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Hu C, Xie B, Li H, Xiao D. A five-electrode capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector with a low limit of detection. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:2253-2261. [PMID: 37128967 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00328k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The conductivity detector is a broadly used device that allows for the highly efficient detection of analytes, and continuous efforts have been directed toward lowering the limit of detection. In this study, a five-electrode capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector (TIC4D) is proposed, which uses copper mesh between the electrodes for a grounding shield to reduce the interference of stray capacitance and noise. After adding the copper mesh shield, the difference value between the response signal and baseline at low KCl concentration is effectively increased, achieving 33 mV for 10-9 M KCl solution. Meanwhile, for the unshielded detector, the difference is only 18 mV for the KCl solution at the same concentration. The response signal shows a linear function of the logarithm at the range of 10-4 M to 10-5 M KCl solution, and the TIC4D detector displays a higher slope (0.8448) than the conventional single-input capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector (C4D: 0.5579) and dual-input capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detectors (DIC4D: 0.6173). Moreover, two TIC4D detectors are combined to achieve a dual-channel six-input differential capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector (SIDC4D), reducing the high baseline levels caused by the multi-signal input. By differentially amplifying the output signal, the high baseline levels and noise interference can be effectively reduced. For the 10-3 M KCl solution, the ratio of the response signal to baseline for SIDC4D can reach 8.500, almost 7 times that of TIC4D, and a lower limit of detection (LOD) of 3 × 10-10 M is also achieved. This work may open a new door based on coupled contactless conductivity for detection performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqiong Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Bo Xie
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Hongmei Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Dan Xiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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Tanaka H, Namikawa M, Tomiyasu N, Tanaka H, Takeuchi M. Parallel plate wet denuder coupled ammonia transfer device-conductivity detector for near-real-time monitoring of gaseous ammonia. TALANTA OPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2022.100091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Trojanowicz M, Pyszynska M. Flow-Injection Methods in Water Analysis-Recent Developments. Molecules 2022; 27:1410. [PMID: 35209198 PMCID: PMC8879103 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Widespread demand for the analysis and control of water quality and supply for human activity and ecosystem sustainability has necessitated the continuous improvement of water analysis methods in terms of their reliability, efficiency, and costs. To satisfy these requirements, flow-injection analysis using different detection methods has successfully been developed in recent decades. This review, based on about 100 original research papers, presents the achievements in this field over the past ten years. Various methodologies for establishing flow-injection measurements are reviewed, together with microfluidics and portable systems. The developed applications mostly concern not only the determination of inorganic analytes but also the speciation analysis of different elements, and the determination of several total indices of water quality. Examples of the determination of organic residues (e.g., pesticides, phenolic compounds, and surfactants) in natural surface waters, seawater, groundwater, and drinking water have also been identified. Usually, changes in the format of manual procedures for flow-injection determination results in the improvement of various operational parameters, such as the limits of detection, the sampling rate, or selectivity in different matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Trojanowicz
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 02-195 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Pyszynska
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 02-195 Warsaw, Poland;
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Hauser PC, Kubáň P. Capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection for analytical techniques - Developments from 2018 to 2020. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1632:461616. [PMID: 33096295 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The developments of analytical contactless conductivity measurements based on capacitive coupling over the two years from mid-2018 to mid-2020 are covered. This mostly concerns applications of the technique in zone electrophoresis employing conventional capillaries and to a lesser extent lab-on-chip devices. However, its use for the detection in several other flow-based analytical methods has also been reported. Detection of bubbles and measurements of flow rates in two-phase flows are also recurring themes. A few new applications in stagnant aqueous samples, e.g. endpoint detection in titrations and measurement on paper-based devices, have been reported. Some variations of the design of the measuring cells and their read-out electronics have also been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Hauser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Pavel Kubáň
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, CZ-60200, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Li D, Xu X, Li Z, Wang T, Wang C. Detection methods of ammonia nitrogen in water: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Mantim T, Chaisiwamongkhol K, Uraisin K, Hauser PC, Wilairat P, Nacapricha D. Dual-Purpose Photometric-Conductivity Detector for Simultaneous and Sequential Measurements in Flow Analysis. Molecules 2020; 25:E2284. [PMID: 32414012 PMCID: PMC7287826 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This work presents a new dual-purpose detector for photometric and conductivity measurements in flow-based analysis. The photometric detector is a paired emitter-detector diode (PEDD) device, whilst the conductivity detection employs a capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector (C4D). The flow-through detection cell is a rectangular acrylic block (ca. 2 × 2 × 1.5 cm) with cylindrical channels in Z-configuration. For the PEDD detector, the LED light source and detector are installed inside the acrylic block. The two electrodes of the C4D are silver conducting ink painted on the PEEK inlet and outlet tubing of the Z-flow cell. The dual-purpose detector is coupled with a sequential injection analysis (SIA) system for simultaneous detection of the absorbance of the orange dye and conductivity of the dissolved oral rehydration salt powder. The detector was also used for sequential measurements of creatinine and the conductivity of human urine samples. The creatinine analysis is based on colorimetric detection of the Jaffé reaction using the PEDD detector, and the conductivity of the urine, as measured by the C4D detector, is expressed in millisiemens (mS cm-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitirat Mantim
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs), Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.C.); (K.U.); (P.W.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumwit 23 Road, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Korbua Chaisiwamongkhol
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs), Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.C.); (K.U.); (P.W.)
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS), Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Kanchana Uraisin
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs), Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.C.); (K.U.); (P.W.)
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Peter C. Hauser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Prapin Wilairat
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs), Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.C.); (K.U.); (P.W.)
- National Doping Control Centre, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Duangjai Nacapricha
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs), Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.C.); (K.U.); (P.W.)
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Sonsa-Ard T, Chantipmanee N, Fukana N, Hauser PC, Wilairat P, Nacapricha D. Contactless conductivity sensor employing moist paper as absorbent for in-situ detection of generated carbon dioxide gas. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1118:44-51. [PMID: 32418603 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This work presents an unconventional use of capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector (C4D) for detection of gas absorption by moist paper with potential application for chemical analysis. To be suitable for measuring conductivity of moist paper absorbent, the C4D sensor was therefore designed in planar configuration. A layer of dry filter paper, only 20 mm × 25 mm in size, was placed on the C4D sensor and the device installed inside a specifically designed vaporization chamber. A vial (16 mm i.d., 8 mm high) containing a 150-μL solution of sodium bicarbonate was placed alongside. The filter paper was loaded with 110 μL of deionized water through an injection hole in the cover lid. A 100-μL aliquot of 2 M hydrochloric acid solution was directly dispensed into the vial through a second hole in the lid to generate CO2 gas from the bicarbonate solution. It was observed that the C4D sensor gave real-time response that corresponded to the absorption of the gas and subsequent production of H+ and HCO3- in the moist paper. The monitored signal reached a constant value at 160 s after the addition of the acid. Chemistry of the absorption process and equivalent circuit for the C4D are proposed. Direct measurement of cement powder was chosen to demonstrate the potential use of this device for quantifying the CaCO3 content of the cement. The calibration curve for 0.5-3 mg CaCO3 was linear for signals recorded at 160 s: Vdc = (0.172 ± 0.005) · (mg CaCO3) + (0.016 ± 0.009), with coefficient of determination of 0.9965. Linear calibrations were also observed when the signals were monitored at various time less than 160 s. The limit of quantitation (3 SD of intercept/slope) was 0.17 mg CaCO3. The method provided acceptable precision with %RSD of 4.6 (2 mg CaCO3, n = 10).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitaporn Sonsa-Ard
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (Firstlabs), Thailand; Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Nattapong Chantipmanee
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (Firstlabs), Thailand; Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 51, CH, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nutnaree Fukana
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (Firstlabs), Thailand; Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Peter C Hauser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 51, CH, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Prapin Wilairat
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (Firstlabs), Thailand; Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Duangjai Nacapricha
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (Firstlabs), Thailand; Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Kraikaew P, Pluangklang T, Ratanawimarnwong N, Uraisin K, Wilairat P, Mantim T, Nacapricha D. Simultaneous determination of ethanol and total sulfite in white wine using on-line cone reservoirs membraneless gas-liquid separation flow system. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Chaneam S, Kaewyai K, Mantim T, Chaisuksant R, Wilairat P, Nacapricha D. Simultaneous and direct determination of urea and creatinine in human urine using a cost-effective flow injection system equipped with in-house contactless conductivity detector and LED colorimeter. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1073:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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