperatures and electron densities of the plasmas were calculated. The results showed that when a crater developed, the intensities of the ion lines decreased and the intensities of the atomic lines increased. This is because the plasmas generated in the crater have a higher initial emission intensity and experience more rapid cooling as the crater develops. These two effects lead to changes in the rates of decrease of ion and atomic line intensities over time. Therefore, the changes in intensities of ion lines caused by crater development differ from which of atomic lines.
Collapse
|
14
|
Detection of Trace Elements in Active Luminescent Glass Using Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Combined with Laser-induced Fluorescence. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(16)60944-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
15
|
Kang SM, Jang SC, Kim GY, Lee CS, Huh YS, Roh C. A Rapid In Situ Colorimetric Assay for Cobalt Detection by the Naked Eye. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16050626. [PMID: 27144568 PMCID: PMC4883317 DOI: 10.3390/s16050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A simple, rapid, and convenient colorimetric chemosensor of a specific target toward the end user is still required for on-site detection and real-time monitoring applications. In this study, we developed a rapid in situ colorimetric assay for cobalt detection using the naked eye. Interestingly, a yellow to light orange visual color transition was observed within 3 s when a Chrysoidine G (CG) chemosensor was exposed to cobalt. Surprisingly, the CG chemosensor had great selectivity toward cobalt without any interference of other metal ions. Under optimized conditions, a lower detection limit of 0.1 ppm via a spectrophotometer and a visual detection limit of 2 ppm with a linear range from 0.4 to 1 ppm (R2 = 0.97) were determined. Moreover, the CG chemosensor is reversible and maintains its functionality after treatment with chelating agents. In conclusion, we show the superior capabilities of the CG chemosensor, which has the potential to provide extremely facile handling, high sensitivity, and a fast response time for applications of on-site detection to real-time cobalt monitoring for the general public.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Min Kang
- Biotechnology Research Division, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212, Korea.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Sung-Chan Jang
- Biotechnology Research Division, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212, Korea.
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Korea.
| | - Gi Yong Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212, Korea.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Chang-Soo Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Korea.
| | - Changhyun Roh
- Biotechnology Research Division, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212, Korea.
- Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34113, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|