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Qi Z, Pan N, Han D, He J, Li JA, Yang L, Wang X, Huang F. Enzymatic response of heparin-protamine complex: Spectroscopic investigation and application for lung adenocarcinoma cells detection. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134307. [PMID: 39084435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Though the heparin-protamine complex (HP complex) is a crucial system utilized in clinical settings, the metabolic pathways of this complex remain inadequately understood. Herein, the enzymatic degradation of the heparin-protamine complex by trypsin and its broader implications were investigated. By utilizing fluorescent gold nanoclusters liganded with the HP complex (AuNCs-HP complex), we observed significant morphological and spectral changes during enzymatic degradation. Experiments showed that AuNCs-HP complex could be degraded and cleaved into small fragments by trypsin. Moreover, the AuNCs-HP complex demonstrated its potential as a highly sensitive spectral sensing platform, enabling precise measurement of trypsin activity with an outstanding detection limit (0.34 ng mL-1). Additionally, we explored its utility for specific tumor cell detection, focusing on lung adenocarcinoma cells, and successfully identified their presence through distinctive fluorescence changes. These remarkable findings not only contribute valuable insights into targeted degradation systems but also offer promising opportunities for cancer biomarker detection. The AuNCs-HP complex serves as an innovative tool for real-time trypsin activity monitoring, paving the way for advanced biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichun Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Nana Pan
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Dongxue Han
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jiahua He
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jin-Ao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Luqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Fang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
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Upadhaya AH, Mirgane HA, Pandey SP, Patil VS, Bhosale SV, Singh PK. Electrostatically Engineered Tetraphenylethylene-Based Fluorescence Sensor for Protamine and Trypsin: Leveraging Aggregation-Induced Emission for Enhanced Sensitivity and Selectivity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:19357-19369. [PMID: 39241011 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2024]
Abstract
The accurate detection of Protamine and Trypsin, two biomolecules with significant clinical and biological relevance, presents a substantial challenge because of their structural peculiarities, low abundance in physiological fluids, and potential interference from other substances. Protamine, a cationic protein, is crucial for counteracting heparin overdoses, whereas Trypsin, a serine protease, is integral to protein digestion and enzyme activation. This study introduces a novel fluorescence sensor based on a (4-(1,2,2-tris(4-phosphonophenyl)vinyl)phenyl)phosphonic acid octasodium salt (TPPE), leveraging aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics and electrostatic interactions to achieve selective and sensitive detection of these biomolecules. Through comprehensive optical characterization, including ground-state absorption, steady-state, and time-resolved emission spectroscopy, the interaction mechanisms and aggregation dynamics of TPPE with Protamine and Trypsin were elucidated. The sensor exhibits very high sensitivity (LOD: 1.45 nM for Protamine and 32 pM for Trypsin), selectivity, and stability, successfully operating in complex biological matrices, such as human serum and urine. Importantly, this sensor design underscores the synergy between the AIE phenomena and biomolecular interactions, offering a promising alternative for analytical applications in biomedical research and clinical diagnostics. The principles outlined herein open new avenues for the development of other AIE-based sensors, expanding the toolkit available for detecting a wide range of biomolecules using similar design strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi H Upadhaya
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Mithibai College of Arts, Chauhan Institute of Science & Amrutben Jivanlal College of Commerce and Economics, Vile Parle (W) 400 056, India
- SVKM's Shri C. B. Patel Research Centre, Vile Parle, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400056, India
| | - Harshad A Mirgane
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi 585367, Karnataka, India
| | - Shrishti P Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Mithibai College of Arts, Chauhan Institute of Science & Amrutben Jivanlal College of Commerce and Economics, Vile Parle (W) 400 056, India
| | - Vrushali S Patil
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Sheshanath V Bhosale
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi 585367, Karnataka, India
| | - Prabhat K Singh
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400085, India
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Xiao Y, Huang N, Wen J, Yang D, Chen H, Long Y, Zheng H. Detecting uric acid base on the dual inner filter effect using BSA@Au nanoclusters as both peroxidase mimics and fluorescent reporters. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 293:122504. [PMID: 36801742 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent bovine serum albumin-protected gold nanoclusters (BSA@Au NCs) can catalyze the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to produce blue oxTMB for its peroxidase-like activity. The two absorption peaks of oxTMB overlapped with the excitation and emission peaks of BSA@Au NCs, respectively, causing efficient quenching on the fluorescence of BSA@Au NCs. The quenching mechanism can be attributed to the dual inner filter effect (IFE). Based on the dual IFE, BSA@Au NCs were utilized as both peroxidase mimics and fluorescent reporters for H2O2 detection and further for uric acid detection with uricase. Under optimal detection conditions, the method can be used to detect H2O2 ranging 0.50-50 μM with a detection limit of 0.44 μM and UA ranging 0.50-50 μM with a detection limit of 0.39 μM. The established method had been successfully utilized for the determination of UA in human urine, with massive potential in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Na Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jiahui Wen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Dan Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Huanhuan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yijuan Long
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Huzhi Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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Improved sensitivity of gold nanoclusters toward trypsin under synergistic adsorption of CdTe quantum dots. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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A smartphone-based ratiometric fluorescence and absorbance dual-mode device for Rhodamine B determination in combination with differential molecularly imprinting strategy and primary inner filter effect correction. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Excellent performance separation of trypsin by novel ternary magnetic composite adsorbent based on betaine-urea- glycerol natural deep eutectic solvent modified MnFe 2O 4-MWCNTs. Talanta 2022; 248:123566. [PMID: 35653959 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The effective trypsin purification methods should be established since trypsin plays a crucial role in biosome. In this work, a novel ternary magnetic composite adsorbent (MnFe2O4-MWCNTs@B-U-G) with the features of strong specific selectivity, good adsorption effect, simple and efficient separation process, no secondary pollution brought in was prepared by integrating the superior physicochemical properties of ternary based natural deep eutectic solvent, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and MnFe2O4. The property, composition and microtopography structure of MnFe2O4-MWCNTs@B-U-G were characterized in detail. Combined with magnetic solid-phase extraction, MnFe2O4-MWCNTs@B-U-G was utilized to adsorb trypsin. Response surface methodology experiment was prepared under Box-Behnken design to optimize the adsorption conditions and the results showed that the practical maximum adsorption capacity for trypsin was 1020.1 mg g-1. Besides, the adsorption isotherms, adsorption kinetics, regeneration studies and method validation studies were investigated systematically to evaluate the established adsorption separation system. Mechanism exploration proved that electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding interaction and chelation interaction were the dominant forces for the high-performance adsorption of trypsin. The activity of trypsin after elution had been analyzed by UV-vis spectrophotometer and CD spectrometer with three methods, which illustrated that the enzyme activity, conformation and secondary structure of trypsin did not change significantly during the adsorption-desorption process. In addition, the proposed method was successful and practical applicability to isolation trypsin from crude bovine pancreas. As a result, due to the superiority of the MnFe2O4-MWCNTs@B-U-G, the proposed method not only exhibites high-performance adsorption of trypsin, but also provides a green and sustainable potential value in the adsorption of biomacromolecule.
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