1
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Qian G, Mao Y, Shuai Y, Zeng Z, Peng S, Shuai C. Enhancing bone scaffold interfacial reinforcement through in situ growth of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) on strontium carbonate: Achieving high strength and osteoimmunomodulation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 655:43-57. [PMID: 37925968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioceramics have been extensively used to improve osteogenesis of polymers because of their excellent bone-forming capabilities. However, the inadequate interfacial bonding between ceramics and polymers compromises their mechanical properties. In this study, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was grown in situ on strontium carbonate (SrCO3) to construct a core-shell SrCO3@ZIF-8, which was then added to poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) to print a SrCO3@ZIF-8/PLLA composite scaffold using selective sintering technology. First, ZIF-8 characterized by its multiple organic ligands, forms a robust interface with PLLA. Second, SrCO3 characterized by its negative zeta potential in solution, exhibits the ability to adsorb positively charged zinc ions. This, in turn, promotes the in situ growth of ZIF-8 on SrCO3, eventually achieving perfect bonding between the second phase and the PLLA matrix. Our findings indicated that the composite scaffold exhibited the highest compressive strength (21.93 MPa) and significantly promoted the osteogenic differentiation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells. Moreover, the in vivo results established that the SrCO3@ZIF-8/PLLA scaffold significantly accelerated bone regeneration efficiency in rat femur defects. The prepared scaffold, with its favorable mechanical properties and osteogenic activity, shows considerable promise for applications in bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowen Qian
- Institute of Additive Manufacturing, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Yuqian Mao
- Institute of Additive Manufacturing, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yang Shuai
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhikui Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Shuping Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Cijun Shuai
- Institute of Additive Manufacturing, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China; State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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2
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Mao Z, Chen J, Jiang D, Zhao N, Qin Y, Mao X, Fang F, Ma P. Itaconic Acid-Based Organic-Polymer Monolithic Column for Hydrophilic Capillary Electrochromatography and Its Application in Pharmaceutical Analysis. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:1554-1561. [PMID: 38222631 PMCID: PMC10785275 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Itaconic acid is an excellent hydrophilic monomer owing to the dicarboxylic group possessing strong polarity. This study reports on the preparation of a new organic-polymer monolithic column poly(itaconic acid-co-3-(acryloyloxy)-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (poly(IA-co-AHM)) featuring excellent hydrophilic chromatography ability and its application in pharmaceutical analysis. The monolithic column was successfully synthesized by using the monomer itaconic acid and the cross-linker AHM through an in situ copolymerization method. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed for the characterization of the poly(IA-co-AHM) monolithic column, and all of these demonstrated that the prepared itaconic acid-based monolithic column exhibited satisfactory permeability and a homogeneous porous structure. Owing to the carboxylic groups of itaconic acid, a cathodic electroosmotic flow (EOF) was generated on the itaconic acid-based monolithic column among the pH ranges of the mobile phase from 4.0 to 9.0. Depending on the powerful hydrophilic interactions, different kinds of polar substances, including thioureas, nucleoside drugs, sulfonamides, and polypeptides, were separated efficiently by the itaconic acid-based monoliths poly(IA-co-AHM). The separations of polar compounds were successfully realized, even at a lower level of 50% acetonitrile content on this monolithic column. The highest column efficiencies corresponding to N,N'-dimethylthiourea and idoxuridine were 102 720 and 124 267 N/m, respectively. The poly(IA-co-AHM) monolithic column displayed excellent repeatability, whose relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the retention time and peak area were both lower than 5.0%. All experimental results demonstrated that the new itaconic acid-functionalized monolithic column was greatly appropriate to separate the polar compounds under the HILIC mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkun Mao
- Department
of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People’s
Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
- Department
of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Jinxiu Chen
- Department
of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People’s
Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
- Department
of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Dandan Jiang
- Department
of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People’s
Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
- Department
of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Ningmin Zhao
- Department
of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People’s
Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
- Department
of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Yinhui Qin
- Department
of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People’s
Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
- Department
of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Xiangju Mao
- Zhengzhou
Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, CAGS, Zhengzhou 450006, China
| | - Fengqin Fang
- Department
of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People’s
Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
- Department
of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Peizhi Ma
- Department
of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People’s
Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
- Department
of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
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3
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Hu C, Feng J, Cao Y, Chen L, Li Y. Deep eutectic solvents in sample preparation and determination methods of pesticides: Recent advances and future prospects. Talanta 2024; 266:125092. [PMID: 37633040 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent advances of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in sample preparation and determination methods of pesticides in food, environmental, and biological matrices since 2019. Emphasis is placed on new DES categories and emerging microextraction techniques. The former incorporate hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents, magnetic deep eutectic solvents, and responsive switchable deep eutectic solvents, while the latter mainly include dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, liquid-liquid microextraction based on in-situ formation/decomposition of DESs, single drop microextraction, hollow fiber-liquid phase microextraction, and solid-phase microextraction. The principles, applications, advantages, and limitations of these microextraction techniques are presented. Besides, the use of DESs in chromatographic separation, electrochemical biosensors, fluorescent sensors, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy are discussed. This review is expected to provide a valuable reference for extracting and detecting pesticides or other hazardous contaminants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jianan Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yiqing Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lizhu Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China; Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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4
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Wei W, Zhao L, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Chen W, Tang S. Facile synthesis of a novel polymer/covalent organic framework@silica composite material in deep eutectic solvent for mixed-mode liquid chromatographic separation. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 191:35. [PMID: 38108891 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06116-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The solvothermal synthesis of covalent organic framework (COF) modified silica gel usually requires the use of harmful organic solvents, tedious steps, and harsh reaction conditions. In pursuit of green chemistry, a new strategy for the facile preparation of COF@SiO2 composite material was realized in this work by using a low-toxicity and low-cost deep eutectic solvent as the reaction medium. Additionally, a flexible polyacrylic acid (PAA) was introduced for the purpose of improving the hydrophilic selectivity and separation efficiency of COF@SiO2. Based on the above ideas, a novel PAA/COF@SiO2 composite was successfully developed as a liquid chromatographic packing material. Performance evaluation of the slurry-packed PAA/COF@SiO2 column showed that diverse types of analytes were effectively separated, and the retention behavior of polar nucleosides showed a U-shaped trend, indicating mixed-mode of hydrophobic/hydrophilic retention mechanisms. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the separation mechanism was largely independent of temperature. This work verifies the feasibility of synthesizing polymer/COF@SiO2 composite material in the deep eutectic solvent. This strategy provides a theoretical reference for the green and facile preparation of COF@SiO2 as an efficient liquid chromatographic stationary phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjiao Wei
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Lulu Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Yanjuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Shuangling Road, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Yuefei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Sheng Tang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China.
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5
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Kamal El-Deen A, Abdallah N, Elmansi H, Belal F, Magdy G. Applications of deep eutectic solvents in microextraction and chromatographic separation techniques: Latest developments, challenges, and prospects. Talanta 2023; 265:124813. [PMID: 37321162 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have recently sparked considerable attention in a variety of scientific and technological fields. The unique properties of DESs include biodegradability, easy preparation, low cost, and tuneability, rendering them a new and prospective alternative to hazardous solvents. Analytical chemistry is one of the most appealing fields where DESs proved to be applicable in either sample preparation or chromatographic separation. This review summarizes the new horizons dedicated to the application of DESs in microextraction and chromatographic separation. The utilization of DESs in microextraction, in chromatography as mobile phase additives, and in chromatographic material preparation processes is outlined. The enhancements in chromatographic performance achieved using DESs and any potential explanations deduced from the experimental findings were primarily discussed. An additional brief discussion on DESs preparation, characterization, and properties is addressed in this work. Finally, current challenges and future trends are also presented, supplying evidence for distinct possibilities regarding new research approaches involving DESs. This review can represent a guide and stimulate further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Kamal El-Deen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Nora Abdallah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Heba Elmansi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Fathalla Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Galal Magdy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33511, Egypt
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6
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Hu Y, Kadotani J, Kuwahara Y, Ihara H, Takafuji M. Zwitterionic polymer-terminated porous silica stationary phases for highly selective separation in hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1693:463885. [PMID: 36848731 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
We described two novel zwitterionic polymer-terminated porous silica stationary phases containing the same pyridinium cation and anions of different side chains (carboxylate and phosphonate groups) for use in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC). These two novel columns were prepared by polymerizing 4-vinylpyridine and grafting it onto a silica surface, followed by quaternization reaction with 3-bromopropionic acid (Sil-VPC24) and (3-bromopropyl) phosphonic acid (Sil-VPP24), which possess positively charged pyridinium groups, and negatively charged carboxylate and phosphonate groups, respectively. The products obtained were verified through relevant characterization techniques such as elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Zeta potential analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. The retention properties and mechanisms of different types of compounds (neutral, cationic, and anionic) on the two zwitterionic-modified silica stationary phases were studied by varying the buffer salt concentration and pH of the eluent. The separation of phenol and aromatic acids, disubstituted benzene isomers, sulfonamide drugs, as well as nucleosides/nucleobases were investigated on the two packed novel columns and a commercial zwitterionic column in identical HILIC mode, ensuring a thorough comparison between both novel columns and with a commercial standard. The results illustrated that various compounds could be separated up to various efficiencies based on the mechanism of hydrophilic interaction-based retention between the solutes and the two zwitterionic polymer stationary phases. The Sil-VPP24 column demonstrated the best separation performance out of the three, as well as flexible selectivity and excellent resolution. Both novel columns exhibited excellent stability and chromatographic repeatability for the separation of seven nucleosides and bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Hu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Jun Kadotani
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kuwahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College, 905, Henoko, Okinawa 905-2192, Japan
| | - Makoto Takafuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
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7
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Preparation, Characterization, and Chromatographic Evaluation of Nickel Oxide Deposited Silica Stationary Phase in Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography. Chromatographia 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-023-04235-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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8
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Ahmer MF, Ullah Q. Development and applications of deep eutectic solvents in different chromatographic techniques. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00764-022-00216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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9
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A Compendium of the Principal Stationary Phases Used in Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography: Where Have We Arrived? SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) today is a well-known and largely applied technique to analyse polar compounds such as pharmaceuticals, metabolites, proteins, peptides, amino acids, oligonucleotides, and carbohydrates. Due to the large number of stationary phases employed for HILIC applications, this review aims to help the reader in choosing a proper stationary phase, which often represents the critical point for the success of a separation. A great offer is present for achiral applications in contrast to the chiral phases developed for HILIC enantioseparations. In the last case, up-to-date solutions are presented.
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10
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Polyelectrolyte-grafted anion exchangers with hydrophilic intermediate layers for ion chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1682:463498. [PMID: 36166883 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The hydrophobicity of polymer-based anion exchangers is a persistent problem in suppressed anionic chromatography (SAC) due to its adverse effect on chromatographic performance. Herein we describe polyelectrolyte-grafted anion exchangers with modified hydrophilic intermediate layers. The anion exchangers were functionalized by successively grafting a linear cationic condensation polymer (LCCP), a preprepared polyelectrolyte. The carboxylic/hydroxylic intermediate layers formed during thiol-radical-mediated polymerization exert distinct effects on the phase capacity and hydrophobicity. The separation of typical inorganic anions, polarizable anions, and organic acids shows that the anion exchangers display good performance in SAC mode.
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11
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Deep eutectic solvents-derivated carbon dots-decorated silica stationary phase with enhanced separation selectivity in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1681:463425. [PMID: 36054993 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, deep eutectic solvents-based carbon dots (DESCDs) were prepared and bonded to the silica surface for the first time to form a new hydrophobic chromatographic stationary phase (Sil-DESCDs). The successful preparation of DESCDs and Sil-DESCDs were demonstrated by a series of characterizations including transmission electron microscopies, laser scanning confocal microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, elemental analysis, etc. Retention behavior of Sil-DESCDs was evaluated using Tanaka and Engelhardt standard test mixtures. The results showed that this new stationary phase had excellent separation performance for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, flavonoids, aromatic amines and phenolic compounds. Excellent separation selectivity for the 3-phenylene ring isomers including phenanthrene and anthracene, the 4-phenylene ring isomers including pyrene, triphenylene, chrysene and 1,2-benzanthracene was also obtained. Especially, prednisolone and hydrocortisone, which have very similar structures, can be separated using pure water as the mobile phase. In addition, the flavonoids in Astragalus extracts including calycosin-7-glucoside, ononin, calycosin and formononetin were determined using this new column, their concentrations were 0.050, 0.031, 0.023 and 0.034 mg/mL, respectively.
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Momotko M, Łuczak J, Przyjazny A, Boczkaj G. A natural deep eutectic solvent - protonated L-proline-xylitol - based stationary phase for gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1676:463238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Guo Y. A Survey of Polar Stationary Phases for Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography and Recent Progress in Understanding Retention and Selectivity. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5332. [PMID: 35001408 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Various polar stationary phases have become available for hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) and help drive continuous applications in biomedical, environmental and pharmaceutical areas in the past decade. Although the stationary phases for HILIC have been reviewed previously, it is an appropriate time to take another look at the progresses during the past five years. The current review provides an overview of the polar stationary phases commercially available for HILIC applications in an effort to assist scientists in selecting suitable columns. New types of stationary phase that were published in literature in the past five years are summarized and discussed. The trend in stationary phase research and development is also highlighted. Of particular interest is the experimental evidence for direct interactions of polar analytes with the ligands of the stationary phases under HILIC conditions. In addition, two different approaches have been developed to delineate the relative significance of the partitioning and adsorption mechanisms in HILIC, representing an important advancement in our understanding of the retention mechanisms in HILIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Guo
- School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Fairleigh Dickinson University, New Jersey, USA
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14
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Bo C, Li Y, Liu B, Jia Z, Dai X, Gong B. Grafting copolymer brushes on polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes silsesquioxane-decorated silica stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1659:462627. [PMID: 34700183 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A strategy is proposed to develop a stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) using the synergistic effect of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) and copolymer brushes. Octahedral octa-aminopropylsisesquioxane (8NH2-POSS) was first bound to silica gel, followed by bromination to form a cubic initiator. Then, using acrylamide (AM) and dihydroxypropyl methacrylate (DPMA) as mixed monomers, surface initiated-atom transfer radical polymerization was conducted to prepare a stationary phase comprising cubic copolymer brushes with amide and diol groups. The characterization of the stationary phase confirmed the successful synthesis of Sil-NH2-POSS/Poly(AM-co-DPMA). The chromatographic properties were investigated using nucleosides, organic acids and β-agonists to find that our designed column has superior hydrophilic property, better separation performance compared with classical HILIC columns consisting of diol- or amino-modified silica. The systematic investigation of the retention mechanism and separation selectivity using various types of polar compounds revealed that Sil-NH2-POSS/Poly(AM-co-DPMA) follows a mixed-mode retention composed of HILIC and electrostatic interactions. Besides, it exhibits good column efficiency and stability. The role of 8NH2-POSS in the separation was evaluated by comparing the performance of Sil-NH2-POSS/Poly(AM-co-DPMA) and poly(AM-co-DPMA)-modified silica without 8NH2-POSS. In conclusion, our designed based on POSS and hydrophilic copolymer brushes can contribute to the development of HILIC separation materials with enhanced performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmiao Bo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, No. 204 Wenchang North Street, Xixia District, Yinchuan 750021, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Solar Chemical Conversion Technology, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021,China; Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Yan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, No. 204 Wenchang North Street, Xixia District, Yinchuan 750021, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Solar Chemical Conversion Technology, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021,China; Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, No. 204 Wenchang North Street, Xixia District, Yinchuan 750021, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Solar Chemical Conversion Technology, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021,China; Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Zhuanhong Jia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xiaojun Dai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Bolin Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, No. 204 Wenchang North Street, Xixia District, Yinchuan 750021, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Solar Chemical Conversion Technology, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021,China; Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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15
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Kawamoto N, Hu Y, Kuwahara Y, Ihara H, Takafuji M. A Molecular Shape Recognitive HPLC Stationary Phase Based on a Highly Ordered Amphiphilic Glutamide Molecular Gel. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1574. [PMID: 34203819 PMCID: PMC8232745 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chiral glutamide-derived lipids form self-assembled fibrous molecular gels that can be used as HPLC organic phases. In this study, HPLC separation efficiency was improved through the addition of branched amphiphilic glutamide lipids to the side chains of a terminally immobilized flexible polymer backbone. Poly(4-vinylpyridine) with a trimethoxysilyl group at one end was grafted onto the surface of porous silica particles (Sil-VP15, polymerization degree = 15), and the pyridyl side chains were quaternized with a glutamide lipid having a bromide group (BrG). Elemental analysis indicated that the total amount of the organic phase of the prepared stationary phase (Sil-VPG15) was 38.0 wt%, and the quaternization degree of the pyridyl groups was determined to be 32.5%. Differential scanning calorimetric analysis of a methanol suspension of Sil-VPG15 indicated that the G moieties formed a highly ordered structure below the phase transition temperature even on the silica surface, and the ordered G moieties exhibited a gel-to-liquid crystalline phase transition. Compared with a commercially available octadecylated silica column, the Sil-VPG15 stationary phase showed high selectivity toward polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and particularly excellent separations were obtained for geometrical and positional isomers. Sil-VPG15 also showed highly selective separation for phenol derivatives, and bio-related molecules containing phenolic groups such as steroids were successfully separated. These separation abilities are probably due to multiple interactions between the elutes and the highly ordered functional groups, such as the pyridinium and amide groups, on the highly ordered molecular gel having self-assembling G moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kawamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; (N.K.); (Y.H.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yongxing Hu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; (N.K.); (Y.H.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yutaka Kuwahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; (N.K.); (Y.H.); (Y.K.)
| | - Hirotaka Ihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; (N.K.); (Y.H.); (Y.K.)
- National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College, 905 Henoko, Nago, Okinawa 905-2192, Japan
| | - Makoto Takafuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; (N.K.); (Y.H.); (Y.K.)
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Performance evaluation of silica microspheres functionalized by different amine-ligands for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1640:461967. [PMID: 33582513 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this work, for the first time five amine-ligands including mono-amine, di-amine, tri-amine, secondary and tertiary amine, were functionalized on mesoporous micro-silicas and developed as stationary phases for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC). The investigations about the retention mechanisms, effects of different chromatographic conditions and stability were systematically conducted. Three kinds of polar and hydrophilic compounds (saccharides, sulfonamides, nucleosides and nucleobases) were selected as probe molecules to evaluate their separation performances. Among the five stationary phases, only aminopropyl-bonded silica has already gained wide developments and applications. Whereas, there are no related researches about the other four to be utilized as separation media. By a series of chromatographic evaluations, the results revealed the other four mesoporous micro-silica materials functionalized with di-amine, tri-amine, secondary and tertiary amine, had great potential to be explored as novel stationary phases of HILIC. Particularly, the two stationary phases functionalized with di-amine and tri-amine exhibited outstanding separation and retention abilities. This work offered some insights on the understanding of retention in HILIC mode and provided us possibility to explore other amine-based HILIC stationary phases.
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Płotka-Wasylka J, Rutkowska M, de la Guardia M. Are deep eutectic solvents useful in chromatography? A short review. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1639:461918. [PMID: 33540182 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A literature update has been done concerning Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) use in chromatography applications. The literature survey was based on the period from 2010 till 2020 and manuscripts reported in the data bases Web of Science and Scopus. The use of DES as mobile phase and mobile phase additives, stationary phases and solid phase modifiers and the use of DES as reaction solvents for chromatography use, were evaluated. Emphasis was placed on the differentiation of DES and Ionic Liquids (ILs) and the advanced green characteristics of the new solvents as compared with traditional organic solvents and ILs with a look into the drawbacks and future perspectives in the field of separation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, PL-80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Rutkowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, PL-80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Miguel de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
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Development and applications of deep eutectic solvent derived functional materials in chromatographic separation. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:1098-1121. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Zhou H, Chen J, Li H, Quan K, Zhang Y, Qiu H. Imidazolium ionic liquid-enhanced poly(quinine)-modified silica as a new multi-mode chromatographic stationary phase for separation of achiral and chiral compounds. Talanta 2020; 211:120743. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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21
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Mao Z, Li Z, Hu C, Liu Y, Cao Z, Chen Z. Strong hydrophilic monolithic column functionalized with amphiphilic benzyl quinine for capillary electrochromatography and application in pharmaceutical analysis. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1621:461031. [PMID: 32201038 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An innovative strong hydrophilic organic polymer monolithic column of poly(N-benzylquininium chloride-co-1, 3, 5-triacryloylhexahydro-1, 3, 5-triazine) (poly(NBQ-co-TAT)) has been successfully synthesized through in situ copolymerization for capillary electrochromatography. The amphiphilic monomer NBQ and the strong polar cross-linker TAT are firstly used in hydrophilic electrochromatography by taking advantage of the exhibition of hydrophilicity at lower levels of organic solvent and ease formation of porous structure. The monolithic column poly(NBQ-co-TAT) shows powerful hydrophilic selectivity with mobile phase containing more than 60% organic solvent. The introduction of NBQ and TAT enlarges the sources of functional monomers and cross-linkers for HILIC. Due to the presence of the positively charged group in NBQ, an anodic electroosmotic flow is generated with the change of pH values from 2.0 to 12.0. The monolithic column was used for the separations of thioureas, phenols, xanthines, nucleobases, acidic substances and pharmaceuticals. The highest column efficiency for N, N'-dimethylthiourea is 1.15 × 105 N m-1. The application of the monolithic column for a real sample, cytochrome C digestion indicates its great potential in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10080, China
| | - Zhentao Li
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Changjun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yikun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10080, China.
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Obradović D, Komsta Ł, Agbaba D. Novel computational approaches to retention modeling in dual hydrophilic interactions/reversed phase chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1619:460951. [PMID: 32085914 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The mixed-mode chromatographic behavior was estimated for imidazoline and serotonin receptor ligands, and their related compounds on dual hydrophilic/reversed phase stationary phase. The Box-Cox transformation was used to obtain the most suitable mathematical equations which describe the mixed-mode retention. Optimal equations were found for the optimization parameter (λ): λ = -1, λ = -0.5, λ = 0, λ = 0.5, and λ = 1. The proposed equations show satisfactory characteristics compared to standard multimodal and quadratic approaches. For a wide range of volume fractions of the mobile phase modifier, crossing between hydrophilic and reversed phase interactions (the turning point) was defined in terms of the minimal retention and the minimum value of the volume fraction of the aqueous eluent in the mobile phase. The cubic spline interpolation was used as a reference method for estimation of the turning point. It was found out that the newly proposed equations can be used as alternative mathematical forms for the description of the dual retention mechanism and for the evaluation of the turning point. Three new experimental descriptors of the mixed-mode retention were proposed. Two descriptors quantitatively characterize hydrophilic (log kH) and reversed phase (log kR) interactions, while the third one (log kA) refers to the average retention for the whole HILIC/RP range. It was established that the main factors which control dual nature of the mixed-mode retention are lipophilicity, dipol-dipol, van der Waals and hydrogen bonding interactions. It was concluded that the newly proposed estimations of the retention data reliably characterize the mixed-mode chromatographic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darija Obradović
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Łukasz Komsta
- Chair and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Danica Agbaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Hu Y, Cai T, Zhang H, Chen J, Li Z, Zhao L, Li Z, Qiu H. Two copolymer-grafted silica stationary phases prepared by surface thiol-ene click reaction in deep eutectic solvents for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1609:460446. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Liu H, Jiang L, Lu M, Liu G, Li T, Xu X, Li L, Lin H, Lv J, Huang X, Xu D. Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction of Pyrethroid Pesticides from Environmental Water Samples Using Deep Eutectic Solvent-type Surfactant Modified Magnetic Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8. Molecules 2019; 24:E4038. [PMID: 31703405 PMCID: PMC6891655 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple, sensitive and effective magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) technique was developed for the extraction of pyrethroid pesticides from environmental water samples, followed by gas chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry determination. An adsorbent of magnetic zeolitic imidazolate framework-8@deep eutectic solvent (M-ZIF-8@DES) was prepared using deep eutectic solvent coated on the surface of M-ZIF-8. The features of M-ZIF-8@DES were confirmed by material characterizations, and the results indicated that M-ZIF-8@DES has a good magnetism (61.3 emu g-1), a decent surface area (96.83 m2 g-1) and pore volume (0.292 mL g-1). Single factor experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of different conditions on the performance of MSPE. Under the optimal conditions, the developed method performs good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9916) in the concentration range of 1-500 μg L-1. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.05-0.21 μg L-1 (signal/noise = 3/1). The intraday relative standard deviation (RSD) and interday RSD were less than 9.40%. Finally, the proposed technique was applied for the determination of pyrethroid pesticides in environmental water samples. This work shows the potential of DES-modified metal-organic frameworks for different sample pretreatment techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Liu
- School of Life Science and Food Engeneering, Hebei University of Engeneering, Handan 056000, China
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lihua Jiang
- School of Life Science and Food Engeneering, Hebei University of Engeneering, Handan 056000, China
| | - Meng Lu
- School of Life Science and Food Engeneering, Hebei University of Engeneering, Handan 056000, China
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guangyang Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tengfei Li
- School of Life Science and Food Engeneering, Hebei University of Engeneering, Handan 056000, China
| | - Xiaomin Xu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lingyun Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huan Lin
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Donghui Xu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100081, China
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Tang W, Row KH. Fabrication of Water-Compatible Molecularly Imprinted Resin in a Hydrophilic Deep Eutectic Solvent for the Determination and Purification of Quinolones in Wastewaters. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11050871. [PMID: 31086066 PMCID: PMC6571955 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel water-compatible molecularly imprinted resin was prepared in a green solvent deep eutectic solvent (DES). Resorcinol and melamine, as functional monomers with an abundant hydrophilic group, such as –OH, –NH2 and –NH–, were introduced into the molecularly imprinted resin (MIR). Three DESs (choline chloride-ethylene glycol, tetramethylammonium bromide-ethylene glycol and tetramethylammonium chloride-ethylene glycol) were used to synthesize the molecularly imprinted resin and the resulting deep eutectic solvent-based molecularly imprinted resins were characterized by particle size analysis, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The resulting deep eutectic solvent-based molecularly imprinted resins were then applied to the adsorption of quinolones (ofloxacin) in water. The adsorption process of deep eutectic solvent-based molecularly imprinted resin followed the static adsorption model, Langmuir isotherm (R2 ≥ 0.9618) and kinetic model pseudo-second-order (R2 > 0.9814). The highest theory adsorption ability of the three kinds of deep eutectic solvent-based molecularly imprinted resins was more than 23.79 mg/g. The choline chloride-ethylene glycol-based MIR was applied to solid-phase extraction for the determination and purification of quinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin). The detection limit of deep eutectic solvent-based molecularly imprinted resin-solid-phase extraction method was less than 0.018 mg/L. The recoveries of the deep eutectic solvent-based molecularly imprinted resin-solid-phase extraction method at three spiked levels were 88.7–94.5%, with a relative standard deviation of ≤4.8%. The novel deep eutectic solvent-based molecularly imprinted resin-solid-phase extraction method is a simple, selective and accurate pre-treatment method and can be used to determine the quinolones in environmental water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyang Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-701, Korea.
| | - Kyung Ho Row
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-701, Korea.
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Ali MC, Chen J, Zhang H, Li Z, Zhao L, Qiu H. Effective extraction of flavonoids from Lycium barbarum L. fruits by deep eutectic solvents-based ultrasound-assisted extraction. Talanta 2019; 203:16-22. [PMID: 31202321 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The efficient extraction of natural products from biomass is deemed an essential area of interest using green technology in the pharmaceutical and biochemical industries. In recent years, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been paying broad interest as compatible, safe, and inexpensive solvents. In this study, we addressed, for the first time, to give a fruitful illustration to extract bioactive compounds from favourite Lycium barbarum L. fruits using DESs as green designer solvents, and displaying the tuneability of DESs to extract bioactive compounds from biomass efficiently. Among the studied DESs, the 1 : 2 M mixture of choline chloride and p-toluene sulfonic acid (DESs-6) with an ultra-sound assisted extraction (UAE) method was more efficient to get high extraction yields of flavonoids including myricetin (57.2 mg/g), morin (12.7 mg/g), and rutin (9.1 mg/g) in net DESs. The resulting extraction method in which 50 mg of sample powder was extracted by UAE for 1.5 h using DESs-6 was found to be a more efficient process than conventional extraction methods such as heating plus stirring. Operational conditions including the extractant to sample solid ratio, the effect of water content, the effect of temperature, recycling of DESs, and the effect of ultra-sound irradiation time were investigated. The proposed DESs based extraction procedure attained recovery for flavonoids were in the range 75.6%-96.9%. Therefore, p-toluenesulfonic acid-based DESs may have strong potential as promising materials for the green and efficient extraction of pharmaceutical compounds from other plants or fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Chand Ali
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources/Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources/Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Haijuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources/Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Zhan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources/Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Liang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources/Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources/Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
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