In vivo assessing colitis severity by topical administration of fluorescent probe against neutrophils

Preclinical Evaluation of HSP90 Noninvasive Imaging in Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis

Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a powerful molecular chaperone responsible for the stability and integrity of various client proteins, including various transcription factors, kinases, and steroid hormone proteins, among others. Overexpression of HSP90 is closely related to cancer, immune diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, there are few effective fluorescent probes for HSP90. Therefore, we synthesized a near-infrared fluorescent probe YQHSI-MPA-1 targeting HSP90. The probe was later structurally modified to improve the targeting specificity and accuracy in vivo as YQHSI-MPA-2. Furthermore, the application values of YQHSI-MPA-2 in situ CRC, AOM-DSS-induced CRC, and various metastasis models were evaluated. The results showed that YQHSI-MPA-2 had excellent specificity and high tumor contrast. In conclusion, YQHSI-MPA-2 is an ideal tool for tumor detection and surgical navigation.

Repurposing GnRH-A as a Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Diagnosis and Surgical Navigation of Breast Cancer Tumors and Metastases

Breast cancer, globally the most common cancer in women, presents significant challenges in treatment. Breast-conserving surgery (BCS), a less traumatic and painful alternative to radical mastectomy, not only preserves the breast's appearance but also supports postsurgical functional recovery. However, accurately identifying tumors, precisely delineating margins, and thoroughly removing metastases remain complex surgical challenges, exacerbated by the limitations of current imaging techniques, including poor tumor uptake and low signal contrast. Addressing these challenges, our study developed a series of GnRHR-targeted probes (YQGN-n) for fluorescence imaging and surgical navigation of breast cancer through a drug repositioning strategy. Notably, YQGN-7, with its high cellular affinity (Kd of 217.8 nM), demonstrates exceptional selectivity and specificity for breast cancer tumors, surpassing traditional imaging agents like ICG in tumor uptake and pharmacokinetic properties. Furthermore, YQGN-7's effectiveness in surgical navigation, both for primary breast tumors and metastases, highlights its potential as a revolutionary tool in BCS.

Orally Administrable Aggregation-Induced Emission-Based Bionic Probe for Imaging and Ameliorating Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

As macrophage infiltration is significantly related to the progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), monitoring the macrophages is a valuable strategy for IBD diagnosis. However, owing to the harsh physiological environment of the gastrointestinal tract and enzymatic degradation, the development of orally administrable imaging probes for tracking macrophages remains a considerable challenge. Accordingly, herein, an orally administrable aggregation-induced emission biomimetic probe (HBTTPIP/β-glucan particles [GPs]) is developed for tracing macrophages; HBTTPIP/GPs can diagnose and alleviate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colonic inflammation and self-report the treatment efficiency. The fluorophore HBTTPIP can effectively aggregate in GPs, restricting intramolecular rotation and activating the fluorescence of HBTTPIP. After being orally administrated, HBTTPIP/GPs are phagocytosed by intestinal macrophages, which then migrate to colonic lesions, enabling non-invasive monitoring of the severity of IBD via in vivo fluorescence imaging. Notably, oral HBTTPIP/GPs ameliorate DSS-induced IBD by inhibiting the expressions of pro-inflammatory factors and improving colonic mucosal barrier function. Furthermore, these HBTTPIP/GPs realize self-feedback of the therapeutic effects of GPs on DSS-induced colitis. The oral biomimetic probe HBTTPIP/GPs reported herein provide a novel theranostic platform for IBD, integrating non-invasive diagnosis of IBD in situ and the corresponding treatment.

Long Noncoding RNA FBXL19-AS1-Mediated Ulcerative Colitis-Associated Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Defect

BACKGROUND

This study commenced to uncover the role of long non-coding RNA FBXL19 antisense RNA 1 (FBXL19-AS1) in the development of ulcerative colitis (UC) and its possible mechanism.

METHODS

FBXL19-AS1 expression in the colonic sigmoid mucosa of UC patients was detected. A colitis model was induced in mice using 5% dextran sodium sulfate. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed for histopathological examination. Apoptosis was detected by Tunel staining and tissue fibrosis was detected by immunohistochemistry. Also, intestinal permeability was examined. The concentrations of inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-18 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationship between FBXL19-AS1, miR-339-3p and RHOB was verified by RNA immunoprecipitation assay and dual luciferase reporter assay.

RESULTS

The expression of FBXL19-AS1 was increased in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. FBXL19-AS1 interference or miR-339-3p overexpression inhibited DSS-induced colonic epithelial cell apoptosis and inflammatory response, and improved intestinal epithelial barrier defects, thereby ameliorating DSS-induced colitis injury in mice. FBXL19-AS1 sponged miR-339-3p while miR-339-3p targeted RHOB. Overexpression of RHOB reversed the protective effect of inhibition of FBXL19-AS1 on DSS-induced colitis in mice.

CONCLUSION

FBXL19-AS1 reduces miR-339-3p-mediated targeting of RHOB and aggravates intestinal epithelial barrier defect in DSS-induced colitis in mice.