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Jamal RB, Bay Gosewinkel U, Ferapontova EE. Electrocatalytic aptasensor for bacterial detection exploiting ferricyanide reduction by methylene blue on mixed PEG/aptamer monolayers. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 156:108620. [PMID: 38006817 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Pathogen-triggered infections are the most severe global threat to human health, and to provide their timely treatment and prevention, robust methods for rapid and reliable identification of pathogenic microorganisms are required. Here, we have developed a fast and inexpensive electrocatalytic aptamer assay enabling specific and ultrasensitive detection of E. coli. E. coli, a biomarker of environmental contamination and infections, was captured on the mixed aptamer/thiolated PEG self-assembled monolayers formed on electrochemically pre-treated gold screen-printed electrodes (SPE). Signals from aptamer - E. coli binding were amplified by electrocatalytic reduction of ferricyanide mediated by methylene blue (MB) adsorbed on bacterial and aptamer surfaces. PEG operated as an antifouling agent and inhibited direct (not MB-mediated) discharge of ferricyanide. The assay allowed from 10 to 1000 CFU mL-1E. coli detection in 30 min, with no interference from B. subtilis, in buffer and artificial urine samples. This electrocatalytic approach is fast, specific, sensitive, and can be used directly in in-field and point-of-care applications for analysis of bacteria in human environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimsha B Jamal
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Bay Gosewinkel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Elena E Ferapontova
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Dong H, Liu X, Gan L, Fan D, Sun X, Zhang Z, Wu P. Nucleic acid aptamer-based biosensors and their application in thrombin analysis. Bioanalysis 2023. [PMID: 37326345 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2023-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombin is a multifunctional serine protease that plays an important role in coagulation and anticoagulation processes. Aptamers have been widely applied in biosensors due to their high specificity, low cost and good biocompatibility. This review summarizes recent advances in thrombin quantification using aptamer-based biosensors. The primary focus is optical sensors and electrochemical sensors, along with their applications in thrombin analysis and disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Lu Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Dianfa Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xinjun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Pan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
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Jamal RB, Vitasovic T, Gosewinkel U, Ferapontova EE. Detection of E.coli 23S rRNA by electrocatalytic "off-on" DNA beacon assay with femtomolar sensitivity. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 228:115214. [PMID: 36906990 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Prevention of food spoilage, environmental bio-contamination, and pathogenic infections requires rapid and sensitive bacterial detection systems. Among microbial communities, the bacterial strain of Escherichia coli is most widespread, with pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains being biomarkers of bacterial contamination. Here, we have developed a fM-sensitive, simple, and robust electrocatalytically-amplified assay facilitating specific detection of E.coli 23S ribosomal rRNA, in the total RNA sample, after its site-specific cleavage by RNase H enzyme. Gold screen-printed electrodes (SPE) were electrochemically pre-treated to be productively modified with a methylene-blue (MB) - labelled hairpin DNA probes, which hybridization with the E. coli-specific DNA placed MB in the top region of the DNA duplex. The formed duplex acted as an electrical wire, mediating electron transfer from the gold electrode to the DNA-intercalated MB, and further to ferricyanide in solution, enabling its electrocatalytic reduction otherwise impeded on the hairpin-modified SPEs. The assay facilitated 20 min 1 fM detection of both synthetic E. coli DNA and 23S rRNA isolated from E.coli (equivalent to 15 CFU mL-1), and can be extended to fM analysis of nucleic acids isolated from any other bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimsha B Jamal
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Aarhus University Center for Water Technology (WATEC), Faculty of Science, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Toni Vitasovic
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Aarhus University Center for Water Technology (WATEC), Faculty of Science, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Gosewinkel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Elena E Ferapontova
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Aarhus University Center for Water Technology (WATEC), Faculty of Science, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Majdinasab M, Marty JL. Recent Advances in Electrochemical Aptasensors for Detection of Biomarkers. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15080995. [PMID: 36015143 PMCID: PMC9412480 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The early diagnosis of diseases is of great importance for the effective treatment of patients. Biomarkers are one of the most promising medical approaches in the diagnosis of diseases and their progress and facilitate reaching this goal. Among the many methods developed in the detection of biomarkers, aptamer-based biosensors (aptasensors) have shown great promise. Aptamers are promising diagnostic molecules with high sensitivity and selectivity, low-cost synthesis, easy modification, low toxicity, and high stability. Electrochemical aptasensors with high sensitivity and accuracy have attracted considerable attention in the field of biomarker detection. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in biomarker detection using electrochemical aptasensors. The principles of detection, sensitivity, selectivity, and other important factors in aptasensor performance are investigated. Finally, advantages and challenges of the developed aptasensors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Majdinasab
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-65186, Iran
| | - Jean Louis Marty
- Universite de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, CEDEX 9, 66860 Perpignan, France
- Correspondence:
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Covalent Hemin/G4 complex-linked sandwich bioassay on magnetic beads for femtomolar HER-2/neu detection in human serum via direct electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1219:340049. [PMID: 35715131 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy assays for tumour biomarkers circulating in blood are perspective non-invasive tools for cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Here, we suggest a simple, 1 h long electrochemical DNAzyme-linked aptamer- and immuno-sandwich magnetic assay for analysis of serum HER-2/neu protein overexpressed in several aggressive cancers. In the assay, we used a covalent hemin-guanine quadruplex (G4) complex as a novel O2-dependent electrocatalytic label that allowed 10 fM (aptamer-aptamer) and 1 fM (aptamer-antibody) detection of HER-2/neu in human serum. The O2 reactivity of the aptamer-conjugated label was detected at high-surface-area graphite electrodes displaying a high efficiency of O2 reduction electro-catalyzed by this DNAzyme. In contrast to the recognised H2O2 reactivity, the O2 reactivity of the covalent hemin/G4 complex depended only on ambient O2 present in solutions, and did not require adding such traditional reagents as hemin and H2O2, and solution de-aeration. Human serum albumin, urokinase plasminogen activator and thrombin did not interfere, and the assay was used for analysis of basal serum levels of HER-2/neu. Due to the simplicity and low cost, sandwich assays exploiting O2-linked electrocatalysis by the covalent hemin-G4 complexes represent a more advanced electrochemical ELISA platform for ultrasensitive and fast detection of low concentrations of proteins in complex biological matrices.
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