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Prygiel M, Mosiej E, Polak M, Krysztopa-Grzybowska K, Wdowiak K, Formińska K, Zasada AA. Challenges of Diphtheria Toxin Detection. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:245. [PMID: 38922140 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16060245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Diphtheria toxin (DT) is the main virulence factor of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis. Moreover, new Corynebacterium species with the potential to produce diphtheria toxin have also been described. Therefore, the detection of the toxin is the most important test in the microbiological diagnosis of diphtheria and other corynebacteria infections. Since the first demonstration in 1888 that DT is a major virulence factor of C. diphtheriae, responsible for the systemic manifestation of the disease, various methods for DT detection have been developed, but the diagnostic usefulness of most of them has not been confirmed on a sufficiently large group of samples. Despite substantial progress in the science and diagnostics of infectious diseases, the Elek test is still the basic recommended diagnostic test for DT detection. The challenge here is the poor availability of an antitoxin and declining experience even in reference laboratories due to the low prevalence of diphtheria in developed countries. However, recent and very promising assays have been developed with the potential for use as rapid point-of-care testing (POCT), such as ICS and LFIA for toxin detection, LAMP for tox gene detection, and biosensors for both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Prygiel
- Department of Sera and Vaccines Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Mosiej
- Department of Sera and Vaccines Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Polak
- Department of Sera and Vaccines Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Krysztopa-Grzybowska
- Department of Sera and Vaccines Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Wdowiak
- Department of Sera and Vaccines Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Formińska
- Department of Sera and Vaccines Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra A Zasada
- Department of Sera and Vaccines Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
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Xing Y, Zhang Y, Zhu X, Wang C, Zhang T, Cheng F, Qu J, Peijnenburg WJGM. A highly selective and sensitive electrochemical sensor for tetracycline resistant genes detection based on the non-covalent interaction of graphene oxide and nucleobase. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167615. [PMID: 37806581 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are causing worldwide environmental problems, however, the traditional analytical methods and test equipment for them are time-consuming and expensive. The electrochemical sensor using the non-covalent bond between graphene oxide (GO) and single-stranded tet (ss-tet) was established for specific tetracycline resistance genes (tet, composed of ss-tet and complementary ss-tet (ss-tet') in water) detection, which preparation time was only 35 min and far less than most reported sensors based on covalent bond. As the result of the detection for tet, the developed sensor not only had the low detection limit of 50.0 pM (8.1 × 102 copies·mL-1), the short detection time within 42 min, but also had satisfactory stability, excellent reproducibility, and highly selectivity (RSD < 4.43 %). Besides, it also had acceptable accuracy comparing to the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and PCR array in tet detection. Noticeably, it also had been successfully applied to tetA detection in different water samples. In brief, the prepared non-covalent bond sensor is simple, rapid, and suitable for highly selective and sensitive detection of the ARGs in actual water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xing
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Chengzhi Wang
- Center for Water Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Fangyuan Cheng
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Jiao Qu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
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Lei Y, Wang K, Yang JY, Lin XH, Liu AL. Sequence-specific amperometric detection based on a double-probe mode and enzyme-mediated multiple signal electrocatalysis for the double-stranded DNA of PML/RARα-related fusion gene. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1231:340436. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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The first diagnostic test for specific detection of Mycobacterium simiae using an electrochemical label-free DNA nanobiosensor. Talanta 2022; 238:123049. [PMID: 34801906 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium simiae has been reported to be the most prevalent species of Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in many countries. As both phenotypic and molecular detection of M. simiae and other NTMs have limitations, finding an accurate, fast, and low-cost diagnostic method is critical for the management of infections. Here, we report the development of a new type of label-free electrochemical biosensor using a gold electrode decorated with l-cysteine/PAMAM dendrimer for specific targeting of M. simiae ITS sequence. DNA hybridization was monitored by measuring changes in the free guanine electrical signal with changing ssDNA target concentrations by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied for the optimization of variables affecting biosensor response. Under optimal conditions, the biosensor revealed a wide linear range from 10-14 M to 10-6 M and a detection limit of 1.40 fM. The fabricated biosensor showed an excellent selectivity to M. simiae in the presence of other similar pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, experimental results confirmed that this biosensor exhibited great precision and high reproducibility, hence provides a low-cost, label-free, and faster detection analysis, representing a novel strategy in detecting other NTMs.
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Ameku WA, Ataide VN, Costa ET, Gomes LR, Napoleão-Pêgo P, William Provance D, Paixão TRLC, Salles MO, De-Simone SG. A Pencil-Lead Immunosensor for the Rapid Electrochemical Measurement of Anti-Diphtheria Toxin Antibodies. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:489. [PMID: 34940247 PMCID: PMC8699316 DOI: 10.3390/bios11120489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Diphtheria is a vaccine-preventable disease, yet immunization can wane over time to non-protective levels. We have developed a low-cost, miniaturized electroanalytical biosensor to quantify anti-diphtheria toxin (DTx) immunoglobulin G (anti-DTx IgG) antibody to minimize the risk for localized outbreaks. Two epitopes specific to DTx and recognized by antibodies generated post-vaccination were selected to create a bi-epitope peptide, biEP, by synthesizing the epitopes in tandem. The biEP peptide was conjugated to the surface of a pencil-lead electrode (PLE) integrated into a portable electrode holder. Captured anti-DTx IgG was measured by square wave voltammetry from the generation of hydroquinone (HQ) from the resulting immunocomplex. The performance of the biEP reagent presented high selectivity and specificity for DTx. Under the optimized working conditions, a logarithmic calibration curve showed good linearity over the concentration range of 10-5-10-1 IU mL-1 and achieved a limit of detection of 5 × 10-6 IU mL-1. The final device proved suitable for interrogating the immunity level against DTx in actual serum samples. Results showed good agreement with those obtained from a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, the flexibility for conjugating other capture molecules to PLEs suggests that this technology could be easily adapted to the diagnoses of other pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson A. Ameku
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS)/National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Populations Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (W.A.A.); (L.R.G.); (P.N.-P.); (D.W.P.J.)
| | - Vanessa N. Ataide
- Electronic Languages and Electrochemical Sensors Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (V.N.A.); (E.T.C.); (T.R.L.C.P.)
| | - Eric T. Costa
- Electronic Languages and Electrochemical Sensors Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (V.N.A.); (E.T.C.); (T.R.L.C.P.)
| | - Larissa R. Gomes
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS)/National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Populations Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (W.A.A.); (L.R.G.); (P.N.-P.); (D.W.P.J.)
| | - Paloma Napoleão-Pêgo
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS)/National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Populations Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (W.A.A.); (L.R.G.); (P.N.-P.); (D.W.P.J.)
| | - David William Provance
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS)/National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Populations Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (W.A.A.); (L.R.G.); (P.N.-P.); (D.W.P.J.)
| | - Thiago R. L. C. Paixão
- Electronic Languages and Electrochemical Sensors Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (V.N.A.); (E.T.C.); (T.R.L.C.P.)
- National Institute of Bioanalytical Science and Technology, Campinas 13084-971, Brazil
| | - Maiara O. Salles
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil;
| | - Salvatore Giovanni De-Simone
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS)/National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Populations Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (W.A.A.); (L.R.G.); (P.N.-P.); (D.W.P.J.)
- Cellular and Molecular Department, Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil
- Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
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Zhang YY, Guillon FX, Griveau S, Bedioui F, Lazerges M, Slim C. Evolution of nucleic acids biosensors detection limit III. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:943-968. [PMID: 34668044 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03722-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This review is an update of two previous ones focusing on the limit of detection of electrochemical nucleic acid biosensors allowing direct detection of nucleic acid target (miRNA, mRNA, DNA) after hybridization event. A classification founded on the nature of the electrochemical transduction pathway is established. It provides an overall picture of the detection limit evolution of the various sensor architectures developed during the last three decades and a critical report of recent strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan Zhang
- Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (iCLeHS), Synthesis, Electrochemistry, Imaging and Analytical Systems for Diagnosis (SEISAD) Team, PSL Research University, CNRS, Chimie ParisTech, 75231, Paris, France
| | - François-Xavier Guillon
- Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (iCLeHS), Synthesis, Electrochemistry, Imaging and Analytical Systems for Diagnosis (SEISAD) Team, PSL Research University, CNRS, Chimie ParisTech, 75231, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Griveau
- Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (iCLeHS), Synthesis, Electrochemistry, Imaging and Analytical Systems for Diagnosis (SEISAD) Team, PSL Research University, CNRS, Chimie ParisTech, 75231, Paris, France
| | - Fethi Bedioui
- Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (iCLeHS), Synthesis, Electrochemistry, Imaging and Analytical Systems for Diagnosis (SEISAD) Team, PSL Research University, CNRS, Chimie ParisTech, 75231, Paris, France.
| | - Mathieu Lazerges
- Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Université de Paris, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Cyrine Slim
- Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (iCLeHS), Synthesis, Electrochemistry, Imaging and Analytical Systems for Diagnosis (SEISAD) Team, PSL Research University, CNRS, Chimie ParisTech, 75231, Paris, France.
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