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Ghosh S, Lai JY. Recent advances in the design of intracellular pH sensing nanoprobes based on organic and inorganic materials. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:117089. [PMID: 37683789 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
In the biological system, the intracellular pH (pHi) plays an important role in regulating diverse physiological activities, including enzymatic action, ion transport, cell proliferation, metabolism, and programmed cell death. The monitoring of pH inside living cells is also crucial for studying cellular events such as phagocytosis, endocytosis, and receptor-ligand internalization. Furthermore, some organelles, viz., endosomes and lysosomes, have intracompartmental pH, which is critical for maintaining the stability of protein structure and function. The dysfunction and abnormal pH regulation can result in terminal diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer, and so forth. Therefore, the accuracy of intracellular pH measurement is always the top priority and demands cutting-edge research and analysis. Such techniques, such as Raman spectroscopy and fluorescence imaging, preferably use nanotechnology due to their remarkable advantages, such as a non-invasive approach and providing accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility. In the past decades, there have been numerous attempts to design and construct non-invasive organic and inorganic materials-based nanoprobes for pHi sensing. For Raman-based techniques, metal nanostructures such as Au/Ag/Cu nanoparticles are utilized to enhance the signal intensity. As for the fluorescence-based studies, the organic-based small molecules, such as dyes, show higher sensitivity toward pH. However, they possess several drawbacks, including high photobleaching rate, and autofluorescence background signals. To this end, there are alternative nanomaterials proposed, including semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), carbon QDs, upconversion nanoparticles, and so forth. Moreover, the fluorescence technique allows for ratiometric measurement of pHi, which as a result, offers a reliable calibration curve. This timely review will critically examine the current progression in the existing nanoprobes. In addition, based on our knowledge and available research findings, we provide a brief future outlook that may advance the state-of-the-art methodologies for pHi sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Ghosh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Yang Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan; Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 24301, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan.
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Liu C, Wang X, Zhu H, Wang K, Yu M, Zhang Y, Su M, Rong X, Sheng W, Zhu B. Multifunctional Theranostic Probe Based on the Pim-1 Kinase Inhibitor with the Function of Tracking pH Fluctuations during Treatment. Anal Chem 2023; 95:11732-11740. [PMID: 37490364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Currently, kinase inhibitors have been applied in the diagnosis or treatment of cancer with their unique advantages. It is of great significance to develop some comprehensive theranostic reagents based on kinase inhibitors to improve the performance of reagents for biomedical applications. Besides, tracking changes in the intracellular environment (e.g., pH) during cancer development and drug delivery is also critical for cancer research and treatment. Therefore, it is an urgent desire to design some novel multifunctional reagents based on kinase inhibitor strategies that can trace changes in the microenvironment of cancer cells. In this paper, a multifunctional theranostic reagent based on Pim-1 kinase inhibitor 5-bromobenzofuran-2-carboxylic acid is proposed. The theranostic probe binds to tumor-specific Pim-1 kinase, releases strong fluorescence, and produces cytotoxicity, thus achieving cell screening and killing effects. Furthermore, the probe can specifically target lysosomes and sensitively respond to pH. It can be used to track the pH changes in the intracellular environment under conditions of autophagy and external stimulation, as a visual tool to monitor pH fluctuations during cancer treatment. In conclusion, this simple but multifunctional theranostic reagent proposed in this work is expected to provide a promising method for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Hanchuang Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Miaohui Yu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Meijun Su
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Xiaodi Rong
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Wenlong Sheng
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Baocun Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
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Chu N, Cong L, Yue J, Xu W, Xu S. Fluorescent Imaging Probe Targeting Mitochondria Based on Supramolecular Host-Guest Assembly and Disassembly. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:34268-34277. [PMID: 36188319 PMCID: PMC9520549 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent dyes and probes play an indispensable role in bioimaging. The mitochondrion is one of the crucial organelles which takes charge of energy production and is the primary site of aerobic respiration in the cell. To illuminate mitochondria, a series of supramolecular fluorescent imaging probes were developed based on the host-guest assembly of 1,4-bis[2-(4-pyridyl)ethenyl]-benzene (BPEB) derivatives and cucurbituril[6] (CB[6]). These host-guest conjugates can be efficiently internalized into cells due to their water solubility and target mitochondria according to their positive charges. In response to the intracellular microenvironments, these conjugates start dynamic disassembly. The released BPEBs show a highly hydrophobic feature, which can crystallize to form fluorescent solids that illuminate the mitochondria. The intracellular disassembly of the host-guest probes was evidenced by fluorescence lifetime imaging in situ. These smart mitochondrion-targeting fluorescent imaging probes can be available to investigate the structures and functions of mitochondria, which are of great significance in the intracellular dynamic transformation of supramolecular assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Chu
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Lili Cong
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yue
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- College
of Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal
University, Huanggang, Hubei, 438000, P. R. China
| | - Weiqing Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shuping Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Center
for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R.
China
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4
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Georgiev NI, Krasteva PV, Bakov VV, Bojinov VB. A Highly Water-Soluble and Solid State Emissive 1,8-Naphthalimide as a Fluorescent PET Probe for Determination of pHs, Acid/Base Vapors, and Water Content in Organic Solvents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134229. [PMID: 35807479 PMCID: PMC9268048 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A new highly water-soluble 1,8-naphthalimide fluorophore designed on the “fluorophore-spacer-receptor1-receptor2” model has been synthesized. Due to the unusually high solubility in water, the novel compound proved to be a selective PET-based probe for the determination of pHs in aqueous solutions and rapid detection of water content in organic solvents. Based on the pH dependence of the probe and its high water solubility, the INH logic gate was achieved using NaOH and water as chemical inputs, where NaOH is the disabler and the water is an enabler. In addition, the probe showed effective fluorescence “off-on” reversibility on glass support after exposure to acid and base vapors, which defines it as a promising platform for rapid detection of acid/base vapors in the solid-state, thus extending the molecular sensing concept from solution to the solid support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai I. Georgiev
- Correspondence: (N.I.G.); (V.B.B.); Tel.: +35-(92)-8163207 (N.I.G.); +35-(92)-8163206 (V.B.B.)
| | | | | | - Vladimir B. Bojinov
- Correspondence: (N.I.G.); (V.B.B.); Tel.: +35-(92)-8163207 (N.I.G.); +35-(92)-8163206 (V.B.B.)
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Liu Y, Zhao Z, Li M. Overcoming the cellular barriers and beyond: Recent progress on cell penetrating peptide modified nanomedicine in combating physiological and pathological barriers. Asian J Pharm Sci 2022; 17:523-543. [PMID: 36105313 PMCID: PMC9458999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex physiological and pathological conditions form barriers against efficient drug delivery. Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs), a class of short peptides which translocate drugs across cell membranes with various mechanisms, provide feasible solutions for efficient delivery of biologically active agents to circumvent biological barriers. After years of development, the function of CPPs is beyond cell penetrating. Multifunctional CPPs with bioactivity or active targeting capacity have been designed and successfully utilized in delivery of various cargoes against tumor, myocardial ischemia, ocular posterior segment disorders, etc. In this review, we summarize recent progress in CPP-functionalized nano-drug delivery systems to overcome the physiological and pathological barriers for the applications in cardiology, ophtalmology, mucus, neurology and cancer, etc. We also highlight the prospect of clinical translation of CPP-functionalized drug delivery systems in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Man Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Corresponding authors.
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Zheng Y, Song K, Cai K, Liu L, Tang D, Long W, Zhai B, Chen J, Tao Y, Zhao Y, Liang S, Huang Q, Liu Q, Zhang Q, Chen Y, Liu Y, Li H, Wang P, Lan K, Liu H, Xu K. B-Cell-Epitope-Based Fluorescent Quantum Dot Biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 Enable Highly Sensitive COVID-19 Antibody Detection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14051031. [PMID: 35632772 PMCID: PMC9145955 DOI: 10.3390/v14051031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new antibody diagnostic assay with more rapid and robust properties is demanded to quantitatively evaluate anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunity in a large population. Here, we developed a nanometer-scale fluorescent biosensor system consisting of CdSe-ZnS quantum dots (QDs) coupled with the highly sensitive B-cell epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 that could remarkably identify the corresponding antibody with a detection limit of 100 pM. Intriguingly, we found that fluorescence quenching of QDs was stimulated more obviously when coupled with peptides than the corresponding proteins, indicating that the energy transfer between QDs and peptides was more effective. Compared to the traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the B-cell-epitope-based QD-biosensor could robustly distinguish coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) antibody-positive patients from uninfected individuals with a higher sensitivity (92.3–98.1% positive rates by QD-biosensor vs. 78.3–83.1% positive rates by ELISAs in 207 COVID-19 patients’ sera) in a more rapid (5 min) and labor-saving manner. Taken together, the ‘QD-peptides’ biosensor provided a novel real-time, quantitative, and high-throughput method for clinical diagnosis and home-use tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (D.T.); (S.L.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Kun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (D.T.); (S.L.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Kun Cai
- Hubei Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079, China; (K.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Linlin Liu
- Hubei Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079, China; (K.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Dixiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (D.T.); (S.L.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Wenbo Long
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (W.L.); (B.Z.); (Y.T.); (Y.Z.); (Q.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Bohui Zhai
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (W.L.); (B.Z.); (Y.T.); (Y.Z.); (Q.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Yanbing Tao
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (W.L.); (B.Z.); (Y.T.); (Y.Z.); (Q.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Yunong Zhao
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (W.L.); (B.Z.); (Y.T.); (Y.Z.); (Q.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Simeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (D.T.); (S.L.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Qing Huang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (W.L.); (B.Z.); (Y.T.); (Y.Z.); (Q.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Qianyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (D.T.); (S.L.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (D.T.); (S.L.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (D.T.); (S.L.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (K.L.)
- Institute for Vaccine Research, Animal Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yingle Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (D.T.); (S.L.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (K.L.)
- Institute for Vaccine Research, Animal Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Huayao Li
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (W.L.); (B.Z.); (Y.T.); (Y.Z.); (Q.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Ke Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (D.T.); (S.L.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (K.L.)
- Institute for Vaccine Research, Animal Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (W.L.); (B.Z.); (Y.T.); (Y.Z.); (Q.H.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (K.X.); Tel.: +86-27-87793936 (H.L.); +86-27-68756997 (K.X.); Fax: +86-27-68754592 (K.X.)
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (D.T.); (S.L.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (K.L.)
- Institute for Vaccine Research, Animal Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (K.X.); Tel.: +86-27-87793936 (H.L.); +86-27-68756997 (K.X.); Fax: +86-27-68754592 (K.X.)
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Georgiev NI, Bryaskova RG, Ismail SR, Philipova ND, Uzunova VP, Bakov VV, Tzoneva RD, Bojinov VB. Aggregation induced emission in 1,8-naphthalimide embedded nanomicellar architecture as a platform for fluorescent ratiometric pH-probe with biomedical applications. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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