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Gerdan Z, Saylan Y, Denizli A. Biosensing Platforms for Cardiac Biomarker Detection. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9946-9960. [PMID: 38463295 PMCID: PMC10918812 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a cardiovascular disease that occurs when there is an elevated demand for myocardial oxygen as a result of the rupture or erosion of atherosclerotic plaques. Globally, the mortality rates associated with MI are steadily on the rise. Traditional diagnostic biomarkers employed in clinical settings for MI diagnosis have various drawbacks, prompting researchers to investigate fast, precise, and highly sensitive biosensor platforms and technologies. Biosensors are analytical devices that combine biological elements with physicochemical transducers to detect and quantify specific compounds or analytes. These devices play a crucial role in various fields including healthcare, environmental monitoring, food safety, and biotechnology. Biosensors developed for the detection of cardiac biomarkers are typically electrochemical, mass, and optical biosensors. Nanomaterials have emerged as revolutionary components in the field of biosensing, offering unique properties that significantly enhance the sensitivity and specificity of the detection systems. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the advancements and applications of nanomaterial-based biosensing systems. Beginning with an exploration of the fundamental principles governing nanomaterials, we delve into their diverse properties, including but not limited to electrical, optical, magnetic, and thermal characteristics. The integration of these nanomaterials as transducers in biosensors has paved the way for unprecedented developments in analytical techniques. Moreover, the principles and types of biosensors and their applications in cardiovascular disease diagnosis are explained in detail. The current biosensors for cardiac biomarker detection are also discussed, with an elaboration of the pros and cons of existing platforms and concluding with future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Gerdan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Istanbul Beykent
University, Istanbul 34398, Turkey
| | - Yeşeren Saylan
- Department
of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department
of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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Lai YH, Lee YC, Li HY, Hsieh WH. 4-(Triethoxysilyl)butanoic acid as a self-assembled monolayer for surface modification of titanium dioxide. Analyst 2024; 149:1202-1211. [PMID: 38214351 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01795h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the carboxy silane 4-(triethoxysilyl)butanoic acid (TESBA) was used to modify titanium dioxide (TiO2) to create a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) and then directionally immobilize a capture antibody using protein A. We selected the amino silane (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) to perform a comparative analysis with TESBA, and employed glutaraldehyde (GA) as the control. The modification and detection effects and the limit of detection (LOD) were evaluated by detecting human immunoglobulin G (IgG). The average normalized sensitivity of the dual-grating coupler waveguide biosensor was 49.63 ± 0.27 RIU-1 and the optimum resolution was 1.30 × 10-6 RIU. When the SAM was prepared using TESBA and APTES followed by GA, the LOD was 4.59 × 10-7 g mL-1 and 5.29 × 10-7 g mL-1, respectively. We analyzed the modification and detection effects by the t-test and concluded that the differences in the modification effects using TESBA and APTES followed by GA were significant and the differences in the detection effects using TESBA and APTES followed by GA were insignificant. The use of TESBA as the SAM led to the modification effect being superior to that obtained using APTES followed by GA. The detection effect using TESBA was as outstanding as that using APTES followed by GA. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of using TESBA as the SAM to carboxylate the surface of TiO2, thereby enabling immobilization of biomolecules for human IgG detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsing Lai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, Taiwan.
| | - Yan-Chang Lee
- Research Center for Precision Molding, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hsun-Yuan Li
- Research Center for Precision Molding, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsin Hsieh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, Taiwan.
- Center for Nano Bio-detection, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Advanced Institute of Manufacturing with High-Tech Innovations, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, Taiwan
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Han SB, Lee SS. Simultaneous Detection of Exosomal microRNAs Isolated from Cancer Cells Using Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor Array with High Sensitivity and Reproducibility. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:249. [PMID: 38398977 PMCID: PMC10892992 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
We present a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor array for microRNA (miRNA) detection that utilizes photocatalytic silver staining on titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles as a signal enhancement technique for high sensitivity with an internal reference sensor for high reproducibility. A sandwich hybridization was performed on working sensors of the SAW sensor array that could simultaneously capture and detect three miRNAs (miRNA-21, miRNA-106b, and miRNA-155) known to be upregulated in cancer. Sensor responses due to signal amplification varied depending on the concentration of synthetic miRNAs. It was confirmed that normalization (a ratio of working sensor response to reference sensor response) screened out background interferences by manipulating data and minimized non-uniformity in the photocatalytic silver staining step by suppressing disturbances to both working sensor signal and reference sensor signal. Finally, we were able to successfully detect target miRNAs in cancer cell-derived exosomal miRNAs with performance comparable to the detection of synthetic miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soo Suk Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea;
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Liu M, Jiang R, Zheng M, Li M, Yu Q, Zhu H, Guo H, Sun H. A sensitive ratiometric biosensor for determination cardiac troponin I of myocardial infarction markers based on N, Zn-GQDs. Talanta 2022; 249:123577. [PMID: 35724555 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive unlabeled ratiometric biosensor was developed to the detection of cardiac troponin I (cTnI). This biosensor was established by using the glassy carbon electrode coated with graphene oxide to form a platform bonded with N, Zn co-doped graphene quantum dots (N, Zn-GQDs). The N, Zn-GQDs was successfully prepared as the raw materials of graphite powder and characterized. Antibodies of cTnI were bonded to the surface of N, Zn-GQDs as the nanoprobe by amide bonds. The signals of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were exposed to decrease in the presence of cTnI, which caused the signal substance to move farther away from the electrode. It was found that the immune complex layer attenuated the intensity of ECL and DPV which could be used as the good overall signal for determining concentration of cTnI. The ratiometric biosensor had a good response to cTnI with the detection limit is 4.59 pg L-1 in the concentration range of 10-106 pg L-1. The developed method was evaluated for the detection of cTnI in human serum, and the obtained results were consistent compared to the reference values obtained by hospital standard enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) with 9.09%-11.1% of RSD. Our findings suggested that this ratiometric biosensor could be used to the detection of cTnI in human serum with lower cost and higher sensitivity, it also might be better potential application prospect based on N, Zn-GQDs to detect other biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Liu
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Wuhan, 430068, China; National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Wuhan, 430068, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China.
| | - Rongrong Jiang
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Wuhan, 430068, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Meie Zheng
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Wuhan, 430068, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Mengjiao Li
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Wuhan, 430068, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Qingjie Yu
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Wuhan, 430068, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Hongda Zhu
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Wuhan, 430068, China; National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Wuhan, 430068, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Huiling Guo
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Wuhan, 430068, China; National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Wuhan, 430068, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Hongmei Sun
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Wuhan, 430068, China; National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Wuhan, 430068, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
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