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Wang H, Jin H, Chai R, Li H, Fan J, Wang Y, Wei F, Ma S. An Analysis of Polysaccharides from Eight Plants by a Novel Heart-Cutting Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography Method. Foods 2024; 13:1173. [PMID: 38672845 PMCID: PMC11049114 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides are important active biomolecules. However, the analysis and structural characterization of polysaccharides are challenging tasks that often require multiple techniques and maps to reflect their structural features. This study aimed to propose a new heart-cutting two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) method for separating and analyzing polysaccharides to explore the multidimensional information of polysaccharide structure in a single map. That is, the first-dimension liquid chromatography (1D-LC) presents molecular-weight information, and the second-dimension liquid chromatography (2D-LC) shows the fingerprints of polysaccharides. In this 2D-LC system, the size-exclusion chromatography-hydrophilic interaction chromatography (SEC-HILIC) model was established. Coupling with a charged aerosol detector (CAD) eliminated the need for the derivatization of the polysaccharide sample, allowing the whole process to be completed within 80 min. The methods were all validated in terms of precision, linearity, stability, and repeatability. The capability of the new 2D-LC method was demonstrated in determining various species of natural polysaccharides. Our experimental data demonstrated the feasibility of the whole systematic approach, opening the door for further applications in the field of natural polysaccharide analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Wang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 102629, China
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hongyu Jin
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Ruiping Chai
- Thermo Fisher Scientific (China) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Hailiang Li
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Jing Fan
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Ying Wang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Feng Wei
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 102629, China
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Pai M, Er-bu AGA, Wu Y, Ming TW, Gaun TKW, Ye B. Total alkaloids of bulbus of Fritillaria cirrhosa alleviate bleomycin-induced inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis in rats by inhibiting TGF-β and NF-κB signaling pathway. Food Nutr Res 2023; 67:10292. [PMID: 38187805 PMCID: PMC10770707 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v67.10292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bulbus of Fritillaria cirrhosa is a medicinal and edible plant that has the functions of clearing away heat and moisturizing the lungs, resolving phlegm, and relieving coughs. Its ethanol extract has been proven to have a therapeutic effect on lung diseases. Pulmonary fibrosis is a respiratory disease that forms scars in lung tissue, leading to severe respiratory problems. However, the therapeutic effect of total alkaloids of bulbus of Fritillaria cirrhosa (BFC-TA) on pulmonary fibrosis has not been confirmed. Objective This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of total alkaloids of Fritillaria cirrhosa on pulmonary fibrosis rat model and explore its potential mechanism. Design The total alkaloids in the bulbus of Fritillaria cirrhosa were purified using cation exchange resin. The alkaloids contained in the BFC-TA were identified, and the concentration of alkaloids was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector-Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (HPLC-DAD-ELSD). Bleomycin (BLM) (5.0 mg/kg) was instilled into the trachea of 60 rats to establish a pulmonary fibrosis model. After 7 days, BFC-TA (34.2, 68.4, and 136.8 mg/kg) was administered continuously for 21 days. During this period, the body weight changes of the rats were measured, the levels of hydroxyproline (HYP) and inflammatory factors were measured in the collected serum, and the histological analysis of the lung tissue was performed by staining technology. Western blotting and quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) were used to assess the protein and gene composition of inflammation and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathways. Results Nine main components (Peimisine, Imperialine-3-β-D-glucoside, Yibeinoside A, Imperialine, Peiminine, Isopeimine, Hupehenine, Delavinone, Ebeiedinone) were determined by HPLC-DAD-ELSD, and the contents of Peimisine, Imperialine-3-β-D-glucoside and Imperialine were determined. BFC-TA (34.2, 68.4, and 136.8 mg/kg) reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory factors, increased the levels of anti-inflammatory factors, dose-dependently improved the morphology of lung tissue. And during epithelial-mesenchymal transition process, BFC-TA dose-dependently reduced the expression of E-cadherin, dose-dependently increased the expression of Fibronectin. In addition, Western blot analysis and qPCR results showed that inhibiting NF-κB and TGF-β-related signaling pathways effectively slowed down the occurrence of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. And the therapeutic effect of BFC-TA (136.8 mg/kg) is better than that of pirfenidon (PFD) (150 mg/kg). Conclusion BFC-TA effectively alleviates the progression of the BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis rat model by regulating the inflammatory response in the lungs and the expression of the TGF-β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Pai
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - AGA Er-bu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lasa, China
| | - Yexin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tse Wai Ming
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (H.K.) Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Bengui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lasa, China
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Rutz A, Wolfender JL. Automated Composition Assessment of Natural Extracts: Untargeted Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolite Profiling Integrating Semiquantitative Detection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18010-18023. [PMID: 37949451 PMCID: PMC10683005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling allow unprecedented qualitative coverage of complex biological extract composition. However, the electrospray ionization used in metabolite profiling generates multiple artifactual signals for a single analyte. This leads to thousands of signals per analysis without satisfactory means of filtering those corresponding to abundant constituents. Generic approaches are therefore needed for the qualitative and quantitative annotation of a broad range of relevant constituents. For this, we used an analytical platform combining liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with Charged Aerosol Detection (CAD). We established a generic metabolite profiling for the concomitant recording of qualitative MS data and semiquantitative CAD profiles. The MS features (recorded in high-resolution tandem MS) are grouped and annotated using state-of-the-art tools. To efficiently attribute features to their corresponding extracted and integrated CAD peaks, a custom signal pretreatment and peak-shape comparison workflow is built. This strategy allows us to automatically contextualize features at both major and minor metabolome levels, together with a detailed reporting of their annotation including relevant orthogonal information (taxonomy, retention time). Signals not attributed to CAD peaks are considered minor metabolites. Results are illustrated on an ethanolic extract of Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) H. Karst., a bitter plant of industrial interest, exhibiting the typical complexity of plant extracts as a proof of concept. This generic qualitative and quantitative approach paves the way to automatically assess the composition of single natural extracts of interest or broader collections, thus facilitating new ingredient registrations or natural-extracts-based drug discovery campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Rutz
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute
of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Yuan M, Zhou T, Lei K, Liu Y, Li M, Zeng D, Guo Y, Guo L. Identification of the Authenticity and Geographical Origin of Bear Bile Powder by Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography - Charged Aerosol Detector Fingerprints Combined with Chemometrics. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201109. [PMID: 36760194 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Bear bile powder (BBP) is a rare animal-derived traditional Chinese medicine, and it has been widely used to treat visual disorders and hepatobiliary diseases in East Asia. However, there is still a lack of reliable quality control methods for BBP. This study was designed to establish a comprehensive quality map of BBP based on bile acids. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with charged aerosol detector (HPLC-CAD) was used for fingerprint establishment and quantitative analysis of BBP. The similarities of HPLC-CAD chromatograms for 50 batches of BBP were more than 0.95, while the similarities of reference chromatograms between 6 other animal bile and BBP were low than 0.7. Additionally, five bile acids in BBP, including tauroursodeoxycholic acid, taurocholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, ursodesoxycholic acid, and chenodeoxycholic acid, were simultaneously quantified. This method has been validated with good regression as well as satisfactory precision, sensitivity, stability, repeatability, and accuracy. Using this method, the contents of five bile acids in BBP samples from five producing areas were determined and compared. Furthermore, Fisher linear discriminant analysis was performed to discriminate the geographic origins of BBP. The result demonstrated that HPLC-CAD fingerprint combined with multi-components quantification is an effective and reliable method for quality control of BBP, it could be a meaningful reference for the quality evaluation of medicinal bile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611100, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611100, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611100, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611100, China
| | - Kelu Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611100, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611100, China
| | - Yushi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611100, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611100, China
| | - Meifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611100, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611100, China
| | - Dafu Zeng
- Chengdu JINGBO Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 611100, China
| | - Yiping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611100, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611100, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611100, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611100, China
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Wang S, Wang S, Li P, Li L, Ye J. Establishment of SI-traceable purity assessment of Fumonisin B1 using a combination of quantitative 1H NMR and mass balance. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Wang Y, Hou H, Ren Q, Hu H, Yang T, Li X. Natural drug sources for respiratory diseases from Fritillaria: chemical and biological analyses. Chin Med 2021; 16:40. [PMID: 34059098 PMCID: PMC8165352 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00450-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fritillaria naturally grows in the temperate region of Northern Hemisphere and mainly distributes in Central Asia, Mediterranean region, and North America. The dried bulbs from a dozen species of this genus have been usually used as herbal medicine, named Beimu in China. Beimu had rich sources of phytochemicals and have extensively applied to respiratory diseases including coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Fritillaria species have alkaloids that act as the main active components that contribute multiple biological activities, including anti-tussive, expectorant, and anti-asthmatic effects, especially against certain respiratory diseases. Other compounds (terpenoids, steroidal saponins, and phenylpropanoids) have also been identified in species of Fritillaria. In this review, readers will discover a brief summary of traditional uses and a comprehensive description of the chemical profiles, biological properties, and analytical techniques used for quality control. In general, the detailed summary reveals 293 specialized metabolites that have been isolated and analyzed in Fritillaria species. This review may provide a scientific basis for the chemical ecology and metabolomics in which compound identification of certain species remains a limiting step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No 16, Neinanxiao Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hongping Hou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No 16, Neinanxiao Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qiang Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, 272000, China
| | - Haoyu Hu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No 16, Neinanxiao Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Tiechui Yang
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (Hong Kong) Limited, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xiwen Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No 16, Neinanxiao Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Xie M, Yu Y, Zhu Z, Deng L, Ren B, Zhang M. Simultaneous determination of six main components in Bushen Huoxue prescription by HPLC-CAD. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 201:114087. [PMID: 33932858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Bushen Huoxue prescription is a traditional Chinese medicine formula treating diabetic retinopathy, which was developed by our research group. Catalpol, puerarin, salvianolic acid B, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1 and ginsenoside Rd are six of main effective components, which could be partly representative of this prescription. The corona charged aerosol detector (corona CAD) is one kind of universal detectors equipped with the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The CAD has many advantages for the analysis of complex mixtures, but too few applications in traditional Chinese medicine compounds. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study are to establish a method for the determination of six components in Bushen Huoxue prescription, and to increase the use of the CAD in traditional Chinese medicine compounds. METHODS HPLC-CAD analysis was performed on an Inertsil ODS-SP (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of 0.5 % formic acid solution(A)-acetonitrile(B) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min (0-7 min, 1 % B; 7-12 min, 1 %-12 % B; 12-22 min, 12 %-19 % B; 22-40 min, 19 %-28 % B; 40-43 min, 28 %-33 % B; 43-50 min, 33 % B; 50-65 min, 33 %-42 % B). The column temperature maintained at 30 ℃, the injection volume was 20 μL, the atomization temperature mode was LOW, the filtration constant (filter) was 3.6 and data collection rate was 10 Hz. The methodology was examined and the linearity of regression of different functions was compared. Sixteen batches of samples were prepared and their contents were determined. RESULTS The six compounds showed a better linearity (R2 > 0.9990) in their concentration ranges when using the linear function. The average recoveries were 99.18 %-101.30 %. Although the RSD value of puerarin and ginsenoside Rg1 was slightly out of 3 % during the average recovery investigation, all the other methodological investigations of the six components were within 3 %. The precision, stability and repeatability of the method were good. In sixteen batches of Bushen Huoxue prescription samples, the contents of six components were 0.3138 %-0.6042 % for catalpol, 0.8095 %-1.2917 % for puerarin, 0.7416 %-1.1189 % for salvianolic acid B, 0.0231 %-0.0418 % for ginsenoside Rg1, 0.0702 %-0.1724 % for ginsenoside Rb1, 0.0384 %-0.1196 % for ginsenoside Rd. CONCLUSION In this experiment, a method for the determination of six components in Bushen Huoxue prescription based on HPLC-CAD was established with high accuracy, good repeatability and simple operation, and it can provide references for the improvement of quality standard of the Bushen Huoxue prescription. It is reasonable and accessible for the CAD application in the determination of traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Yueting Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Ziyu Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Liping Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Bo Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Mei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
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8
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Recent applications of the Charged Aerosol Detector for liquid chromatography in drug quality control. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1619:460911. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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9
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Zhao WJ, Chen XY, Liu YQ, Li P, Li HJ. Liquid chromatographic separation of alkaloids in herbal medicines: Current status and perspectives. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:1755-1772. [PMID: 32160388 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Alkaloids are a widespread group of basic compounds in herbal medicines and have attracted great interest due to various pharmaceutical activities and desirable druggability. Their distinctive structures make chromatographic separation fairly difficult. Peak tailing, poor resolution, and inferior column-to-column reproducibility are common obstacles to overcome. In order to provide a valuable reference, the methodologies and/or strategies on liquid chromatographic separation of alkaloids in herbal medicines proposed from 2012 to 2019 are thoroughly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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Wang QY, Dong X, Yang J, Zhen XT, Ye LH, Chu C, Wang B, Hu YH, Zheng H, Cao J. Solid acids assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction of alkaloids by capillary electrophoresis coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:3579-3588. [PMID: 31617304 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The quantification of three alkaloids is important because quantitative study is a means of assessing the reliability of the experimental method, and three alkaloids of peimine, peiminine, and peimisine are main active ingredients in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015. An effective method based on the matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction was developed for the extraction of alkaloid compounds in Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus. Target analytes were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The optimized experimental condition was that 50 mg Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus was blended homogeneously with 10 mg citric acid for 5 min. Two hundred microliters of water acidized by 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid (pH = 4.5) was selected to elute tested alkaloids. The results demonstrated that the investigated method had low limits of detection (1.32-1.59 ng/mL), good recoveries (86.63-98.12%), and reproducibility (relative standard deviations of peak areas < 0.87%). The proposed matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction coupled with capillary electrophoresis combined with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was successfully applied for the extraction of alkaloids in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yan Wang
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xin Dong
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Juan Yang
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ting Zhen
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Li-Hong Ye
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chu Chu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Lianyungang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Han Hu
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zheng
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jun Cao
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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Haidar Ahmad IA, Blasko A, Tam J, Variankaval N, Halsey HM, Hartman R, Regalado EL. Revealing the inner workings of the power function algorithm in Charged Aerosol Detection: A simple and effective approach to optimizing power function value for quantitative analysis. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1603:1-7. [PMID: 31196588 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, charged aerosol detection (CAD) has become a valuable tool for fast and efficient quantitative chromatographic analysis of drug substances with weak UV absorption. In analytical method development using CAD, the power function settings available in the instrument software are key for linearization of the signal response with respect to analyte concentration. However, the relatively poor understanding of the power function algorithm has limited a more widespread use of CAD for quantitative assays, especially in the late stage of method validation and GMP laboratories. Herein, we present an approach to understand the inner workings of the power function value (PFV), the PFV optimization algorithm, as well as a method to determine the optimum PFV based on the signals acquired at PFV = 1 (default CAD settings). The exponent and the constant in the PFV equation used for modeling follow a trend as a function of PFV. The CAD signal at any PFV was modeled based on the signal acquired at PFV = 1, the modelling was successful for two analytes at different concentration levels on two different CAD detectors of the same model. This method reveals the functionality of the PFV which substantially simplifies the workflow needed to optimize the detector signal. The accuracy between the experimental and theoretical results showed high correlation and always resulted in the same optimum PFV determined by both ways. The approach described in this investigation simplifies the selection of the optimum PFV at which the signal is more linear, the signal-to-noise is higher, and the area reproducibility is better. The power function algorithm elucidated herein enables determination of optimum PFV from minimal experimental output and excellent overall accuracy. This paper provides an approach that includes no data transformation outside the vendor software, a very important requirement to easily validate and report results in a GMP environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad A Haidar Ahmad
- Process Research & Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA.
| | - Andrei Blasko
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, San Carlos, CA, United States
| | - James Tam
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, San Carlos, CA, United States
| | - Narayan Variankaval
- Process Research & Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - Holst M Halsey
- Process Research & Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - Robert Hartman
- Process Research & Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - Erik L Regalado
- Process Research & Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA.
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Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071667. [PMID: 30987173 PMCID: PMC6479889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (FTB) has been widely used as an antitussive herb for thousands of years in China. However, FTB's traditional uses, chemical compounds and pharmacological activities have not been systematically reviewed. This study aimed to review its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and toxicity. We searched the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine to explore the historical records which indicate that it acts to clear heat, resolve phlegm, relieve cough, remove toxicity and disperse abscesses and nodules. We searched 11 databases to identify potential phytochemical or pharmacological studies. Characteristics of its chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetic and toxicity were descriptively summarized. A total of 9706 studies were identified and 83 of them were included. As a result, 134 chemical constituents were identified, including 26 alkaloids, 29 compounds found in essential oils, 13 diterpenoids, two carbohydrates, two sterols, 18 amino acids, six nucleosides, four nucleobases, four fatty acids, three lignans, and 27 elements. Thirteen pharmacological effects of FTB were identified, including anti-cancer, tracheobronchial relaxation, antitussive, expectorant, anti-muscarinic, anti-inflammation, anti-thyroid, regulation of blood rheology, antiulcer, anti-diarrhea, pain suppression, antioxidation and neuroprotection. These pharmacological activities may be mainly attributed to the alkaloids in FTB. Further phytochemical, pharmacological and network pharmacological studies are recommended.
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Fast simultaneous determination of main components and impurity sodium ion in PAMA injection by mixed-mode chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 161:407-413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Long Z, Zhan Z, Guo Z, Li Y, Yao J, Ji F, Li C, Zheng X, Ren B, Huang T. A novel two-dimensional liquid chromatography - Mass spectrometry method for direct drug impurity identification from HPLC eluent containing ion-pairing reagent in mobile phases. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1049:105-114. [PMID: 30612641 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel two dimensional liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (2D-LC-MS) method with use of a weak anion exchange column between the 1st DLC RP column and the 2nd DLC RP column (RP1-WAX-RP2) was developed and applied to identify drug impurities from MS incompatible mobile phases containing sodium 1-octanesulfonate and non-volatile buffer. The 1st DLC conditions follow exactly the original standard HPLC method recorded in Chinese Pharmacopeia (ChP), European Pharmacopeia (EP) or US Pharmacopeia (USP). An impurity fraction was collected with a built-in sample loop (100 μL) and transferred to the WAX column where 1-octanesulfonate and phosphate were trapped and removed. While, the impurity and other cations were eluted to the 2nd D column (RP2) for separation and identification by connected IT-TOF MS. Methods were programmed and applied to identify impurities in two generic drugs, sulpiride (hydrophilic drug with logP 0.57) and dobutamine (hydrophobic drug with logP 3.6). The results indicate that the methods based on RP1-WAX-RP2 column configuration offer a feasible solution for direct impurity identification in generic drug product or API without needs of off-line desalting from the MS incompatible mobile phases containing ion-pairing reagent and non-volatile buffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Long
- Shimadzu Scientific Instrument Company, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhan
- Shimadzu (Asia Pacific) Pte Ltd, 118264, Singapore
| | - Zhimou Guo
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Yueqi Li
- Shimadzu Scientific Instrument Company, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Jinting Yao
- Shimadzu Scientific Instrument Company, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Feng Ji
- Shimadzu Scientific Instrument Company, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Changkun Li
- Shimadzu Scientific Instrument Company, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Shimadzu Scientific Instrument Company, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Biao Ren
- Shimadzu Scientific Instrument Company, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Taohong Huang
- Shimadzu Scientific Instrument Company, Beijing, 100020, China
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A fast and robust hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for determining methylpentose, hexose, hexosamine and hexonic acid in pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine hydrolysates. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 155:253-261. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Yang R, Wu Z, Pu Y, Zhang T, Wang B. Fast and non–derivative method based on high–performance liquid chromatography–charged aerosol detection for the determination of fatty acids from Agastache rugosa (Fisch. et Mey.) O. Ktze. seeds. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:1969-1974. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1479699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuona Wu
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqiong Pu
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai, China
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Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy reveals the underlying compositions for FT-NIR identification of the medicinal bulbs of the genus Fritillaria. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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DONG S, YAN Z, YANG H, LONG Z. Fast and Simple Determination of 3-Aminopiperidine without Derivatization Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Charged Aerosol Detector with an Ion-Exchange/Reversed-Phase Mixed-mode Column. ANAL SCI 2017; 33:293-298. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.33.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zhang C, Sun X, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Ma F, Long Z, Liang L, Wang Y, Ma B. Quantitative Analysis of Toosendanin in the Fruit of Melia toosendan Sieb. Et Zucc (Meliaceae) by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Charged Aerosol Detection. Chromatographia 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-016-3143-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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